CN114749954B

CN114749954B - Self-adaptive clamping device for aircraft blade tip process table

Info

Publication number: CN114749954B
Application number: CN202210389079.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 辛晓鹏; 胡创国; 汪磊; 许晓栋; 毛海江
Original assignee: Xi'an Sanhang Power Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Sanhang Power Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-13
Filing date: 2022-04-13
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-13
Also published as: CN114749954A

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-adaptive clamping device for a blade tip process table of an aeroengine blade, which is used for carrying out auxiliary support on the blade tip process table at the blade tip of the blade during the numerical control milling processing of a blade part. When the device is used, along with the tightening of the clamping nut, the three ball head supporting nails on the clamping blocks on the two sides contact two side surfaces of the blade tip technological table one by one, the positions of the ejector rod and the connecting shaft are automatically adjusted, the positions of the ejector rod and the connecting shaft are fixed by using the jacking screw, and the self-adaptive clamping of the blade technological table can be realized. The device solves the problem that when the blade tenon root is used for positioning and clamping different blade tip process tables according to theoretical positions, clamping stress is introduced to the blade tip due to the difference of the positions and the sizes of the blade tip process tables, can improve the rigidity of a process system, does not introduce the clamping stress, and realizes stress-free self-adaptive clamping of the blade tip. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and reliable clamping force, and provides guarantee for the precision machining of the blade.

Description

Self-adaptive clamping device for craft platform of aviation blade tip

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining of blades, in particular to a clamping device for a craft platform of a blade tip of an aviation blade.

Background

The blade is used as a key part of an aircraft engine, and the processing quality of the blade directly influences the overall performance of the aircraft engine. The blade mainly comprises a blade body, a tenon root and a flange plate, wherein the blade body is the part of the blade with the pneumatic appearance; the tenon root realizes the connection and fastening with other parts; the transition part of the blade body and the tenon root is a flange plate. With the improvement of the performance requirements of the aero-engine, the design precision of the blade is continuously improved, and the manufacturing requirements are more and more strict. In order to improve the pneumatic performance, the blade has thin wall, long suspended blade body and complex free-form surface, and large bending degree; in order to reduce the mass and improve the strength, the blade is made of titanium alloy and other difficult-to-process materials. These characteristics put considerable demands on the clamping of the blade before machining.

An adaptive blade tip process table clamp applied to machining of an aircraft engine fan blade is disclosed in Chinese patent 201710036443. The front end of the clamp chuck is designed elastically, the tail part of the clamp chuck is designed as a sphere and can freely rotate in a rolling body, and the rolling body can rotate in a shell, so that the self-adaptive clamping of the clamp is realized; the quick clamping mechanism drives the ejector rod to horizontally move in the bearing through the vertical movement of the push rod, so that the friction block and the chuck are quickly and tightly ejected. The clamp can adjust the position of the clamping head to adapt to the position of the blade tip for positioning and clamping, and has good practicability.

However, in the process of blade batch production, the axial position of the whole fixture needs to be manually and accurately adjusted according to the axial position difference of each blade, so that a large risk of introducing horizontal additional stress exists, which is not beneficial to ensuring the processing quality of the blades and improving the production efficiency of the blades.

When the blade is clamped, the blade is ensured to be in a correct position by means of the clamp, and the blade is clamped, so that the situation that the position is changed and a workpiece is deformed due to looseness of the clamp caused by cutting force and vibration in the machining process is avoided. When a blade body of a blade is machined, the blade body is generally positioned and clamped by a tenon root, and although six degrees of freedom of a blade space are all limited, the blade body is long in overhang, the rigidity of the blade is poorer and the machining deformation is larger as the blade is closer to a blade tip. Aiming at the problems, the solution in the prior art is to leave a process boss at the blade tip part of the blade and utilize an auxiliary supporting device to perform auxiliary clamping and supporting on the blade tip part at a process table. When the process table is square, it is desirable to increase the rigidity of the blade in processing by restricting one degree of freedom in translation and one degree of freedom in rotation of the process table. The accuracy of the auxiliary support will directly affect the machining accuracy of the blade. Due to the existence of machining errors in the previous procedure, when the blade is positioned and clamped by the tenon root, the positions and sizes of different blade technological tables are different. If the auxiliary clamping and supporting device at the position of the process table is used for clamping and supporting according to the theoretical position, clamping stress is introduced to the blade tip through the process table. The blade body of the blade is machined in the state, even if the machining quality is good, after the clamping device is loosened, the blade can recover to deform due to the clamping stress, so that a clamping error is introduced, and the yield of the blade is influenced. In order to eliminate the blade clamping error, a clamping device which can be used for adaptively clamping blade tip process tables with different orientations needs to be found. Therefore, the influence of over-positioning and clamping on blade processing is reduced, and efficient batch production of the blades is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to avoid the defects of the prior art and provides the self-adaptive clamping device for the aviation blade tip process table, which can automatically adapt to the positioning of different blades by a tenon root, overcome the clamping stress caused by the tiny difference between the size and the position of the blade tip process table in a point-by-point contact mode and realize the self-adaptive clamping of the blade tip process table.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the adaptive clamping device for the aviation blade tip technological table comprises a connecting plate, wherein the connecting plate is installed on a machine tool through a telescopic base, a mandril box is fixedly installed on the connecting plate, a first clamping block is installed on one side of the mandril box through a pair of mandrils of the mandril box, and a second clamping block is arranged on the opposite side of the first clamping block; when the blade tip processing platform is used for processing the blade, the blade tip processing platform at the fixed blade tip is clamped between the first clamping block and the second clamping block;

the first clamping block is a long strip-shaped clamping block, the second clamping block is an L-shaped clamping block, one end of the long strip-shaped clamping block is connected with one end of the clamping screw rod base, and the other end of the clamping screw rod base is arranged on the second clamping block in a penetrating mode through a screw rod arranged on the clamping screw rod base and is fixed through a clamping nut;

the other end of the long-strip-shaped clamping block is connected with the L-shaped clamping block, the L-shaped clamping block and the long-strip-shaped clamping block form a clamping U-shaped groove for clamping the blade tip technological table, and the clamping screw base, the screw and the clamping nut are used for adjusting the opening and closing sizes of the L-shaped clamping block and the long-strip-shaped clamping block, so that the blade tip technological table is clamped, and the left and right moving positions of the blade tip technological table are positioned;

meanwhile, a first bulb jacking screw penetrates through the clamping screw base, a second bulb jacking screw penetrates through the L-shaped clamping block on the opposite side of the clamping screw base, and the end parts of the first bulb jacking screw and the second bulb jacking screw are both arranged on the tip technological table in a jacking mode and used for positioning the upper moving position and the lower moving position of the tip technological table.

Furthermore, the first clamping block is hinged with the clamping screw base through a pin shaft, and the second clamping block is hinged with the first clamping block through a pin shaft.

Furthermore, the pair of ejector rods is a first ejector rod and a second ejector rod, one ends of the first ejector rod and one end of the second ejector rod are respectively parallel to each other and are slidably arranged in the two sliding grooves in the ejector rod box, the other ends of the two ejector rods extend out of the ejector rod box and are fixedly connected with the first clamping block, and a first jacking screw for fixing the position of the pair of ejector rods is further arranged on the ejector rod box.

Furthermore, a clamping groove is formed in the first ejector rod, and the first tightening screw penetrates through the box body of the ejector rod box in a spiral mode and is tightly pressed in the clamping groove.

Furthermore, the telescopic base comprises a shaft sleeve arranged on the machine tool, one end of the connecting shaft is in clearance fit and is arranged in the shaft sleeve in a sliding mode, the connecting plate is fixedly arranged at the other end of the connecting shaft, and a second jacking screw used for fixing the sliding position of the connecting shaft is arranged on the shaft sleeve.

Furthermore, clamping convex blocks which are contacted with the tip technological table and clamped in a matched manner are arranged on the first clamping block and the second clamping block;

the clamping convex block comprises at least one pair of ball head supporting nails arranged between the first clamping block and the blade tip process platform, and the pair of ball head supporting nails are a first ball head supporting nail and a second ball head supporting nail; and at least one third ball head supporting nail is arranged between the second clamping block and the blade tip technological table.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a self-adaptive clamping device for a blade tip process table of a shipping blade, wherein a connecting shaft of a clamp base can rotate relative to a shaft sleeve, a double-ejector-rod design is adopted, the double ejector rods are arranged on one side of an ejector rod box in a sliding and telescopic mode, a support nail is adjusted to be firmly contacted with the side surface of the blade tip process table, the clamping force is reliable, meanwhile, a clamping screw rod is buckled in a U-shaped groove of a clamping block, the fast assembly and disassembly of parts can be realized, three ball support nails support three points on two surfaces of the blade tip process table, the three ball support nails on the clamping block are contacted with the two surfaces of the blade tip process table during clamping on the premise of only limiting one moving freedom degree and one rotating freedom degree of the blade tip process table, and after clamping, a jacking screw is adopted to fix the ejector rod and the connecting shaft, so that the whole clamping device clamps the blade tip process table in four directions, and the self-adaptive clamping of the blade tip process table is realized. The device does not introduce clamping stress when improving the rigidity of a process system, has a simple structure, is convenient to use, can realize clamping of the blade tips without subsidiary stress, and has important significance for realizing high-efficiency mass production of aviation blades.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the ejector pin cartridge of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the blade tip processing device comprises a connecting plate, 2 parts of clamping nuts, 3 parts of clamping screw bases, 4 parts of first ball head jacking screws, 5 parts of second clamping blocks, 6 parts of second ball head jacking screws, 7 parts of first clamping blocks, 8 parts of first ejector rods, 9 parts of second ejector rods, 10 parts of ejector rod boxes, 11 parts of first jacking screws, 12 parts of connecting shafts, 13 parts of second jacking screws, 14 parts of shaft sleeves, 15 parts of first ball head supporting nails, 16 parts of second ball head supporting nails, 17 parts of third ball head supporting nails and 18 parts of a blade tip processing platform.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following embodiments:

example 1: as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the self-adaptive clamping device for the aircraft blade tip technological table comprises a connecting plate 1, wherein the connecting plate 1 is mounted on a machine tool through a telescopic base, the telescopic base comprises a shaft sleeve 14 arranged on the machine tool, one end of a connecting shaft 12 is in clearance fit and is arranged in the shaft sleeve 14 in a sliding manner, the connecting plate 1 is fixedly mounted at the other end of the connecting shaft 12, and a second tightening screw 13 for fixing the sliding position of the connecting shaft 12 is arranged on the shaft sleeve 14;

the connecting plate 1 is fixedly provided with an ejector rod box 10, a first clamping block 7 is arranged on one side of the ejector rod box 10 through a pair of ejector rods of the ejector rod box 10, the pair of ejector rods is a first ejector rod 8 and a second ejector rod 9, one ends of the first ejector rod 8 and the second ejector rod 9 are respectively parallel and are arranged in two sliding grooves in the ejector rod box 10 in a sliding mode, the other ends of the two ejector rods extend out of the ejector rod box 10 and are fixedly connected with the first clamping block 7, a first jacking screw 11 used for fixing the positions of the pair of ejector rods is further arranged on the ejector rod box 10, a clamping groove is formed in the first ejector rod 9, and the first jacking screw 11 penetrates through a box body of the ejector rod box 10 in a spiral mode and jacks in the clamping groove.

A second clamping block 5 is arranged on the opposite side of the first clamping block 7; when the blade tip processing platform 18 is used for processing the blade, the blade tip processing platform 18 at the fixed blade tip is clamped between the first clamping block 7 and the second clamping block 5; the tip process table 18 is usually provided with a square or rectangular fixed block at the tip.

The first clamping block 7 is a long strip-shaped clamping block, the second clamping block 5 is an L-shaped clamping block, one end of the long strip-shaped clamping block is hinged with the clamping screw base 3 through a pin shaft, and the other end of the clamping screw base 3 is arranged on the second clamping block 5 in a penetrating manner through a screw arranged on the clamping screw base 3 and is fixed through a clamping nut 2;

the other end of the long strip-shaped clamping block is hinged with the L-shaped clamping block through a pin shaft, the L-shaped clamping block and the long strip-shaped clamping block form a clamping U-shaped groove for clamping the blade tip technological table 18, and the clamping screw base 3, the screw and the clamping nut 2 are used for adjusting the opening and closing sizes of the L-shaped clamping block and the long strip-shaped clamping block, so that the blade tip technological table 18 is clamped, and the left and right moving positions of the blade tip technological table 18 are positioned;

meanwhile, a first bulb jacking screw 4 penetrates through the clamping screw base 3, a second bulb jacking screw 6 penetrates through the L-shaped clamping block on one side, opposite to the clamping screw base 3, of the clamping screw base, and the end portions of the first bulb jacking screw 4 and the second bulb jacking screw 6 are both tightly arranged on the tip technological table 18 in a jacking mode, so that the upper and lower moving positions of the tip technological table 18 can be positioned.

Clamping convex blocks which are contacted with the tip technological table 18 and clamped in a matched mode are arranged on the first clamping block 7 and the second clamping block 5; the clamping convex block comprises at least one pair of ball head supporting nails arranged between the first clamping block 7 and the tip technological table 18, and the pair of ball head supporting nails are a first ball head supporting nail 15 and a second ball head supporting nail 16; and at least one third ball head supporting nail 17 is arranged between the second clamping block 5 and the tip technological table 18 and used for further positioning the tip technological table 18 and increasing the positioning friction strength.

During assembly, a connecting shaft 12 and an ejector rod box 10 are fixedly connected with a connecting plate 1 respectively, a clamping screw base 3 and an L-shaped clamping block, namely a second clamping block 5 are hinged to two ends of a strip-shaped clamping block 7, and a clamping nut 2 is screwed on the clamping screw base 3. The first adjustable ejector rod 8 and the second adjustable ejector rod 9 are fixedly connected with the strip-shaped clamping block 7, the first adjustable ejector rod 8 and the second adjustable ejector rod 9 are simultaneously inserted into a slideway of an ejector rod box 10, the first jacking screw 11 is screwed in to prevent the ejector rods from sliding out, the connecting shaft 12 is inserted into the shaft sleeve 14 and screwed in the second jacking screw 13, and finally the first ball head jacking screw 4 and the second ball head jacking screw 6 are respectively screwed in threaded holes of the clamping screw base 3 and the L-shaped clamping block 5.

When the self-adaptive clamping device is used, the self-adaptive clamping device is assembled as described above, the shaft sleeve 14 is fixedly connected with a machine tool, a blade is positioned and clamped on the special clamp through a tenon root, the connecting shaft 12 is adjusted, so that the clamping surface of the blade tip technological table 18 is positioned on the strip-shaped clamping block 7, the L-shaped clamping block 5 is closed, the clamping screw base 3 falls into the U-shaped groove of the L-shaped clamping block 5, the clamping nut 2 is gradually screwed, during screwing, the first ball head supporting nail 15, the second ball head supporting nail 16 and the third ball head supporting nail 17 can be contacted with two side surfaces of the blade tip technological table 18 one by one, and in the process, the extending lengths of the first adjustable ejector rod 8 and the second adjustable ejector rod 9 and the rotating angle of the connecting shaft 12 are adjusted in a self-adaptive mode. And when the first ball head support nail 15, the second ball head support nail 16 and the third ball head support nail 17 all contact two side surfaces of the blade tip technological table 18, the clamping device completes self-adaptive clamping on the blade tip technological table 18, and the torque wrench is used for adjusting the clamping force. And after clamping, the first tightening screw 11 and the second tightening screw 13 are tightened to prevent the first adjustable mandril 8, the second adjustable mandril 9 and the connecting shaft 12 from loosening. And finally, the first ball head jacking screw 4 and the second ball head jacking screw 6 are screwed tightly, so that the blade tip process table is prevented from moving up and down due to dynamic cutting force during blade machining.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The self-adaptive clamping device for the aircraft blade tip process table is characterized by comprising a connecting plate (1), wherein the connecting plate (1) is installed on a machine tool through a telescopic base, a mandril box (10) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate (1), a first clamping block (7) is installed on one side of the mandril box (10) through a pair of mandrils of the mandril box (10), and a second clamping block (5) is arranged on the opposite side of the first clamping block (7); when the blade tip processing platform is used for processing blades, a blade tip processing platform (18) at the position of a fixed blade tip is clamped between the first clamping block (7) and the second clamping block (5);

the first clamping block (7) is a long strip-shaped clamping block, the second clamping block (5) is an L-shaped clamping block, one end of the long strip-shaped clamping block is connected with one end of the clamping screw base (3), and the other end of the clamping screw base (3) is arranged on the second clamping block (5) in a penetrating mode through a screw arranged on the clamping screw base (3) and is fixed through a clamping nut (2);

the other end of the long-strip-shaped clamping block is connected with the L-shaped clamping block, the L-shaped clamping block and the long-strip-shaped clamping block form a clamping U-shaped groove for clamping a blade tip technological table (18), and the clamping screw base (3), the screw and the clamping nut (2) are used for adjusting the opening and closing size of the L-shaped clamping block and the long-strip-shaped clamping block, so that the blade tip technological table (18) is clamped, and the left and right moving positions of the blade tip technological table (18) are positioned;

meanwhile, a first bulb jacking screw (4) penetrates through the clamping screw base (3), a second bulb jacking screw (6) penetrates through the L-shaped clamping block on one side opposite to the clamping screw base (3), and the end parts of the first bulb jacking screw (4) and the second bulb jacking screw (6) are both arranged on the tip process table (18) in a jacking manner so as to position the up-and-down moving position of the tip process table (18);

the flexible base include axle sleeve (14) that set up on the lathe, the one end clearance fit of connecting axle (12) to the slip sets up axle sleeve (14) in, connecting plate (1) fixed mounting at the other end of connecting axle (12) be equipped with second top tight screw (13) that are used for fixed connecting axle (12) slide position on axle sleeve (14).

2. The self-adaptive clamping device for the aircraft blade tip process platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first clamping block (7) is hinged to the clamping screw base (3) through a pin shaft, and the second clamping block (5) is hinged to the first clamping block (7) through a pin shaft.

3. The self-adaptive clamping device for the aviation blade tip technological table as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pair of ejector rods is a first ejector rod (8) and a second ejector rod (9), one ends of the first ejector rod (8) and the second ejector rod (9) are respectively parallel and are slidably arranged in two sliding grooves in the ejector rod box (10), the other ends of the two ejector rods extend out of the ejector rod box (10) and are fixedly connected with the first clamping block (7), and a first tightening screw (11) for fixing the positions of the pair of ejector rods is further arranged on the ejector rod box (10).

4. The self-adaptive clamping device for the aircraft blade tip technological table as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that a clamping groove is formed in the second ejector rod (9), and the first tightening screw (11) penetrates through the box body of the ejector rod box (10) in a threaded mode and is tightly pressed in the clamping groove.

5. The self-adaptive clamping device for the marine blade tip process platform according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein clamping protruding blocks which are contacted with the tip process platform (18) and clamped in a matching manner are arranged on the first clamping block (7) and the second clamping block (5);

the clamping convex block comprises at least one pair of ball head supporting nails arranged between the first clamping block (7) and the blade tip technological platform (18), and the pair of ball head supporting nails are a first ball head supporting nail (15) and a second ball head supporting nail (16); at least one third ball head supporting nail (17) is arranged between the second clamping block (5) and the blade tip process platform (18).