CN114749687B

CN114749687B - Machine tool gear spindle with active cooling protection function

Info

Publication number: CN114749687B
Application number: CN202210671913.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈亮; 吴明刚; 曾燚; 刘涛
Original assignee: Okada Precision Machinery Changzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Okada Precision Machinery Changzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-15
Filing date: 2022-06-15
Publication date: 2022-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-15
Also published as: CN114749687A

Abstract

The invention discloses a machine tool gear spindle with active cooling protection, which comprises a spindle, a cooling mechanism, a flow increasing mechanism and a pressurizing and blowing mechanism, wherein the cooling mechanism comprises a protection main barrel arranged outside the spindle, a limiting groove arranged outside the protection main barrel and an annular hole arranged outside the protection main barrel and positioned right above the limiting groove. Through setting up the footstock of equipment in the inside cavity of protection main drum, a pedestal, the screwed pipe, the standpipe, honeycomb duct and drive assembly, and fill its two-thirds of volume coolant liquid in the subassembly inside of several formation intercommunication cavitys, and set up evenly distributed's rectangular slotted hole and densely distributed's gas pocket respectively in the upper end and the lower extreme outside the protection main drum, in the twinkling of an eye when protection main drum bodily rotation, it can drive rotatory impeller and rotate inside the lathe, and with outside air current along the inside of leading-in of gas hood inner chamber protection main drum, and finally discharge from the gas pocket, thereby can make protection main drum and main shaft whole realize the self-loopa cooling under high-speed rotation.

Description

Machine tool gear spindle with active cooling protection

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool spindles, in particular to a machine tool gear spindle with active cooling protection.

Background

The numerical control machine tool can generate high heat during working, so that the temperature of a main shaft in the machine tool is continuously increased, when the temperature of the main shaft is increased to a certain heat value, parts in the main shaft can be easily damaged, and the main shaft is an important component in the numerical control machine tool, so that the lubricating and cooling of the main shaft become important.

At present, the cooling of the machine tool spindle is performed by a lubricating cooling treatment mode in the market, the treatment mode needs to be performed by circulating lubrication with grease and oil liquid, and an oil mist and oil gas lubrication mode is performed at high speed, but when the grease lubrication is performed, the sealing amount of the spindle bearing is usually 10% of the volume of the bearing space, and once the grease body is excessively mounted, the spindle heating is accelerated.

According to the above, how to solve the problem of realizing the self-circulation cooling treatment of the machine tool spindle when the machine tool spindle is used in high-speed rotation is the technical difficulty to be solved by the invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving one of the technical problems of the prior art or the related art.

Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a machine tool gear spindle with active cooling protection comprises a spindle, a cooling mechanism, a flow increasing mechanism and a pressurizing and blowing mechanism, wherein the cooling mechanism comprises a main protection barrel arranged outside the spindle, a limiting groove arranged outside the main protection barrel, a ring hole arranged outside the main protection barrel and positioned right above the limiting groove, an inner pad arranged inside the main protection barrel, a protection pad movably arranged inside the inner pad, two drainage assemblies arranged in an inner cavity of the main protection barrel and a flow guide pipe connected to the drainage assemblies, each drainage assembly comprises a spiral pipe positioned inside the inner pad and a vertical pipe arranged on the spiral pipe, the flow increasing mechanism comprises a rotary impeller arranged on the inner wall of the ring hole, an air hood movably arranged inside the limiting groove, a restraining fastener arranged in the middle of the inner side of the air hood, a positioning impeller connected to the upper end of the inner side of the air hood and a gear piece arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the air hood, the supercharging blast mechanism comprises a base plate arranged in a protection main barrel, a top seat connected to the bottom of the base plate, a base located under the top seat and arranged at the bottom of an inner cavity of the protection main barrel, two ring pipes respectively arranged on the top seat and the base, and a transmission assembly arranged in the inner pad, wherein the transmission assembly comprises an inner barrel connected to the top seat, a screw movably arranged in the inner barrel, a clamping ring arranged at the bottom end of the screw and a crawler connected to the clamping ring.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: annular perpendicular hole has been seted up to the inner wall of a protection main section of thick bamboo, the protection main section of thick bamboo is located spacing groove and ring opening middle part outside and has been seted up evenly distributed's rectangular channel hole, and the bottom in the protection main section of thick bamboo outside sets up the intensive gas pocket that is the annular distribution, and the inside of interior pad sets up the perpendicular hole of adaptation in the protection pad, and sets up the exhaust recess between two adjacent perpendicular holes in the interior pad, wherein, the protection pad wholly comprises two butt joint formula T font ceramic sleeves.

By adopting the technical scheme, the bottom of the main protection barrel is provided with the round hole adaptive to the inner diameter of the screw, the track is positioned under the main protection barrel, the clamping ring is movably sleeved in the annular groove outside the track, the vertical pipe is integrally vertical in an L shape, the transverse protruding port outside the vertical pipe is communicated with the annular pipe, and the bottom end of the vertical pipe is provided with the hole groove adaptive to the T-shaped end head at the outer end of the flow guide pipe.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: rotatory impeller is that the blade welding that is thirty degrees by packing ring and inclination forms, the location impeller is forty-five degrees inclination blade, and location impeller blade inclination direction and rotatory impeller inner blade inclination opposite direction, in addition, restraint fastener overall cross-section is the U font, and just retrains the inboard U-shaped notch adaptation of fastener and retrain the top and the bottom of rotatory impeller inner blade.

By adopting the technical scheme, the positioning impellers are uniformly distributed on the top of the inner side of the gas hood, the inclination angle of the positioning impellers is forty-five degrees, and meanwhile, the transverse length of the blades of the positioning impellers is the same as the gap distance between the gas hood and the main protection cylinder, so that foreign matters are prevented from flowing into the main protection cylinder.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the inside cylindrical cavity that inwards caves in and retrain in the inner tube outer end that all sets up of footstock and base, and the cylindrical cavity of footstock and base communicates with two ring canals respectively, and simultaneously, outside bellied fixture block has all been seted up to the top and the bottom of inner tube, and has seted up in the protruding fixture block in inner tube top and bottom and follow the screw rod and be the water conservancy diversion hole of circumference distribution, the screw rod is formed by montant, helical blade, bearing and drive gear combination.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize and set up at inner tube top and bottom along the water conservancy diversion hole that the inner tube distributes for the circumference, utilize the self-loopa of inner tube, combine helical blade on the montant to the directional blast of the inside coolant liquid of inner tube that gushes into, utilize two screwed pipe, standpipe, honeycomb duct, inner tube, footstock and the holistic connected state of base to carry out the energy-absorbing.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the top seat, the base, the spiral pipe, the vertical pipe, the flow guide pipe and the transmission assembly are arranged and assembled in the cavity inside the protection main cylinder, two thirds of cooling liquid in the volume of the assemblies forming the communicated cavity is filled in the assemblies, and the upper end and the lower end of the outer side of the protection main cylinder are respectively provided with the rectangular slotted holes and the air holes which are distributed densely, so that when the protection main cylinder integrally rotates, the protection main cylinder can drive the rotary impeller to rotate inside the machine tool, external air flow is introduced into the protection main cylinder along the inner cavity of the air hood and is finally discharged from the air holes, and the protection main cylinder and the main shaft can be enabled to integrally realize self-circulation cooling under the action of high-speed rotation.

2. According to the invention, when the main shaft and the protection main cylinder integrally rotate, the plurality of annularly distributed screw rods are arranged, the caterpillar bands are arranged at the bottom ends of the screw rods, the plurality of caterpillar bands are in transmission connection by the aid of the clamping rings, after the gears are meshed with the gears at the bottom ends of the screw rods when the machine tool is in a standing and fixed state, the gears are passively rotated by the self rotation of the protection main cylinder, the screw rods movably arranged in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder can drive cooling liquid in the inner cavity of the inner cylinder to realize directional flow, and the double cooling of air flow flowing into the protection main cylinder is combined in the flowing process, so that the heat energy conduction in the protection main cylinder can be effectively accelerated, and the integral cooling capacity of the main shaft is greatly accelerated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal dispersion and partial cross-section of FIG. 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal dispersion of FIG. 4 according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the dispersion of FIG. 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic bottom view of the embodiment of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the dispersion and partial cross-section of FIG. 6 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals are as follows:

100. a main shaft;

200. a cooling mechanism; 210. a protective main cylinder; 220. a limiting groove; 230. annular ring; 240. an inner cushion; 250. a pad; 260. a drainage assembly; 261. a solenoid; 262. a vertical tube; 270. a flow guide pipe;

300. a flow increasing mechanism; 310. a gas hood; 320. a gear member; 330. a restraining fastener; 340. positioning the impeller; 350. rotating the impeller;

400. a pressure boost pumping mechanism; 410. a top seat; 420. a base plate; 430. a transmission assembly; 431. an inner barrel; 432. a screw; 433. a clamping ring; 434. a crawler belt; 440. a base; 450. an impervious shaft; 460. and (3) a ring pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

It is to be understood that this description is made only by way of example and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention.

The following describes a machine tool gear spindle with active cooling protection provided by some embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 1 to 8, the gear spindle of a machine tool with active cooling protection provided by the present invention includes a spindle 100, a cooling mechanism 200, a flow increasing mechanism 300, and a pressure-increasing driving mechanism 400, wherein the cooling mechanism 200 is mounted on the spindle 100, the flow increasing mechanism 300 is movably mounted outside the cooling mechanism 200, and the pressure-increasing driving mechanism 400 is connected inside the cooling mechanism 200.

The cooling mechanism 200 comprises a main protection cylinder 210, a limiting groove 220, a ring hole 230, an inner pad 240, a protection pad 250, a drainage assembly 260 and a drainage tube 270, wherein the drainage assembly 260 further comprises a spiral tube 261 and a vertical tube 262, the flow increasing mechanism 300 comprises an air hood 310, a gear piece 320, a constraint fastener 330, a positioning impeller 340 and a rotating impeller 350, the pressurizing and blowing mechanism 400 comprises a top seat 410, a backing plate 420, a transmission assembly 430, a base 440,

impervious shafts

450 and 460, and the transmission assembly 430 further comprises an inner cylinder 431, a screw 432, a clamping ring 433 and a track 434.

Specifically, the main protection cylinder 210 is installed outside the spindle 100, the limiting groove 220 is opened outside the main protection cylinder 210, the annular hole 230 is opened outside the main protection cylinder 210 and is located right above the limiting groove 220, the inner pad 240 is installed inside the main protection cylinder 210, the protection pad 250 is movably installed inside the inner pad 240, the two drainage assemblies 260 are located in the inner cavity of the main protection cylinder 210, the drainage tube 270 is connected to the drainage assemblies 260, the spiral tube 261 is located inside the inner pad 240, the vertical tube 262 is installed on the spiral tube 261, the rotary impeller 350 is installed on the inner wall of the annular hole 230, the air hood 310 is movably installed inside the limiting groove 220, the restraint fastener 330 is installed in the middle of the inner side of the air hood 310, the positioning impeller 340 is connected to the upper end of the inner side of the air hood 310, the gear 320 is installed at the bottom of the outer side of the air hood 310, the backing plate 420 is installed inside the main protection cylinder 210, the top seat 410 is connected to the bottom of the backing plate 420, the base 440 is located right below the top seat 410 and is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the main protection cylinder 210, two collars 460 are respectively installed on the top base 410 and the base 440, the driving assembly 430 is installed inside the inner pad 240, the inner cylinder 431 is connected to the top base 410, the screw 432 is movably installed inside the inner cylinder 431, the clamping ring 433 is installed at the bottom end of the screw 432, and the caterpillar 434 is connected to the clamping ring 433.

The second embodiment:

referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6, on the basis of the first embodiment, the inner wall of the main protection cylinder 210 is provided with annular vertical holes, rectangular slots are uniformly distributed in the middle grooves of the limiting slot 220 and the annular hole 230 outside the main protection cylinder 210, dense air holes are annularly distributed in the bottom of the outer side of the main protection cylinder 210, vertical holes adapted to the protection pad 250 are formed in the inner pad 240, and an exhaust groove is formed between two adjacent vertical holes in the inner pad 240, wherein the protection pad 250 is integrally formed by two butt-joint T-shaped ceramic sleeves.

Be located protection main section of thick bamboo 210 with track 434 under, and utilize the activity of clamp ring 433 to cup joint in the outside annular groove of track 434, and standpipe 262 wholly is vertical L shape, the outside horizontal protruding port of standpipe 262 communicates in ring pipe 460, the hole groove of adaptation in honeycomb duct 270 outer end T font end is seted up to the bottom of standpipe 262, combine protection main section of thick bamboo 210 outside gas pocket and rectangular groove hole and drive assembly 430 to drive surging of air current, combine the self-loopa of screw rod 432 to rotate simultaneously, thereby can effectively improve the holistic cooling efficiency of device.

Example three:

referring to fig. 3 and 4, on the basis of the first embodiment, the rotating impeller 350 is formed by welding a gasket and a blade having an inclination of thirty degrees, the positioning impeller 340 is a blade having an inclination of forty-five degrees, the direction of the inclination of the blade of the positioning impeller 340 is opposite to the direction of the inclination of the blade in the rotating impeller 350, in addition, the whole cross section of the constraining fastener 330 is U-shaped, and the U-shaped notch on the inner side of the constraining fastener 330 is adapted to be constrained at the top and the bottom of the blade in the rotating impeller 350.

The inclination angle of the positioning impeller 340 is a forty-five degree angle, and the cross-sectional length of the blades of the positioning impeller 340 is the same as the gap distance between the gas hood 310 and the protection main cylinder 210, so that the foreign matters in the machine tool can be effectively blocked, the phenomenon that the foreign matters flow into the protection main cylinder 210 and then airflow in the cavity inside the protection main cylinder 210 is not circulated is reduced.

Example four:

with reference to fig. 3, 6, 7 and 8, on the basis of the first embodiment, the top seat 410 and the base 440 are both provided with a cylindrical cavity which is recessed inwards and is constrained at the outer end of the inner cylinder 431, the cylindrical cavities of the top seat 410 and the base 440 are respectively communicated with the two circular tubes 460, meanwhile, the top and the bottom of the inner cylinder 431 are both provided with clamping blocks which are raised outwards, the top and the bottom of the inner cylinder 431 are provided with flow guide holes which are distributed along the circumference of the screw rod 432, and the screw rod 432 is formed by combining a vertical rod, a helical blade, a bearing and a transmission gear.

By utilizing the self-circulation of the inner cylinder 431 and combining the directional blast of the helical blades on the vertical rod to the cooling liquid flowing into the inner cylinder 431, the whole communication state of the two spiral pipes 261, the vertical pipe 262, the flow guide pipe 270, the inner cylinder 431, the top seat 410 and the base 440 is utilized, so that the absorption and the discharge of the heat energy on the device by the cooling liquid can be accelerated.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows:

when in use: an operator needs to movably mount the screw 432 inside the inner cylinder 431 in advance, penetrate the bottom end of the screw 432 to the outside of the inner cylinder 431, make the screw pass through the inner cavity of the base 440 and finally extend to the bottom of the protection main cylinder 210, then insert one end of the spiral pipe 261 along the groove on the inner wall of the protection main cylinder 210, make the whole spiral pipe 261 finally surround the groove on the inner wall of the protection main cylinder 210, then use the vertical pipe 262 to integrally form the annular spiral pipe 261 in a communicating manner, then respectively connect the two ends of the flow guide pipe 270 to the two adjacent ends of the two spiral pipes 261, then mount the other end of the transmission assembly 430 penetrating inside the base 440 to the inside of the top seat 410, during this period, the operator needs to move the protection pad 250 transversely along the outside of the inner cylinder 431 until the protection pad 250 is inserted into the concave hole inside the inner pad 240 and fix the inner cylinder 431, then, an operator needs to introduce a cooling liquid along one end of one unsealed spiral pipe 261, inject the cooling liquid into two spiral pipes 261, a vertical pipe 262, a flow guide pipe 270, an inner cylinder 431, a top seat 410 and a base 440, so as to reserve part of air in a cavity formed by the above components, then communicate and seal one spiral pipe 261 of the flow port with a circular pipe 460, so as to form an internal circulation state in the basic mechanism, then install a rotary impeller 350 on the inner wall of a circular hole 230, then install an array of positioning impellers 340 on the top of the inner side of an air hood 310, simultaneously ensure that a constraint fastener 330 installed in the middle of the inner side of the air hood 310 is adapted and constrained to the outside of the rotary impeller 350, then install the air hood 310 integrally and movably on the inner side of a limiting groove 220, and then adjust a clamping ring 433 installed on the gear end at the bottom of a plurality of screws 432, make a plurality of clamp rings 433 that are the annular distribution be located impartial level, then reuse track 434 with a plurality of clamp rings 433 carry out the nature of restraint and connect, after protection main section of thick bamboo 210 wholly rotates, install rotatory impeller 350 on the inner wall of trepanning 230 can be along with the whole high-speed rotation that lasts of protection main section of thick bamboo 210, need fix gas hood 310 at the inside folder inboard of lathe this moment, after outside air current blows to gas hood 310 inner chamber through rotatory impeller 350, the drainage of air current along the rectangular channel hole that protection main section of thick bamboo 210 outside was seted up, and set up evenly distributed's gas pocket on the protection main section of thick bamboo 210 bottom outside and to introducing the emission of protection main section of thick bamboo 210 inner chamber hot gas flow, and combine screw 432 to produce the power of drainage to inner tube 431 inner chamber coolant liquid during rotatory, thereby can effectively realize the whole rapid cooling when using of main shaft 100.

In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used broadly and encompass, for example, a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, and a connection may be a direct connection or an indirect connection via intermediate media. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted to," "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine tool gear spindle with active cooling protection, comprising a spindle (100), characterized in that;

the cooling mechanism (200) is arranged outside the main shaft (100) and comprises a protection main cylinder (210) arranged outside the main shaft (100), a limiting groove (220) arranged outside the protection main cylinder (210), a ring hole (230) arranged outside the protection main cylinder (210) and positioned right above the limiting groove (220), an inner pad (240) arranged inside the protection main cylinder (210), a protection pad (250) movably arranged inside the inner pad (240), two drainage components (260) positioned in an inner cavity of the protection main cylinder (210) and a drainage pipe (270) connected to the drainage components (260);

the drainage assembly (260) comprises a spiral pipe (261) positioned at the inner side of the inner pad (240) and a vertical pipe (262) arranged on the spiral pipe (261);

the flow increasing mechanism (300) arranged on the cooling mechanism (200) comprises a rotating impeller (350) arranged on the inner wall of the annular hole (230), an air hood (310) movably arranged on the inner side of the limiting groove (220), a restraining fastener (330) arranged in the middle of the inner side of the air hood (310), a positioning impeller (340) connected to the upper end of the inner side of the air hood (310) and a gear piece (320) arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the air hood (310);

the pressurizing and blowing mechanism (400) is connected to the cooling mechanism (200) and comprises a base plate (420) arranged inside the protective main cylinder (210), a top seat (410) connected to the bottom of the base plate (420), a base (440) located right below the top seat (410) and arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the protective main cylinder (210), an anti-seepage shaft (450) arranged at the bottom end of the base (440), two circular pipes (460) respectively arranged on the top seat (410) and the base (440) and a transmission assembly (430) arranged inside the inner pad (240);

the transmission assembly (430) comprises an inner cylinder (431) connected to the top seat (410), a screw rod (432) movably arranged in the inner cylinder (431), a clamping ring (433) arranged at the bottom end of the screw rod (432), and a crawler (434) connected to the clamping ring (433).

2. The gear spindle with the active cooling protection function for the machine tool is characterized in that annular vertical holes are formed in the inner wall of the protection main cylinder (210), rectangular grooves are uniformly distributed in grooves in the middle of the limiting groove (220) and the annular hole (230) outside the protection main cylinder (210), and dense air holes are distributed in an annular shape at the bottom of the outer side of the protection main cylinder (210).

3. The gear spindle with active cooling protection for the machine tool is characterized in that the inner pad (240) is internally provided with vertical holes adapted to the protection pad (250), and an exhaust groove is formed between two adjacent vertical holes in the inner pad (240).

4. The gear spindle with active cooling protection for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that the pad (250) is integrally composed of two butt-joint T-shaped ceramic sleeves.

5. The gear spindle with active cooling protection for the machine tool is characterized in that the rotating impeller (350) is formed by welding a gasket and blades with thirty-degree inclination angles, the positioning impeller (340) is a forty-five-degree inclination angle blade, and the inclination angle direction of the blades of the positioning impeller (340) is opposite to that of the blades in the rotating impeller (350).

6. The main gear shaft with active cooling protection for machine tool according to claim 5 is characterized in that the restraining fastener (330) is U-shaped in overall cross section, and the U-shaped notches on the inner side of the restraining fastener (330) are adapted to be restrained on the top and bottom of the blades in the rotating impeller (350).

7. The gear spindle with active cooling protection for the machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the top seat (410) and the base (440) are both provided with a cylindrical cavity therein, which is recessed inwards and constrained at the outer end of the inner cylinder (431), and the cylindrical cavities of the top seat (410) and the base (440) are respectively communicated with two collars (460).

8. The active cooling protection machine tool gear spindle according to claim 1, wherein the top and bottom of the inner cylinder (431) are provided with outward protruding blocks, and the top and bottom protruding blocks of the inner cylinder (431) are provided with flow guide holes distributed circumferentially along the screw rod (432), and the screw rod (432) is formed by combining a vertical rod, a helical blade, a bearing and a transmission gear.