CN114744684A - Novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for power system - Google Patents
Novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for power system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 76
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
- H02J3/0075—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source according to economic or energy efficiency considerations, e.g. economic dispatch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
- Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for a power system, which aims to realize low-carbon economic operation of the novel power system in an environment. The method comprises the steps of (1) establishing a power grid operation cost objective function value F1Low carbon economic objective function value F of carbon emission2(ii) a Determining constraint conditions of a low-carbon economic regulation and control model of a power grid; and (3) solving the multi-target regulation and control model by using a multi-target solving algorithm IMQGA. On the premise of ensuring safe and stable operation of the power grid, the invention maximizes the power generation capacity of new energy such as wind and light and minimizes the operation cost and equivalent carbon of the power gridAnd (4) discharging, and providing theoretical support for realizing a low-carbon power grid and a clean power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power system regulation, in particular to a novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for a power system.
Background
The power grid is changed from a novel power system which takes thermal power as a main body to a new energy source as a main body. In a novel power system environment, on a power generation side, new energy represented by wind power and photovoltaic becomes a main power supply, and the high volatility and uncertainty of the wind power and the photovoltaic impact the operation of a power grid; on the load side, the access proportion of the controllable air conditioner and the electric automobile is increased gradually, and the high-proportion random load also impacts the power grid to operate. The traditional thermoelectricity and hydropower operation mode as the main power of power supply changes, and together with distributed energy storage, more undertakes the electric power balance task of the power grid, and the operation mode changes greatly, and the start and stop are more frequent, so that the traditional regulation and control thought needs to be changed urgently, and the safe and stable operation of a novel power system is guaranteed.
In the method for regulating and controlling the power grid, most of the existing regulating and controlling methods related to new energy are used for regulating and controlling the power grid in the traditional angle taking thermal power as a main body, and relevant researches are carried out on the one hand that the power grid is regulated and controlled in the angle taking thermal power as the main body and the requirement for regulating and controlling the power grid taking new energy as the main body is difficult to adapt; on the other hand, the dispatching among the power supply main bodies is relatively independent, the main purpose is to take pairwise combination or combination dispatching among three power supplies, various power supplies of a power grid are not sufficiently combined for dispatching, the dispatching potential of each power supply main body is not fully exerted, and the factors considered in the low-carbon economic dispatching method are not comprehensive enough. Therefore, the principle of economy and low carbon is considered, and the practical significance and the engineering practical value are important for realizing intelligent regulation and control under the environment of the novel power system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for the power system is provided, the novel power system is used as a main body, comprehensive regulation and control are carried out by combining wind, light, water and fire storage, the regulation and control potentials of respective power sources are fully exerted, the start-stop cost generated by the fact that thermal power, water and electricity and energy storage participate in electric quantity balance is fully considered in the regulation and control process, and the operation cost of the novel power system is comprehensively represented. And constructing an LSTM-based thermal power generating unit carbon emission model to realize accurate measurement of carbon emission of different thermal power generating units. The method comprises the steps of establishing a power grid multi-target regulation and control model under the novel power system environment, solving the regulation and control model based on IMQGA, maximizing the power generation capacity of new energy such as wind and light, minimizing the operation cost of the power grid and equivalent carbon emission on the premise of guaranteeing safe and stable operation of the power grid, and achieving low-carbon economic operation under the novel power system environment.
A novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for a power system comprises the following steps:
step (1) of establishing a power grid operation cost objective function value F1Low carbon economic objective function value F of sum carbon emission2;
Determining constraint conditions of a low-carbon economic regulation and control model of a power grid;
step (3) utilizing a multi-objective solving algorithm IMQGA to carry out objective function value F on the operation cost of the power grid1Low carbon economic objective function value of carbon emissionF2And solving the multi-target regulation and control model.
Before the step (1), a novel low-carbon economic regulation and control framework of the power system is constructed, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
under the principle of maximizing the wind and light new energy power generation output, the influence of a multi-energy scheduling scheme on the economy and low carbon of a power grid is analyzed, and a novel low carbon economy regulation and control framework of a power system is constructed.
In the step (1), a power grid operation cost objective function value F is constructed by taking the minimum power grid operation cost as a target1Constructing a low-carbon economic objective function value F of carbon emission by taking the lowest carbon emission of a power grid as a target2,
1) Establishing a grid operating cost objective function value F1:
Wherein, FGjFor the running cost F of the thermal power generating unithjFor the running cost of hydro-power generating units, FCjFor the operating cost of the energy storage unit, FlossjFor line loss, NG、Nh、NC、NlossThe number of thermal power generator sets, the number of hydroelectric generator sets, the number of energy storage generator sets and the total number of power grid lines are respectively,
operating cost F of thermal power generating unitGjThe calculation model is shown in formula (2):
in the formula, aGj、bGj、cGjIs the consumption characteristic parameter of the thermal power generating unit Gj,the variable is 0-1, the operation state of the thermal power generating unit Gj at the moment t is represented, the thermal power generating unit is in a power generation state when the value is 1, the thermal power generating unit is in a stop operation state when the value is 0,the output rho of the thermal power generating unit j at the moment tGjThe cost for starting and stopping the thermal power generating unit Gj once;
running cost F of hydro-power generating unithjThe calculation model is shown in formula (3):
wherein,the variable is 0-1, the variable represents the running state of the hydroelectric generating set hj at the time t, the variable represents that the hydroelectric generating set is in a power generation state when the value is 1, the variable represents that the hydroelectric generating set is in a stop running state when the value is 0, and rhohjThe cost for starting and stopping the hydroelectric generating set hj once;
energy storage unit operating cost FCjThe calculation model is shown in formula (4):
wherein,for the cost coefficient of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit Cj,charging power for the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,discharging power for the jth energy storage unit at the moment t;
line loss FlossjThe calculation model is shown in formula (5):
in the formulaIs the current value of line j at time t, Rj、XjResistance and reactance of the line respectively;
2) construction of a Low carbon economic Objective function F of carbon emissions2:
In a dispatching period, the carbon emission of the power grid is generated by a thermal power generating unit, and a low-carbon economic objective function F of the carbon emission is constructed2As shown in equation (6):
carbon emission per unit power of thermal power generating unit j at time tThe calculation model of (2) is shown in equation (7):
wherein,the fuel carbon emission factor of the thermal power generating unit j at the time t is obtained;active power output of the thermal power generating unit j at the moment t;and the thermal power generating unit j outputs reactive power at the moment t.
In the step (2), the constraint conditions of the low-carbon economic regulation and control model of the power grid comprise active balance constraint, wind power generation constraint, photovoltaic power generation constraint, hydroelectric power generation constraint, thermal power unit constraint, energy storage constraint, line constraint and load loss constraint.
Active balance constraint, as shown in equation (8):
wherein,charging power for the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,for the discharge power of the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,for the power at the time t of the jth load,the power is output for the jth wind power plant at the moment t,the power is output for the jth photovoltaic station at the moment t,the output is output for the jth hydropower station at the moment t,the output of the jth thermal power generating unit at the moment t is NCNumber of energy storage units in charged state, NDNumber of energy storage units N in discharge stateLIs the number of loads, NPWIs the number of wind power plants, NPVNumber of photovoltaic power stations, NhNumber of hydroelectric stations, NGThe number of thermal power generating units;
the wind power generation constraint comprises wind power climbing constraint and wind power wind abandoning constraint, and is shown as a formula (9):
wherein,the wind power climbing rate is the wind power climbing rate,respectively the minimum and maximum climbing rates of the wind power, the delta t is the time interval between two wind power at the moment t,the wind power output at the time t is obtained,for the wind power abandoning power of the wind power at the time t,wind power at time t; according to wind power permeability P'PWCalculating wind power output so as to obtain the wind power climbing rate;
wind power permeability P'PWActual output of wind power absorption power in scheduling period is takenAnd the total wind power load P in the dispatching cycleLj,tAs shown in equation (10):
the photovoltaic power generation constraints include photovoltaic operation constraints, photovoltaic climbing constraints, and light abandonment constraints, as shown in equation (11):
wherein,the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation power is,upper limit of photovoltaic Power Generation, P'PV,tIs photovoltaic power generation power at time t, P'PV,t-1The photovoltaic power generation power at the time t-1,respectively photovoltaic down and up ramp rate limit value, P'PVD,tAbandoning the optical power for the time t;
the hydroelectric power generation constraints comprise a hydraulic turbine unit output constraint and an available water quantity constraint, as shown in a formula (12):
wherein,respectively the minimum and maximum output of the jth hydraulic generator,respectively the maximum and minimum water consumption of the hydropower station,the output force at the moment t of the jth hydraulic generator,the water consumption of the hydropower station at the moment t;
the power unit constraint comprises thermal power unit operation constraint and thermal power unit climbing constraint, and is shown in a formula (13):
wherein,the lower limit of the output of the ith thermal power generating unit,is the output upper limit of the ith thermal power generating unit,the output of the ith thermal power generating unit,is the lower climbing rate limit value of the ith thermal power generating unit,the value is the uphill gradient rate limit value of the ith thermal power generating unit;the slope climbing rate of the ith thermal power generating unit at the t moment
The energy storage constraint comprises energy storage power constraint, energy storage chargeability constraint and energy storage capacity constraint; wherein the energy storage power constraint is as shown in equation (14):
in the formulaIn order to store the maximum charging power,for storing maximum discharge power, PC,tFor storing charging power at time t, PD,tFor the stored energy discharge power at time t,for storing minimum charging power, negative values indicate discharge,the energy storage minimum discharge power is obtained, and a negative value represents charging;
the energy storage charge constraint is shown in equation (15):
in the formula, SOCmax、SOCminTo store maximum and minimum chargeability, SOCtFor the storage of the charge rate at time t, SOC0To the initial chargeability of the energy storage system, EtIs the energy storage capacity;
energy storage capacity constraint, as shown in equation (16):
wherein E isMax、EMinUpper and lower limits of energy storage capacity, eta1,η2Efficiency of energy storage discharge and charging respectively;
the line constraints include line power equality constraints, line transmit power constraints, and nodal phase angle constraints, as shown in equation (17):
wherein, Pij,tTransmission power of the line with i, j as end points at time t, BijIs the susceptance, θ, of the linei,t、θj,tThe phase angle of the i and j nodes at the t time,is the line thermal stability limit;
the loss-of-load constraint means that the loss-of-load power of a node in the power system cannot be greater than the load power of the node, as shown in equation (18):
0≤PLDj,t≤PLj,t (18)
wherein, PLDj,tIs the power of the node lost load, PLj,tLoad power for the node.
In the step (3): solving a multi-target regulation and control model of the power grid in the novel power system environment by adopting a multi-target solving algorithm IMQGA (inertial measurement System), coordinating the power of a thermal power unit, a hydroelectric power unit and an energy storage unit, and enabling the operation cost of the power grid to be an objective function F1Low carbon economic objective function F for carbon emissions2An optimum state is reached.
The method for solving the multi-target regulation and control model of the power grid in the novel power system environment by adopting the multi-target solution algorithm IMQGA comprises the following steps:
1) multi-target regulation and control initial solution population for establishing initial power gridAccording to formulas (8) - (18), checking the initial population, and removing individuals which do not meet the constraint; calculating a power grid operation cost objective function F according to formulas (1) - (7)1Low carbon economic objective function of carbon emissions F2(ii) a If the individuals which do not meet the constraint condition are removed, the population quantity is supplemented according to the initialization rule again;
2) sorting the non-dominant solutions of the population according to a non-dominant sorting algorithm, and determining the grade i of the non-dominant solutionsrankCarrying out crowding degree calculation, and screening an initial population according to the lowest grade and the highest crowding degree;
3) performing rotation quantum gate, crossing and variation on the screened initial population to generate a progeny population;
4) according to the formulas (8) - (18), the generated population is checked, unqualified individuals are removed, the parent population and the offspring population are combined, and the power grid operation cost objective function F is calculated according to the formulas (1) and (6)1Low carbon economic objective function of carbon emission F2;
5) Calculating the non-dominance level and the crowding degree according to the step 2), selecting optimal individuals to form a new parent population, returning to the step 3) for iteration if the evolution algebra Gen does not reach the maximum evolution algebra max Gen, and outputting an optimal solution if the maximum evolution algebra is reached.
The power grid in the novel power system environment of the invention takes new energy as a main body, the randomness, the intermittence and the fluctuation of the output of the new energy bring impact to the safe and stable operation of the power grid, and each link of the power grid scheduling is greatly changed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for an electric power system;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an IMQGA multi-objective solution method.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for the power system comprises the following steps (1) to (4):
step (1): the method comprises the steps of constructing a novel low-carbon economic regulation and control framework of the power system, specifically, analyzing the influence of a multi-energy scheduling scheme on the economy and low carbon of a power grid under the principle of maximizing the power generation output of new wind and light energy, and constructing the novel low-carbon economic regulation and control framework of the power system.
Step (2): construction of grid operation cost objective function value F1Low carbon economic objective function value F of sum carbon emission2;
Establishing a power grid operation cost objective function value F with the minimum power grid operation cost1Constructing a low-carbon economic objective function value F of carbon emission with the lowest carbon emission of a power grid2,
1) Establishing a power grid operation cost objective function value F for establishing the minimum power grid operation cost1:
Wherein, FGjFor the running cost F of the thermal power generating unithjFor the running cost of hydro-power generating units, FCjFor the operating cost of the energy storage unit, FlossjFor line loss, NG、Nh、NC、NlossThe number of the thermal power generator sets, the number of the hydraulic power generator sets, the number of the energy storage generator sets and the total number of the power grid lines are respectively.
Operating cost F of thermal power generating unitGjThe calculation model is shown in formula (2):
in the formula aGj、bGj、cGjIs the consumption characteristic parameter of the thermal power generating unit Gj,the variable is 0-1, the operation state of the thermal power generating unit Gj at the moment t is represented, the thermal power generating unit is in a power generation state when the value is 1, the thermal power generating unit is in a stop operation state when the value is 0,the output rho of the thermal power generating unit j at the moment tGjThe cost of starting and stopping the thermal power generating unit Gj once is saved.
Running cost F of hydroelectric generating sethjThe calculation model is shown in formula (3):
wherein,the variable is 0-1, the variable represents the running state of the hydroelectric generating set hj at the time t, the variable represents that the hydroelectric generating set is in a power generation state when the value is 1, the variable represents that the hydroelectric generating set is in a stop running state when the value is 0, and rhohjThe cost for starting and stopping the hydro-power generating unit hj once is saved.
Energy storage unit operating cost FCjThe calculation model is shown in formula (4):
wherein,for the cost coefficient of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit Cj,charging power for the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,and discharging power of the jth energy storage unit at the moment t.
Line loss FlossjThe calculation model is shown in formula (5):
in the formulaIs the current value of line j at time t, Rj、XjRespectively the resistance and reactance of the line.
2) Establishing a low-carbon economic objective function F of carbon emission for constructing the lowest carbon emission of a power grid2:
In a dispatching period, the carbon emission of the power grid is generated by a thermal power generating unit, and a low-carbon economic objective function F of the carbon emission is constructed2As shown in equation (6):
carbon emission per unit power of thermal power generating unit j at time tThe calculation model of (2) is shown in equation (7):
wherein,and (4) the fuel carbon emission factor of the thermal power generating unit j at the time t.
And (3): and determining constraint conditions of the power grid low-carbon economic regulation and control model, specifically, the constraint conditions of the power grid low-carbon economic regulation and control model comprise active balance constraint, wind power generation constraint, photovoltaic power generation constraint, hydroelectric power generation constraint, thermal power unit constraint, energy storage constraint, line constraint and load loss constraint.
Active balance constraint, as shown in equation (8):
wherein,charging power for the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,for the discharge power of the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,for the power at the time t of the jth load,the power is output for the jth wind power plant at the moment t,the power is output for the jth photovoltaic station at the moment t,the output is output for the jth hydropower station at the moment t,the output of the jth thermal power generating unit at the moment t is NCNumber of energy storage units in charged state, NDNumber of energy storage units N in discharge stateLIs the number of loads, NPWIs the number of wind power plants, NPVIs the number N of photovoltaic power stationshNumber of hydroelectric stations, NGThe number of thermal power units.
The wind power generation constraint comprises wind power climbing constraint and wind power wind abandoning constraint, and is shown in a formula (9):
wherein,the wind power climbing rate is the wind power climbing rate,respectively the minimum and maximum climbing rates of the wind power, delta t is the time interval between two wind power at the moment t,the wind power output at the time t is obtained,for the wind power abandoning power of the wind power at the time t,the wind power at the moment t.
Permeability P of wind powerPWActual output of wind power absorption power in scheduling period is takenAnd the total wind power load P in the dispatching cycleLj,tAs shown in equation (10):
the photovoltaic power generation constraints include photovoltaic operation constraints, photovoltaic climbing constraints, and light abandonment constraints, as shown in equation (11):
wherein,the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation power is,upper limit of photovoltaic Power Generation, P'PV,tIs photovoltaic power generation power at time t ', P'PV,t-1The photovoltaic power generation power at the time t-1,respectively photovoltaic down and up ramp rate limit value, P'PVD,tThe optical power is discarded for time t.
The hydro-power generation constraints include hydro-turbine output constraints and available water volume constraints, as shown in equation (12):
wherein,respectively the minimum and maximum output of the jth hydraulic generator,respectively the maximum and minimum water consumption of the hydropower station,the output force at the moment t of the jth hydraulic generator,the water consumption of the hydropower station at the moment t.
The power unit constraint comprises thermal power unit operation constraint and thermal power unit climbing constraint, and is shown in a formula (13):
wherein,is the output lower limit of the ith thermal power generating unit,is the output upper limit of the ith thermal power generating unit,the output of the ith thermal power generating unit,is the lower climbing rate limit value of the ith thermal power generating unit,the value is the uphill gradient rate limit value of the ith thermal power generating unit.
The energy storage constraint comprises energy storage power constraint, energy storage chargeability constraint and energy storage capacity constraint; wherein the energy storage power constraint is as shown in equation (14):
in the formulaIn order to store the maximum charging power,to store maximum discharge power, PC,tFor storing charging power at time t, PD,tThe energy storage discharge power is stored for the time t,in order to realize the purpose,is as follows.
Setting energy storage charge constraint for avoiding energy storage overcharge and overdischarge, wherein the energy storage charge constraint is shown as a formula (15):
in the formula, SOCmax、SOCminFor maximum and minimum charge rate of stored energy, SOCtFor storing energy charge rate at time t, SOC0To the initial chargeability of the energy storage system, EtIs the energy storage capacity.
Energy storage capacity constraint, as shown in equation (16):
wherein E isMax、EMinAre respectively the upper and lower limits of the energy storage capacity, eta1,η2Are respectively provided withThe efficiency of energy storage discharging and charging is improved.
The line constraints include line power equality constraints, line transmit power constraints, and nodal phase angle constraints, as shown in equation (17):
wherein, Pij,tTransmission power of the line with i, j as end points at time t, BijIs the susceptance, θ, of the linei,t、θj,tThe phase angles of the i and j nodes at the time t,is the thermal stability limit of the line.
The loss-of-load constraint means that the loss-of-load power of a node in the power system cannot be greater than the load power of the node, as shown in equation (18):
0≤PLDj,t≤PLj,t (18)
wherein, PLDj,tIs the power of the node lost load, PLj,tLoad power for the node.
And (4): solving the multi-target regulation and control model by using a multi-target solving algorithm IMQGA, solving the multi-target regulation and control model of the power grid under the novel power system environment by using the multi-target solving algorithm IMQGA, and coordinating the power of a thermal power unit, a hydroelectric power unit and an energy storage unit to enable the power grid operation cost to be an objective function F1Low carbon economic objective function F for carbon emissions2An optimum state is reached.
Referring to fig. 2, the solution is as follows:
1) establishing initial power grid multi-target regulation initial solution populationAccording to formulas (8) - (18), checking the initial population, and removing individuals which do not meet the constraint; calculating a power grid operation cost objective function F according to the formulas (1) - (7)1Low carbon economic objective function of carbon emissions F2(ii) a If the individuals which do not meet the constraint condition are removed, the population quantity is supplemented according to the initialization rule again;
2) sorting the non-dominant solutions of the population according to a non-dominant sorting algorithm, and determining the grade i of the non-dominant solutionsrankCarrying out crowding degree calculation, and screening an initial population according to the lowest level and the highest crowding degree;
3) performing rotation quantum gate, crossover and mutation on the screened initial population to generate a progeny population;
4) according to the formulas (8) - (18), the generated population is checked, unqualified individuals are removed, the parent population and the offspring population are combined, and the power grid operation cost objective function F is calculated according to the formulas (1) and (6)1Low carbon economic objective function of carbon emissions F2;
5) Calculating the non-dominated level and the crowding degree according to the step 2), selecting an optimal individual to form a new parent population, returning to the step 3) for iteration if the evolution algebra Gen does not reach the maximum evolution algebra max Gen, and outputting an optimal solution if the maximum evolution algebra is reached.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for a power system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1) of establishing a power grid operation cost objective function value F1Low carbon economic objective function value F of sum carbon emission2;
Determining constraint conditions of a low-carbon economic regulation and control model of a power grid;
step (3) solving algorithm IMQG by utilizing multiple targetsA is to the power grid running cost objective function value F1Low carbon economic objective function value F of carbon emission2And solving the multi-target regulation and control model.
2. The novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for the power system as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the step (1), a novel low-carbon economic regulation and control framework for the power system is constructed, and the specific method is as follows:
under the principle of maximizing the wind and light new energy power generation output, the influence of a multi-energy scheduling scheme on the economy and low carbon of a power grid is analyzed, and a novel low carbon economy regulation and control framework of a power system is constructed.
3. The novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for the power system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (1), a power grid operation cost objective function value F is established with the aim of minimizing the power grid operation cost1Constructing a low-carbon economic objective function value F of carbon emission by taking the lowest carbon emission of a power grid as a target2,
1) Construction of grid operation cost objective function value F1:
Wherein, FGjFor the running cost F of the thermal power generating unithjFor the running cost of hydro-power generating units, FCjFor the operating cost of the energy storage unit, FlossjFor line loss, NG、Nh、NC、NlossThe number of thermal power generator sets, the number of hydroelectric generator sets, the number of energy storage generator sets and the total number of power grid lines are respectively,
operating cost F of thermal power generating unitGjThe calculation model is shown in formula (2):
in the formula,aGj、bGj、cGjIs the consumption characteristic parameter of the thermal power generating unit Gj,the variable is 0-1, the operation state of the thermal power generating unit Gj at the moment t is represented, the thermal power generating unit is in a power generation state when the value is 1, the thermal power generating unit is in a stop operation state when the value is 0,the output rho of the thermal power generating unit j at the moment tGjThe cost is the cost of starting and stopping the thermal power generating unit Gj once;
running cost F of hydroelectric generating sethjThe calculation model is shown in formula (3):
wherein,the variable is 0-1, the variable represents the running state of the hydroelectric generating set hj at the time t, the variable represents that the hydroelectric generating set is in a power generation state when the value is 1, the variable represents that the hydroelectric generating set is in a stop running state when the value is 0, and rhohjThe cost for starting and stopping the hydroelectric generating set hj once;
energy storage unit operating cost FCjThe calculation model is shown in formula (4):
wherein,for the cost coefficient of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage unit Cj,charging power for the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,discharging power for the jth energy storage unit at the moment t;
line loss FlossjThe calculation model is shown in formula (5):
in the formulaIs the current value of line j at time t, Rj、XjResistance and reactance of the line respectively;
2) construction of a Low carbon economic Objective function F of carbon emissions2:
In a dispatching period, the carbon emission of the power grid is generated by a thermal power generating unit, and a low-carbon economic objective function F of the carbon emission is constructed2As shown in equation (6):
carbon emission per unit power of thermal power generating unit j at time tThe calculation model of (2) is shown in equation (7):
4. The novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for the power system as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the constraint conditions of the power grid low-carbon economic regulation and control model comprise active balance constraint, wind power generation constraint, photovoltaic power generation constraint, hydroelectric power generation constraint, thermal power unit constraint, energy storage constraint, line constraint and load loss constraint.
5. The novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for the power system as claimed in claim 4, characterized by active balance constraint as shown in formula (8):
wherein,charging power for the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,for the discharge power of the jth energy storage unit at the moment t,for the power at the time t of the jth load,the power is output for the jth wind power plant at the moment t,the power is applied to the jth photovoltaic field station at the moment t,the output is output for the jth hydropower station at the moment t,the output of the jth thermal power generating unit at the moment t is NCNumber of energy storage units N in charged stateDNumber of energy storage units N in discharge stateLNumber of loads, NPWIs the number of wind power plants, NPVNumber of photovoltaic power stations, NhNumber of hydroelectric stations, NGThe number of thermal power generating units;
the wind power generation constraint comprises wind power climbing constraint and wind power wind abandoning constraint, and is shown in a formula (9):
wherein,the wind power climbing rate is the wind power climbing rate,respectively the minimum and maximum climbing rates of the wind power, delta t is the time interval between two wind power at the moment t,the wind power output at the time t is obtained,for the wind power abandoning power of the wind power at the time t,wind power at time t; according toWind power permeability P'PWCalculating wind power output so as to obtain the wind power climbing rate;
wind power permeability P'PWActual output of wind power absorption power in scheduling period is takenAnd the total wind power load P in the dispatching cycleLj,tAs shown in equation (10):
the photovoltaic power generation constraints include photovoltaic operation constraints, photovoltaic climbing constraints and light abandonment constraints, as shown in equation (11):
wherein,the lower limit of the photovoltaic power generation power is,upper limit of photovoltaic Power Generation, P'PV,tIs photovoltaic power generation power at time t ', P'PV,t-1The photovoltaic power generation power at the time t-1,respectively photovoltaic down and up ramp rate limit value, P'PVD,tAbandoning the optical power for the time t;
the hydro-power generation constraints include hydro-turbine output constraints and available water volume constraints, as shown in equation (12):
wherein,respectively the minimum and maximum output of the jth hydraulic generator,respectively the maximum and minimum water consumption of the hydropower station,the output force at the moment t of the jth hydraulic generator,the water consumption of the hydropower station at the moment t;
the power unit constraint comprises thermal power unit operation constraint and thermal power unit climbing constraint, and is shown in a formula (13):
wherein,is the output lower limit of the ith thermal power generating unit,is the output upper limit of the ith thermal power generating unit,the output of the ith thermal power generating unit,is the lower climbing rate limit value of the ith thermal power generating unit,the value is the uphill gradient rate limit value of the ith thermal power generating unit;the slope climbing rate of the ith thermal power generating unit at the t moment
The energy storage constraint comprises energy storage power constraint, energy storage chargeability constraint and energy storage capacity constraint; wherein the stored energy power is constrained as shown in equation (14):
in the formulaIn order to store the maximum charging power,for storing maximum discharge power, PC,tFor storing charging power at time t, PD,tThe energy storage discharge power is stored for the time t,for storing minimum charging power, negative values indicate discharge,is the energy storage minimum discharge power, and negative values represent charging;
the energy storage charge constraint is shown in equation (15):
in the formula, SOCmax、SOCminFor maximum and minimum charge rate of stored energy, SOCtFor storing energy charge rate at time t, SOC0For initial chargeability of the energy storage system, EtIs the energy storage capacity;
energy storage capacity constraint, as shown in equation (16):
wherein E isMax、EMinUpper and lower limits of energy storage capacity, eta1,η2Efficiency of energy storage discharge and charging respectively;
the line constraints include line power equality constraints, line transmit power constraints, and nodal phase angle constraints, as shown in equation (17):
wherein, Pij,tTransmission power of the line with i, j as end points at time t, BijIs the susceptance, θ, of the linei,t、θj,tThe phase angles of the i and j nodes at the time t,is the line thermal stability limit;
the loss-of-load constraint means that the loss-of-load power of a node in the power system cannot be greater than the load power of the node, as shown in equation (18):
wherein, PLDj,tIs the power of the node lost load, PLj,tLoad power for the node.
6. The novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method for the power system as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (3): solving the multi-target regulation and control model of the power grid in the novel power system environment by adopting a multi-target solving algorithm IMQGA (inertial measurement System), and coordinating the power of a thermal power unit, a hydroelectric power unit and an energy storage unitRate, cost of grid operation objective function F1Low carbon economic objective function F of sum carbon emission2An optimum state is reached.
7. The novel low-carbon economic regulation and control method of the power system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the solving method of the multi-target regulation and control model of the power grid in the novel power system environment by adopting the multi-target solving algorithm IMQGA is as follows:
1) establishing initial power grid multi-target regulation initial solution populationAccording to formulas (8) - (18), checking the initial population, and removing individuals which do not meet the constraint; calculating a power grid operation cost objective function F according to the formulas (1) - (7)1Low carbon economic objective function of carbon emissions F2(ii) a If the individuals which do not meet the constraint condition are removed, the population quantity is supplemented again according to the initialization rule;
2) sorting the non-dominant solutions of the population according to a non-dominant sorting algorithm, and determining the grade i of the non-dominant solutionsrankCarrying out crowding degree calculation, and screening an initial population according to the lowest level and the highest crowding degree;
3) performing rotation quantum gate, crossing and variation on the screened initial population to generate a progeny population;
4) according to the formulas (8) - (18), the generated population is checked, unqualified individuals are removed, the parent population and the offspring population are combined, and the power grid operation cost objective function F is calculated according to the formulas (1) and (6)1Low carbon economic objective function of carbon emission F2;
5) Calculating the non-dominated level and the crowding degree according to the step 2), selecting an optimal individual to form a new parent population, returning to the step 3) for iteration if the evolution algebra Gen does not reach the maximum evolution algebra maxGen, and outputting an optimal solution if the maximum evolution algebra is reached.
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