CN114745406A - Wide-area road condition information sharing system based on alliance chain - Google Patents
Wide-area road condition information sharing system based on alliance chain Download PDFInfo
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- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-area road condition information sharing system based on an alliance chain, which comprises a sensing communication layer, an authentication transaction layer and a block chain network layer, wherein a vehicle collects road condition information through a sensor and is processed through an on-board unit (OBU), and the vehicle and an RSU are authenticated through a Certificate Authority (CA) and registered to form an alliance chain node. And the vehicle requesting the road condition information issues a transaction in the system, executes a wide area road condition information sharing algorithm through the intelligent contract, and returns a sharing result to the requesting vehicle. And after waiting for vehicle verification information, performing reward and punishment on honest vehicles and malicious vehicles. According to the invention, the road condition information sharing system taking the vehicle request road section as the target is established based on the requirements and benefits of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technology of Internet of vehicles, in particular to a system for sharing wide-area road condition information based on a alliance chain.
Background
Along with the rapid development of our society, more and more roads are provided, more and more vehicles are driven on the roads, the following safety problem is also paid more and more attention, and therefore the acquisition of road condition information is more and more important.
At present, there are two main ways for car owners to obtain road condition information: (1) acquiring road condition information through radio broadcasting and news; (2) and searching corresponding road section information through the network. In the mode (1), most vehicle owners do not have the habits of listening to radio broadcasting and news, and the mode has low efficiency and poor pertinence, and the road condition information required by the vehicle owners are likely to be missed. The mode (2) can ensure that the road condition information required by the owner can be searched in a targeted manner, but the required road condition information can not be searched certainly, and the authenticity of the information on the network can not be ensured.
Some road condition information sharing systems exist at present, but the systems have the following defects:
(1) efficient and accurate information sharing systems and methods are lacking;
(2) only paying attention to and realizing the benefits and the requirements of the road condition information sharing system, and neglecting the personalized requirements and the benefits of the vehicle owner;
(3) the centralized platform management is easy to attack, and a single point breakdown is formed; lack of security in view of the information;
(4) the information sharing method has the advantages that reasonable reward and punishment mechanisms are lacked, honest vehicle sharing information cannot be widely stimulated, and meanwhile malicious behaviors of malicious vehicles cannot be prevented;
(5) and the sharing of the road condition information in a small range can be realized only in a single city, and the road condition information sharing scene in a wide area cannot be efficiently solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a system for sharing the wide-area road condition information based on the alliance chain.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a wide area road condition information sharing system based on an alliance chain, which comprises a perception communication layer, an authentication transaction layer and a block chain network layer;
the sensing communication layer is internally provided with a road test unit RSU, a base station BS and a vehicle, the vehicle automatically senses and collects relevant road condition data through a sensor of the vehicle, and then the vehicle communicates with the RSU through V2I; when a certain vehicle sends a road condition information sharing request, the road condition information is broadcasted to all other vehicles in the domain and a road test unit RSU through a base station; after receiving the road condition information sharing request of the requesting vehicle, other vehicles and the road side unit RSU transmit information to the requesting vehicle through the base station;
a Certificate Authority (CA) is arranged in the authentication transaction layer (such as a vehicle management), and the road side unit RSU and all vehicles needing to share road condition information need to be authenticated by the certificate authority CA and registered as coalition members to be added into a coalition as node vehicles; a Certificate Authority (CA) distributes a public key and a private key corresponding to each of the vehicle and the RSU; the method comprises the steps that after a vehicle needing road condition information sharing sends a request, wide-area road condition information sharing is achieved through an intelligent contract; the certificate authority CA verifies and updates the accounts of all sequencing node vehicles in the cluster by using a Raft consensus mechanism, namely, the Raft consensus mechanism verifies whether the transaction of a new block is legal or not, and judges whether the timestamp and the hash value of the block are correct or not; the block head of the generated new block comprises a version number, a random number, a time stamp, a hash value of the current block, a Mercker root and a hash value of the previous block; the block body also comprises a specific Mercker tree, an information sharing result and a reputation value;
the block chain network layer stores a road condition information sharing result and a credit value updating result; the vehicle that is verified to be successful is then rewarded continuously through a reward mechanism based on the vehicle contribution.
Further, a Certificate Authority (CA) in the authentication transaction layer grants a public key and a private key of a vehicle joining the alliance, and the public key is generated by a license plate number of the vehicle; the RSU is granted to join in the alliance, a public key and a private key are generated by the ID number of the RSU, the public keys of the vehicle and the RSU are public, and the private key is not public and is stored by the vehicle and the RSU; the secret keys (public key and private key) are used for encrypting vehicle generation messages and encrypting the messages during information transmission; the information encrypted by the private key is decrypted by the corresponding public key, and the information encrypted by the public key is decrypted by the corresponding private key.
Here, the vehicle administration is responsible for authentication as a certificate authority CA; vehicles needing information sharing and providing information sharing in a wide area pass CA authentication, are registered as coalition members and join in a coalition as nodes; in addition, at intervals, one RSU is registered as a member of the federation, ensuring that each road segment has a certain number of RSUs as nodes in the federation.
Further, the specific work content of the authentication transaction layer is as follows:
firstly, a vehicle needing information sharing sends a road condition information sharing request through a system client, wherein the road condition information sharing request comprises a specific target road section k, a reward e after successful sharing and a timestamp t, and the request is (k, e, t); (ii) a
Then, using a private key of the user to sign; the endorsement node vehicle verifies the signature of the user to ensure that the identity of the user has the right to execute the road condition information sharing request;
subsequently, executing the intelligent contract related to the transaction to generate a reply of the transaction; the endorsement node vehicles endorse the result after the intelligent contract is executed and add a signature to return to the user, the client verifies the signature and then sends the result to the sequencing node cluster, and the sequencing node vehicles use the raw consensus in the cluster; firstly, selecting a leader node vehicle, sending a result to the leader node vehicle, writing a transaction result into a new block by the leader node vehicle, broadcasting the transaction result to all follower node vehicles, verifying by the follower node vehicles, adding the new block into an account book of the leader node vehicle after the verification is passed, and updating the account book of the leader node vehicle after more than half of the follower vehicles receive response;
and finally, the sequencing node vehicle distributes the blocks to all nodes of the whole network for verification and updating.
The client side is the terminal of the vehicle, and the vehicle sends a request through the terminal of the vehicle to interact with each node in the block chain, namely other vehicles. The user refers to a vehicle proposing road condition information sharing.
Further, the execution flow of the intelligent contract is as follows:
after the transaction is generated, a target road section k is found through a global satellite positioning system, the traffic density in the current time period is calculated according to traffic flow data of roads in China cities provided by a traffic transportation department, a screening radius x is determined, and omega vehicles meeting the node threshold number are found in a square circle x;
secondly, screening out honest vehicles and punishment malicious vehicles according to the credit value, returning a result set of the honest vehicles to the request vehicle, and rewarding the vehicle which correctly provides information by the system after the request vehicle is successfully verified; if the vehicles meeting the threshold number are not found after the time exceeds the specified threshold value, the RSU in the square circle x is selected, when the sum of the number of the RSUs and the number of the vehicles reaches the specified threshold number omega, a result set of honest vehicles is returned to the requesting vehicle, and after the vehicle verification is successful, the system distributes the reward to the vehicles which forward correct information to the RSU for storage.
Further, the reputation values in the block chain network layer comprise a static reputation value and a dynamic reputation value, the reputation value represents the reputation score of each vehicle, and vehicle nodes with excellent performances can obtain higher reputation scores and are more likely to obtain rewards;
the static credit value comprises three evaluation indexes of the distance between the vehicle and a transaction target road section k, reliability and aggressiveness:
in the above formula, riRepresenting a reputation value for the ith vehicle;
representing the distance from the vehicle i to the transaction target road section k; n represents a set of vehicles within x kilometers of a k square circle of the target road segment; rijRepresenting the evaluation score of the jth vehicle to the ith vehicle; μ represents the mathematical expectation of the evaluation score; t represents the total number of transactions in the system, TiRepresenting the number of times that the ith vehicle participates in information sharing;
beta and gamma are weight coefficients;
since the wide area information sharing system cannot guarantee that a plurality of ω nodes meeting the node threshold join in a short time, the change of the reputation value along with the time must be considered, and the dynamic reputation value is calculated as follows:
in the above formula ri oldRepresenting the old reputation value of vehicle i,
representing the reputation value calculated by the formula (1) in the time t; delta denotes the time decay factor, 0<δ<1；
Since the wide area information sharing system needs to search for vehicles within x kilometers of a square circle of a transaction target road section k through a satellite positioning system, the traffic density calculation method is as follows:
a timestamp T ∈ [ W · Δ T, (W +1) Δ T ], W ═ 0,1,2 … W;
wherein p isk(w) represents the traffic density at road segment k over time period w; i iskA set of road segments representing an access road segment k; phi is aθ,kRepresenting the probability of a turn from road section θ to road section k;
indicating departure from a link k into a link
The probability of (d); l iskRepresents the length of the link k; o iskRepresents a set of road segments leaving road segment k;
indicating the number of cars departing from the m-leg during w,
indicating the number of cars that ended up traveling on the m-th road segment during w
The screening radius x corresponding to different road sections k is also different, and the value of x during each time period w is inversely related to the traffic flow density of the target road section k:
wherein x (w) represents the value of x corresponding to the w period; epsilon is a weight coefficient;
if the vehicle meeting the threshold node number omega is not found in the screening radius, adjusting the screening radius:
wherein xq(w) represents the value of x corresponding to the period w during the qth radius adjustment;
representing the ratio of the number omega of the threshold nodes to the vehicle set found in a k square circle of the target road section within x kilometers; ψ is a weight coefficient.
In order to obtain a better information sharing result, honest nodes can obtain higher rewards, and malicious nodes can be punished; in order to prevent the user from losing and promote the user to participate in the system for rewarding, the vehicle in the rewarding mechanism obtains the reward in the following two ways:
(1) when the system has a road condition information sharing request, the vehicles share the road condition information of the vehicles and obtain the successful verification of the requested vehicles;
(2) and the vehicle broadcasts the road condition information to the RSU for storage, and rewards are obtained if the shared information is successfully verified.
Further, in the first reward mode, when the vehicle is requested to issue a transaction, a reward e for successful transaction is given as a reward for a correctly recommended vehicle;
the system presets a trust threshold value, when the system carries out transaction, the reputation value of each vehicle in the participation information sharing vehicle set N is obtained through calculation in the step (1), when the vehicle reputation value is larger than or equal to the preset trust threshold value, the vehicle reputation value is regarded as an honest node, the honest node forms a set H, otherwise, the vehicle reputation value is regarded as a malicious node, and the malicious node is regarded as a malicious node set (N-H);
when the participants recommend, a small amount of guarantee fund d needs to be paid, if the nodes are malicious nodes, the guarantee fund is deducted once the nodes are identified, the part of guarantee fund is awarded to other honest nodes, and the system can remove or shield the malicious nodes;
after the vehicle verification information is requested, the honest nodes are divided into successfully verified nodes H ', successfully recommended rewards are obtained, and verification failure nodes H-H', which return the guarantee funds paid by the successfully verified nodes and obtain a small amount of rewards; each node participating in the information sharing may receive the following rewards:
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,direfers to the deposit of node vehicle i.
Further, in the second mode of reward, the vehicle broadcasts information to the nearby RSUs via V2I, which receive the information and record the vehicle ID and reputation value;
for vehicles with reputation values below a system preset threshold, the RSU will not save its information. If the target road section required by the request vehicle cannot find enough vehicles within the specified time, the system selects a plurality of RSUs within the radius x of the target road section k, and returns the information of the honest nodes to the request vehicle after the number of the RSUs and the number of the vehicles reach the specified threshold value;
after the vehicle verifies the information, if the road condition information is obtained from the RSU, the system can distribute the reward to the vehicle corresponding to the id.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) a three-layer system architecture consisting of a perception communication layer, an authentication transaction layer and a block chain network layer is established, and wide area road condition information can be efficiently and accurately shared;
(2) a brand-new wide area road condition information sharing algorithm is provided, and the problem of sharing road condition information can be efficiently solved;
(3) from the perspective of the demand and benefit of the vehicle, a road condition information sharing system aiming at realizing the vehicle request road section is established.
(4) A distributed block chain system is used for replacing a traditional centralized scheduling system, so that the robustness of the system is improved;
(5) an incentive mechanism based on credit value is added, honest nodes are rewarded, malicious nodes are punished, user loss is prevented, and long-term participation of users is promoted;
(6) the road condition information is encrypted by using a public key/private key of the vehicle and then transmitted, so that the safety of data and the privacy of the vehicle are ensured; the requested road condition information and credit value are written into a block chain account book and cannot be falsified.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a system implementation in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a system method in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of system consensus in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the system for sharing road condition information in a wide area based on a federation chain of the present embodiment includes a sensing communication layer, an authentication transaction layer, and a block chain network layer; the sensing communication layer is internally provided with a road test unit RSU, a base station BS and vehicles, and the vehicles automatically sense and collect relevant road condition data through sensors thereof and then communicate with the RSU through V2I; when a certain vehicle sends a road condition information sharing request, the road condition information is broadcasted to all other vehicles in the domain and a road test unit RSU through a base station; after receiving the road condition information sharing request of the request vehicle, the other vehicles and the road side unit RSU transmit the road condition information to the request vehicle through the base station; a Certificate Authority (CA) is arranged in the authentication transaction layer (such as a vehicle management), and the road side unit RSU and all vehicles needing to share road condition information need to be authenticated by the Certificate Authority (CA) and registered as coalition members to be added into a coalition as node vehicles; the certificate authority CA distributes corresponding public keys and private keys for the vehicles and the RSU respectively; the method comprises the steps that after a vehicle needing road condition information sharing sends a request, wide-area road condition information sharing is achieved through an intelligent contract; the certificate authority CA verifies and updates the accounts of all sequencing node vehicles in the cluster by using a Raft consensus mechanism, namely, whether the transaction of a new block is legal is verified by using the Raft consensus mechanism, and whether the timestamp and the hash value of the block are correct is judged; the block head of the generated new block comprises a version number, a random number, a time stamp, a hash value of the current block, a Mercker root and a hash value of the previous block; the block body also comprises a specific Mercker tree, an information sharing result and a reputation value; the block chain network layer stores a road condition information sharing result and a credit value updating result; the vehicle that is verified to be successful is then rewarded continuously through a reward mechanism based on the vehicle contribution.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the execution flow of the present embodiment is as follows:
step 201: all vehicles needing road condition information and willing to share the road condition information pass through Certificate Authority (CA) for authentication, and the CA grants respective public keys and private keys of each node; a vehicle needing road condition information sends a road condition information sharing request through a system client, wherein the request comprises a specific road section k, a reward e after successful sharing and a timestamp t, and the request is (k, e, t), and a private key of the vehicle is used for signing;
step 202: the endorsement node vehicle verifies the signature of the user and ensures that the identity of the user is authorized to execute the road condition information sharing request; then executing the intelligent contract related to the transaction to generate a reply of the transaction;
step 203: the endorsement node vehicles endorse the result after the intelligent contract is executed and add a signature to return to the user, the client verifies the signature and then sends the result to the sequencing node vehicle cluster, and the sequencing node vehicles use the raw consensus in the cluster per se; firstly, selecting a leader node vehicle, sending a result to the leader node vehicle, writing a transaction result into a new block by the leader node vehicle, broadcasting the transaction result to all follower node vehicles, verifying by the follower node vehicles, adding the new block into an account book of the leader node vehicle after the verification is passed, and updating the account book of the leader node vehicle after more than half of the follower vehicles receive response; the sequencing node vehicles then distribute the block to all node vehicles throughout the network for verification and updating.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 3, the specific process obtained in this embodiment is as follows:
step 301: vehicles needing wide area road condition information sharing join the alliance through CA authentication; the vehicle initiates a road condition information sharing request (k, e, t) through the client;
step 302: the system finds a road section k in the request through a global positioning system;
step 303: calculating the traffic flow density of the road section k in the corresponding time period through the traffic flow data of the Chinese city road provided by the traffic transportation part, and determining a search radius x;
step 304: counting the number of vehicles willing to share the road condition information within the search radius x, comparing the number with a threshold value, and if the number is smaller than the threshold value, entering step 305; otherwise, go to step 307;
step 305: searching vehicles in the section k by taking x as the radius each time, and if enough vehicles are not found after the time threshold is exceeded, entering step 306; otherwise, step 303 is entered, and the search radius x is adjusted;
step 306: because vehicles meeting the quantity requirement are not found within the specified time for information sharing, the system searches for the RSU within the range of the road section k by taking x as the radius, and when the total number of the RSU and the vehicles reaches the threshold value, the searching is stopped;
step 307: screening honest vehicles and malicious vehicles by combining the static credit values and the dynamic credit values, and sending information of the honest vehicles to a target vehicle;
step 308: waiting for the target vehicle to be verified, rewarding the vehicle with the correct recommendation information and the other honest vehicles, and punishing the malicious vehicle;
example four
As shown in fig. 4, the federation chain consensus method in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
the client signs the result of executing the intelligent contract by a private key and then sends the result to the sequencing node vehicle cluster;
the vehicle cluster election of the sequencing node generates a leader: after one node vehicle countdown is finished, the state of the node vehicle is changed into that an election is started by an election contestant, the node vehicle sends election requests to other node vehicles, more than half of the node vehicles are received to vote support, and the competitor node vehicle is elected as a leader node vehicle.
After receiving the message of the client, the leader node vehicle firstly verifies the signature, packs the result into a new block after the verification is successful, and broadcasts the new block to all follower node vehicles;
verifying the new block by the follower node vehicle, namely verifying whether the timestamp and the hash value in the block are correct or not; after the verification is successful, updating the local account book, and returning success to the leader node vehicle;
after the leader node vehicle receives more than half of successful responses, the local account book is updated, the update of the account book is completed in the sequencing cluster, the new block is broadcasted to the common node vehicle in the block chain network, and the common node vehicle updates the respective account book after verifying the new block, so that the current round of consensus is finished; otherwise, an error is returned to the client.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a wide area road conditions information sharing system based on alliance chain which characterized in that: the system comprises a perception communication layer, an authentication transaction layer and a block chain network layer;
the sensing communication layer is internally provided with a road test unit RSU, a base station BS and a vehicle, the vehicle automatically senses and collects relevant road condition data through a sensor of the vehicle, and then the vehicle communicates with the RSU through V2I; when a certain vehicle sends a road condition information sharing request, the road condition information is broadcasted to all other vehicles in the domain and a road test unit RSU through a base station; after receiving the request for sharing the road condition information of the requested vehicle, other vehicles and the road side unit RSU transmit the road condition information of the vehicle to the requested vehicle through the base station;
a Certificate Authority (CA) is arranged in the authentication transaction layer, and the Road Side Unit (RSU) and all vehicles needing to share road condition information need to be authenticated by the CA and registered as coalition members to be added into a coalition as node vehicles; the certificate authority CA distributes corresponding public keys and private keys for the vehicles and the RSU respectively; the method comprises the steps that after a vehicle needing road condition information sharing sends a request, wide-area road condition information sharing is achieved through an intelligent contract; verifying and updating accounts of all sequencing node vehicles in the cluster by a Certificate Authority (CA) by using a Raft consensus mechanism;
the block chain network layer stores a road condition information sharing result and a credit value updating result; the vehicle that is verified to be successful is then rewarded continuously through a reward mechanism based on the vehicle contribution.
2. The alliance chain based wide area traffic information sharing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a certificate authentication Center (CA) in the authentication transaction layer grants a public key and a private key of a vehicle joining the alliance, and the public key is generated by a license plate number of the vehicle; the RSU is granted to join in the alliance, a public key and a private key are generated by the ID number of the RSU, the public keys of the vehicle and the RSU are public, and the private key is not public and is stored by the vehicle and the RSU; the encryption of the vehicle generation message and the encryption during information transmission are carried out by the key; the information encrypted by the private key is decrypted by the corresponding public key, and the information encrypted by the public key is decrypted by the corresponding private key.
3. The alliance chain based wide area road condition information sharing system of claim 1, wherein: the specific work content of the authentication transaction layer is as follows:
firstly, a vehicle needing information sharing sends a road condition information sharing request through a system client, wherein the road condition information sharing request comprises a specific target road section k, a reward e after successful sharing and a timestamp t, and the request is (k, e, t);
then, using a private key of the user to sign; verifying, by the endorsement node vehicle, the signature of the user;
subsequently, executing the intelligent contract related to the transaction to generate a reply of the transaction; the endorsement node vehicles endorse the result after the intelligent contract is executed and add a signature to return to the user, the client verifies the signature and then sends the result to the sequencing node cluster, and the sequencing node vehicles use the raw consensus in the cluster; firstly, a leader node vehicle is selected, a result is sent to the leader node vehicle, the leader node vehicle writes a transaction result into a new block and broadcasts the transaction result to all follower node vehicles, the follower node vehicles carry out verification, the new block is added into an account book of the leader node vehicle after the verification is passed, and the leader node updates the account book after receiving more than half of follower responses;
and finally, the sequencing node vehicle distributes the blocks to all nodes of the whole network for verification and updating.
4. The alliance chain based wide area road condition information sharing system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the execution flow of the intelligent contract is as follows:
after the transaction is generated, a target road section k is found through a global satellite positioning system, the traffic flow density in the current time period is calculated, the screening radius x is determined, and omega vehicles meeting the node threshold number are found in a square circle x;
then screening out honest vehicles and punishing malicious vehicles according to the reputation value, returning a result set of the honest vehicles to the requesting vehicle, and rewarding the vehicle which correctly provides information by the system after the requesting vehicle is successfully verified; if the vehicles meeting the threshold number are not found after the time exceeds the specified threshold value, the RSU in the square circle x is selected, when the sum of the number of the RSUs and the number of the vehicles reaches the specified threshold number omega, a result set of honest vehicles is returned to the requesting vehicle, and after the vehicle verification is successful, the system distributes the reward to the vehicles which forward correct information to the RSU for storage.
5. The alliance chain based wide area road condition information sharing system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the reputation values in the blockchain network layer comprise static reputation values and dynamic reputation values;
the static reputation value comprises three evaluation indexes of the distance between the vehicle and the transaction target road section k, reliability and positivity:
in the above formula, riRepresenting a reputation value of an ith vehicle;
representing the distance from the vehicle i to the transaction target road section k; n represents a set of vehicles within x kilometers of a k square circle of the target road segment; r isijRepresenting the evaluation score of the jth vehicle to the ith vehicle; μ represents the mathematical expectation of the evaluation score; t represents the total number of transactions in the system, TiRepresenting the number of times that the ith vehicle participates in information sharing;
beta and gamma are weight coefficients;
the dynamic reputation value is calculated as follows:
in the above formula ri oldRepresents the old reputation value, r, of vehicle ii tRepresenting the reputation value calculated by equation (1) at time t; delta denotes the time decay factor, 0<δ<1；
The method for calculating the traffic density comprises the following steps:
a timestamp T ∈ [ W · Δ T, (W +1) Δ T ], W ═ 0,1,2.. W;
wherein p isk(w) represents the traffic density at road segment k over time period w; i iskA set of road segments representing an access road segment k; phi is a unit ofθ,kRepresenting the probability of a turn from road section θ to road section k;
indicating departure from a link k into a link
The probability of (d); l iskRepresents the length of the link k; o iskRepresents a set of road segments leaving road segment k;
indicating the number of cars departing from the m-leg during w,
represents the number of cars that ended up traveling on the m-segment during w;
the screening radius x corresponding to different road sections k is also different, and the value of x during each time period w is inversely related to the traffic flow density of the target road section k:
wherein x (w) represents the value of x corresponding to the period w; epsilon is a weight coefficient;
if the vehicle meeting the threshold node number omega is not found in the screening radius, adjusting the screening radius:
wherein xq(w) represents the value of x corresponding to the period w during the qth radius adjustment;
representing the ratio of the number omega of the threshold nodes to the vehicle set found in a k square circle of the target road section within x kilometers; ψ is a weight coefficient.
6. The alliance chain based wide area road condition information sharing system of claim 1, wherein: the mode of obtaining the reward by the vehicle in the reward mechanism comprises the following two modes:
(1) when the system has a road condition information sharing request, the vehicles share the road condition information of the vehicles and the successful verification of the requested vehicles is obtained;
(2) and the vehicle broadcasts the road condition information to the RSU for storage, and rewards are obtained if the shared information is successfully verified.
7. The alliance chain based wide area traffic information sharing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first reward mode, when a vehicle is requested to issue a transaction, a reward e for successful transaction is given as a reward for a correctly recommended vehicle;
the system presets a trust threshold value, when the system carries out transaction, the reputation value of each vehicle in the participation information sharing vehicle set N is obtained through calculation in the step (1), when the vehicle reputation value is larger than or equal to the preset trust threshold value, the vehicle reputation value is regarded as an honest node, the honest node forms a set H, otherwise, the vehicle reputation value is regarded as a malicious node, and the malicious node is regarded as a malicious node set (N-H);
when the participants recommend, a small amount of deposit d needs to be paid, if the nodes are malicious nodes, the deposit is deducted once the nodes are identified, the deposit is rewarded to other honest nodes, and the system can remove or shield the malicious nodes;
after the vehicle verification information is requested, the honest nodes are divided into successfully verified nodes H ', successfully recommended rewards are obtained, and verification failure nodes H-H', which return the guarantee funds paid by the successfully verified nodes and obtain a small amount of rewards; each node participating in the information sharing may receive the following rewards:
in the above formula, diRefers to the deposit of the node vehicle i.
8. The alliance chain based wide area road condition information sharing system of claim 1, wherein: in the second mode of reward, the vehicle broadcasts information to nearby RSUs via V2I, which receive the information and record the vehicle ID and reputation value;
the RSU does not store the information of the vehicles with the credit values lower than the preset threshold value of the system, if the target road section required by the request vehicle cannot find enough vehicles within the specified time, the system selects a plurality of RSUs within the k radius x of the target road section, and after the number of the RSUs and the number of the vehicles reach the specified threshold value, the information of honest nodes is returned to the request vehicle;
after the vehicle verifies the information, if the road condition information is obtained from the RSU, the system will issue the reward to the vehicle corresponding to the ID.
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