CN114753765A - Rotary guide mechanism and drilling equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of oil exploration and development and discloses a rotary guide mechanism and drilling equipment. In such a way, the directional drilling purpose is achieved by the embodiment of the invention.

Description

Rotary guide mechanism and drilling equipment

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of oil exploration and development, in particular to a rotary guide mechanism and drilling equipment.

Background

The rotary steering drilling technology is a top-end automatic drilling technology appearing in the 90's of the 20 th century, represents the highest level of development of the drilling technology in the world today, and has become a necessary technology for complex ultra-deep directional wells and large-displacement horizontal wells. Compared with the directional drilling of sliding drilling, the rotary steering drilling technology has the characteristics of sliding and rotating, the control capability of the well track is more accurate, the formed well is smoother than the well drilled by the conventional underground motor steering drilling tool combination, the friction torque and the underground complex condition can be effectively reduced, and the drilling capability is improved.

The inventor of the application discovers in research that the existing rotary guide mechanism often depends on the well wall to perform deflecting steering, has certain requirements on geological environment, is too complex in structure and can cause the structure to bear larger alternating stress, and has the problems of low applicability, complex structure and easy fatigue damage.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a rotary guiding mechanism and a drilling apparatus, which are used to solve the above problems in the prior art.

According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a rotary guide mechanism including: the device comprises a drill collar, a deflection assembly and a drill bit shaft assembly; the deflection assembly comprises a deflection shaft, the deflection shaft is arranged in the drill collar, one end of the deflection shaft is provided with a first motor, the other end of the deflection shaft is provided with an eccentric ring, the axis of the eccentric ring deviates from the axis of the deflection shaft, and the first motor drives the eccentric ring to rotate through the deflection shaft; the drill bit shaft assembly comprises a drill bit shaft and a supporting piece, the drill bit shaft penetrates through the supporting piece, the supporting piece is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar, one end of the drill bit shaft is rotatably arranged in the eccentric ring, and when the first motor drives the deflection shaft to rotate, the drill bit shaft deflects by taking the supporting piece as a fulcrum; when the drill bit shaft rotates along a first direction, the first motor drives the eccentric ring to rotate along a second direction through the deflection shaft, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction, so that the drill bit shaft keeps a preset deflection direction.

According to the technical scheme, one end of the drill bit shaft is arranged in the eccentric ring, the drill bit shaft penetrates through the supporting piece, the drill bit shaft takes the supporting piece as a fulcrum, the offset of the drill bit shaft is achieved, and the structure is relatively simple. Meanwhile, the deflection shaft drives the eccentric ring to rotate, and when the rotation direction of the eccentric ring is opposite to that of the drill bit shaft, the offset direction of the drill bit shaft is controllable, and controllability is improved. The drill bit shaft is driven by the deflection assembly to deviate the axis, and the pushing by the well wall is not needed, so that the applicability of the rotary guide mechanism is improved.

In an optional mode, a first groove is formed in an end face, away from the first motor, of the deflection shaft, and the eccentric ring is arranged in the first groove; the inner surface of the first groove is provided with a second groove along the axial direction of the deflection shaft, the outer surface of the eccentric ring is provided with a positioning key, the positioning key is matched with the second groove and used for fixing the eccentric ring and the deflection shaft relatively, the eccentric ring is assembled in the first groove of the deflection shaft, the operation of the eccentric ring is more stable, the eccentric ring is not easy to fall off, the positioning key is used for fixing the eccentric ring and the deflection shaft relatively, and the deflection shaft can transmit torque to the eccentric ring through the positioning key to drive the eccentric ring to rotate.

In an optional mode, a clamp spring groove is formed in the inner surface of the first groove, a clamp spring is arranged in the clamp spring groove, and the clamp spring is used for clamping the eccentric ring in the first groove. Set up jump ring groove and jump ring in first recess, can press the eccentric ring tightly in first recess, make it can not the axial activity drop, ensured stability. The fixing mode of jump ring groove and jump ring makes the eccentric ring can dismantle the change after taking out the jump ring, has improved the suitability.

In an optional mode, the deflection assembly further includes a first bearing and a second bearing, the first bearing is disposed on the inner wall of the drill collar and sleeved on one end of the deflection shaft close to the eccentric ring, and the second bearing is disposed on the inner wall of the drill collar and sleeved on the other end of the deflection shaft. The end, close to the eccentric ring, of the deflection shaft is sleeved with the first bearing, the other end of the deflection shaft is provided with the second bearing, the deflection shaft is enabled to achieve the effect of stable support in the drill collar through the first bearing and the second bearing, when the deflection shaft rotates, the first bearing and the second bearing ensure that the deflection shaft cannot swing in the drill collar, the friction force between the deflection shaft and the drill collar is reduced, and the deflection shaft can rotate in the opposite direction to the drill collar.

In an optional manner, the deflection assembly further includes a mass compensation cylinder, the mass compensation cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the deflection shaft, and the mass compensation cylinder has a first mass block and a second mass block, and the mass of the first mass block is different from that of the second mass block, so as to offset the eccentric moment between the drill bit shaft and the deflection shaft. The mass compensation cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the deflection shaft, and because the mass compensation cylinder is provided with two mass blocks with different masses, when the deflection shaft drives the mass compensation cylinder to rotate, eccentric torque can be generated, so that the mass compensation cylinder can offset the eccentric torque between the drill bit shaft and the deflection shaft.

In an optional mode, an upper thrust ring and a lower thrust ring are arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar, a pressure portion and a tension portion are arranged on the drill bit shaft, the upper thrust ring is abutted to the pressure portion and used for transmitting drilling pressure to the drill bit through the drill bit shaft, the lower thrust ring is abutted to the tension portion and used for transmitting tension to the drill bit through the drill bit shaft, the abutting position of the upper thrust ring and the pressure portion is an arc surface, and the abutting position of the lower thrust ring and the tension portion is an arc surface. Through setting up thrust collar and lower thrust collar, through adopting cambered surface structure, can not influence the biasing of drill bit when making the transmission weight on bit and pulling force.

In an optional mode, the support member includes an outer ring and a torsion ball, the outer ring is disposed on the inner wall of the drill collar, a fifth groove is disposed on the inner wall of the outer ring, a sixth groove is disposed on the drill bit shaft, the torsion ball is disposed between the fifth groove and the sixth groove, and is used for relatively disposing the outer ring and the inner ring, and when the drill collar rotates, the support member drives the drill bit shaft to rotate. The drill collar is characterized in that a sixth groove is formed in the drill shaft, a fifth groove is formed in the inner wall of the outer ring, the outer ring is sleeved on the drill shaft, and the torsion ball is arranged between the fifth groove and the sixth groove, so that the outer ring can transmit the torsion to the drill shaft through the torsion ball.

In an optional mode, the drill bit shaft assembly further comprises a third bearing, the third bearing is arranged in the eccentric ring, and one end of the drill bit shaft is rotatably connected with the eccentric ring through the third bearing. Through the mode that one end of messenger's drill bit axle is connected with the rotation of eccentric ring through the third bearing, when the drill bit axle rotates, in order to make the drill bit axle keep the direction of predetermineeing the deflection, the eccentric ring will rotate opposite direction with the drill bit axle, and the third bearing has ensured that the drill bit axle can rotate with the eccentric ring antiport, has reduced the frictional force between drill bit axle and eccentric ring, makes the eccentric ring be difficult for by the wearing and tearing of drill bit axle, has improved life.

In an alternative form, the third bearing is a double row cylindrical roller bearing. The friction between the eccentric ring and the drill bit shaft is reduced by using the double-row cylindrical roller bearing, and the structure is not easy to wear when the drill bit shaft and the eccentric ring rotate in opposite directions.

According to another aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a drilling apparatus comprising: the rotary guide mechanism as described in the above embodiments. By using the rotary guide mechanism in the embodiment, the technical effects of simple structure, stable operation and easy control are achieved.

According to the embodiment of the invention, by using the drilling equipment matched with the rotary guide mechanism, when deviation guide is required in the drilling process, the eccentric ring is driven to rotate by the deflection shaft, so that the drill bit shaft deflects by taking the supporting piece as a fulcrum. When the drill bit shaft rotates along the first direction, the eccentric ring rotates along the second direction opposite to the first direction, so that the drill bit shaft keeps a preset deflection direction by taking the supporting piece as a fulcrum, and the deflecting guide of the drilling equipment is realized without depending on external force action such as a well wall and the like. The rotary guide mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application has a simple structure, is convenient to operate, and is particularly beneficial to stable operation and control of the drilling equipment.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a rotary guide mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a deflection assembly configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3a is a cross-sectional view of the bottom of an eccentric ring provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3b illustrates a cross-sectional view of an eccentric ring configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a bit shaft assembly configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view illustrating the assembly of an eccentric ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 illustrates a bottom cross-sectional view of a support provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

the reference numbers in the detailed description are as follows:

1. a drill collar;

11. an upper thrust ring, 12, a lower thrust ring;

2. a deflection assembly;

21. the mass compensation device comprises a deflection shaft 22, a first motor 23, an eccentric ring 24, a first bearing 25, a second bearing 26 and a mass compensation cylinder;

211. a first groove 212, a second groove 213, a positioning key 214, a clamp spring groove 215 and a clamp spring;

3. a bit shaft assembly;

31. a bit shaft, 32, a support, 33, a bit, 34, a third bearing, 35, a pressure part, 36, a tension part;

317. a sixth groove;

321. inner ring, 322, outer ring, 323, torsion ball, 324, third groove, 325, fourth groove, 326, fifth groove.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are merely used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing different objects, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order, or primary-secondary relationship of the technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: there are three cases of A, both A and B, and B. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" refers to two or more (including two), and "plural pieces" refers to two or more (including two).

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the directions or positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the embodiments of the present application and for simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; mechanical connection or electrical connection is also possible; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

In oil drilling operation, when the drilling equipment needs to be steered underground to achieve the purpose of directional drilling, a rotary steering mechanism is installed in the drilling equipment to steer a drill bit. The rotary guide mechanism can be divided into two types according to the guide principle: push-against rotary steering and point-wise rotary steering. The push-type rotary guide mechanism carries out deflecting guide by depending on lateral component force generated by pushing against the well wall, has the defect of over dependence on the well wall and geological environment, and the deflecting rate of the push-type rotary guide mechanism can be influenced when the stratum is soft and the well wall can not provide enough supporting force for the push-type rotary guide mechanism. The directional rotary steering mechanism enables the drill bit to form an inclination angle to realize the deflecting and steering effect by arranging the biasing mechanism in the directional rotary steering mechanism, and can stably perform steering drilling independent of a well wall and a geological environment. The existing directional rotary guide mechanism still has the defects of complex structure and insufficient stability. In order to reduce the risk possibly occurring in the drilling operation, the operation of the drilling equipment is more stable, the structure is simpler, the operation is more convenient, and how to improve the stability of the rotary guide mechanism to the maximum extent and reduce the complexity of the structure is particularly important.

The inventor of the present application notices that, when the prior art realizes the deflecting guide, if the mode of bending the drill bit shaft or the deflecting shaft is adopted, the structure can bear the alternating stress with high strength, the risk of fatigue damage of the rotary guide mechanism is easy to occur, if the drill bit shaft or the deflecting shaft is not bent, the structure is more complex, and the assembling and the maintenance of the production of equipment components are not facilitated.

In order to solve the above problems, the inventors have studied and designed a rotary guide mechanism having an eccentric ring, which is rotated by a deflection shaft, adjusts a deflection direction, and fits a bit shaft in the eccentric ring, so that the eccentric ring drives the bit shaft to be offset. In the drilling process, the drill bit shaft and the eccentric ring rotate in opposite directions, the drill bit shaft is kept in a preset deflection direction, the deflecting guide of drilling equipment is realized, the structure of the rotary guide mechanism is simpler, and the stability is improved.

In the embodiment of the application, the deflection assembly and the drill bit shaft assembly are arranged in the drill collar of the drilling equipment, one end of the drill bit shaft in the drill bit shaft assembly is arranged in the eccentric ring at one end of the deflection shaft in the deflection assembly, and the drill bit shaft can be biased by taking the supporting piece as a fulcrum because the axis of the eccentric ring is deviated from the axis of the deflection shaft. When drilling equipment needs to be subjected to deflecting and guiding, the rotation of the eccentric ring is controlled through the deflecting shaft, and then the deflecting direction of the drill bit shaft is adjusted. When the drill bit works, the drill bit shaft rotates along a first direction, and the eccentric ring rotates along a second direction opposite to the first direction, so that the drill bit shaft keeps a preset deflection direction, and the deflecting guide of the drilling equipment is realized. Drive the eccentric collar through the deflection axle and rotate, the one end setting of drill bit axle makes drilling equipment realize the syncline direction in the intra-annular mode of eccentric collar, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, when needs make drilling equipment have different deflection angle, only need can change drilling equipment's deflection angle through changing the eccentric collar, the assembly and the maintenance of the equipment of being convenient for, and drill bit axle and deflection axle all need not be crooked, can not bear great alternating stress, the difficult fatigue damage of structure, make rotary steering mechanism's function more stable.

The rotary steering mechanism disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used for operations such as drilling, cementing, testing, completing, injecting water, downhole, etc., but not limited thereto, and can also be applied to any other scenario requiring rotary steering.

Referring to fig. 1, according to some embodiments of the present application, fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a rotary steerable mechanism proposed in an embodiment of the present application, which provides a rotary steerable mechanism including a drill collar 1, a yaw assembly 2, and a bit shaft assembly 3. The deflection assembly 2 comprises a deflection shaft 21, the deflection shaft 21 is arranged in the drill collar 1, one end of the deflection shaft 21 is provided with a first motor 22, the other end of the deflection shaft 21 is provided with an eccentric ring 23, the axis of the eccentric ring 23 deviates from the axis of the deflection shaft 21, and the first motor 22 drives the eccentric ring 23 to rotate through the deflection shaft 21. The drill bit shaft assembly 3 comprises a drill bit shaft 31 and a support member 32, the drill bit shaft 31 penetrates through the support member 32, the support member 32 is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar 1, one end of the drill bit shaft 31 is rotatably arranged in the eccentric ring 23, and when the first motor 22 drives the eccentric ring 23 to rotate, the drill bit shaft 31 deflects by taking the support member 32 as a fulcrum. When the bit shaft 31 rotates in a first direction, the eccentric ring 23 is driven by the first motor 22 via the deflection shaft 21 to rotate in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction, so as to maintain the bit shaft 31 in a predetermined deflection direction.

As shown in fig. 1, a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of a rotary steering mechanism proposed in the embodiment of the present application is shown, the rotary steering mechanism includes a drill collar 1, a deflection assembly 2 and a drill bit shaft assembly 3, the drill collar 1 is sleeved outside the deflection assembly 2 and the drill bit shaft assembly 3, one end of the drill collar 1 can be connected with a downhole tubular column to form an external whole of a drilling apparatus together, so as to transmit weight, torque and tension to a drill bit 33.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a structure of a deflection assembly 2 provided in an embodiment of the present application, the deflection assembly 2 includes a deflection shaft 21, a first motor 22 is disposed at one end of the deflection shaft 21, and the first motor 22 is used for driving the deflection shaft 21 to rotate. The first motor 22 may be another power source according to actual needs, and this embodiment is not particularly limited in this respect. Since the deflecting shaft 21 needs sufficient torque transmission capacity, the deflecting shaft 21 should be made of a hard material, such as a metal material, so as to ensure that the deflecting shaft 21 is not easily twisted and broken when being driven to rotate by the first motor 22.

As shown in fig. 2, the eccentric ring 23 is disposed at one end of the deflecting shaft 21 far from the first motor 22, as shown in fig. 3a and 3b, fig. 3a shows a sectional view of the bottom of the eccentric ring 23, fig. 3b shows a sectional view of the eccentric ring 23, the eccentric ring 23 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the axis of the inner through hole thereof forms an angle with the axis of the deflecting shaft 21, referring to fig. 1, when the first motor 22 drives the deflecting shaft 21 to rotate, the deflecting shaft 21 drives the eccentric ring 23 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, fig. 4 shows a structural cross-sectional view of a drill spindle assembly 3 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the drill spindle assembly 3 includes a drill spindle 31 and a support member 32, one end of the drill spindle 31 is provided with a drill bit 33, the other end is rotatably disposed in the eccentric ring 23, the drill spindle 31 passes through the support member 32, the support member 32 is fixedly disposed on an inner wall of the drill collar 1, and the drill spindle 31 can drive the drill bit 33 to circumferentially swing with the support member 32 as a fulcrum. When the drill collar 1 rotates, the support member 32 transmits the torque of the drill collar 1 to the drill shaft 31, the drill collar 1 drives the drill shaft 31 to rotate through the support member 32, and when the drill shaft 31 rotates, the drill bit 33 is driven to rotate. When one end of the drill bit shaft 31 is inserted into the eccentric ring 23, the axis of the drill bit shaft 31 is consistent with the axis of the through hole in the eccentric ring 23, and at the moment, the axis of the drill bit shaft 31 forms an angle with the axis of the deflection shaft 21, so that the offset of the drill bit shaft 31 is realized. According to the actual situation, the offset angle of the drill bit shaft 31 can be adjusted by replacing the eccentric ring 23 with different axial offset angles, so that the control of the deflecting angle of the drilling equipment is realized.

This application embodiment drives the deflection axle through first motor and rotates, and the deflection axle drives the eccentric ring and rotates, controls the rotation of eccentric ring, makes drill bit axle 31 can realize deflecting. When the deviation guide is realized by deflecting the drill bit shaft 31, the drill collar 1 rotates in a first direction, the support 32 drives the drill bit shaft 31 to rotate, the drill bit shaft 31 drives the drill bit 33 to rotate, the drilling equipment can drill forward, the first motor 22 drives the eccentric ring 23 to rotate in a second direction through the deflecting shaft 21, the first direction is opposite to the second direction, the eccentric ring 23 applies a torque which forms an angle with the axis of the drill collar 1 to one end of the drill bit shaft 31 to deflect the drill bit shaft 31, when the rotating speeds of the drill bit shaft 31 and the eccentric ring 23 are consistent, the eccentric ring 23 keeps static in the circumferential direction relative to the ground, the eccentric direction of the eccentric ring 23 keeps unchanged, the drill bit shaft 31 rotates in the eccentric ring 23 under the driving of the drill collar 1, the ground inclination direction of the drill bit shaft 31 is unchanged, and the deviation guide of the drilling equipment is realized. The structure that this application embodiment adopted is comparatively simple, has reduced the part production degree of difficulty and part fault rate, has higher stability, according to different operation needs, only needs can realize different deflection angles through changing eccentric ring 23, and the operation is simple and easy convenient, has promoted operating efficiency and suitability. When the direction of the drilling equipment needs to be controlled on the well, the first motor 22 is controlled to drive the deflection shaft 21 to rotate, the deflection direction of the eccentric ring 23 is adjusted, and therefore the direction of the drill bit shaft 31 is adjusted. When the drill bit shaft 31 faces the correct direction, the rotating speed of the first motor 22 is consistent with the rotating speed of the drill collar 1, and the directions are opposite, so that the deflection direction of the drill bit shaft 31 is kept unchanged, the drilling direction of the drill bit 33 is conveniently adjusted, the operation mode is convenient and stable, and the controllability is high.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows a sectional view of an assembled eccentric ring 23 according to some embodiments of the present application, wherein a first groove 211 is formed on an end surface of the deflection shaft 21 away from the first motor 22, and the eccentric ring 23 is disposed in the first groove 211. The inner surface of the first groove 211 is provided with a second groove 212 along the axial direction of the deflection shaft 21, the outer surface of the eccentric ring 23 is provided with a positioning key 213, and the positioning key 213 is matched with the second groove 212 for fixing the eccentric ring 23 and the deflection shaft 21 relatively.

In order to fix the eccentric ring 23 relative to the pivot shaft 21, in the present embodiment, a first groove 211 is formed by recessing the end surface of the pivot shaft 21 away from the first motor 22, and the eccentric ring 23 is disposed in the first groove 211, so that the eccentric ring 23 can be embedded in one end of the pivot shaft 21. Meanwhile, in order to fix the deflecting shaft 21 and the eccentric ring 23 relatively, a second groove 212 is provided on the inner surface of the first groove 211 in the axial direction of the deflecting shaft 21, and a positioning key 213 is fixedly provided on the outer surface of the eccentric ring 23, and when the eccentric ring 23 is attached, the positioning key 213 is engaged with the second groove 212, and the positioning key 213 is axially movable in the second groove 212 to restrict the circumferential rotation of the eccentric ring 23 in the first groove 211. Since the positioning key 213 needs to receive the torque from the deflection shaft 21 to transmit the torque to the eccentric ring 23, in order to prevent the positioning key 213 from breaking and causing a failure, the positioning key 213 should be made of a material having a certain hardness, such as a metal material. The positioning key 213 and the eccentric ring 23 may be connected by a screw connection, a welding or a clamping connection, or the positioning key 213 and the eccentric ring 23 may be integrally formed, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The eccentric ring 23 and the deflection shaft 21 are relatively fixed in the rotation direction by providing a positioning key 213 on the outer surface of the eccentric ring 23, providing a first groove 211 on the end surface of the deflection shaft 21 far away from the first motor 22, and providing a second groove 212 on the inner surface of the first groove 211 along the axial direction of the deflection shaft 21. When the deflection shaft 21 rotates, the positioning key 213 cooperates with the second groove 212 to transmit the torque of the deflection shaft 21 to the eccentric ring 23, so that the eccentric ring 23 rotates synchronously with the deflection shaft 21. Because the mode that the positioning key 213 is combined with the second groove 212 is adopted, during assembly, the positioning key 213 on the outer surface of the eccentric ring 23 corresponds to the second groove 212, and then the eccentric ring 23 is pressed into the first groove 211 on the deflection shaft 21, so that the eccentric ring 23 is simply and quickly assembled, has the characteristics of being replaceable and easy to disassemble, and improves the applicability.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 5, the first recess 211 is provided with a snap spring groove 214 on an inner surface thereof, and a snap spring 215 is disposed in the snap spring groove 214, and the snap spring 215 is used for snapping the eccentric ring 23 in the first recess 211.

A snap spring groove 214 is formed in the inner surface of the first groove 211 on the end surface of the deflection shaft 21 far from the end of the first motor 22, and a snap spring 215 is disposed in the snap spring groove 214 and used for clamping the eccentric ring 23 in the first groove 211, so that the eccentric ring 23 cannot be disengaged from the first groove 211. The eccentric ring 23 can be fixed in the first groove 211 by other methods, for example, by using a threaded connection or a magnetic attraction method, and it is only necessary to ensure that the eccentric ring 23 does not fall off from the first groove 211 in the operation process.

Through the mode that set up jump ring groove 214 in first recess 211 internal surface, set up jump ring 215 in jump ring groove 214, jump ring 215 and eccentric ring 23 butt, make eccentric ring 23 not break away from first recess 211 accidentally and cause the trouble in the operation process. The clamp spring 215 can be taken out of the clamp spring groove 214, and when the eccentric ring 23 needs to be replaced, the clamp spring 215 is taken out of the clamp spring groove 214, so that the eccentric ring 23 can be separated from the first groove 211, the eccentric ring 23 is replaced, replacement and maintenance of parts are simpler, and improvement of applicability and operation timeliness are facilitated.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 2, the yaw assembly 2 further comprises a first bearing 24 and a second bearing 25, the first bearing 24 being disposed on the inner wall of the drill collar 1 and sleeved on the yaw axis 21 near one end of the eccentric ring 23, and the second bearing 25 being disposed on the inner wall of the drill collar 1 and sleeved on the other end of the yaw axis 21.

A first bearing 24 and a second bearing 25 are arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar 1, the first bearing 24 is sleeved on one end, close to the eccentric ring 23, of the deflection shaft 21, the second bearing 25 is sleeved on the other end of the deflection shaft 21, and the first bearing 24 and the second bearing 25 enable the deflection shaft 21 to reduce friction in the process of rotating relative to the drill collar 1 and enable the axis of the deflection shaft 21 to coincide with the axis of the drill collar 1.

By providing the first bearing 24 and the second bearing 25, when the drill collar 1 and the yaw axis 21 rotate in opposite directions, the friction between the drill collar 1 and the yaw axis 21 is reduced, and the speed of wear of the components is reduced. Meanwhile, when the deflection shaft 21 drives the eccentric ring 23 to deflect the drill shaft 31, the eccentric ring 23 makes the axis of the drill shaft 31 inconsistent with the axis of the deflection shaft 21, so that an eccentric moment is generated, the deflection shaft 21 may deflect in the drill collar 1 and rub against the inner wall of the drill collar 1, and a fault occurs, the first bearing 24 and the second bearing 25 are arranged, so that the axis of the deflection shaft 21 is consistent with the axis of the drill collar 1, namely the deflection shaft 21 is always positioned at the central part of the drill collar 1, the deflection shaft 21 is supported, the stability of the deflection shaft 21 during operation is improved, and the service life of components is prolonged.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 2, the deflection assembly 2 further comprises a mass compensation cylinder 26, the mass compensation cylinder 26 being fixedly secured to the deflection shaft 21, the mass compensation cylinder 26 having a first mass and a second mass, the first and second masses being of different masses for counteracting an eccentric moment between the bit axis 31 and the deflection shaft 21.

A mass compensation cylinder 26 is fixedly attached to the deflection shaft 21, the mass compensation cylinder 26 having a first mass and a second mass, the first mass being different from the second mass. When the deflection shaft 21 rotates, an eccentric moment is generated due to the different masses of the first and second masses to counteract the eccentric moment between the drill bit shaft 31 and the deflection shaft 21. Different mass compensation methods may be used to counteract the eccentric moment between the bit axis 31 and the yaw axis 21, and this embodiment is not limited in particular.

By fixedly sleeving the mass compensation cylinder 26 on the deflection shaft 21, when the deflection shaft 21 drives the drill bit shaft 31 to deflect to generate an eccentric moment, the deflection shaft 21 drives the mass compensation cylinder 26 to rotate to generate a corresponding eccentric moment in the opposite direction, so that the eccentric moment generated by the deflection shaft 21 driving the drill bit shaft 31 to deflect is offset, the stable operation of the deflection shaft 21 is maintained, the normal operation of the deflection assembly 2 is ensured, and the stability is improved.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 1, an upper thrust collar 11 and a lower thrust collar 12 are disposed on an inner wall of a drill collar 1, a pressure portion 35 and a tension portion 36 are disposed on a drill shaft 31, the upper thrust collar 11 abuts against the pressure portion 35 for transmitting a drill pressure to a drill bit 33 through the drill shaft 31, the lower thrust collar 12 abuts against the tension portion 36 for transmitting a tension to the drill bit 33 through the drill shaft 31, an abutting portion of the upper thrust collar 11 and the pressure portion 35 is an arc surface, and an abutting portion of the lower thrust collar 12 and the tension portion 36 is an arc surface.

An upper thrust ring 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar 1, the upper thrust ring 11 is in contact with a pressure part 35 arranged on a drill bit shaft 31, the contact part of the upper thrust ring 11 and the pressure part 35 is an arc surface, a lower thrust ring 12 is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar 1, the lower thrust ring 12 is in contact with a tension part 36 arranged on the drill bit shaft 31, and the contact part of the lower thrust ring 12 and the tension part 36 is an arc surface.

The upper thrust ring 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar 1, so that the upper thrust ring 11 is abutted against the pressure part 35 arranged on the drill bit shaft 31, when the drill bit 33 rotates, enough drill pressure needs to be provided to enable the drill bit 33 to normally drill underground, the upper thrust ring 11 can transmit the drill pressure provided by the drill collar 1 to the drill bit shaft 31 through the pressure part 35, the drill bit shaft 31 transmits the drill pressure to the drill bit 33, and the transmission of the drill pressure from the drill collar 1 to the drill bit 33 is realized. By arranging the lower thrust ring 12 on the inner wall of the drill collar 1 and making the lower thrust ring 12 contact with the tension part 36 arranged on the drill bit shaft 31, when the drill bit 33 needs to be pulled up from the underground for recovery or replacement, the lower thrust ring 12 can transmit the pulling force to the drill bit shaft 31 through the tension part 36, and the drill bit shaft 31 transmits the pulling force to the drill bit 33, so that the drill bit 33 is pulled up. The abutting part of the upper thrust ring 11 and the pressure part 35 is an arc surface, and the abutting part of the lower thrust ring 12 and the tension part 36 is an arc surface, so that the upper thrust ring 11 and the lower thrust ring 12 can not influence the offset of the bit shaft 31 when the transmission of the bit pressure and the tension is realized, the abrasion is reduced, and the durability and the stability of the equipment are improved.

Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows a bottom cross-sectional view of a support 32 according to some embodiments of the present application, the support 32 includes an outer ring 322 and a torsion ball 323, the outer ring 322 is disposed on an inner wall of the drill collar 1, and a fifth groove 326 is disposed on an inner wall of the outer ring 322. The bit shaft 31 is provided with a sixth groove 317, and a torsion ball 323 is arranged between the fifth groove 326 and the sixth groove 317, and is used for arranging the outer ring 322 and the sixth groove 317 oppositely, so that when the drill collar 1 rotates, the support 32 drives the bit shaft 31 to rotate.

An outer ring 322 is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar 1, a fifth groove 326 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer ring 322, a sixth groove 317 is arranged on the drill bit shaft 31, and the fifth groove 326 and the sixth groove 317 are arranged oppositely, so that the torsion ball 323 is arranged between the fifth groove 326 and the sixth groove 317. In order to allow the support 32 to transmit torque, the outer ring 322 should be fixed to the drill collar 1, so that the outer ring 322 can be driven by the drill collar 1 to rotate. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the support 32 from being broken by accident during the transmission of the torque to cause malfunction, the outer ring 322 and the torsion ball 323 should be made of a material having a certain hardness, such as a metal material.

The outer ring 322 is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar 1, the fifth groove 326 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer ring 322, the sixth groove 317 is arranged on the drill spindle 31, the torsion ball 323 is arranged between the fifth groove 326 and the sixth groove 317, when the drill collar 1 rotates, the outer ring 322 arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar 1 transmits the rotation torque of the drill collar 1 to the torsion ball 323, the drill spindle 31 is driven to rotate through the torsion ball 323, and the effect that the support 32 transmits the torque of the drill collar 1 to the drill spindle 31 is achieved. Through directly setting up sixth recess 317 on the drill bit axle 31, the mode that drill collar 1 directly drives drill bit axle 31 through outer loop 322 and torsion ball 323 and rotates makes the part structure simpler, is convenient for production and assembly, has shortened the part assemble duration, has reduced manufacturing cost.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 4, the bit shaft assembly 3 further comprises a third bearing 34, the third bearing 34 is disposed inside the eccentric ring 23, and one end of the bit shaft 31 is rotatably connected with the eccentric ring 23 through the third bearing 34.

The end of the drill bit shaft 31 far away from the drill bit 33 is sleeved with a third bearing 34, the third bearing 34 is arranged in the eccentric ring 23, and the end of the drill bit shaft 31 far away from the drill bit 33 is rotatably connected with the eccentric ring 23 through the third bearing 34. The third bearing 34 serves to reduce wear of the components of the bit shaft 31 and the eccentric ring 23 when they rotate in opposite directions.

The third bearing 34 is sleeved at one end, far away from the drill bit 33, of the drill bit shaft 31, the third bearing 34 is arranged in the eccentric ring 23, one end of the drill bit shaft 31 is rotatably connected with the eccentric ring 23 through the third bearing 34, and when the drill bit shaft 31 and the eccentric ring 23 rotate in opposite directions, abrasion among components can be reduced, and the drill bit shaft 31 and the eccentric ring 23 can rotate more smoothly.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the third bearing 34 is a cylindrical roller bearing.

And a third bearing 34 is sleeved at one end of the drill bit shaft 31 far away from the drill bit 33, the third bearing 34 is arranged in the eccentric ring 23, and the third bearing 34 is a cylindrical roller bearing.

Because cylindrical roller bearing radial load ability is big, bears heavy load and impact load ability reinforce to be applicable to high-speed rotatory, effectively improved the stability of being connected of eccentric ring 23 and drill bit axle 31, the intensity of the in-process ability better assurance structure of realizing deflecting at eccentric ring 23 for drill bit axle 31, and applicable higher rotational speed, promoted structure suitability and stability.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 1 and 2, and with further reference to fig. 4, there is also provided a drilling apparatus comprising a rotary steerable mechanism as described in the embodiments above.

The drill collar 1, the deflection assembly 2 and the drill bit shaft assembly 3 jointly form a rotary guide mechanism, when underground deviation guide needs to be carried out, the drill collar 1 rotates along a first direction, the drill collar 1 drives the drill bit shaft 31 to rotate through the support piece 32, at the moment, one end of the drill bit shaft 31 is connected with the eccentric ring 23 through the third bearing 34, the axis of the eccentric ring 23 is inconsistent with the axis of the drill collar 1, the drill bit shaft 31 deflects in the drill collar 1 by taking the support piece 32 as a fulcrum, and therefore the drilling direction of a drill bit 33 at one end of the drill bit shaft 31 is changed. The first motor 22 drives the deflection shaft 21 to rotate along the second direction, the deflection shaft 21 drives the eccentric ring 23 to rotate, the first direction is opposite to the second direction, the angle of the drill bit shaft 31 relative to the drill collar 1 is unchanged, the drill bit 33 is fixed in the opposite direction, and the deflecting guide effect of the rotary guide mechanism is realized.

The rotary guide mechanism is matched with the drilling equipment for use, the rotating speed of the first motor 22 can be adjusted in real time through aboveground personnel, the effect of changing the drilling direction of the drilling equipment in real time is achieved, the control is convenient and simple, the rotary guide mechanism is simple in structure and convenient to produce, the key components are convenient to assemble and replace, the components of different specifications can be selected according to actual conditions to adapt to various operation requirements, the applicability is high, and the rotary guide mechanism is particularly favorable for improving the operation efficiency and guaranteeing the operation stability.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; these modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present application, and they should be construed as being included in the scope of the claims and description of the present application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein but is to cover all embodiments that may fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A rotary guide mechanism is characterized by comprising a drill collar, a deflection assembly and a drill bit shaft assembly;

the deflection assembly comprises a deflection shaft, the deflection shaft is arranged in the drill collar, one end of the deflection shaft is provided with a first motor, the other end of the deflection shaft is provided with an eccentric ring, the axis of the eccentric ring deviates from the axis of the deflection shaft, and the first motor drives the eccentric ring to rotate through the deflection shaft;

the drill bit shaft assembly comprises a drill bit shaft and a supporting piece, the drill bit shaft penetrates through the supporting piece, the supporting piece is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar, one end of the drill bit shaft is rotatably arranged in the eccentric ring, and when the first motor drives the eccentric ring to rotate, the drill bit shaft deflects by taking the supporting piece as a fulcrum;

when the drill bit shaft rotates along a first direction, the first motor drives the eccentric ring to rotate along a second direction through the deflection shaft, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction, so that the drill bit shaft keeps a preset deflection direction.

2. The rotary guide mechanism of claim 1,

a first groove is formed in the end face, far away from the first motor, of the deflection shaft, and the eccentric ring is arranged in the first groove;

the inner surface of the first groove is provided with a second groove along the axial direction of the deflection shaft, the outer surface of the eccentric ring is provided with a positioning key, and the positioning key is matched with the second groove to relatively fix the eccentric ring and the deflection shaft.

3. The rotary guide mechanism of claim 2,

the inner surface of the first groove is provided with a clamp spring groove, a clamp spring is arranged in the clamp spring groove, and the clamp spring is used for clamping the eccentric ring in the first groove.

4. The rotary guide mechanism of claim 1,

the deflection assembly further comprises a first bearing and a second bearing, the first bearing is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar and is sleeved on one end, close to the eccentric ring, of the deflection shaft, and the second bearing is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar and is sleeved on the other end of the deflection shaft.

5. The rotary guide mechanism of claim 1,

the deflection assembly further comprises a mass compensation cylinder which is fixedly sleeved on the deflection shaft, the mass compensation cylinder is provided with a first mass block and a second mass block, and the mass of the first mass block is different from that of the second mass block and is used for offsetting the eccentric moment between the drill bit shaft and the deflection shaft.

6. The rotary guide mechanism of claim 1,

the inner wall of the drill collar is provided with an upper thrust ring and a lower thrust ring, the drill bit shaft is provided with a pressure part and a tension part, the upper thrust ring is abutted against the pressure part and used for transmitting drilling pressure to the drill bit through the drill bit shaft, and the lower thrust ring is abutted against the tension part and used for transmitting tension to the drill bit through the drill bit shaft;

the upper thrust ring is connected with the pressure part in a butting mode, and the lower thrust ring is connected with the tension part in a butting mode.

7. The rotary guide mechanism of claim 1,

the supporting piece comprises an outer ring and a torsion ball, the outer ring is arranged on the inner wall of the drill collar, and a fifth groove is formed in the inner wall of the outer ring;

the drill bit shaft is provided with a sixth groove, the torsion ball is arranged between the fifth groove and the sixth groove and used for enabling the outer ring and the sixth groove to be arranged oppositely, and when the drill collar rotates, the support piece drives the drill bit shaft to rotate.

8. The rotary guide mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7,

the drill bit shaft assembly further comprises a third bearing, the third bearing is arranged in the eccentric ring, and one end of the drill bit shaft is rotatably connected with the eccentric ring through the third bearing.

9. The rotary guide mechanism of claim 8,

the third bearing is a cylindrical roller bearing.

10. A drilling apparatus, comprising: the rotary guide mechanism of any one of claims 1-9.

Images