CN114751455A - Preparation method of modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material - Google Patents

Preparation method of modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material Download PDF

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CN114751455A
CN114751455A CN202210295718.2A CN202210295718A CN114751455A CN 114751455 A CN114751455 A CN 114751455A CN 202210295718 A CN202210295718 A CN 202210295718A CN 114751455 A CN114751455 A CN 114751455A
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molybdenum trioxide
electrode material
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modified molybdenum
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CN114751455B (en
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齐彦兴
牛永芳
杨敏
李雪莲
郑欣梅
张传卫
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Yantai Zhongke Advanced Materials And Green Chemical Industry Technology Research Institute
Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material, which is characterized in that a surfactant is added in the process of preparing strip-shaped molybdenum trioxide by adopting a one-step method, the surfactant can form a micelle structure in an aqueous solution, and the crystal face preferential orientation growth process of a molybdenum trioxide crystal nucleus in the hydrothermal process is guided, so that the modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material with the structure difference with common strip-shaped molybdenum trioxide is obtained. Compared with the common strip-shaped molybdenum trioxide, the prepared modified molybdenum trioxide material has the advantages that the prior orientation of crystals is changed, the appearance is changed from a complete strip-shaped structure into a novel structure with nanoparticles attached among nanobelts, the soaking and migration of electrolyte ions in the electrode material are increased due to the appearance structure, the electron transfer rate is increased, the further improvement of the charge storage capacity is facilitated, the molybdenum trioxide material has high specific capacitance and excellent rate capability, and the modified molybdenum trioxide material can be used as an electrode material of secondary energy storage devices such as high-specific-energy super capacitors and lithium ion batteries.

Description

Preparation method of modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material, in particular to a method for modifying a molybdenum trioxide electrode material by using a surfactant, which is mainly used as a supercapacitor electrode material in the field of electrochemical energy storage.
Background
With the rapid development of industrial technologies, the reserves of traditional energy sources are continuously reduced, and the environmental pollution caused by the traditional energy sources is increasingly serious, so that the development of green sustainable energy sources becomes a research hotspot which is concerned by the world. The electrochemical capacitor is used as a novel energy storage device, has high energy density (1-10 Wh/kg), high power density (1 k-100 kW/kg), maintenance-free property, high charge-discharge efficiency and long cycle life (up to 10)5More than once), wide use temperature range, environmental friendliness and the like. The electrode material is crucial to the improvement of the capacitor performance. Pseudocapacitors operate on the basis of reversible rapid redox reactions occurring at or near the surface of an electroactive material, and typically have a relatively high specific capacitance. Transition metal oxides are a common pseudocapacitive material. Due to the advantages of simple preparation process, high electrochemical activity, excellent stability, high theoretical specific capacitance, low cost, environmental friendliness and the like, the molybdenum trioxide attracts the wide research interest of researchers. However, the application of the pure molybdenum trioxide is limited due to the poor multiplying power performance of the capacitor caused by the weak electron transfer rate of the pure molybdenum trioxideAnd (4) preparing. Through the modified design of the structure and the morphology of the molybdenum trioxide, the charge transmission capability of the molybdenum trioxide is hopeful to be improved, and the electrochemical performance of the molybdenum trioxide is further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material, which improves the electrochemical performance of the electrode material by changing the structure of the electrode material.
Preparation of modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material
The method for preparing the modified molybdenum trioxide material comprises the steps of fully reacting molybdenum powder and a hydrogen peroxide solution in an ice bath until the molybdenum powder and the hydrogen peroxide solution are orange transparent solution, adding deionized water for dilution, and stirring for 30-60 minutes to generate yellow solution; adding a surfactant into the yellow solution, and heating and stirring until the surfactant is completely dissolved; then putting the mixed solution into a stainless steel reaction kettle with a tetrafluoroethylene inner container, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 10-30 h at the temperature of 160-220 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing a product, and drying to obtain the modified molybdenum trioxide material.
The molar ratio of the molybdenum powder to the hydrogen peroxide is 1: 3-1: 10 (preferably 1:6-1: 10); the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 20-30% (preferably 30%).
The surfactant is selected from one of SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate), DBS (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), CTAB (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide), P123 (polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer) or F127 (polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene amphiphilic block copolymer), preferably P123 and F127. The concentration of the surfactant in the mixed solution is 0.001-0.05 g/mL (preferably 0.005-0.01 g/mL).
Structure of modified molybdenum trioxide material
The morphology and structure of the modified molybdenum trioxide material will be described below by taking the ordinary molybdenum trioxide and the modified ordinary molybdenum trioxide prepared in example 1 as examples.
Fig. 1 and 2 are scanning electron microscope pictures of common molybdenum trioxide and modified common molybdenum trioxide, respectively. As can be seen from the scanning electron microscope pictures, the common molybdenum trioxide is mainly composed of a strip-shaped structure which is several microns long and 200 nm wide. The modified molybdenum trioxide material mainly comprises a strip-shaped structure with the length of a few microns and nano particles with the particle size of about 200 nm. Compared with the appearance of common molybdenum trioxide, the modified molybdenum trioxide is obviously more fragmented in structure, a plurality of gap structures are increased, and the structure is convenient for the soaking and rapid transmission of electrolyte ions.
Fig. 3 is an XRD pattern of common molybdenum trioxide and modified molybdenum trioxide. As seen from the XRD results of FIG. 3, the diffraction peaks of the prepared banded molybdenum trioxide are narrow and high, and all peak positions correspond to the crystal form (alpha-MoO) of pure orthorhombic phase molybdenum trioxide3JCPDS number 05-0508), and the occurrence of distinct preferential orientations of (020), (040), (060) planes, indicates that the structure of the band-shaped molybdenum trioxide is mainly obtained by growth along the (010) direction. The XRD test result further shows that the modified molybdenum trioxide also conforms to the structure of pure orthorhombic phase molybdenum trioxide. But the diffraction peak intensity is obviously reduced, and the preferential orientation of the crystal structure is also obviously changed, so that the method is more in line with the standard spectrogram of orthorhombic phase molybdenum trioxide. The surfactant P123 plays a significant role in the hydrothermal preparation process of the molybdenum trioxide, and the preferential oriented growth of the crystal structure of the molybdenum trioxide is changed.
Fig. 4 is a Raman chart of a common molybdenum trioxide and a modified molybdenum trioxide. Raman plots further demonstrate that the modified molybdenum trioxide material is a pure, impurity-free, orthorhombic phase molybdenum trioxide.
Third, electrochemical performance test
Mixing a common molybdenum trioxide material and a modified molybdenum trioxide material serving as active substances with a conductive agent carbon black and a binder polytetrafluoroethylene respectively in a mass ratio of 8:1:1 to form slurry, coating the slurry on foamed nickel, and drying at 100 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the electrode slice to be characterized. A three-electrode system electrochemical workstation is adopted for testing, wherein a saturated calomel electrode is used as a reference electrode, a platinum sheet is used as a counter electrode, the prepared electrode slice is used as a working electrode, and 1mol/L potassium chloride solution is used as electrolyte.
FIG. 5 shows the scanning speed of 5mV s for common molybdenum trioxide and modified molybdenum trioxide-1Comparative cyclic voltammogram of time. FIG. 5 shows that cyclic voltammograms for both BMO and BMO @ P electrodes existAn obvious oxidation reduction peak indicates that the prepared common molybdenum trioxide and modified molybdenum trioxide materials are electrode materials mainly based on pseudo-capacitance energy storage behavior. In addition, the BMO @ P electrode shows a significantly larger integrated area, and the integrated area corresponds to the charge storage capacity, which indicates that the modified molybdenum trioxide material has a higher specific capacitance value.
FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are the cyclic voltammograms of ordinary molybdenum trioxide and modified molybdenum trioxide at different sweep rates. As the scan speed is gradually increased, both cyclic voltammograms are deformed to some extent due to the limited slow diffusion behavior of the electrolyte ions at high scan speeds. In addition, the redox peak intensity in the curve also gradually decreases with increasing scan rate, indicating slower intercalation kinetics of electrolyte ions in the electrode material at high scan rates.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the change of specific capacitance of the common molybdenum trioxide and the modified molybdenum trioxide at different scanning speeds. And obtaining the multiplying power performance result by calculating the mass ratio capacitance value of the electrode at different scanning speeds. FIG. 8 shows that the sweep rate is 5mV s-1The specific capacitance value of the BMO electrode was 68.8F g-1(488.5 mF cm-2) And the specific capacitance value of the BMO @ P electrode is 105.7F g-1(708.2 mF cm-2). With further increase in sweep speed to 40 mV s-1When the specific capacitance of the BMO electrode is reduced to 19.7F g-1(139.9 mF cm-2) And the specific capacitance value of the BMO @ P electrode can still be kept at 40.1F g-1(268.7 mF cm-2). The results indicate that the BMO @ P electrode has more excellent charge storage capacity.
Fig. 9 is an impedance diagram of a common molybdenum trioxide and a modified molybdenum trioxide. As seen from fig. 9, the BMO @ P electrode exhibited a smaller charge transfer resistance than the BMO electrode, and the straight portions of the former at low frequencies were more nearly perpendicular, indicating that the BMO @ P electrode had better capacitive performance, which is consistent with the previous analysis results. The change of the morphological structure of the modified molybdenum trioxide material is shown, and the electrochemical performance of the modified molybdenum trioxide material is also obviously improved.
In conclusion, the surfactant is added in the process of preparing the strip-shaped molybdenum trioxide by adopting a one-step method, the surfactant can form a micelle structure in an aqueous solution, the crystal face of a molybdenum trioxide crystal nucleus in the hydrothermal process is guided to preferentially orient and grow, and the surfactant can play a guiding and connecting role in the micelle structure, so that the modified molybdenum trioxide material with the structure different from that of the common strip-shaped molybdenum trioxide is obtained. Compared with the common strip-shaped molybdenum trioxide, the prepared modified molybdenum trioxide material has the advantages that the prior orientation of crystals is changed, the appearance is changed from a complete strip-shaped structure into a novel structure with nanoparticles attached among nanobelts, the infiltration and migration of electrolyte ions in the electrode material are increased due to the appearance structure, the electron transfer rate is increased, the further improvement of the charge storage capacity is facilitated, the molybdenum trioxide material has high specific capacitance and excellent rate capability, and the modified molybdenum trioxide material can be used as the electrode material of secondary energy storage devices such as high specific energy super capacitors, lithium ion batteries and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a common band-shaped molybdenum trioxide (BMO).
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a modified molybdenum trioxide material (BMO @ P).
Fig. 3 is an XRD pattern of the conventional molybdenum trioxide and the modified molybdenum trioxide.
Fig. 4 is a Raman chart of a common molybdenum trioxide and a modified molybdenum trioxide.
FIG. 5 shows the scanning speed of 5mVs for the common molybdenum trioxide and the modified molybdenum trioxide-1Comparative cyclic voltammogram.
FIG. 6 is a plot of cyclic voltammetry of conventional molybdenum trioxide at different sweep rates.
FIG. 7 is a plot of cyclic voltammetry for modified molybdenum trioxide at different sweep rates.
Fig. 8 is a graph showing the change of specific capacitance of the common molybdenum trioxide and the modified molybdenum trioxide at different scanning speeds.
Fig. 9 is an impedance diagram of a common molybdenum trioxide and a modified molybdenum trioxide.
Detailed Description
The preparation, structure and properties of the modified molybdenum trioxide material of the invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Weighing 0.192g of molybdenum powder, adding the molybdenum powder into 3.2 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, continuously stirring in an ice bath until the solution is orange transparent, then adding 36.8mL of deionized water to dilute the solution, and continuously stirring for 30 minutes; adding 0.32g P123, heating to dissolve until the solution is transparent; transferring the solution into a 100mL tetrafluoroethylene liner, putting the tetrafluoroethylene liner into a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 24 hours; and after natural cooling, carrying out suction filtration, washing precipitates with deionized water and ethanol respectively, and drying to obtain the novel modified molybdenum trioxide material named as BMO @ P.
Comparative example: weighing 0.192g of molybdenum powder, adding the molybdenum powder into 3.2 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, continuously stirring in an ice bath until the solution is orange transparent, then adding 36.8mL of deionized water to dilute the solution, and continuously stirring for 30 minutes; the solution is transferred into a 100mL tetrafluoroethylene liner and put into a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle, and the temperature is kept at 200 ℃ for 24 hours. And after natural cooling, carrying out suction filtration, washing precipitates with deionized water and ethanol respectively, and drying to obtain the common molybdenum trioxide material marked as BMO.
The electrode plate is manufactured according to the method, and the electrochemical performance of the electrode plate is tested. BMO electrode sweep speed of 5mV s-1Specific capacitance value of 68.8F g-1(488.5 mF cm-2) Increasing the sweep rate to 40 mV s-1The specific capacitance value is reduced to 19.7F g-1(139.9 mF cm-2). BMO @ P electrode at sweep rate of 5mV s-1Specific capacitance value of 105.7F g-1(708.2 mF cm-2) Increasing the sweep rate to 40 mV s-1The specific capacitance value of the electrode can still be kept to be 40.1F g-1(268.7 mF cm-2)。
Example 2
Weighing 0.192g of molybdenum powder, adding the molybdenum powder into 3.2 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, continuously stirring in an ice bath until the solution is orange transparent, then adding 36.8mL of deionized water to dilute the solution, and continuously stirring for 30 minutes; adding 0.32g P123, heating to dissolve until the solution is transparent; transferring the solution into a 100mL tetrafluoroethylene inner container, putting the tetrafluoroethylene inner container into a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature at 180 ℃ for 20 hours; and after natural cooling, carrying out suction filtration, washing precipitates with deionized water and ethanol respectively, and drying to obtain the modified molybdenum trioxide material.
The electrode plate is manufactured according to the method, and the electrochemical performance of the electrode plate is tested. The sweep rate of the BMO @ P electrode is 5mV s-1Specific capacitance value of 101.2F g-1(688.2 mF cm-2)。
Example 3
Weighing 0.192g of molybdenum powder, adding the molybdenum powder into 3.2 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, continuously stirring in an ice bath until the solution is orange transparent, then adding 36.8mL of deionized water to dilute the solution, and continuing stirring for 30 minutes; adding 0.40g P123, heating to dissolve to obtain transparent solution; the solution is transferred into a 100mL tetrafluoroethylene liner and put into a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle, and the temperature is kept at 200 ℃ for 24 hours. And after natural cooling, carrying out suction filtration, washing precipitates with deionized water and ethanol respectively, and drying to obtain the modified molybdenum trioxide material.
The electrode plate is manufactured according to the method, and the electrochemical performance of the electrode plate is tested. The sweep rate of the BMO @ P electrode is 5mV s-1Specific capacitance value of 104.2F g-1(698.1 mF cm-2)。
Example 4
Weighing 0.192g of molybdenum powder, adding the molybdenum powder into 3.2 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, continuously stirring in an ice bath until the solution is orange transparent, then adding 36.8mL of deionized water to dilute the solution, and continuously stirring for 30 minutes; then 0.32g F127 is added, heated and dissolved until the solution is transparent; then transferring the solution into a 100mL tetrafluoroethylene liner, putting the tetrafluoroethylene liner into a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 24 hours; and naturally cooling, carrying out suction filtration, washing the precipitate with deionized water and ethanol respectively, and drying to obtain the modified molybdenum trioxide material.
The electrode plate is manufactured according to the method, and the electrochemical performance of the electrode plate is tested. BMO @ P electrode at sweep rate of 5mV s-1Specific capacitance value of 98.7F g-1(671.2 mF cm-2)。

Claims (5)

1. A preparation method of a modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material comprises the steps of fully reacting molybdenum powder with a hydrogen peroxide solution in an ice bath to obtain an orange transparent solution, adding deionized water for dilution, and stirring for 30-60 minutes to generate a yellow solution; adding a surfactant into the yellow solution, and heating and stirring until the surfactant is completely dissolved; then putting the mixed solution into a stainless steel reaction kettle with a tetrafluoroethylene inner container, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 10-30 h at the temperature of 160-220 ℃; and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing a product, and drying to obtain the modified molybdenum trioxide material.
2. The preparation method of the modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the molar ratio of the molybdenum powder to the hydrogen peroxide is 1: 3-1: 10.
3. The preparation method of the modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 20-30%.
4. The preparation method of the modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the surfactant is selected from one of SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate), DBS (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), CTAB (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide), P123 (polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide triblock copolymer) or F127 (polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene amphiphilic block copolymer).
5. The preparation method of the modified molybdenum trioxide electrode material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the surfactant in the mixed solution is 0.001-0.05 g/mL.
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CN116230423A (en) * 2023-03-08 2023-06-06 兰州大学 Implantable capacitive ion diode and preparation method and application thereof

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