CN114747577A - 一种增效型农药拌种剂及其使用方法 - Google Patents
一种增效型农药拌种剂及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114747577A CN114747577A CN202210596519.5A CN202210596519A CN114747577A CN 114747577 A CN114747577 A CN 114747577A CN 202210596519 A CN202210596519 A CN 202210596519A CN 114747577 A CN114747577 A CN 114747577A
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- seed dressing
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于农作物拌种剂领域，具体涉及一种增效型农药拌种剂及其使用方法，所述增效型农药拌种剂的有效成分由活性组分A和活性组分B组成，所述活性组分A为增胺酯，所述活性组分B为600g/L吡虫啉、25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈、30g/L苯醚甲环唑或8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇；其中，所述增胺酯为辛酸二乙胺基乙醇酯苹果酸盐。本发明增效型农药拌种剂的增效物质为增胺酯，使用本发明的增效型农药拌种剂处理花生、小麦、玉米、棉花作物种子，可以促进作物种子的萌发和根系生长，增加生物量的积累。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农作物拌种剂领域，具体涉及一种增效型农药拌种剂及其使用方法。
背景技术
拌种剂是指在种子外面均匀包裹一层药剂，以农药原药(杀虫剂、杀菌剂、植物生长调节剂等)、成膜剂及其它功能性助剂(抗冻剂、抗旱剂和除草剂安全剂等)为原料，经过特殊工艺加工而成，可以直接或经过复配、溶解、稀释后包裹于作物种子表面，能有效地防治多种病虫害。自上世纪末期我国开始在主要粮食作物上大面积使用种衣剂以来，给农业生产带来了很多益处。
我国拌种剂登记的成分主要有：
杀菌剂：苯醚甲环唑、咯菌腈、精甲霜灵、戊唑醇、福美双、噁霉灵、嘧菌酯等；
杀虫剂：吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、氟虫腈、氯氰菊酯、克百威、毒死蜱、辛硫磷等。
具体产品单剂、两种或三种成分复配均有。
随着种衣剂的大面积使用，其安全性问题也开始受到国内外学者的关注。早在1950年Burgesse就发现了包衣药剂会导致作物种子发芽势降低。作物种子外面包裹了一层种衣剂后，种子发芽多了一道工序，需先穿破种皮，再突破药膜，才能继续发芽出土，如果是未拌种的种子，只需突破种子自身的种皮即可，因此，在出苗的时间上，拌种的种子会慢一些。拌种剂的农药成分对种子的影响以及对根际微生物和有益昆虫的影响已也是不争的事实，并且对农作物生长发育产生抑制和一定毒害作用，在农业生产中由于拌种剂使用不当等原因，易导致作物发芽势、发芽率降低、出苗迟缓、叶片畸形、生长停滞等症状发生。许多商品种衣剂品种之间只是有效成分配比不同，不合理的配方更易导致药害的发生，一旦发生拌种剂影响作物出苗问题，将给生产带来严重损失。
在种衣剂的研究和应用中不能只关注对靶标生物的防效，还应关注并减少其对种子和幼苗生长等带来的副作用，以最大限度地发挥种衣剂在农作物安全生产及食品安全和农业生态系统健康发展中的作用。因此，本发明研究开发了一种配合种衣剂使用的活性成分增胺酯，其中，增胺酯是辛酸二乙胺基乙醇酯苹果酸盐，根据CN 113754550A专利报道显示其具有促进肥料增效的作用，并且按照该专利所述方法制得，本发明研究发现增胺酯可以避免或缓解种衣剂副作用，不仅可以防虫防病还能够使种子快发芽、出苗整齐，促进根系发育使作物健康生长，对农业生产具有十分重要的积极意义。
发明内容
为了解决上述存在的问题，本发明提供了一种增效型农药拌种剂，该拌种剂具有提高种子发芽率、发芽速度、促进生根壮苗的效果。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案如下：
一种增效型农药拌种剂，有效成分由活性组分A和活性组分B组成，所述活性组分A为增胺酯，所述活性组分B为600g/L吡虫啉、25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈、30g/L苯醚甲环唑或8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇；
其中，所述增胺酯为辛酸二乙胺基乙醇酯苹果酸盐，其结构式如下：
进一步地，所述活性组分B为600g/L吡虫啉时，增胺酯与600g/L吡虫啉的质量体积比为1g:100～200ml，优选为1g:120ml。
进一步地，所述活性组分B为25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈时，增胺酯与25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈的重量比为1:50～100，优选为1:70。
进一步地，所述活性组分B为30g/L苯醚甲环唑时，增胺酯与30g/L苯醚甲环唑的质量体积比为1g:20～100ml，优选为1g:50ml。
进一步地，所述活性组分B为8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇时，增胺酯与8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇的重量比为1:20～100，优选为1:50。
进一步地，所述增效型农药拌种剂还包含配制种衣剂所需的助剂组分，配制的制剂剂型为悬浮种衣剂。
进一步地，所述助剂组分为润湿剂、分散剂、增稠剂、抗冻剂、成膜剂、警戒色和水。
加工成一般悬浮种衣剂时，可依据本领域的惯例并依据需要添加各类助剂，具体的，润湿剂选自脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚及硫酸盐类阴离子化合物、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、磷酸酯中的一种或几种；分散剂选自木质素磺酸盐、聚羧酸盐、萘磺酸盐中的一种或几种；增稠剂选自黄原胶、瓜尔胶、聚丙烯酰胺、硅酸镁铝、羧甲基纤维素中的一种或几种；抗冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇中的一种或几种；成膜剂选自丙烯酸树脂、树胶或聚乙二醇；警戒色选自耐晒大红BBN、玫瑰精或亮红3117。
进一步地，将增效型农药拌种剂加到种子中，搅拌均匀使拌种剂均匀附着在种子表面，晾干后播种即可；其中，搅拌方式为通过拌种机搅拌或人工搅拌，在拌种使用时活性组分A的用量为2～20g/100kg种子。
进一步地，使用所述增效型农药拌种剂处理花生、小麦、玉米、棉花作物种子，可以促进作物种子的萌发和根系生长，增加生物量的积累。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1.使用本发明的增效型农药拌种剂处理花生、小麦、玉米、棉花作物种子，可以促进作物种子的萌发和根系生长，增加生物量的积累。
2.本发明的增效型农药拌种剂，增效物质为有效成分增胺酯，其为辛酸二乙胺基乙醇酯苹果酸盐，增胺酯为配合种衣剂使用的活性组分，可以避免或缓解种衣剂的副作用，不仅可以防虫防病还能够使种子快发芽、出苗整齐，促进根系发育使作物健康生长，对农业生产具有十分重要的积极意义。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的实施方式作进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例的增效型农药拌种剂，由以下组分组成：增胺酯8.33g，吡虫啉600g，聚羧酸盐30g、萘磺酸盐30g、丙三醇10g、硫酸盐20g、硅酸镁铝1g、亮红31175g、丙烯酸树脂5g、余量水补足1L，制成608.33g/L吡虫啉·增胺酯悬浮种衣剂。
实施例2
本实施例的增效型农药拌种剂，由以下质量百分比的组分组成：增胺酯2％，氟虫腈6％、戊唑醇2％、木质素磺酸盐4％、聚羧酸盐2％、聚氧乙烯醚2％、黄原胶0.2％、玫瑰精0.5％，丙二醇1％、树胶0.3％，余量水补足100％，制成10％氟虫腈·戊唑醇·增胺酯悬浮种衣剂。
实施例3
本实施例的增效型农药拌种剂，由以下质量百分比的组分组成：增胺酯1.43％，噻虫嗪22.2％、1.7％精甲霜灵、1.1％咯菌腈，萘磺酸盐4％、聚羧酸盐2％、聚氧乙烯醚2％、黄原胶0.1％、亮红31170.5％，丙二醇1％、丙烯酸树脂0.2％，余量水补足100％，制成26.43％增胺酯·噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂。
实施例4
本实施例的增效型农药拌种剂，由以下组分组成：增胺酯20g，苯醚甲环唑30g、萘磺酸盐20g、聚羧酸盐30g、十二烷基苯磺酸钠20g、黄原胶2g、耐晒大红BBN 5g，丙二醇20g、聚乙二醇3g，余量水补足1L，制成50g/L苯醚甲环唑·增胺酯悬浮种衣剂。
以上实施例农药和增胺酯均为折百量，可按照农药悬浮剂生产工艺和设备加工而成。
药效试验：
试验时间：2022年2月9日～2022年4月30日。
试验作物：花生、小麦、玉米、棉花。
试验地点：河南省作物化控研究中心生测室。
防治对象：拌种调节生长
试验药剂：按照实施例1～4制备的药剂，由河南省作物化控研究中心实验室配置，600g/L吡虫啉、25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈、30g/L苯醚甲环唑、增胺酯原药均为郑州郑氏化工产品有限公司生产，8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇为市购。
试验方法步骤：采用室内盆栽试验方法，供试玉米品种为郑单958，小麦种子为济麦22，花生种子为大白沙，棉花种子为大懒汉棉桃。选用实施例1～4处理获得的拌种剂以及对比试验药剂，按照相应的药种比例均匀拌种1公斤作物种子，通风晾6h后播种在盆钵中。基质采用沙质土壤。其中，小麦每盆播种50粒，玉米每盆播种6粒，花生采用穴盘每处理12株，棉花每盆6粒，重复4次。处理后移入温室常规培养，试验期间始终保持土层湿润。期间每天观察种子的发芽情况，记录种子每天发芽数量直到不再增加，最后调查作物的株高、根长、生物量等指标。小麦计算5天发芽率、玉米、棉花和花生计算统计7天发芽率，同时统计计算发芽指数。
发芽率(％)＝正常发芽种子数/供试种子数×100；
发芽势为种子第4天的发芽率；
发芽指数(Gi)＝∑Gt/Dt，式中Gt为t时间内的发芽数，Dt为相应的发芽天数，Gi越大，表明发芽速度越快。
表1试验设计
表2 600g/L吡虫啉复配拌种剂对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
注：用量是指每100kg种子所用拌种剂的量，植株鲜重为每株作物的重量，以下表格同。
从表2数据可以看出，600g/L吡虫啉拌种对小麦种子发芽有一定的延缓作用，且发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均有所下降。按照实施例1添加增胺酯后小麦发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均有所提高。增胺酯复配600g/L吡虫啉拌种使小麦幼苗根长、株高、鲜重与空白对照、单用600g/L吡虫啉拌种相比均有提高，说明600g/L吡虫啉复配增胺酯后拌种对小麦种子的发芽有促进作用，同时促进小麦幼苗的增长，可以降低单一吡虫啉拌种对种子发芽及幼苗的不良影响。
表3 600g/L吡虫啉复配拌种剂对棉花种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
从表3数据可以看出，600g/L吡虫啉拌种对棉花种子发芽有一定的延缓作用，且发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均有所下降，而按照实施例1添加增胺酯后棉花发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均有所提高，幼苗期根长、株高、鲜重与空白对照、单用600g/L吡虫啉拌种相比均有所提高，说明600g/L吡虫啉复配增胺酯后对棉花种子的发芽有促进作用，同时促进棉花幼苗的增长。
表4 8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇复配拌种剂对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
从表4数据可以看出，8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇拌种对玉米种子发芽有一定的延缓作用，发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均下降。按照实施例2添加增胺酯后玉米芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均有所提高。增胺酯复配8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇拌种使玉米幼苗根长、株高、鲜重与空白对照、单用8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇拌种相比均有提高，说明8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇复配增胺酯后对玉米种子的发芽有促进作用，同时促进玉米幼苗的增长。
表5 25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈复配拌种剂对花生种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
从表5数据可以看出，25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈拌种对花生种子发芽有一定的延缓作用，发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均下降。按照实施例3添加增胺酯后花生发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均有所提高。增胺酯复配25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈拌种使玉米幼苗根长、株高、鲜重与空白对照、单用25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈拌种相比均有提高，说明25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈复配增胺酯后对花生种子的发芽有促进作用，增胺酯对25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈拌种剂有增效作用。
表6 30g/L苯醚甲环唑复配拌种剂对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
从表6数据可以看出，30g/L苯醚甲环唑拌种对小麦种子发芽有一定的延缓作用，且发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均有所下降。按照实施例4添加增胺酯后小麦发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均有所提高。说明30g/L苯醚甲环唑复配增胺酯后拌种对小麦种子的发芽有促进作用，增胺酯可以缓解单用拌种剂造成的小麦发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数降低的问题。
通过以上拌种试验表明，常规拌种剂添加了增胺酯复配后，对多种作物的种子发芽、幼苗生长均有不同程度的促进作用，这对于减轻拌种剂延缓种子发芽的副作用、提高拌种剂的药效发挥了重要作用，在农业生产上有积极的意义。
以上结合实施例对本发明做了进一步的说明，本领域内技术人员应当能够理解，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以对上述实施例中的各个具体参数进行变更或修饰，从而形成多个具体的实施例，均为本发明的常见变化范围，在此不再逐个说明。
Claims (9)
1.一种增效型农药拌种剂，其特征在于，所述增效型农药拌种剂的有效成分由活性组分A和活性组分B组成，所述活性组分A为增胺酯，所述活性组分B为600g/L吡虫啉、25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈、30g/L苯醚甲环唑或8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇；
其中，所述增胺酯为辛酸二乙胺基乙醇酯苹果酸盐，其结构式如下：
2.如权利要求1所述的增效型农药拌种剂，其特征在于，所述活性组分B为600g/L吡虫啉时，增胺酯与600g/L吡虫啉的质量体积比为1g:100～200ml。
3.如权利要求1所述的增效型农药拌种剂，其特征在于，所述活性组分B为25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈时，增胺酯与25％噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈的重量比为1:50～100。
4.如权利要求1所述的增效型农药拌种剂，其特征在于，所述活性组分B为30g/L苯醚甲环唑时，增胺酯与30g/L苯醚甲环唑的质量体积比为1g:20～100ml。
5.如权利要求1所述的增效型农药拌种剂，其特征在于，所述活性组分B为8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇时，增胺酯与8％氟虫腈·戊唑醇的重量比为1:20～100。
6.如权利要求1～5任一项所述的增效型农药拌种剂，其特征在于，所述增效型农药拌种剂还包含配制种衣剂所需的助剂组分，配制的制剂剂型为悬浮种衣剂。
7.如权利要求6所述的增效型农药拌种剂，其特征在于，所述助剂组分为润湿剂、分散剂、增稠剂、抗冻剂、成膜剂、警戒色和水。
8.如权利要求7所述的增效型农药拌种剂的使用方法，其特征在于，将增效型农药拌种剂加到种子中，搅拌均匀使拌种剂均匀附着在种子表面，晾干后播种即可；其中，搅拌方式为通过拌种机搅拌或人工搅拌，在拌种使用时活性组分A的用量为2～20g/100kg种子。
9.如权利要求8所述的增效型农药拌种剂的使用方法，其特征在于，使用所述增效型农药拌种剂处理花生、小麦、玉米、棉花作物种子，可以促进作物种子的萌发和根系生长，增加生物量的积累。
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