CN114744673A - Light storage module, photovoltaic power supply system based on reconstruction control and method - Google Patents
Light storage module, photovoltaic power supply system based on reconstruction control and method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
A light storage module, a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconstruction control and a method thereof relate to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The problem that the photovoltaic power generation system cannot always keep the highest power generation capacity due to the fact that the output characteristics of the photovoltaic cell are affected by external parameters such as the temperature and the illumination of the environment in the existing photovoltaic power generation technology is solved. The photovoltaic energy storage device comprises an energy storage unit, a linkage reverse control switch and a control unit, wherein the energy storage unit in the light storage module is connected with a photovoltaic unit in parallel, the energy storage unit is connected with two switches in the linkage reverse control switch in series, and the control unit is used for collecting terminal voltage signals of the photovoltaic unit, working temperature of the photovoltaic unit, charge-discharge current signals and charge-discharge states of the energy storage unit and controlling the working states of the linkage reverse control switch. The power supply system comprises N + x light storage modules, the light storage modules in the power supply loop are dynamically adjusted through the master control unit according to the electric parameters of each light storage module, and the N light storage modules are always kept in the power supply loop. The method is suitable for the technical field of photovoltaic power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control technology of a photovoltaic cell.
Background
In the technical field of the existing photovoltaic power generation, natural light is converted into electric energy, so in practical application, the output characteristic of a photovoltaic cell can temporarily and locally block illumination by clouds, fallen leaves, flying birds and the like in the environment to influence the instability of light intensity and illumination position, further the voltage and power output by a light storage module fluctuate, and further the maximum power generation cannot be realized.
Similarly, fuel cells are adopted for power generation (or microwave power generation), each series monomer forming the fuel cells has certain monomer power generation difference due to the process and working conditions, the output current of the battery pack is limited by the power generation current of the monomer with the minimum power generation capacity, and the series assembly can not realize the power generation with the maximum power all the time.
Aiming at the fluctuation of the single power generation capacity, the conventional method mostly adopts a device for connecting temporary energy storage such as capacitors or batteries in parallel on a direct current bus to stabilize the total output fluctuation, but the power generation capacity of a normal power generation unit at the moment is limited by the current of a low power generation capacity unit, the overall power generation capacity is objectively reduced, and meanwhile, the scheme of connecting temporary energy storage devices such as capacitors or batteries in parallel on the direct current bus is adopted, the difference of the power generation capacity of the power generation units and the output load current in each series power generation unit are completely equal, and the parallel capacitors or batteries are easily subjected to monomer overcharge or overdischarge in actual operation.
And the conventional dynamic reconfiguration circuit and the power generation unit with different power generation capacity are controlled, so that the power generated by the single body under the redundant control can be wasted only.
The applicant's patent application 202111262146.X filed in 2021, which is "a photovoltaic energy storage system for tracking maximum power generated by a photovoltaic cell and a photovoltaic power generation system based on the same" solves the stability of a photovoltaic power generation system, and the main control solves the technical problem of reducing the requirement of the system on the consistency of energy storage monomers, thereby greatly reducing the maintenance cost of the energy storage system. However, the system is a control method designed based on the performance of the energy storage monomer, and further overcomes the requirement of the original control method on the performance consistency of the energy storage monomer, namely: on the premise of inconsistent performance of the energy storage monomers, the performance of the whole system cannot be influenced. The method cannot achieve the effect of improving the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that the output characteristic of the photovoltaic cell is influenced by external parameters such as the temperature and illumination of the environment, so that the photovoltaic power generation system can not be ensured to always maintain the highest power generation capability in the prior photovoltaic power generation technology.
The scheme provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the utility model provides a light stores up module, includes photovoltaic unit and energy storage unit, light stores up module still includes linkage reverse control switch and the control unit, energy storage unit and photovoltaic unit parallel connection, two switch series connections in energy storage unit and the linkage reverse control switch, the control unit is used for gathering photovoltaic unit's terminal voltage signal, still is used for gathering photovoltaic unit's operating temperature, still is used for gathering energy storage unit's charge-discharge current signal and charge-discharge state, still is used for control linkage reverse control switch's operating condition.
Preferably, the linkage reverse control switch is an electronic switch, a mechanical switch or a circuit unit composed of discrete semiconductor devices and having the same function.
Preferably, the control unit has embedded therein a computer software-implemented controller, the controller comprising:
the terminal voltage acquisition unit is used for acquiring a terminal voltage signal of the photovoltaic unit;
the current acquisition unit is used for acquiring charge and discharge current signals of the energy storage unit;
the charge-discharge state acquisition unit is used for acquiring the charge-discharge state of the energy storage unit;
and the switch control unit is used for generating a control signal for controlling the linkage reverse control switch.
Based on the optical storage modules, the invention provides a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconstruction control, which comprises a master control unit and any one of the optical storage modules, wherein the N + x optical storage modules are connected in series in a power supply loop, the control units in the N + x optical storage modules realize data interaction with the master control unit in a serial communication mode, and the control unit in each optical storage module is used for controlling a linkage reverse control switch and realizing that the optical storage module is put into the power supply loop or cut off from the power supply loop.
Preferably, a computer software-implemented module is embedded in the master control unit, and the software module includes:
a data acquisition unit; the optical storage module is used for periodically collecting the information collected by each optical storage module and sending the information to the data processing unit;
a data processing unit; the photovoltaic energy storage module is used for acquiring the generated energy and the generating speed of each photovoltaic unit according to the data acquired by the data acquisition unit and acquiring the terminal voltage change rate of the energy storage unit in each photovoltaic energy storage module;
the online photovoltaic unit switching control unit: the optical storage module is used for determining the optical storage module thrown into the series circuit and the optical storage module for cutting off the series circuit according to the data obtained by the data processing unit, and is also used for sending throwing and cutting instructions to the corresponding optical storage modules.
The computer software is embedded in the master control unit in the photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control, so that the following photovoltaic power supply method is provided: a photovoltaic power supply method based on reconstruction control is realized based on the photovoltaic power supply system, and the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of data acquisition, namely periodically acquiring the terminal voltage of a photovoltaic unit in each light storage module, and the charging and discharging current and state of an energy storage unit;
a data processing step; acquiring the generated energy and the generating speed of the photovoltaic unit of each light storage module, and the terminal voltage and the voltage change rate of the energy storage unit according to the acquired data;
a light storage module selection step, which is used for selecting the light storage module in the recombined power supply loop according to the data processing result;
switching instruction sending step: and sending a throwing instruction and cutting the information of the selected optical storage module to the corresponding optical storage module.
Preferably, the switching instruction sending step is any one of the following two modes:
the first method comprises the following steps: sending an 'excision' instruction to a light storage module which is currently located in the discharging loop and is not in the discharging loop after adjustment, and sending a 'throw-in' instruction to a light storage module which is not in the discharging loop at present and is in the discharging loop after adjustment;
and the second method comprises the following steps: and sending an 'input' instruction to each light storage module positioned in the power supply loop after adjustment, and sending an 'cut-off' instruction to the rest light storage modules.
Preferably, the starting condition of the light storage module selecting step is one of the following three starting conditions:
the first starting condition: setting a switching period, starting the light storage module selection step in each switching period, and then executing a switching instruction sending step to complete switching operation;
the second starting condition: taking the generated energy or the generating speed of the photovoltaic unit in the light storage module as a starting condition;
third start-up conditions: and taking the voltage or the voltage change rate of the energy storage unit in the light storage module as a starting condition.
Preferably, in the light storage module selecting step, the conditions for selecting the light storage module are determined according to the generated energy and the generated speed of the photovoltaic cells of the light storage module and the voltage change rate of the energy storage cells in the data processing result.
Preferably, in the light storage module selecting step, the light storage module in the power supply circuit after the recombination is selected according to a product of a voltage of the light storage module and a voltage change rate in the data processing result, and a principle of the selection is to select a plurality of light storage modules with the largest product.
Preferably, the above selection principle is one of the following two:
the first method comprises the following steps: selecting the light storage modules with the highest products from the x light storage modules which are bypassed and replacing the light storage modules with the lowest products of the lines;
and the second method comprises the following steps: and (4) selecting N photovoltaic units with products sequenced in the N + x light storage modules to put into a power supply loop regardless of whether the current state is on line, and adjusting the x light storage modules with small products to be in a bypass state.
Preferably, in the light storage module selecting step, x types of recombined light storage module combinations in the power supply circuit are selected, then a voltage difference between a total voltage of each combination and a total voltage of the current power supply circuit is obtained, any one of the combinations with the voltage difference setting threshold is selected as a switching instruction transmitting object, and x is an integer greater than 3.
The photovoltaic unit is directly connected with the energy storage unit in parallel, namely: the energy storage unit directly receives the electric energy output by the photovoltaic unit, and the problem of overcharge or overdischarge can be caused by the connection mode.
The photovoltaic power supply system is formed by connecting a plurality of light storage modules in series, the action of the control units in all the light storage modules is coordinated through the master control module, the dynamic reconfiguration of all the light storage modules is realized, and the maximum electric energy output of the whole photovoltaic power supply system is kept on the premise of effectively avoiding the overcharge/overdischarge condition of any one light storage module.
In the photovoltaic power supply system, each light storage module is a relatively independent module, and the control unit detects the electrical parameters in the modules and can independently control the modules, namely: each energy storage unit in the system can be independently controlled, so that the control granularity of the control system is minimized, the electric energy collection capability of each energy storage module is ensured to be stronger, and finally the power generation capability of the whole system is maintained in the strongest state.
The photovoltaic power supply system of the invention can cut off the light storage module from the power supply loop at any time, and is more convenient for replacing the corresponding light storage module, namely: the replacement operation of the optical storage module can be carried out on the premise of not interrupting the work of a power supply system, the stability and the reliability of the system work are improved, and meanwhile, the system maintenance operation is facilitated.
The invention relates to a light storage module, a photovoltaic power supply system and a method, which are suitable for the technical field of photovoltaic power generation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional photovoltaic energy storage system.
Fig. 2 is a control schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiment one, this embodiment a light store up module include photovoltaic unit, energy storage unit, linkage reverse control switch and the control unit, energy storage unit and photovoltaic unit parallel connection, two switches series connection in energy storage unit and the linkage reverse control switch, the control unit is used for the terminal voltage signal of periodic collection photovoltaic unit, the charge-discharge current signal and the charge-discharge state of energy storage unit, still is used for controlling linkage reverse control switch's operating condition.
The present embodiment provides a light storage module, which is designed based on one photovoltaic unit, and the photovoltaic unit is a photovoltaic panel or a power generation unit composed of a plurality of photovoltaic panels.
The energy storage unit in this embodiment may employ a capacitor or an energy storage battery or other components for storing electric energy, and the energy storage unit is configured to store electric energy output by the photovoltaic unit.
In this embodiment, the photovoltaic unit is connected in parallel with the energy storage unit, and this kind of connected mode makes the electric energy of photovoltaic unit output directly export for the energy storage unit, but the defect that this kind of connected mode exists leads to the energy storage unit to take place the circumstances of overcharge or overdischarge easily to take place, consequently, linkage reverse control switch and the control unit has been designed in the light storage module, wherein the control unit is used for gathering the electric parameter of photovoltaic unit, energy storage unit, still is used for controlling linkage reverse control switch. Two switches in the linkage reverse control switch are connected with the energy storage power supply in series, and because two switches in the linkage reverse control switch are two switches which always keep opposite states, the functions of two working states are as follows: the light storage modules are connected in series in a loop, or the light storage modules are bypassed from the loop. Namely: when the energy storage unit in the optical storage module is possibly overcharged, the linkage reverse control switch is controlled to connect the energy storage unit into the power supply loop to output the electric energy of the energy storage unit, so that the over-discharge condition is avoided; when the energy storage unit is possibly overdischarged, the energy storage unit is cut off from the power supply loop by controlling the linkage reverse control switch to stop discharging, and only the electric energy output by the photovoltaic unit connected in parallel with the energy storage unit is received to enter a charging state.
The linkage reverse control switch can be realized by adopting an electronic switch, a mechanical switch or a circuit unit which is composed of discrete semiconductor devices and has the same function, and the action speed of the switch is higher as possible. Typically, the switching speed of the ganged reverse control switch is less than 10 microseconds. The switching time of the switch does not influence the charging and discharging process and the charging and discharging performance, and the stability of the whole system for outputting electric energy externally is ensured
The optical storage module unit is in a unitized design, facilitates field assembly and debugging in practical application, and is more suitable for quick replacement of quick-wear parts.
In a second embodiment, the control means in the optical storage module according to the first embodiment is further limited, and in the second embodiment:
a software-implemented controller is embedded in the control unit, the controller comprising:
the terminal voltage acquisition unit is used for acquiring a terminal voltage signal of the photovoltaic unit;
the current acquisition unit is used for acquiring charge and discharge current signals of the energy storage unit;
the charge-discharge state acquisition unit is used for acquiring the charge-discharge state of the energy storage unit;
and the switch control unit is used for generating a control signal for controlling the linkage reverse control switch.
The software embedded in the control unit is used for realizing data acquisition and control functions.
In order to cooperate with the data acquisition function of the control unit, in practical application, a corresponding sensor or an acquisition circuit needs to be arranged in a matching manner. The sensor or the acquisition circuit can be realized by adopting the prior art.
Third embodiment this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 2. The embodiment is a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control, and the photovoltaic power supply system comprises a master control unit and N + x light storage modules, wherein the N + x light storage modules are connected in series in a power supply loop, the control units in the N + x light storage modules realize data interaction with the master control unit in a serial communication mode, and the control unit in each light storage module is used for controlling a linkage reverse control switch in the light storage module and realizing that the energy storage units in the light storage modules are put into the power supply loop or cut off from the power supply loop.
The light storage module described in this embodiment adopts the light storage module described in the first or second embodiment.
In the photovoltaic power supply system according to this embodiment, each optical storage module can detect the electrical parameters of its own photovoltaic unit and energy storage unit and transmit the electrical parameters to the master control unit, the master control unit selects N energy storage units connected to the power supply circuit according to the electrical parameters of each optical storage module and transmits a selection signal to the corresponding optical storage module, and the control unit in the optical storage module controls the corresponding linkage reverse control switch to implement the switching-in or switching-off of the energy storage unit inside the module.
In the photovoltaic power supply system according to this embodiment, each photovoltaic storage module is connected in series, for example, a power supply circuit, or is cut off from the power supply circuit, through its own linkage reverse control switch, and therefore, the photovoltaic power supply system can directly realize replacement of the photovoltaic storage module in a normal working state, that is: and adjusting the light storage module to be replaced into a state of being cut off from the power supply loop, then performing replacement operation, and after the replacement, participating in the normal control process of the photovoltaic power supply system by the replaced light storage module. Therefore, the photovoltaic power supply system described in this embodiment can directly realize the replacement operation of the light storage module without affecting the normal operation of the photovoltaic power supply system.
A fourth embodiment is a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control according to the third embodiment, wherein the total control unit is embedded with a module implemented by computer software, and the software module includes:
a data acquisition unit; the optical storage module is used for periodically collecting the information collected by each optical storage module and sending the information to the data processing unit;
a data processing unit; the photovoltaic energy storage module is used for acquiring the power generation capacity and the power generation speed of each photovoltaic unit according to the data acquired by the data acquisition unit and acquiring the terminal voltage change rate of the energy storage unit in each photovoltaic energy storage module;
light stores module selection unit: the optical storage module is used for determining the optical storage module thrown into the series circuit and the optical storage module for cutting off the series circuit according to the data obtained by the data processing unit;
switching instruction transmitting unit: and the optical storage module is used for sending input and cut-off instructions to the corresponding optical storage modules.
In this embodiment, the master control unit acquires and processes data sent by the control units in all the optical storage modules through the software module, and obtains the data according to the processing result.
The photovoltaic power supply system of the embodiment adopts a unit structure design, the light storage module is designed by taking the photovoltaic unit as a minimum unit structure, and the photovoltaic power supply system can realize the parameter acquisition of the unit and the operation of putting in or cutting off the unit. After the plurality of light storage modules are combined, data are collected, integrated and processed through the master control unit, all the light storage modules are subjected to unified allocation control, and the working stability of the whole photovoltaic power supply system is guaranteed. Meanwhile, due to the unit structure design, when a certain light storage module breaks down, the replacement operation can be directly carried out, the normal work of the whole photovoltaic power supply system cannot be influenced, and the stability of the photovoltaic power supply system is improved.
In the working process of the photovoltaic power supply system according to this embodiment, when the energy storage unit in a certain light storage module is cut off from the power supply loop, the photovoltaic unit will be in a "maximum power charging" state, that is: the energy storage unit is charged by the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic unit; when an energy storage unit in a certain light storage module is put into a power supply loop, the light storage module realizes parallel output of a power generation unit and the energy storage unit according to load current, and when the total output control voltage of the power supply loop is stable, the photovoltaic power supply system can maintain stable maximum power output.
Fifth embodiment, the present embodiment describes a control method for a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control, which is implemented based on the photovoltaic power supply system described in the third embodiment, and the method includes:
the method comprises the steps of data acquisition, namely periodically acquiring the terminal voltage of a photovoltaic unit in each light storage module, and the charging and discharging current and state of an energy storage unit;
a data processing step; acquiring the generated energy and the generating speed of the photovoltaic unit of each light storage module, and the terminal voltage and the voltage change rate of the energy storage unit according to the acquired data;
a light storage module selection step, which is used for selecting the light storage module in the recombined power supply loop according to the data processing result;
switching instruction sending step: and sending input instructions and cutting-off information of the selected optical storage modules to the corresponding optical storage modules.
The voltage change rate in this embodiment is a voltage change rate per unit time of the optical storage module.
The control method described in this embodiment is a scheme for determining adjustment by periodically acquiring and processing data, and is based on the principle that the maximum power in the charge-discharge circuit and the voltage variation amplitude of the voltage before and after adjustment are ensured to be as small as possible.
In this embodiment, the light storage module selecting step is used to adjust the light storage module located in the power supply loop, so as to ensure the stability of the external performance of the whole photovoltaic power supply system.
In the light storage module selection step, the number of light storage modules in the power supply loop is selected to be N each time, and the rest x light storage modules are in a bypass state. In practical application, N may be adjusted according to actual conditions, and is generally factory set to a certain value, and the value may be adjusted to increase or decrease according to field conditions in field work.
In this step, the "optical storage module in the power supply circuit after the selection and the recombination" is the optical storage module located in the power supply circuit after the determination and the adjustment, that is, the optical storage module to be cut off from the current power supply circuit and the optical storage module to be put into use are determined.
In the switching instruction sending step, a switching instruction is sent to the selected optical storage module information, and the switching instruction are appointed to the corresponding optical storage module, and two modes can be adopted in actual operation:
the first method comprises the following steps: and accurately sending a putting command or a cutting command to the corresponding optical storage module. For example: and sending an 'cut-off' instruction to the light storage module which is currently located in the discharge loop and is not in the discharge loop after adjustment, and sending a 'throw-in' instruction to the light storage module which is not currently in the discharge loop and is in the discharge loop after adjustment. The method is to send corresponding instructions only for the light storage modules which need to be adjusted, and not to send instructions for the light storage modules which do not need to be adjusted.
And the second method comprises the following steps: regardless of the current state of each optical storage module, after the optical storage modules in the power supply circuit are determined and adjusted, an 'input' instruction is sent to all the optical storage module units, and meanwhile, a 'cut' instruction is sent to the rest of the optical storage modules. Then, the control unit in the optical storage module receiving the instruction determines whether its own state needs to be adjusted, and makes corresponding actions, such as: when a certain optical storage module receives an 'input' instruction, judging that the optical storage module is in an 'input' state at present, namely: in the current power supply loop, no action is taken, if its own state is in the "cut-off" state, i.e.: if the current power supply loop is not in the current power supply loop, the switching-in action is executed.
The second method described above may be used alone or in combination, for example: the second mode is more suitable for use in emergency operations or partial element failure, and therefore the second mode can be replaced when a partial element failure occurs whilst the first mode is in use.
In a sixth embodiment, a fifth embodiment provides the method for controlling a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control, wherein the method further comprises the step of selecting a condition for starting the light storage module, the condition comprising: the starting conditions for starting the switching action, in the embodiment, provide the following starting conditions:
first start-up conditions: setting a switching period, starting the light storage module selection step in each switching period, and then executing a switching instruction sending step to finish switching operation. The switching cycle can be designed as a fixed time length, and can also be designed according to a data acquisition cycle, for example: designed as an integral multiple of the acquisition period. The starting condition is a scene with relatively high electrical property consistency of each light storage module of the photovoltaic power supply system, namely: the power generation capacity of each light storage module is basically the same.
The second starting condition: and taking the power generation amount or the power generation speed of the photovoltaic units in the light storage module as a starting condition. The starting condition is suitable for scenes with inconsistent illumination or large consistency difference of light storage units, such as: the condition that the rated power generation amount of the power supply system is larger than the sum of the average power generation amounts of all the light storage modules in the power supply loop can be used as the starting condition.
Third start-up conditions: and taking the voltage or the voltage change rate of the energy storage unit in the light storage module as a starting condition. For example: the starting condition is suitable for scenes with inconsistent illumination or large consistency difference of the light storage units. For example: the condition may be designed when the voltage is less than the average of all the light storing cells in the supply loop.
The three conditions can be combined in any recombination mode, such as: and combining the generated energy and the generating speed of the photovoltaic unit according to the switching period.
A seventh embodiment is a further description of the fifth embodiment of the control method for a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control, and in the fifth embodiment: in the light storage module selecting step, the conditions for selecting the light storage module are determined according to the generated energy and the generating speed of the photovoltaic unit of the light storage module and the voltage change rate of the energy storage unit in the data processing result, for example: the generated energy and the generating speed of the photovoltaic unit and the voltage change rate of the energy storage battery are equivalently changed, the voltage and the voltage change rate of the energy storage unit are easy to electrically detect, and the higher the voltage of the energy storage unit is, the longer the required investment time of the photovoltaic unit is; the higher the rate of change of voltage, the shorter the switching cycle and vice versa.
And the light storage module with higher generating capacity and higher generating speed is selected to be switched into the power supply loop, so that the output power of the power supply loop is improved. And the light storage module with the lower voltage of the energy storage unit and the higher voltage change rate is selected to cut off the power supply loop, so that the energy storage unit in the light storage module is charged.
An eighth embodiment is a further description of the fifth embodiment of the control method for a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control, and in the fifth embodiment: in the light storage module selection step, the light storage module in the recombined power supply loop is selected according to the product of the voltage and the voltage change rate of the light storage module in the data processing result, and the selection principle is to select a plurality of light storage modules with the maximum product.
In this embodiment, the product of the voltage and the voltage change rate is used as a selection parameter, that is, the optical storage module with a higher parameter is put into the power supply loop as a priority, so as to ensure the output power of the whole power supply loop and realize the maximum power output.
For example, the following two cases may be employed:
in the first case: and selecting the light storage modules with the highest products from the x light storage modules which are bypassed and replacing the light storage modules with the lowest products of the lines.
In the second case: and (4) selecting N photovoltaic units with products sequenced in the front from the N + x light storage modules and putting the N photovoltaic units into a power supply loop regardless of whether the current state is on line, and adjusting the x light storage modules with small products to be in a bypass state.
In a ninth implementation manner, the fifth implementation manner is further described as a control method of a photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control, and the fifth implementation manner is a supplementary limitation to the light storage module selection step, in the light storage module selection step, x kinds of light storage module combinations in the power supply circuit after recombination are selected, then a voltage difference between a total voltage of each combination and a total voltage of a current power supply circuit is obtained, any combination of the voltage difference setting thresholds is selected as a switching instruction transmission object, and x is an integer greater than 3.
In the embodiment, the step of selecting the light storage module is designed to obtain a redundant result, so as to further screen the switching object, and further ensure the stability of the output voltage of the power supply loop before and after the switching action.
The set threshold is less than 1/2 the light storage module output nominal voltage.
In this embodiment, a threshold value may be set, and a combination with the smallest voltage difference may be selected as the switching target.
The control method of the photovoltaic system of the present invention may be a reasonable combination of the various conditions set forth in the above embodiments.
Taking a power generation system formed by connecting 20 photovoltaic power generation components in series as an example, when the power generation capacity of one component in the power generation system is reduced to 50%, the existing photovoltaic power generation system adopts the effect of maintaining the stable output of the system by accessing an energy storage unit and temporarily and simultaneously generating power through the energy storage unit, however, the power generation capacity of the whole group of power generation units follows the principle of a barrel short plate, and the actual power generation capacity can be simultaneously reduced to 50%. By adopting the photovoltaic power generation system and the control method, the power generation capacity of the whole group of power generation units is actually reduced to (100% -50%/20) =97.5% at the same time, and the power generation capacity is hardly influenced because only the power generation capacity of the light storage modules with the influenced power generation capacity is reduced and other light storage modules are not influenced in the power supply system, so that only 1 module is reduced by 50% in a 20-module series system, and other modules normally work according to 100% power generation capacity, and the power generation capacity of the whole power supply system is reduced by only 2.5%.
As a core cost component of the system, the capacity and the cost of the energy storage unit in the conventional system are completely determined by the designed stable output time, and the photovoltaic power generation system and the control method can achieve reasonable configuration of the capacity of the energy storage unit in real time and have higher power generation efficiency under the same condition.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides a light stores up module, includes photovoltaic unit and energy storage unit, its characterized in that, light stores up module still includes linkage reverse control switch and the control unit, energy storage unit and photovoltaic unit parallel connection, two switch series connections in energy storage unit and the linkage reverse control switch, the control unit is used for gathering photovoltaic unit's terminal voltage signal, still is used for gathering photovoltaic unit's operating temperature, still is used for gathering energy storage unit's charge-discharge current signal and charge-discharge state, still is used for control linkage reverse control switch's operating condition.
2. A light storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that the ganged reversing control switch is an electronic switch, a mechanical switch or a circuit unit comprising discrete semiconductor devices with equivalent functions.
3. A light storage module according to claim 1, wherein the control unit has embedded therein a computer software-implemented controller, the controller comprising:
the terminal voltage acquisition unit is used for acquiring a terminal voltage signal of the photovoltaic unit;
the current acquisition unit is used for acquiring charge and discharge current signals of the energy storage unit;
the charging and discharging state acquisition unit is used for acquiring the charging and discharging state of the energy storage unit;
and the switch control unit is used for generating a control signal for controlling the linkage reverse control switch.
4. A photovoltaic power supply system based on reconstruction control is characterized by comprising a master control unit and N + x optical storage modules according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein the N + x optical storage modules are connected in series in a power supply loop, the control units in the N + x optical storage modules realize data interaction with the master control unit in a serial communication mode, and the control unit in each optical storage module is used for controlling a linkage reverse control switch and realizing that the optical storage module is put into the power supply loop or cut off from the power supply loop.
5. The photovoltaic power supply system based on reconfiguration control according to claim 4, wherein said general control unit has embedded therein computer software implemented modules, said software modules including:
a data acquisition unit; the optical storage module is used for periodically collecting the information collected by each optical storage module and sending the information to the data processing unit;
a data processing unit; the photovoltaic energy storage module is used for acquiring the generated energy and the generating speed of each photovoltaic unit according to the data acquired by the data acquisition unit and acquiring the terminal voltage change rate of the energy storage unit in each photovoltaic energy storage module;
the online photovoltaic unit switches the control unit: the optical storage module is used for determining the optical storage module thrown into the series circuit and the optical storage module for cutting off the series circuit according to the data obtained by the data processing unit, and is also used for sending throwing and cutting instructions to the corresponding optical storage modules.
6. A photovoltaic power supply method based on reconfiguration control is characterized in that the method is realized based on the following power supply system, and the power supply system comprises:
the optical storage system comprises a master control unit and N + x optical storage modules according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein the N + x optical storage modules are connected in series in a power supply loop, the control units in the N + x optical storage modules realize data interaction with the master control unit in a serial communication mode, and the control unit in each optical storage module is used for controlling a linkage reverse control switch and realizing the switching of the optical storage module into the power supply loop or the switching off of the optical storage module from the power supply loop;
the control method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of data acquisition, namely periodically acquiring the terminal voltage of a photovoltaic unit in each light storage module, and the charging and discharging current and state of an energy storage unit;
a data processing step; acquiring the generated energy and the generating speed of the photovoltaic unit of each light storage module, and the terminal voltage and the voltage change rate of the energy storage unit according to the acquired data;
a light storage module selection step, which is used for selecting the light storage module in the recombined power supply loop according to the data processing result;
switching instruction sending step: and sending a throwing instruction and cutting the information of the selected optical storage module to the corresponding optical storage module.
7. The photovoltaic power supply method based on reconfiguration control according to claim 6, wherein said switching command sending step is either one of the following two modes:
the first method comprises the following steps: sending an 'excision' instruction to a light storage module which is currently located in the discharging loop and is not in the discharging loop after adjustment, and sending a 'throw-in' instruction to a light storage module which is not in the discharging loop at present and is in the discharging loop after adjustment;
and the second method comprises the following steps: and sending an 'input' instruction to each light storage module in the power supply loop after adjustment, and sending a 'cut-off' instruction to the rest light storage modules at the same time.
8. The photovoltaic power supply method based on reconfiguration control according to claim 6, wherein the starting condition of said light storage module selecting step is one of the following three starting conditions:
first start-up conditions: setting a switching period, starting the light storage module selection step in each switching period, and then executing a switching instruction sending step to complete switching operation;
second start-up conditions: taking the generated energy or the generating speed of the photovoltaic unit in the light storage module as a starting condition;
the third start-up condition: and taking the voltage or the voltage change rate of the energy storage unit in the light storage module as a starting condition.
9. The photovoltaic power supply method based on reconfiguration control according to claim 6, wherein in said light storage module selecting step, the conditions for selecting the light storage module are determined according to the power generation amount and speed of the photovoltaic cells of the light storage module and the voltage and voltage change rate of the energy storage cells in the data processing result.
10. The photovoltaic power supply method based on reconfiguration control according to claim 6, wherein in the light storage module selecting step, the light storage module in the reconfigured power supply circuit is selected according to a product of voltage and voltage change rate of the light storage module in the data processing result, and a principle of selecting the light storage module with the largest product is to select the light storage module.
11. A photovoltaic power supply method based on reconfiguration control according to claim 10, characterized in that the principle of selection is one of the two following:
the first method comprises the following steps: selecting the light storage modules with the highest products from the x light storage modules which are bypassed and replacing the light storage modules with the lowest products of the lines;
and the second method comprises the following steps: and (4) selecting N photovoltaic units with products sequenced in the front from the N + x light storage modules and putting the N photovoltaic units into a power supply loop regardless of whether the current state is on line, and adjusting the x light storage modules with small products to be in a bypass state.
12. The photovoltaic power supply method based on reconfiguration control according to claim 6, wherein in the light storage module selecting step, x combinations of light storage modules in the power supply circuit after reconfiguration are selected, then a voltage difference between a total voltage of each combination and a total voltage of a current power supply circuit is obtained, any one of the combinations of the voltage difference setting thresholds is selected as a switching instruction transmitting object, and x is an integer greater than 3.
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