CN114752753A - Furnace temperature setting method suitable for H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace - Google Patents

Furnace temperature setting method suitable for H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace Download PDF

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CN114752753A
CN114752753A CN202210426936.5A CN202210426936A CN114752753A CN 114752753 A CN114752753 A CN 114752753A CN 202210426936 A CN202210426936 A CN 202210426936A CN 114752753 A CN114752753 A CN 114752753A
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temperature
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严天
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Zhejiang Youran Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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Abstract

The invention discloses a furnace temperature setting method suitable for an H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace, which comprises the following steps: establishing grid coordinates suitable for the H-shaped steel billets, and calculating the temperature distribution of the H-shaped steel billets in the heating furnace through an H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model; calculating a proper temperature set value of each combustion control section of the heating furnace through a dynamic furnace temperature setting model; the specific method for building the H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model comprises the following steps: carrying out joint geometric unbalanced node division on the H-shaped steel billet; determining the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet; determining the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet; and determining the surface heat absorption characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet. The furnace temperature setting method suitable for the H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace realizes the calculation of all the steel billet temperatures in the furnace by establishing the H-shaped steel billet three-dimensional temperature field model, and realizes the dynamic adjustment of the furnace temperature of each section by combining the optimal temperature rise curve.

Description

Furnace temperature setting method suitable for H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heating furnaces, and particularly relates to a furnace temperature setting method suitable for an H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace.
Background
Heating of an H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace is an important process for the production of H-shaped steel rolling. The purpose is to heat the blank to a uniform and suitable rolling temperature, improve the plasticity of the billet, reduce the deformation resistance, smoothly realize the rolling reduction during the rolling of a subsequent rolling mill, and improve the productivity and the operating rate of the rolling mill. The heating quality of the heating furnace is decisive for obtaining good cross-sectional shape, precise geometric dimension and excellent product quality, and it can be said that the quality problems generated in the current H-shaped steel production process are caused in part by unstable operation of the heating process. Under the condition of indefinite temperature of steel billets in the furnace, certain blindness and difference exist in the artificially given furnace temperature, so that high oxidation burning loss and coal gas waste are easily caused. And the working strength of operators is increased. In addition, H-shaped steel belongs to the special-shaped blank, and the heating mode has particularity, so that the calculation of the temperature field of the H-shaped steel blank is a necessary means for optimizing the furnace temperature. The furnace temperature setting is optimized through the H-shaped steel billet temperature field, intelligent steel burning is realized, the product quality can be improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the labor cost is saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a furnace temperature setting method suitable for an H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace, which solves the technical problems and specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a furnace temperature setting method suitable for an H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace comprises the following steps:
calculating the temperature distribution of the H-shaped steel billet in the heating furnace through an H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model;
calculating a proper temperature set value of each combustion control section of the heating furnace through a dynamic furnace temperature setting model;
the specific method for building the H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model comprises the following steps:
carrying out node division on the H-shaped steel billet;
determining the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet;
determining the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet;
and determining the surface heat absorption characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet.
Further, the specific method for node division of the H-shaped steel billet comprises the following steps:
and (3) performing meshing on the cross section of the H-shaped billet by using a multi-rectangle division method according to the cross section characteristics of the H-shaped billet, and dividing the H-shaped billet into a plurality of nodes from the direction of X, Y, Z.
Further, the H-shaped billet is divided into 45 × 37 × 39 nodes from the direction of X, Y, Z.
Further, the specific method for determining the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet comprises the following steps:
the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet is represented by a steel billet internal heat conduction formula:
Figure BDA0003610012080000021
Wherein rho is the density of the steel billet, mu is the specific heat of the steel billet, lambda is the comprehensive heat supply coefficient between furnace gas and the surface of the steel billet, T is the transient temperature of the steel billet, T is the heating time, x, y and z are respectively the coordinates of the length, width and height direction of the section of the steel billet entering the furnace, and S is an internal heat source.
Further, the value of the S term is 0.
Further, the specific method for determining the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet comprises the following steps:
and at the moment of feeding the H-shaped steel billet into the furnace, measuring the surface temperature of the H-shaped steel billet through an infrared thermometer, and acquiring a corresponding hot billet data table from a system database according to the detected surface temperature to be used as the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet.
Further, the specific method for determining the surface heat absorption characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet comprises the following steps:
because the heating of the surface node of the H-shaped steel billet is a heat transfer mode of heat radiation and convection, the heat absorbed by the unit surface of the H-shaped steel billet is expressed by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003610012080000022
αΣ＝αfor is to+αSpoke
Wherein, t1Is the temperature of furnace gas, t2Is the surface temperature, T, of the steel billet1Representing the absolute temperature of the furnace gas, T2Representing the absolute temperature, alpha, of the surface of the H-shaped steel slabTo pairFor convective heat transfer coefficient, c for derived emissivity, alphaSpokeGiving a thermal coefficient for radiation, alphaΣThe comprehensive heat exchange coefficient.
Further, the specific method for calculating the appropriate temperature setting value of each combustion control section of the heating furnace through the dynamic furnace temperature setting model comprises the following steps:
matching to a corresponding optimal heating temperature-rising curve according to the initial temperature value of the H-shaped steel billet and the characteristics of the heating furnace;
and dynamically adjusting the furnace temperature set value according to the current temperature of the H-shaped steel billet and the node difference value of the optimal heating temperature rise curve.
Further, when temperature control is carried out, when steel grades with different control temperatures are mixed and loaded in the same heating area:
and when the control temperatures of the steel grades with different control temperatures have intersection, taking the lower limit of the high-temperature steel and the upper limit of the low-temperature steel as the control range.
Further, when there is no intersection between the control temperatures of the steel types with different control temperatures, if the high-temperature steel is prior to the low-temperature steel group, the temperature range of the high-temperature steel is taken as the control range, and if the low-temperature steel is prior to the high-temperature steel, the high-temperature steel is heated at the upper temperature limit of the low-temperature steel, and the low-temperature steel is heated at the upper temperature limit of the high-temperature steel after being discharged.
The method for setting the furnace temperature of the H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace has the advantages that the method for setting the furnace temperature of the H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace is suitable for establishing the H-shaped steel billet three-dimensional temperature field model through the geometric grid division of the attached H-shaped steel, so that the temperature of all steel billets in the furnace is calculated, and the furnace temperature of each section is dynamically adjusted by combining the optimal temperature rise curve.
The invention has the advantages that the furnace temperature setting method suitable for the H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace automatically controls the furnace temperature range during the mixed loading of the complex process, reduces the furnace temperature fluctuation, and changes the traditional conditions of viewing the hysteresis quality of controlling the furnace temperature and viewing the under-burning or over-burning of the furnace temperature. The system dynamically adjusts the furnace temperature according to the blank temperature more accurately in real time, thereby improving the product quality and saving the energy consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an H-shaped steel billet;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a three-dimensional infinitesimal body node;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid junction control temperature;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of mixed loading of high-first-low control temperature without intersection;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of mixed loading of low-then-high control temperatures without intersection.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following, more complete description of the invention, and are set forth in the accompanying drawings.
The application discloses a furnace temperature setting method suitable for an H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace, which comprises the following steps: and calculating the temperature distribution of the H-shaped steel billet in the heating furnace through the H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model. And calculating the proper temperature set value of each combustion control section of the heating furnace through a dynamic furnace temperature setting model.
Specifically, the specific method for building the H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model comprises the following steps:
and carrying out node division on the H-shaped steel billet.
Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional shape of H-shaped steel, which is a parison. Aiming at the cross section characteristics of the H-shaped steel billet, the three-dimensional grid division is carried out on the cross section of the steel billet by using a multi-rectangle division method, the H-shaped steel billet is divided into 45 multiplied by 37 multiplied by 39 unbalanced nodes from the X, Y, Z direction according to the geometrical shape, and the density of the grid is divided unevenly by considering the characteristics of the H-shaped steel billet, so that the grid nodes are better matched with the boundary of the H-shaped steel billet. Taking a point P in the three-dimensional solution region, its control volume is Δ x Δ y Δ z, which has six adjacent nodes E, W, N, S, B, T. As shown in fig. 2.
And determining the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped billet.
H-shaped steel billet is heated by furnace gas in the heating furnace to conduct heat to the H-shaped steel billet by convection and radiation, the temperature of each node in the steel billet is changed at any moment, and the steel billet belongs to an unsteady heat transfer process in the furnace because the temperature of the furnace gas fluctuates along with time in each heating section.
Specifically, the furnace gas lateral thermocouple temperature difference is given in percentage. The longitudinal furnace gas temperature is the temperature of the thermocouple at the positions of the furnace wall and the furnace top of each heating section, and the temperature is subjected to differential linear treatment along the furnace length direction. And the steel billet does stepping motion in the heating furnace into non-uniform motion, and each step is calculated according to the collected moving amount of the stepping beam. Therefore, the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped billet is represented by a billet internal heat conduction formula:
Figure BDA0003610012080000041
Wherein rho is the density of the steel billet, mu is the specific heat of the steel billet, lambda is the comprehensive heat supply coefficient between furnace gas and the surface of the steel billet, T is the transient temperature of the steel billet, T is the heating time, x, y and z are respectively coordinates of the length, width and height direction of the section of the steel billet entering the furnace, and S is an internal heat source. In the application, the S source item can not be considered because the billet has no internal heat source in the heating process. Thus, the value of the S term is 0.
And determining the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet.
The specific method for determining the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet comprises the following steps:
and measuring the surface temperature of the H-shaped steel billet by using an infrared thermometer at the time of the H-shaped steel billet entering the furnace, and acquiring a corresponding hot billet data table from a system database according to the detected surface temperature as the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet.
Preferably, the system also aims at a thermal parameter database of the steel grade. Parameters such as chemical compositions, liquidus, solidus temperature, specific heat capacity, heat conductivity and density of steel at different temperatures of various steel types form a thermotechnical parameter database, and the thermotechnical parameter database is stored in a background database.
And determining the surface heat absorption characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet.
Specifically, the heating of the H-shaped billet surface node is two heat transfer modes of heat radiation and convection, the billet surface is subjected to furnace gas radiation and convection heat transfer in a heating furnace, and the surface temperature changes along with time and position. Therefore, the heat absorption of the unit surface of the H-shaped billet is represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003610012080000042
αΣ＝αFor is to+αSpoke
Wherein, t1Is the temperature of furnace gas, t2Is the surface temperature, T, of the steel billet1Representing the absolute temperature of the furnace gas, T2Representing the absolute temperature, alpha, of the surface of the H-shaped steel slabFor is toFor convective heat transfer coefficient, c for derived emissivity, alphaSpokeGiving a thermal coefficient for radiation, alphaΣThe comprehensive heat exchange coefficient.
In this way, the temperature distribution and temperature change of the billet in the furnace can be periodically (for example, every 5 seconds) calculated by the above mathematical model according to specific situations.
The dynamic furnace temperature setting model is calculated periodically (e.g., every half minute) to determine the appropriate temperature setting for each combustion control section of the furnace. The purpose of the furnace temperature set point calculation is to determine the temperature set point of the combustion control section so that each billet of the control section can be heated to the desired temperature when it reaches the end of its control section, and the surface temperature of the billet cannot exceed the maximum surface temperature limit at any time, and the temperature difference between the surface and the center does not exceed the maximum temperature difference limit. The calculation process is as follows:
and acquiring the current heating condition of the heating furnace and the H-shaped steel billet temperature distribution calculated by the H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model.
And predicting the tapping rhythm of the heating furnace.
And predicting the furnace-in time of the H-shaped steel billet.
Predicting tapping temperature of H-shaped steel billet
And determining the optimal furnace temperature set value of each combustion control section for heating the H-shaped steel billet.
The furnace temperature set value of each combustion control section is determined, and the temperature set value of one combustion control section comprehensively considers all steel billets influenced by the furnace temperature of the section, so that the steel billets can reach an ideal heating condition when discharged.
In a preferred embodiment, the specific method for calculating the appropriate temperature setting value of each combustion control section of the heating furnace through the dynamic furnace temperature setting model is as follows:
and matching to a corresponding optimal heating temperature-rising curve according to the initial temperature value of the H-shaped steel billet and the characteristics of the heating furnace.
The process requirements of steel grades with different specifications are stored in a steel grade data table in the system as a temperature function. The system reads the initial temperature of the surface of the steel billet of the PLC according to the PID information of the charging, and the initial temperature is matched with the stored information of the database to serve as the initial charging condition of the steel billet. According to the heating capacity and the technological requirements of the heating furnace, each steel grade with different initial conditions has the optimal heating temperature-rising curve. And when the steel billet enters the furnace, matching the optimal temperature-rising curve according to the steel billet entering information.
And dynamically adjusting the furnace temperature set value according to the current temperature of the H-shaped steel billet and the node difference value of the optimal heating temperature rise curve.
And calculating the furnace temperature set value of each heating section by using a dynamic difference method according to the calculated timely temperature of the steel billet and the production rhythm of the furnace. Comparing the furnace temperature set value of each section end node with the actual furnace temperature value, if the furnace temperature set value is larger than the actual furnace temperature, then comparing the heating time, and if the maximum heating time is met, adjusting the set value to be the middle lower limit or the lower limit of the process by the system; if the maximum heating time is not reached, continuously setting the maximum heating time as medium limit steel burning; and if the furnace temperature set value is less than the actual furnace temperature, adjusting the furnace temperature set value as the middle and upper limit of the process for steel burning, and circulating.
Preferably, when temperature control is performed, when steel grades with different control temperatures are mixed and installed in the same heating area, different technical schemes are adopted according to whether intersection exists between the control temperatures of the steel grades with different control temperatures.
Specifically, when the control temperatures of steel grades with different control temperatures have intersection, the lower limit of high-temperature steel and the upper limit of low-temperature steel are taken as control ranges, and the control temperatures are deviated to the first-entering steel grade. As shown in fig. 3.
When there is no intersection of the control temperatures between the steel grades of different control temperatures: if the high-temperature steel is prior to the low-temperature steel group (the furnace position or the steel loading time is taken as the basis), the temperature range of the high-temperature steel is taken as the control range. As shown in fig. 4.
If the low-temperature steel is prior to the high-temperature steel, the low-temperature steel is heated at the upper temperature limit, and the low-temperature steel is discharged and then heated at the upper temperature limit of the high-temperature steel. As shown in fig. 5.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A furnace temperature setting method suitable for an H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the temperature distribution of the H-shaped steel billet in the heating furnace through an H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model;
calculating a proper temperature set value of each combustion control section of the heating furnace through a dynamic furnace temperature setting model;
the specific method for building the H-shaped steel billet temperature calculation model comprises the following steps:
carrying out node division on the H-shaped steel billet;
determining the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet;
determining the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet;
and determining the surface heat absorption characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet.
2. The method for setting the furnace temperature of an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 1,
The specific method for node division of the H-shaped steel billet comprises the following steps:
and (3) meshing the cross section of the H-shaped billet by using a multi-rectangle division method according to the cross section characteristics of the H-shaped billet, and dividing the H-shaped billet into a plurality of nodes from the X, Y, Z direction.
3. The method for setting the furnace temperature of an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 2,
the H-shaped steel billet is divided into 45 multiplied by 37 multiplied by 39 nodes from the direction of X, Y, Z.
4. The method for setting the furnace temperature of an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 1,
the specific method for determining the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet comprises the following steps:
the internal heat conduction characteristic of the H-shaped steel billet is represented by a steel billet internal heat conduction formula:
Figure FDA0003610012070000011
wherein rho is the density of the steel billet, mu is the specific heat of the steel billet, lambda is the comprehensive heat supply coefficient between furnace gas and the surface of the steel billet, T is the transient temperature of the steel billet, T is the heating time, x, y and z are respectively the coordinates of the length, width and height direction of the section of the steel billet entering the furnace, and S is an internal heat source.
5. The method for setting the furnace temperature of an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 4,
the value of the S term is 0.
6. The method for setting the furnace temperature of an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 1,
The specific method for determining the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet comprises the following steps:
and at the moment of feeding the H-shaped steel billet into the furnace, measuring the surface temperature of the H-shaped steel billet through an infrared thermometer, and acquiring a corresponding hot billet data table from a system database according to the detected surface temperature to be used as the initial temperature value of each node of the H-shaped steel billet.
7. The method of setting a furnace temperature for an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 1,
the specific method for determining the surface heat absorption characteristic of the H-shaped billet comprises the following steps:
because the heating of the surface nodes of the H-shaped steel billet is a heat transfer mode of heat radiation and convection, the heat absorbed by the unit surface of the H-shaped steel billet is expressed by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003610012070000021
αΣ＝αfor is to+αSpoke
Wherein, t1Is the temperature of furnace gas, t2Is the surface temperature, T, of the steel billet1Representing the absolute temperature of the furnace gas, T2Represents the absolute temperature, alpha, of the surface of the H-shaped steel billetTo pairFor convective heat transfer coefficient, c for derived emissivity, alphaSpokeGiving a thermal coefficient for radiation, alphaΣThe comprehensive heat exchange coefficient.
8. The method for setting the furnace temperature of an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 1,
the specific method for calculating the proper temperature set value of each combustion control section of the heating furnace through the dynamic furnace temperature setting model comprises the following steps:
Matching to a corresponding optimal heating temperature-rising curve according to the initial temperature value of the H-shaped steel billet and the characteristics of the heating furnace;
and dynamically adjusting the furnace temperature set value according to the current temperature of the H-shaped steel billet and the node difference value of the optimal heating temperature rise curve.
9. The method of setting a furnace temperature for an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 8,
when the temperature control is carried out, when steel grades with different control temperatures are mixed and loaded in the same heating area:
and when the control temperatures of the steel grades with different control temperatures have intersection, taking the lower limit of the high-temperature steel and the upper limit of the low-temperature steel as the control range.
10. The method of setting a furnace temperature for an H-type steel rolling heating furnace according to claim 9,
when the control temperatures of the steel types with different control temperatures do not have intersection, if the high-temperature steel is prior to the low-temperature steel group, the temperature range of the high-temperature steel is taken as the control range, if the low-temperature steel is prior to the high-temperature steel, the high-temperature steel is heated by the upper temperature limit of the low-temperature steel, and the low-temperature steel is heated according to the upper temperature limit of the high-temperature steel after being discharged.
CN202210426936.5A 2022-04-22 2022-04-22 Furnace temperature setting method suitable for H-shaped steel rolling heating furnace Pending CN114752753A (en)

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