CN114753823B - Gas lift filter equipment suitable for oil gas well exploitation - Google Patents
Gas lift filter equipment suitable for oil gas well exploitation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 57
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005574 cross-species transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/122—Gas lift
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/129—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by fluid supplied from outside the borehole
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gas lift filtering device suitable for oil-gas well exploitation, which comprises a production casing, an oil pipe and a packer, wherein the outer wall of the upper section of the oil pipe is provided with a plurality of gas lift valves; the two side walls of the primary separation shell are respectively provided with a butt joint cylinder and a buffer cylinder which are communicated with the interior of the primary separation shell, the first output pipe and the second output pipe are respectively communicated with the inlet of the secondary separation mechanism, one end of the butt joint cylinder is communicated with an output pipeline, the other end of the butt joint cylinder is arranged in the open end of the buffer cylinder, and the inner circumferential wall of the butt joint cylinder is provided with a plurality of flow guide rings. In the invention, the gas and liquid after pretreatment sequentially pass through the primary separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism from two liquid outlet ends of the gravity separator, are separated by the subsequent primary separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism, and are finally discharged from two outlets of the secondary separation mechanism respectively to realize complete separation of the gas and the liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas lift oil extraction, in particular to a gas lift filtering device suitable for oil and gas well exploitation.
Background
The existing gas lift mode rear end gas outlet generally adopts a gravity separator or a filtering separator to separate gas from liquid, and because the liquid output in a shaft is increased from dozens of cubic meters to dozens of cubic meters in each hour during gas lift, the existing separator can not separate instantaneous gas from liquid, so that liquid and other pollutants can easily enter a gas collecting pipeline, and the rear end process is affected. If the produced gas is recycled to the gas lift exhaust, the API618 standard is generally met by combining gas-liquid separation and filtering separation, the investment cost is increased by the matching process, the gas lift gas production cost is too high, the input-output ratio is reduced, and the large-scale application cannot be met.
The invention adopts a novel gas lift purification device aiming at the gas lift process characteristics, and adopts a special separation system to meet the field working condition aiming at the special working conditions of large gas lift gas production working condition change interval and high liquid output quantity. The gas lift drainage gas production technology is characterized in that high-pressure gas is injected into a blowout-stopping well from the ground through a gas lift valve, liquid in a shaft is lifted step by utilizing the energy of the gas and discharged, the production capacity of the well is recovered, the gas lift is generally divided into continuous gas lift and intermittent gas lift, and a continuous gas lift mode is generally adopted at present. However, in the prior art, a gravity separator or a filtering separator is used for gas-liquid separation of gas in gas lift, particularly for an oil well with rich oil-gas content, the separation efficiency of the existing equipment is low, and the influence on the rear-end process is very easy to cause. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gas lift filter device capable of coping with the rich oil gas content to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gas lift filter device suitable for oil and gas well exploitation, so as to solve the defects.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a gas lift filter device suitable for oil-gas well exploitation comprises a production casing, an oil pipe and a packer, wherein a plurality of gas lift valves are arranged on the outer wall of the upper section of the oil pipe, the packer divides an annular space between the upper section of the oil pipe and the production casing into a closed gas lift area, the lower ends of a plurality of gas injection pipes are arranged in the gas lift area, the gas lift filter device also comprises a gravity separator, a primary separation mechanism and a secondary separation mechanism, the upper end of the oil pipe is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the gravity separator, and two liquid outlet ends on the gravity separator are respectively connected with the primary separation mechanism through output pipelines;
the primary separation mechanism comprises a primary separation shell, two side walls of the primary separation shell are respectively provided with a butt joint cylinder and a buffer cylinder which are communicated with the inner parts of the primary separation shell, the upper end of the primary separation shell is provided with a first output pipe and a second output pipe, the lower end of the primary separation shell is provided with a third output pipe, the first output pipe and the second output pipe are respectively communicated with an inlet of the secondary separation mechanism, one end of the buffer cylinder is closed, the other end of the buffer cylinder is open, one end of the butt joint cylinder is communicated with the output pipeline, the other end of the butt joint cylinder is arranged in the open end of the buffer cylinder, the outer circumferential wall of the buffer cylinder is provided with a plurality of filter holes, the inner circumferential wall of the buffer cylinder is provided with a plurality of guide plates along the axial direction of the butt joint cylinder, and the inner circumferential wall of the butt joint cylinder is provided with a plurality of guide rings which are coaxial with the guide plates.
Aiming at the current oil-gas well with higher oil-gas content, the gas outlet at the rear end of the existing gas lift mode generally adopts a gravity separator or a filtering separator to separate gas from liquid, but the liquid output in an oil pipe is increased from dozens of cubes to dozens of cubes per hour in the gas lift mode, the separation efficiency is low only depending on the treatment of the traditional separation equipment, the gas-liquid separation requirement of the oil-gas well cannot be met, and liquid and other pollutants are easy to enter a gas collection pipeline to influence the processes of oil-gas storage, refining and the like at the rear end; in view of the above, the applicant has designed a gas lift filter device, after gas and liquid in an oil well are discharged from the upper end of an oil pipe, the gas and liquid discharged out of the well are separated in advance by a large-sized gravity separator, the gas and liquid after pretreatment sequentially pass through a primary separation mechanism and a secondary separation mechanism from two liquid outlet ends of the gravity separator, are separated by the subsequent primary separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism, and finally are respectively discharged from two outlets of the secondary separation mechanism to realize complete separation of the gas and the liquid; the large gravity separator completes the separation of gas and liquid in advance, the volume inside the gravity separator is enough to complete the temporary storage of gas and liquid discharged from an oil well, the overflow pressure of the gas and liquid in the oil well with rich oil and gas content can be relieved, and the two sets of primary separation mechanisms and the secondary separation mechanisms are used synchronously, so that the gas and liquid in the gravity separator can be rapidly subjected to multi-stage separation treatment, and the gas and liquid after complete separation can be ensured to be normally carried out in the subsequent treatment process. It should be further noted that the gas and liquid in the oil well refers to a mixed fluid composed of crude oil, water and gas, the separation treatment in the gravity separator belongs to pretreatment, the fluid is not completely separated, and part of the separated gas is removed through a gas outlet of the gravity separator and is subjected to the next process operation; the fluid discharged from the gravity separator still contains crude oil, water and most of gas, and the primary separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism carry out primary separation and secondary separation on the fluid subsequently, so that complete separation of a liquid phase and a gas phase discharged from two outlets of the secondary separation mechanism is ensured.
In this scheme, make the fluid in the oil well enter into gravity separator by the oil pipe upper end through the continuous gas lift mode, and the concrete operation when outer fluid of arranging in the gravity separator passes through elementary separating mechanism is as follows: the fluid firstly enters the butt-joint barrel through the output pipeline, the flow velocity of the fluid can be finely adjusted by the plurality of guide rings arranged in the butt-joint barrel, the end part of the butt-joint barrel is arranged in the buffer barrel, the fluid enters the processing and separating shell through the filter holes on the outer wall of the buffer barrel, at the moment, the gas phase and the liquid phase are subjected to a primary separation process in the primary separating shell, relatively speaking, most of the liquid phase with larger weight drops to the bottom of the processing and separating shell and is discharged outside through the third output pipe, and the gas phase with lighter weight directly moves to the secondary separating mechanism through the first output pipe and the second output pipe; in the separation step inside the primary separation casing, since the fluid moves rapidly, a small portion of crude oil and water is also contained in the gas phase moving to the secondary separation means, that is, the portion of crude oil, water and gas are mixed to form a new fluid, and secondary separation is performed in the secondary separation means until the gas phase and the liquid phase are completely separated.
The inner diameters of the guide rings are increased progressively along the axis of the butt joint barrel towards the direction close to the buffer barrel. Preferably, the inner diameters of the guide rings decrease progressively along the normal moving direction of the fluid, so that the speed is reduced when the fluid encounters the closed end of the buffer cylinder to generate reverse movement, and the normal movement of the fluid after the reverse movement fluid with an excessively high flow speed enters the output pipeline is prevented from being hindered.
The deflector is major arc form, just minor arc breach of deflector is directly over the buffer cylinder. Further, the applicant optimally designs the structure of the guide plate, namely, the guide plate in an optimal arc shape is adopted, the forward projection of the guide plate is a complete circular ring, a minor arc-shaped notch is formed in the complete circular ring, and the notch is over against the upper part of the buffer cylinder.
The secondary separation mechanism comprises a columnar gas-liquid separation shell and a diffusion cylinder, the upper end of the gas-liquid separation shell is connected with an exhaust pipe, and a liquid discharge pipe is arranged on the side wall of the lower section of the gas-liquid separation shell;
the diffusion cylinder is characterized in that an annular flange is arranged on the outer wall of the upper section of the diffusion cylinder, the diffusion cylinder is fixedly connected with the inside of the gas-liquid separation shell through the flange, a fixing ring is arranged on the upper end face of the diffusion cylinder, the middle of the fixing ring is provided with a guide flow cylinder with one open end and the other closed end, a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the upper end face of the fixing ring in the circumferential direction, a plurality of liquid discharge holes communicated with the inside of the gas-liquid separation shell are formed in the outer wall of the lower section of the diffusion cylinder, an outer discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the diffusion cylinder, and the lower end of the outer discharge pipe is communicated with a first output pipe and a second output pipe after penetrating through the side wall of the gas-liquid separation shell. Further, the specific secondary separation process is as follows: the fluid moves to the guide shell along the outer discharge pipe vertically and upwards, the upper end of the guide shell is sealed, so that the fluid is blocked from moving in the vertical direction, the fluid moves downwards to the inner wall of the diffusion shell along the inner wall of the guide shell after being reflected, the reflected liquid phase moves to the bottom of the gas-liquid separation shell along the liquid discharge holes in the side wall of the diffusion shell and is discharged outwards through the liquid discharge pipe, and the gas phase separated from the liquid phase moves to the top of the gas-liquid separation shell along the plurality of exhaust holes in the fixing plate and is discharged outwards through the exhaust pipe.
A partition plate is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation shell, the partition plate divides the interior of the gas-liquid separation shell into a separation cavity and a liquid discharge cavity, a spiral plate is arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the gas-liquid separation shell, a plurality of overflow holes are arranged on the upper end surface of the flange along the circumferential direction of the flange, and the forward projection of each overflow hole is mapped on the upper surface of the spiral plate; a plurality of flow guide pipes are arranged on the lower surface of the baffle plate along the circumferential direction of the baffle plate, and the upper ends of the flow guide pipes penetrate through the baffle plate and then are communicated with the separation cavity. Furthermore, a plurality of overflow holes are formed in a flange on the outer wall of the diffusion cylinder, a spiral plate is arranged on the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation shell, and the forward projection of each overflow hole is mapped on the upper surface of the spiral plate, so that a downward moving liquid phase directly contacts with the upper surface of the spiral plate when entering the bottom of the liquid discharge cavity, the liquid phase generates a rotational flow by using the rotational direction of the spiral plate, meanwhile, the liquid phase can also realize the separation of partial residual gas phase and the liquid phase when colliding with the spiral plate, and the separated gas phase moves to the top of the gas-liquid separation shell through the overflow holes.
The liquid-gas separation device is characterized by further comprising an overflow pipe, wherein the overflow pipe is fixed on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separation shell and is communicated with the upper section of the liquid discharge cavity, and a distance is reserved between the lower end of the flow guide pipe and the bottom of the liquid discharge cavity. Furthermore, after the liquid phase in the separation cavity is buffered and adjusted by the partition plate and the flow guide pipe, the liquid phase can enter the liquid discharge cavity at a moderate speed, and the crude oil and the water are layered, so that the crude oil is arranged at the upper part of the liquid discharge cavity, the water is arranged at the lower part of the liquid discharge cavity, namely, the liquid discharge pipe is used for discharging the water, and the overflow pipe is used for discharging the crude oil, thereby increasing the separation efficiency of the whole system.
The device is characterized by further comprising an adjusting shell and a flashboard, wherein two side walls of the adjusting shell are respectively communicated with the output pipeline and the butt joint barrel, the flashboard movably penetrates through the upper end face of the adjusting shell and then is arranged in the adjusting shell, a flashhole is formed in the middle of the flashboard, and the two side walls of the flashboard are respectively contacted with the end parts, opposite to the output pipeline and the butt joint barrel, of the flashboard; the bottom of the adjusting shell is provided with a control valve, a hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed on the side wall of the adjusting shell, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the upper end of the flashboard. Further, utilize the pneumatic cylinder height of adjusting the flashboard in vertical direction, with the gas-liquid flow through the brake hole of control, when the adjustment, partial gas-liquid can be followed flashboard and butt joint section of thick bamboo, the clearance spills over between the output pipeline, and the flashboard and the tip of butt joint section of thick bamboo, in the confined adjusting body was all arranged in to the output of output pipeline, can effectively avoid the gas-liquid to spill over to the external world, adjust the inside certain storage space that possesses of casing simultaneously, can store the gas-liquid that overflows from butt joint section of thick bamboo or output pipeline because of adjusting and collect, outwards discharge through the control valve of adjusting the casing bottom at last.
The outer diameter of the butting cylinder is smaller than the inner diameter of the buffer cylinder. Preferably, the outer diameter of the docking barrel is smaller than the inner diameter of the buffer barrel, so that an annular space is reserved between the outer wall of the end of the docking barrel and the inner wall of the buffer barrel, the size of the annular space region cannot cause large-scale overflow of gas and liquid, the gas and liquid in the buffer barrel can escape to the inside of the primary separation shell, the purpose of relieving the inside of the buffer barrel and the inside of the docking barrel is achieved, and the gas and liquid input quantity in the buffer barrel is prevented from being larger than the external discharge quantity of the gas and liquid.
And a switch valve is arranged in the third output pipe. Preferably, a switch valve is arranged in the third output pipe, the switch valve is an electromagnetic valve, and the flow rate of gas and liquid entering the secondary separation mechanism from the primary separation mechanism can be adjusted in real time, so that the separation process of each separation mechanism can be carried out at the most appropriate working load.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the gas and liquid after pretreatment sequentially pass through a primary separation mechanism and a secondary separation mechanism from two liquid outlet ends of a gravity separator, are separated by the subsequent primary separation mechanism and the secondary separation mechanism, and are finally discharged from two outlets of the secondary separation mechanism respectively to realize complete separation of the gas and the liquid; because the large gravity separator finishes the separation of gas and liquid in advance, and the volume in the gravity separator is enough to finish the temporary storage of the gas and liquid discharged from the oil well, the overflow pressure of the gas and liquid in the oil well with rich oil and gas content can be relieved, and the gas and liquid in the gravity separator can be rapidly subjected to multi-stage separation treatment by using the two groups of primary separation mechanisms and the secondary separation mechanism synchronously, so that the gas and liquid after complete separation can be ensured to be normally carried out in the subsequent treatment process;
2. the guide plate in the buffer cylinder mainly acts on the same guide plate, and the part above the guide plate, which has the same action with the guide plate, is lost, so that the difference exists between the upper area and the lower area of the fluid reverse movement of the buffer cylinder, namely, the fluid reverse movement speed of the upper area in the buffer cylinder is higher, and the fluid rebounded by the closed end of the buffer cylinder can rush towards the upper area, so that the gas separated from the filter holes of the buffer cylinder is mainly concentrated on the upper part of the buffer cylinder, and at the moment, the gas is just conveyed to the secondary separation mechanism by the first output pipe and the second output pipe, and the rapid separation of the gas and the liquid in the primary separation shell is realized;
3. in the invention, after the liquid phase in the separation cavity is buffered and adjusted by the partition plate and the flow guide pipe, the liquid phase can enter the liquid discharge cavity at a proper speed, and the crude oil is layered with water, so that the crude oil is arranged at the upper part of the liquid discharge cavity, the water is arranged at the lower part of the liquid discharge cavity, namely, the liquid discharge pipe is used for discharging the water, and the overflow pipe is used for discharging the crude oil, thereby increasing the separation efficiency of the whole system.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the primary separation mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a secondary separation mechanism;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the guide plate.
The reference numerals denote: 1-oil gas well, 2-production casing, 3-gas lift valve, 4-secondary separation mechanism, 41-exhaust pipe, 42-fixed ring, 43-overflow hole, 44-liquid discharge hole, 45-external discharge pipe, 46-guide cylinder, 47-exhaust hole, 48-diffusion cylinder, 49-spiral plate, 410-clapboard, 411-guide pipe, 412-overflow pipe, 413-gas-liquid separation shell, 414-liquid discharge pipe, 5-primary separation shell, 51-first output pipe, 52-second output pipe, 53-third output pipe, 54-butting cylinder, 55-guide ring, 56-buffer cylinder, 57-filter hole, 58-guide plate, 59-switch valve, 6-regulation shell, 61-gate hole, 62-gate plate, 63-control valve, 7-output pipeline, 8-gas injection pipe, 9-oil pipe, 10-gravity separator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is in practical development and use.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment includes a production casing 2, an oil pipe 9, a packer, a plurality of gas lift valves 3 arranged on an outer wall of an upper section of the oil pipe 9, the packer dividing an annular space between the upper section of the oil pipe 9 and the production casing 2 into a closed gas lift region, a plurality of gas injection pipes 8 having lower ends disposed in the gas lift region, a gravity separator 10, a primary separation mechanism, and a secondary separation mechanism 4, wherein an upper end of the oil pipe 9 is communicated with a liquid inlet end of the gravity separator 10, and two liquid outlet ends of the gravity separator 10 are respectively connected to the primary separation mechanism through an output pipeline 7;
the primary separation mechanism comprises a primary separation shell 5, a butt joint cylinder 54 and a buffer cylinder 56 which are communicated with the interior of the primary separation shell 5 are respectively arranged on two side walls of the primary separation shell 5, a first output pipe 51 and a second output pipe 52 are arranged at the upper end of the primary separation shell 5, a third output pipe 53 is arranged at the lower end of the primary separation shell 5, the first output pipe 51 and the second output pipe 52 are respectively communicated with an inlet of the secondary separation mechanism 4, one end of the buffer cylinder 56 is closed, the other end of the buffer cylinder 56 is opened, one end of the butt joint cylinder 54 is communicated with an output pipeline 7, the other end of the butt joint cylinder 54 is arranged in the open end of the buffer cylinder 56, a plurality of filter holes 57 are arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the buffer cylinder 56, a plurality of guide plates 58 are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the buffer cylinder 56 in the axial direction, and a plurality of guide rings 55 which are coaxial with the guide plates 58 are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the butt joint cylinder 54 in the axial direction.
In this embodiment, the fluid in the oil well enters the gravity separator 10 from the upper end of the oil pipe 9 by means of the continuous gas lift, and the specific operation of the fluid discharged outside in the gravity separator 10 when passing through the primary separation mechanism is as follows: the fluid firstly enters the butt joint barrel 54 through the output pipeline 7, the flow velocity of the fluid can be finely adjusted by a plurality of guide rings 55 arranged in the butt joint barrel 54, because the end part of the butt joint barrel 54 is arranged in the buffer barrel 56, the fluid enters the processing and separating shell through the filter holes 57 on the outer wall of the buffer barrel 56, at this time, the gas phase and the liquid phase are subjected to a primary separation procedure in the primary separating shell 5, relatively speaking, most of the liquid phase with larger weight drops to the bottom of the processing and separating shell and is discharged through the third output pipe 53, and the gas phase with lighter weight directly moves to the secondary separating mechanism 4 through the first output pipe 51 and the second output pipe 52; in the separation step inside the primary separation casing 5, since the fluid moves rapidly, a small portion of crude oil and water is also contained in the gas phase moving to the secondary separation means 4, that is, the portion of crude oil, water and gas are mixed to form a new fluid, and secondary separation is performed in the secondary separation means 4 until the separation of the gas phase and the liquid phase is completely achieved.
When the fluid moves into the buffer cylinder 56 at high speed, one end of the buffer cylinder 56 is open and the other end is closed, so that when the fluid meets the closed end of the buffer cylinder 56, a part of the fluid can radiate and diffuse into the primary separation shell 5 through the plurality of filter holes 57 along the radial direction of the buffer cylinder 56, and the main part of the fluid moves along the buffer cylinder 56 and the docking cylinder 54 in the opposite direction of the fluid, and the fluid movement of the buffer cylinder 56 and the docking cylinder 54 at this time includes two states, one is moving along the normal flow direction, the other is moving along the opposite direction of the normal flow direction after being obstructed by the closed end of the buffer cylinder 56, the mixing movement of the local movement and the reverse movement of the fluid in the output pipeline 7 is removed, and the docking cylinder 54 and the buffer cylinder 56 are the main areas for performing the mixing movement; compared with the traditional pipeline transmission, the invention utilizes the mixing motion of the fluid to increase the stirring amplitude of the fluid in the pipeline, meanwhile, the plurality of guide rings 55 are arranged on the inner wall of the butt-joint barrel 54, the plurality of guide plates 58 are arranged in the buffer barrel 56, the arrangement of the guide rings 55 and the guide plates 58 can reduce the probability of reverse movement of the fluid into the output pipeline 7 to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring that the fluid normally passes through the butt-joint barrel 54 and the plurality of guide rings 55 in the flow direction, and the separation of gas phase and liquid phase in the buffer barrel 56 and the primary separation shell 5 can be quickly realized through the mixing motion so as to reduce the working load of the secondary separation mechanism 4.
Preferably, the inner diameters of the guide rings 55 decrease in the normal moving direction of the fluid, so that the velocity of the fluid decreases when the fluid encounters the closed end of the buffer cylinder 56 to move in the opposite direction, thereby preventing the fluid from being hindered from moving normally after the fluid with an excessively fast velocity enters the output line 7.
In this embodiment, the structure of the guide plate 58 is optimally designed, that is, the guide plate 58 in the shape of an arc is adopted, and the forward projection of the guide plate 58 is a complete circular ring, and a minor arc-shaped notch is formed on the complete circular ring, and the notch faces the upper part of the buffer cylinder 56, so that the inventor utilizes the related influence of the closed end of the buffer cylinder 56 on the flow of fluid, so that the stirring amplitude of the fluid in the buffer cylinder 56 is increased, at this time, the guide plate 58 in the buffer cylinder 56 mainly acts on the same guide plate, and a part of the guide plate 58 above the guide plate performs the same action as the guide plate, so that there is a difference between the upper area and the lower area of the buffer cylinder 56 in the reverse movement of the fluid, that the fluid in the upper area in the buffer cylinder 56 moves in the reverse direction, and the fluid rebounded by the closed end of the buffer cylinder 56 surges toward the upper area, so that the gas separated from the filter holes 57 in the buffer cylinder 56 is mainly concentrated at the upper part of the buffer cylinder 56, and at this time, the gas and liquid are just conveyed to the secondary separation mechanism 4 by the first output pipe 51 and the second output pipe 52, that the buffer shell 5 performs the rapid gas-liquid separation.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the docking cylinder 54 is smaller than the inner diameter of the buffer cylinder 56, so that an annular space is left between the outer wall of the end of the docking cylinder 54 and the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 56, wherein the size of the annular space does not cause large-scale gas-liquid overflow, so that the gas-liquid in the buffer cylinder 56 can escape into the primary separation housing 5, and meanwhile, the purpose of relieving the pressure inside the buffer cylinder 56 and the inside of the docking cylinder 54 is achieved, and the gas-liquid input amount in the buffer cylinder 56 is prevented from being larger than the external displacement amount.
Preferably, the third output pipe 53 is provided with a switch valve 59, and the switch valve 59 is a solenoid valve, which can adjust the flow rate of the gas and liquid entering the secondary separation mechanism 4 from the primary separation mechanism in real time, so as to ensure that each separation mechanism can perform the separation process with the most suitable working load.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, the secondary separation mechanism 4, which is matched with the primary separation mechanism, includes a columnar gas-liquid separation shell 413 and a diffusion tube 48, the upper end of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 is connected with an exhaust pipe 41, and a drain pipe 414 is arranged on the lower side wall of the gas-liquid separation shell 413; an annular flange is arranged on the outer wall of the upper section of the diffusion cylinder 48, the diffusion cylinder 48 is fixedly connected with the inside of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 through the flange, a fixing ring 42 is arranged on the upper end face of the diffusion cylinder 48, a guide cylinder 46 with one open end and the other closed end is arranged in the middle of the fixing ring 42, a plurality of exhaust holes 47 are formed in the upper end face of the fixing ring 42 along the circumferential direction, a plurality of liquid discharge holes 44 communicated with the inside of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 are formed in the outer wall of the lower section of the diffusion cylinder 48, an outer discharge pipe 45 is connected to the bottom of the diffusion cylinder 48, and the lower end of the outer discharge pipe 45 penetrates through the side wall of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 and then is communicated with a first output pipe 51 and a second output pipe 52.
The secondary separation mechanism 4, which is a terminal separation device of the separation process in this embodiment, includes a cylindrical gas-liquid separation housing 413 and a diffusion tube 48 disposed inside the gas-liquid separation housing 413 and functioning as a core separation, wherein the fluid entering the gas-liquid separation housing 413 mainly includes a gas phase and a part of crude oil and water, and the fluid enters the diffusion tube 48 through an external discharge pipe 45;
the specific secondary separation procedure is as follows: the fluid vertically moves upwards into the guide shell 46 along the outer discharge pipe 45, the upper end of the guide shell 46 is closed, so that the fluid is hindered from moving in the vertical direction, the fluid is moved downwards onto the inner wall of the diffusion shell 48 along the inner wall of the guide shell 46 after being reflected, meanwhile, the reflected liquid phase moves to the bottom of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 along the liquid discharge hole 44 on the side wall of the diffusion shell 48 and is discharged outwards through the liquid discharge pipe 414, and the gas phase separated from the liquid phase moves to the top of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 along the plurality of gas discharge holes 47 on the fixing plate and is discharged outwards through the gas discharge pipe 41; the arrangement of the guide cylinder 46 can increase the flowing time of the gas and liquid in unit volume in the diffusion cylinder 48, and the inner diameter of the lower end of the guide cylinder 46 increases gradually downwards along the vertical direction, so that the reflected fluid and the fluid newly entering from the outer discharge pipe 45 can be ensured to be staggered, the gas and liquid can be separated by utilizing the downward movement of the liquid phase with relatively large mass due to the action of gravity, and then the gas phase in the gas-liquid separation shell 413 is ensured to be collected by the exhaust pipe 41 at the upper end of the gas-liquid separation shell, and the liquid phase is collected by the liquid discharge pipe 414 at the lower end of the gas-liquid separation shell.
In this embodiment, a partition plate 410 is disposed in the middle of the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation housing 413, the partition plate 410 divides the inside of the gas-liquid separation housing 413 into a separation chamber and a liquid discharge chamber, a spiral plate 49 is disposed on the inner circumferential wall of the gas-liquid separation housing 413, a plurality of overflow holes 43 are disposed on the upper end surface of the flange along the circumferential direction of the flange, and the forward projection of each overflow hole 43 is mapped on the upper surface of the spiral plate 49; a plurality of draft tubes 411 are arranged on the lower surface of the partition plate 410 along the circumferential direction of the partition plate, and the upper ends of the draft tubes 411 penetrate through the partition plate 410 and are communicated with the separation chamber.
In the liquid phase flowing out from the liquid discharge hole 44, the liquid phase moving down to the lower part of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 is easily influenced by the flow velocity and the flow rate of the fluid in the outer discharge pipe 45, so that a small part of gas phase is mixed in the liquid phase, and the gas pressure in the lower part of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 is prevented from increasing continuously.
Wherein, be provided with a plurality of honeycomb ducts 411 below baffle 410, honeycomb duct 411 can carry the liquid phase that moves down to the flowing back chamber middle part, then utilize its gravity to remove to the flowing back chamber bottom again, a plurality of honeycomb ducts 411 set up along the circumference of baffle 410, and do not be provided with honeycomb duct 411 in baffle 410 middle part, promptly after the whirl that produces through spiral plate 49 passes through a plurality of honeycomb ducts 411, its motion state can slow down fast, avoid the liquid phase to form too big stirring amplitude and influence the outer row of liquid phase in the flowing back chamber.
It should be noted that the present embodiment further includes an overflow pipe 412, the overflow pipe 412 is fixed on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separation shell 413 and is communicated with the upper section of the liquid discharge chamber, and a distance is left between the lower end of the flow guide pipe 411 and the bottom of the liquid discharge chamber. The lower end of the guide pipe 411 is spaced from the bottom of the liquid discharge cavity by a distance which is less than half of the vertical height of the liquid discharge cavity, and the guide pipe 411 can convey the liquid phase moving downwards to the middle of the liquid discharge cavity and then move to the bottom of the liquid discharge cavity by utilizing the gravity of the liquid phase; after the liquid phase in the separation cavity is buffered and adjusted by the partition plate 410 and the guide pipe 411, the liquid phase can enter the liquid discharge cavity at a moderate speed, and the crude oil and the water are layered, so that the crude oil is arranged at the upper part of the liquid discharge cavity, the water is arranged at the lower part of the liquid discharge cavity, namely, the liquid discharge pipe 414 is used for discharging the water, and the overflow pipe 412 is used for discharging the crude oil, thereby increasing the separation efficiency of the whole system.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment further includes an adjusting housing 6 and a gate plate 62, two side walls of the adjusting housing 6 are respectively communicated with the output pipeline 7 and the docking barrel 54, the gate plate 62 movably penetrates through the upper end surface of the adjusting housing 6 and is disposed inside the adjusting housing, a gate hole 61 is disposed in the middle of the gate plate 62, and two side walls of the gate plate 62 are respectively contacted with the end portions of the output pipeline 7 opposite to the docking barrel 54; the bottom of the adjusting shell 6 is provided with a control valve 63, a hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed on the side wall of the adjusting shell 6, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the upper end of the flashboard 62.
By determining the oil gas content in the oil well, the flow rate of the gas-liquid moving in the output pipeline 7 passing through the oil well in unit time can be flexibly adjusted, so that the subsequent primary separation and secondary separation processes can be ensured to carry out separation operation under the maximum working load; during the specific use, utilize the pneumatic cylinder to adjust the height of flashboard 62 in vertical direction, with the control through the gas-liquid flow of brake hole 61, when the adjustment, part gas-liquid can be followed flashboard 62 and a butt joint section of thick bamboo 54, the clearance spills over between output line 7, and flashboard 62 and the tip of a butt joint section of thick bamboo 54, the output of output line 7 all is arranged in confined regulation casing 6, can effectively avoid the gas-liquid to spill over to the external world, it possesses certain storage space to adjust casing 6 inside simultaneously, can store the gas-liquid that spills over from a butt joint section of thick bamboo 54 or output line 7 because of adjusting and collect, outwards discharge through the control valve 63 of adjusting the casing 6 bottom at last.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a gas lift filter equipment suitable for oil gas well exploitation, includes production sleeve pipe (2), oil pipe (9) and packer, is equipped with a plurality of gas lift valves (3) on oil pipe (9) upper segment outer wall, and the packer separates into confined gas lift region with the annular space between oil pipe (9) upper segment and production sleeve pipe (2), and the gas lift region is arranged in to the lower extreme of a plurality of gas injection pipes (8), its characterized in that: the separator also comprises a gravity separator (10), a primary separating mechanism and a secondary separating mechanism (4), wherein the upper end of the oil pipe (9) is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the gravity separator (10), and two liquid outlet ends on the gravity separator (10) are respectively connected with the primary separating mechanism through an output pipeline (7);
the primary separation mechanism comprises a primary separation shell (5), a butt joint cylinder (54) and a buffer cylinder (56) which are communicated with the interior of the primary separation shell are respectively arranged on two side walls of the primary separation shell (5), a first output pipe (51) and a second output pipe (52) are respectively arranged at the upper end of the primary separation shell (5), a third output pipe (53) is arranged at the lower end of the primary separation shell (5), the first output pipe (51) and the second output pipe (52) are respectively communicated with an inlet of the secondary separation mechanism (4), one end of the buffer cylinder (56) is closed, the other end of the buffer cylinder (56) is open, one end of the butt joint cylinder (54) is communicated with an output pipeline (7), the other end of the butt joint cylinder (54) is arranged in the open end of the buffer cylinder (56), a plurality of filter holes (57) are arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the buffer cylinder (56), a plurality of guide plates (58) are arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the buffer cylinder (56) along the axial direction of the buffer cylinder, and a plurality of guide rings (55) which are coaxial with the guide plates (58) are arranged in the butt joint cylinder (54) along the axial direction of the buffer cylinder;
the secondary separation mechanism (4) comprises a columnar gas-liquid separation shell (413) and a diffusion cylinder (48), the upper end of the gas-liquid separation shell (413) is connected with an exhaust pipe (41), and a liquid discharge pipe (414) is arranged on the side wall of the lower section of the gas-liquid separation shell (413);
an annular flange is arranged on the outer wall of the upper section of the diffusion cylinder (48), the diffusion cylinder (48) is fixedly connected with the inside of the gas-liquid separation shell (413) through the flange, a fixing ring (42) is arranged on the upper end face of the diffusion cylinder (48), a guide cylinder (46) with one open end and the other closed end is arranged in the middle of the fixing ring (42), a plurality of exhaust holes (47) are formed in the upper end face of the fixing ring (42) along the circumferential direction of the fixing ring (42), a plurality of liquid discharge holes (44) communicated with the inside of the gas-liquid separation shell (413) are formed in the outer wall of the lower section of the diffusion cylinder (48), an outer discharge pipe (45) is connected to the bottom of the diffusion cylinder (48), and the lower end of the outer discharge pipe (45) penetrates through the side wall of the gas-liquid separation shell (413) and then is communicated with a first output pipe (51) and a second output pipe (52);
a partition plate (410) is arranged in the middle of the inner wall of the gas-liquid separation shell (413), the partition plate (410) divides the interior of the gas-liquid separation shell (413) into a separation cavity and a liquid discharge cavity, a spiral plate (49) is arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the gas-liquid separation shell (413), a plurality of overflow holes (43) are formed in the upper end face of the flange along the circumferential direction of the flange, and the forward projection of each overflow hole (43) is mapped on the upper surface of the spiral plate (49); a plurality of guide pipes (411) are arranged on the lower surface of the baffle plate (410) along the circumferential direction, and the upper ends of the guide pipes (411) penetrate through the baffle plate (410) and then are communicated with the separation cavity.
2. A gas lift filtration unit suitable for use in oil and gas well production according to claim 1 wherein: the inner diameters of the guide rings (55) increase along the axis of the docking barrel (54) towards the direction close to the buffer barrel (56).
3. A gas lift filtration unit suitable for use in oil and gas well production according to claim 2 wherein: the guide plate (58) is in a major arc shape, and a minor arc notch of the guide plate (58) is just opposite to the right upper side of the buffer cylinder (56).
4. A gas lift filtration unit suitable for use in oil and gas well production according to claim 1 wherein: the liquid-gas separation device is characterized by further comprising an overflow pipe (412), wherein the overflow pipe (412) is fixed on the outer wall of the gas-liquid separation shell (413) and communicated with the upper section of the liquid discharge cavity, and a distance is reserved between the lower end of the flow guide pipe (411) and the bottom of the liquid discharge cavity.
5. A gas lift filtration unit suitable for use in oil and gas well production according to claim 1 wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising an adjusting shell (6) and a gate plate (62), wherein two side walls of the adjusting shell (6) are respectively communicated with the output pipeline (7) and the butt joint barrel (54), the gate plate (62) movably penetrates through the upper end face of the adjusting shell (6) and then is arranged in the adjusting shell, a gate hole (61) is formed in the middle of the gate plate (62), and the two side walls of the gate plate (62) are respectively contacted with the opposite end portions of the output pipeline (7) and the butt joint barrel (54); the bottom of the adjusting shell (6) is provided with a control valve (63), a hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed on the side wall of the adjusting shell (6), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the upper end of the flashboard (62).
6. A gas lift filtration unit suitable for use in oil and gas well production according to any one of claims 1~5 wherein: the outer diameter of the butt joint cylinder (54) is smaller than the inner diameter of the buffer cylinder (56).
7. A gas lift filtration unit suitable for use in oil and gas well production according to claim 6 wherein: and a switch valve (59) is arranged in the third output pipe (53).
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| CN202210582749.6A CN114753823B (en) | 2022-05-26 | 2022-05-26 | Gas lift filter equipment suitable for oil gas well exploitation |
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