CN114744655B - Control method and topology device of flywheel energy storage system - Google Patents

Control method and topology device of flywheel energy storage system Download PDF

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CN114744655B
CN114744655B CN202210349302.4A CN202210349302A CN114744655B CN 114744655 B CN114744655 B CN 114744655B CN 202210349302 A CN202210349302 A CN 202210349302A CN 114744655 B CN114744655 B CN 114744655B
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flywheel
motor
power
grid
power grid
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CN114744655A (en
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付强
于红
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Beijing Qiwen New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/30—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/06—Rotor flux based control involving the use of rotor position or rotor speed sensors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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Abstract

The invention discloses a control method and a topology device of a flywheel energy storage system. The control method of the flywheel energy storage system is applied to a topology device of the flywheel energy storage system, and the topology device of the flywheel energy storage system comprises an energy conversion module; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of a power grid; generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, wherein the first control instruction is used for controlling the energy conversion module to output active power or reactive power to the power grid; or controlling the energy conversion module to absorb active power or reactive power from the power grid. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention solves the problems that the new energy station does not have inertia adjustment and frequency modulation capability for responding to the frequency change of the system, and the self-adjustment and anti-interference capability of the power system gradually decline to influence the safe and stable operation of the power system.

Description

Control method and topology device of flywheel energy storage system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flywheel energy storage, in particular to a control method and a topology device of a flywheel energy storage system.
Background
With the great improvement of the new energy power generation ratio, different from the traditional synchronous generator set, the wind turbine generator set and the solar photovoltaic power generation are connected into a power grid through power electronics and a control technology thereof, are decoupled with the frequency of the power grid, and do not have the rotational inertia of the traditional synchronous generator set; in addition, in order to maximize the utilization of wind energy and solar energy, a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode is adopted for Power generation control, and therefore, the frequency modulation function of the traditional generator set is not provided.
When the new energy with high permeability is accessed into the power system, on one hand, because the occupation ratio of a synchronous machine in the power system is reduced, the frequency regulation capability provided by the synchronous machine and the system inertia are reduced, and the frequency fluctuation is more serious when the power grid is disturbed; on the other hand, the output of new energy such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation and the like has higher volatility and randomness, and more frequent disturbance is caused to the frequency of the power system.
The new energy station does not have inertia adjustment and frequency modulation capabilities for responding to system frequency change, so that self-adjustment and anti-interference capabilities of the power system are gradually reduced, and the problem of influencing safe and stable operation of the power system exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a control method and a topological device of a flywheel energy storage system, and aims to solve the problem that a new energy station does not have inertia adjustment and frequency modulation capabilities for responding to system frequency change, so that the self-adjustment and anti-interference capabilities of an electric power system are gradually reduced, and the safe and stable operation of the electric power system is influenced.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a control method of a flywheel energy storage system is provided, where the control method of the flywheel energy storage system is applied to a topology device of the flywheel energy storage system, and the topology device of the flywheel energy storage system includes an energy conversion module; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of a power grid;
generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, wherein the first control instruction is used for controlling the energy conversion module to output active power or reactive power to the power grid; or controlling the energy conversion module to absorb active power or reactive power from the power grid.
Optionally, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system further includes: a motor flywheel controller; the energy conversion module comprises an energy conversion system and a flywheel energy storage inverter; the first control instruction comprises a first sub-control instruction;
after the first control instruction is generated according to the parameter adjusting signal, the method further comprises the following steps:
the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction; the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system, or absorbs the active power from the power grid.
Optionally, the first sub-control instruction includes a primary frequency modulation instruction;
the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system or absorbs the active power from the power grid, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the frequency of the power grid is higher than a first preset threshold value, a motor flywheel controller controls a flywheel to increase the rotating speed according to a primary frequency modulation instruction, and a flywheel energy storage inverter absorbs active power from the power grid;
when the frequency of the power grid is lower than a second preset threshold value, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to the primary frequency modulation instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid.
Optionally, the first sub-control instruction includes an active inertia support instruction;
the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotational speed of flywheel according to first sub control command, and flywheel energy storage inverter passes through energy conversion system and exports active power to the electric wire netting, perhaps, absorbs active power from the electric wire netting, includes:
when the descending amplitude of the power grid frequency is larger than the preset threshold frequency in the preset time, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to the active inertia supporting instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system.
Optionally, the first sub-control instruction includes a smooth new energy active power fluctuation instruction;
the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system or absorbs the active power from the power grid, and the method comprises the following steps:
the motor flywheel controller controls a flywheel to increase the rotating speed according to the active power fluctuation instruction of the smooth new energy, and the flywheel energy storage inverter absorbs active power from a power grid; or the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to the active power fluctuation instruction of the smooth new energy, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid.
Optionally, the topology device of the flywheel energy storage system further includes: a grid-connected controller; the first control instruction further comprises a second sub-control instruction;
after the first control instruction is generated according to the parameter adjusting signal, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the grid controller controls the energy conversion system to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb reactive power from the power grid according to the second sub-control instruction.
Optionally, after generating the first control instruction according to the parameter adjustment signal, the method further includes:
receiving a superior scheduling instruction, and generating a secondary frequency modulation instruction according to the superior scheduling instruction;
and the motor flywheel controller controls the energy conversion system to output active power to the power grid or absorb the active power from the power grid according to the secondary frequency modulation instruction.
Optionally, the parameter adjusting signal of the power grid includes: the method comprises the following steps that a direct-current bus voltage reference value and a direct-current bus voltage actual measurement value, a reactive power reference value injected into a power grid and a reactive power actual measurement value injected into the power grid, a power grid current d-axis actual measurement value and a power grid current q-axis actual measurement value are obtained;
and the grid controller controls the energy conversion system to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb reactive power from the power grid according to the second sub-control instruction, and the method comprises the following steps:
the grid-connected controller calculates a d-axis grid current reference value according to the direct-current bus voltage reference value and the actual measured value of the direct-current bus voltage
Figure BDA0003578755850000031
The grid-connected controller calculates a q-axis grid current reference value according to the reactive power reference value injected into the grid and the actual reactive power measured value injected into the grid
Figure BDA0003578755850000032
The grid-connected controller is used for controlling the grid current reference value according to the d-axis grid current
Figure BDA0003578755850000033
And q-axis grid current reference
Figure BDA0003578755850000034
And the actual measured value of the grid current d axis and the grid current q axisActual measured value, calculating d-axis grid voltage control quantity u dg And q-axis grid voltage control u qg ；
The grid-connected controller controls the quantity u according to the voltage of the d-axis power grid dg And q-axis grid voltage control u qg After dq-abc park inverse transformation, a three-phase voltage control signal u is obtained ag 、u bg And u cg ；
The grid-connected controller controls the signal u according to the three-phase voltage ag 、u bg And u cg And controlling the voltage stability of a direct current bus of the energy conversion system and controlling the reactive power of a power grid.
Optionally, the parameter adjusting signal of the power grid includes: three-phase current of motor stator and voltage phase theta of motor m And motor rotor flux linkage vector psi r Motor stator flux linkage reference value psi sref Reference value omega of motor speed mref With measured value of motor speed omega m ；
The motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction; the flywheel energy storage inverter passes through energy conversion system and exports active power to the electric wire netting, perhaps, absorbs active power from the electric wire netting, includes:
the motor flywheel controller controls the motor flywheel according to the three-phase current of the motor stator and the voltage phase theta of the motor m And motor rotor flux linkage vector psi r Calculating the stator flux linkage measurement psi of the motor s ；
The motor flywheel controller enables the motor stator flux linkage reference value psi sref Measured value psi of flux linkage with stator of motor s Performing difference, and generating a flux linkage control signal phi through a flux linkage hysteresis comparator and flux linkage adjustment;
the motor flywheel controller is used for controlling the flywheel according to the flux linkage vector psi of the motor rotor r And motor stator flux linkage measurement psi s Calculating the actual value T of the electromagnetic torque of the motor e ；
The motor flywheel controller is based on the motor speed reference value omega mref With measured value omega of motor speed m The difference is subjected to PI control to obtain an electromagnetic torque reference value T ref ：
The motor flywheel controller will supply powerReference value of magnetic torque T ref With the actual value T of the electromagnetic torque e Taking the difference as an electromagnetic torque signal, and generating a torque control signal tau through a torque hysteresis comparator and torque regulation according to the electromagnetic torque signal;
the motor flywheel controller controls the torque according to the flux linkage control signal phi and the torque control signal tau and the voltage phase theta of the motor m And the switching state is determined by the switching state selection module, and the voltage output by the flywheel energy storage inverter is adjusted according to the switching state so as to control the motor to adjust the rotating speed of the flywheel.
Optionally, after generating the first control instruction according to the parameter adjustment signal, the method further includes:
a flywheel bearing sensor detects a position deviation signal of a flywheel;
and the flywheel bearing controller controls the rotor to return to the reference position by controlling the current of the bearing coil of the flywheel according to the position deviation signal of the flywheel.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a topology apparatus of a flywheel energy storage system, including: the system comprises a parameter acquisition module, a system control module and an energy conversion module;
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid;
the system control module is used for generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, and the first control instruction is used for controlling the energy conversion module to output active power or reactive power to the power grid; or controlling the energy conversion module to absorb active power or reactive power from the power grid.
Optionally, the topology device of the flywheel energy storage system further includes:
the motor flywheel controller is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction; wherein the first control instruction comprises a first sub-control instruction;
the energy conversion module comprises a flywheel energy storage inverter and an energy conversion system, wherein the flywheel energy storage inverter is used for outputting active power to a power grid through the energy conversion system or absorbing the active power from the power grid.
Optionally, the topology device of the flywheel energy storage system further includes:
the grid-connected controller is used for controlling the energy conversion system to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb the reactive power from the power grid according to the second sub-control instruction; the first control instruction further comprises a second sub-control instruction.
Optionally, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system further includes:
the flywheel bearing sensor is used for detecting a position deviation signal of the flywheel;
and the flywheel bearing controller is used for controlling the rotor to return to the reference position by controlling the current of the bearing coil of the flywheel according to the position deviation signal of the flywheel.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes dynamic adjustment of the frequency of the power grid, effectively stabilizes the voltage fluctuation of the power grid, improves the capacity of the power grid for accommodating new energy power generation equipment, and solves the problem that the self-regulation and anti-interference capacity of the power system is gradually reduced to influence the safe and stable operation of the power system because the new energy station does not have inertia regulation and frequency modulation capacity for responding to the frequency change of the system.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor do they necessarily limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a topology device of a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another flywheel energy storage system control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a control principle of a grid-connected controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a control method for a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating the torque control principle of a motor flywheel controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a flywheel bearing controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a topology device of a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a topology device of a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method of a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the control method of the flywheel energy storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a topology device of the flywheel energy storage system, where the topology device of the flywheel energy storage system includes an energy conversion module 10.
The control method of the flywheel energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid.
Specifically, the parameter adjustment signal of the power grid may be a parameter of each component of the topology device of the flywheel energy storage system and a parameter of the topology device of the flywheel energy storage system as a whole. For example, the parameter adjustment signal of the grid may include a dc bus voltage reference value, a dc bus voltage actual measurement value, a reactive power reference value injected into the grid, a reactive power actual measurement value injected into the grid, a grid current d-axis actual measurement value and/or a grid current q-axis actual measurement value, and the like, without any limitation. And acquiring historical parameter adjustment signals of the power grid or acquiring real-time historical parameter adjustment signals of the power grid, which is not limited herein.
S102, generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, wherein the first control instruction is used for controlling the energy conversion module to output active power or reactive power to a power grid; or controlling the energy conversion module to absorb active power or reactive power from the power grid.
Specifically, the system control module 100 generates a first control command according to the parameter adjustment signal. The first control instruction is used for controlling the energy conversion module 10 to output active power to the power grid or absorb active power from the power grid according to the needs of the power grid. The first control instruction generated by the system control module 100 realizes the adjustment of the active power balance of the power grid, so that the primary frequency modulation of the power grid is realized, and the active power fluctuation caused by new energy can be stabilized. The energy conversion module 10 can output active power to the power grid according to the needs of the power grid, and can realize inertia support. The first control instruction generated by the system control module 100 is used to control the energy conversion module 10 to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb reactive power from the power grid according to the needs of the power grid, so as to implement voltage regulation on the power grid and effectively stabilize voltage fluctuation of the power grid.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes dynamic adjustment of the frequency of the power grid, effectively stabilizes the voltage fluctuation of the power grid, improves the capacity of the power grid for accommodating new energy power generation equipment, and solves the problem that the self-regulation and anti-interference capacity of the power system is gradually reduced and the safe and stable operation of the power system is influenced because the new energy station does not have inertia regulation and frequency modulation capacity for responding to the frequency change of the system.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 1, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a motor flywheel controller 20; the energy conversion module 10 includes an energy conversion system PCS and a flywheel energy storage inverter 11.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of another flywheel energy storage system control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 3, a control method of a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
and S101, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid.
And S102, generating a first control command according to the parameter adjusting signal.
S201, the first control instruction comprises a first sub-control instruction; the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction; the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system, or absorbs the active power from the power grid.
Specifically, the first sub-control instruction is used for controlling a motor flywheel controller, the motor flywheel controller generates a corresponding control signal, and the flywheel energy storage inverter is controlled to output active power to the power grid or absorb the active power from the power grid according to the needs of the power grid through an energy conversion system. The active power balance of the power grid is adjusted through the first control instruction generated by the flywheel energy storage inverter, so that primary frequency modulation is performed on the power grid, and active power fluctuation caused by new energy can be stabilized. According to the needs of the power grid, the flywheel energy storage inverter can output active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system, inertia support can be achieved, the accepting capacity of the power grid to new energy power generation equipment is further improved, and the frequency modulation capacity of the power grid is improved.
Optionally, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a control method of a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 4, a method for controlling a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid.
And S102, generating a first control command according to the parameter adjusting signal.
S301, the first sub-control instruction comprises a primary frequency modulation instruction; when the frequency of the power grid is higher than a first preset threshold value, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to increase the rotating speed according to a primary frequency modulation instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter absorbs active power from the power grid.
And S302, when the frequency of the power grid is lower than a second preset threshold value, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to the primary frequency modulation instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid.
In particular, when the grid frequency changes more than onceWhen the frequency modulation is dead, the system control module starts primary frequency modulation, the system control module generates a primary frequency modulation instruction and sends the primary frequency modulation instruction to the motor flywheel controller, and the motor flywheel controller executes a primary frequency modulation function. The specific frequency modulation process is as follows: when the frequency of the power grid is too high, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel of the motor to increase the rotating speed, the flywheel energy storage inverter absorbs active power from the power grid, and the motor serves as a motor and is equivalent to a load. When the frequency of the power grid is too low, the motor flywheel controller controls the motor flywheel to reduce the rotating speed, the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through energy conversion systems such as a power electronic converter, and the motor serves as a generator. The motor flywheel controller controls the rotation speed change of the flywheel of the motor, and the flywheel energy storage system outputs active power P absorbed from the power grid to the power grid e The following;
Figure BDA0003578755850000071
wherein, J f Is inertia of flywheel, omega m Is the flywheel speed of the motor, D f Is the flywheel coefficient of friction.
Optionally, fig. 5 is a flowchart of a control method of a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 5, a method for controlling a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid.
And S102, generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal.
S401, enabling the first sub-control command to comprise an active inertia supporting command; when the frequency of the power grid is reduced by more than a preset threshold frequency within a preset time, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to the active inertia supporting instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system.
Specifically, when the frequency of the power grid suddenly drops, the system control module generates an active inertia supporting instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, and the motor flywheel controller receives the active inertia supporting instruction and executes an active inertia supporting function. The motor flywheel controller controls a flywheel of the motor to reduce the rotating speed, and the flywheel energy storage inverter rapidly outputs active power to a power grid through the energy conversion system PCS to stabilize the frequency of the power grid.
For a flywheel energy storage inverter determined by design parameters, the inertia constant is as follows:
Figure BDA0003578755850000072
wherein H is inertia constant of the flywheel energy storage inverter, omega max At the maximum speed of rotation of the flywheel, S n Is the capacity of the motor.
Optionally, fig. 6 is a flowchart of a control method of a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 6, a method for controlling a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid.
And S102, generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal.
S501, the first sub-control command comprises a smooth new energy active power fluctuation command; the motor flywheel controller controls a flywheel to increase the rotating speed according to the active power fluctuation instruction of the smooth new energy, and the flywheel energy storage inverter absorbs active power from a power grid; or the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to the active power fluctuation command of the smooth new energy, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid.
Specifically, the system control module generates a smooth new energy active power fluctuation instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, the motor flywheel controller receives the smooth new energy active power fluctuation instruction, and the motor flywheel controller executes a smooth new energy active power fluctuation function. According to the active power fluctuation instruction of the smooth new energy, the motor flywheel controller controls a flywheel of the motor to reduce the rotating speed, and the flywheel energy storage inverter rapidly outputs active power to a power grid through the energy conversion system PCS. Or the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel of the motor to increase the rotating speed, and the flywheel energy storage inverter rapidly absorbs active power from the power grid through the energy conversion system PCS. The flywheel energy storage system and the power grid are subjected to rapid active power interaction, and therefore fluctuation of active power of new energy such as wind power and photovoltaic is smoothed.
Optionally, fig. 7 is a flowchart of a control method of another flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 7, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: and to the network controller 30.
The control method of the flywheel energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and S101, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid.
And S102, generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal.
S601, the first control instruction further comprises a second sub-control instruction; and the grid controller controls the energy conversion system to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb reactive power from the power grid according to the second sub-control instruction.
In particular, the second sub-control command may comprise a grid voltage fluctuation stabilizing command. And the system control module generates a stabilizing power grid voltage fluctuation instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, and the network controller receives the stabilizing power grid voltage fluctuation instruction and executes a function of stabilizing power grid voltage fluctuation. According to the command for stabilizing the voltage fluctuation of the power grid, the grid-connected controller controls the energy conversion system PCS to rapidly output reactive power to the power grid or rapidly absorb the reactive power from the power grid. The flywheel energy storage system and the power grid are subjected to rapid reactive power interaction, and the voltage of the power grid is adjusted, so that the fluctuation of the voltage of the power grid is stabilized.
Optionally, fig. 8 is a flowchart of a control method of a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 8, a method for controlling a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
and S101, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid.
And S102, generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal.
And S701, receiving a superior scheduling instruction, and generating a secondary frequency modulation instruction according to the superior scheduling instruction.
Specifically, the system control module receives a superior dispatching instruction of a superior dispatching terminal, and generates a secondary frequency modulation instruction according to the superior dispatching instruction so as to control the flywheel energy storage system to modulate frequency.
S702, the motor flywheel controller controls the energy conversion system to output active power to the power grid or absorb the active power from the power grid according to the secondary frequency modulation instruction.
Specifically, the system control module generates a secondary frequency modulation command according to a superior scheduling command sent by a superior scheduling terminal, and sends the secondary frequency modulation command to the motor flywheel controller. The motor flywheel controller executes a secondary frequency modulation function: the motor flywheel controller controls a flywheel of the motor to reduce or increase the rotating speed, and the flywheel energy storage inverter rapidly outputs active power to a power grid or rapidly absorbs the active power from the power grid through the energy conversion system PCS, so that the requirement of secondary frequency modulation of the power grid is met.
Optionally, fig. 9 is a flowchart of a control method of a flywheel energy storage system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
On the basis of the above embodiment, with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 9, a method for controlling a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s801, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of a power grid; wherein, the parameter adjustment signal of the electric wire netting includes: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a direct current bus voltage reference value and a direct current bus voltage actual measurement value, obtaining a reactive power reference value injected into a power grid and a reactive power actual measurement value injected into the power grid, obtaining a power grid current d-axis actual measurement value and a power grid current q-axis actual measurement value.
And S102, generating a first control command according to the parameter adjusting signal.
S802, the grid-connected controller calculates a d-axis grid current reference value i according to the direct current bus voltage reference value and the actual measured value of the direct current bus voltage * dg ；
S803, the grid-connected controller calculates a q-axis grid current reference value i according to the reactive power reference value injected into the grid and the actual reactive power measured value injected into the grid * qg ；
S804, the grid-connected controller participates in current parameter according to the d-axis grid currentExamination value i * dg And q-axis grid current reference value i * qg And calculating d-axis grid voltage control quantity u by using the grid current d-axis actual measurement value and the grid current q-axis actual measurement value dg And q-axis grid voltage control u qg ；
S805, the grid-connected controller controls the quantity u according to the voltage of the d-axis grid dg And q-axis grid voltage control u qg After dq-abc park inverse transformation, a three-phase voltage control signal u is obtained ag 、u bg And u cg ；
S806, controlling the signal u by the grid-connected controller according to the three-phase voltage ag 、u bg And u cg And controlling the voltage stability of a direct current bus of the energy conversion system and controlling the reactive power of a power grid.
Specifically, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a control principle of a grid-connected controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1, 9, and 10, the grid-connected controller according to the embodiment of the present invention controls the dc bus voltage of the energy conversion system PCS to be stable, and controls the grid-connected reactive power. Illustratively, the method is specifically performed by:
i) d, q axis grid current reference value
Figure BDA0003578755850000091
Calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003578755850000092
Figure BDA0003578755850000093
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure BDA0003578755850000094
u dc respectively a reference value of the DC bus voltage and an actual measurement value of the DC bus voltage,
Figure BDA0003578755850000095
Q g respectively a reactive power reference value injected into the power grid and a reactive power actual measurement value injected into the power grid; control coefficient k p1 、k i1 The value range is 1<k p1 <10000，0.01<k i1 <10。
ii) d and q axis grid voltage control quantity u dg 、u qg Calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003578755850000096
Figure BDA0003578755850000097
wherein i dg 、i qg The measured values of d and q axes of the grid current are respectively s For the frequency of the mains voltage, u s For the amplitude of the line voltage of the grid, the phase voltage u of the grid ag 、u bg 、u cg Obtaining the grid voltage frequency omega through a software phase-locked loop SPLL s And phase theta s (ii) a Control coefficient k p2 、k i2 The value range is 1<k p2 <10000，0.01<k i2 <10；
iii) Pulse width modulation signal
D and q axis power grid voltage control quantity u obtained according to the steps dg 、u qg After dq-abc park inverse transformation, a three-phase voltage control signal u is obtained ag 、u bg 、u cg Calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003578755850000101
the three-phase inversion unit comprises 6 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT), each phase comprises an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm which are formed by 2 IGBTs, the upper bridge arm IGBT control signal of each phase is connected with the three-phase voltage control signal and is subjected to isolation driving to obtain three corresponding pulse width modulation signals, namely PWMa, PWMb and PWMc, and the lower bridge armThe 3 IGBT control signals are opposite to the signals of the upper bridge arm, namely, inverse signals corresponding to PWMa, PWMb and PWMc are adopted
Figure BDA0003578755850000102
Optionally, fig. 11 is a flowchart of a control method of another flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the above embodiment, with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 11, a method for controlling a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s901, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of a power grid; wherein, the parameter adjustment signal of electric wire netting includes: three-phase current of motor stator and voltage phase theta of motor m And motor rotor flux linkage vector psi r Motor stator flux linkage reference value psi sref Reference value omega of motor speed mref With measured value of motor speed omega m ；
And S102, generating a first control command according to the parameter adjusting signal.
S902, the motor flywheel controller controls the motor according to the three-phase current of the motor stator and the voltage phase theta of the motor m And motor rotor flux linkage vector psi r Calculating the stator flux linkage measurement psi of the motor s ；
S903, enabling the motor flywheel controller to enable the motor stator flux linkage reference value psi to be obtained sref Measurement psi of flux linkage with motor stator s Performing difference, and generating a flux linkage control signal phi through a flux linkage hysteresis comparator and flux linkage adjustment;
s904, the motor flywheel controller conducts magnetic linkage vector psi according to the motor rotor r And motor stator flux linkage measurement psi s Calculating the actual value T of the electromagnetic torque of the motor e ；
S905. The motor flywheel controller is used for controlling the flywheel according to the reference value omega of the rotating speed of the motor mref With measured value omega of motor speed m The difference is subjected to PI control to obtain an electromagnetic torque reference value T ref ：
S906, the motor flywheel controller enables the electromagnetic torque reference value T to be obtained ref With the actual value T of the electromagnetic torque e Taking the difference as an electromagnetic torque signal, and passing the torque hysteresis loop ratio according to the electromagnetic torque signalComparing and regulating the torque to generate a torque control signal tau;
s907, the motor flywheel controller controls the signal phi and the torque according to the flux linkage, and the voltage phase theta of the motor m And the switching state is determined by the switching state selection module, and the voltage output by the flywheel energy storage inverter is adjusted according to the switching state so as to control the motor to adjust the rotating speed of the flywheel.
Specifically, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a torque control principle of a motor flywheel controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the motor flywheel controller may adopt a direct torque control method to control the flywheel energy storage inverter, and thus the motor. Direct torque control by maintaining motor rotor flux linkage vector psi r And motor stator winding flux linkage vector psi s The amplitude of the motor is unchanged, so that the phase difference between the motor stator flux linkage and the motor rotor flux linkage is controlled, and the electromagnetic torque is controlled.
Illustratively, this is specifically performed by: i) The motor stator flux linkage is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003578755850000111
wherein psi s Flux linkage vector, psi, for stator windings of electric machines r Is a motor rotor flux linkage vector, L is a motor stator three-phase winding self-inductance coefficient, M is a motor stator three-phase winding mutual inductance coefficient, and theta m For the flux linkage vector psi of the motor rotor r Angle to the axis of the three-phase winding, called motor voltage phase, i am 、i bm 、i cm For three-phase currents, psi, of the stator of the machine a 、ψ b 、ψ c A three-phase winding flux linkage of a motor stator;
reference value psi of motor stator flux linkage sref With the measured value psi s The difference is adjusted by a flux linkage hysteresis comparator and flux linkage to obtain a flux linkage control signal phi;
ii) calculating electromagnetic torque of the motor, wherein an actual value is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003578755850000112
wherein L is s For the stator inductance of the machine, n p Is the number of pole pairs, delta sr Is a stator torque angle;
the formula shows that the electromagnetic torque of the motor is related to the amplitude of a stator flux vector, a stator flux and a stator torque angle, when the flux amplitude of the stator is constant, the torque angle is between-90 degrees and 90 degrees, the electromagnetic torque is increased along with the increase of the torque angle, and the direct torque control is realized by keeping the stator flux amplitude constant and unchanged;
reference value omega of motor speed mref With measured value of motor speed omega m The difference is subjected to PI control to obtain an electromagnetic torque reference value T ref ：
T ref ＝[k p3 (ω mref -ω m )+k i3 ∫(ω mref -ω m )] (10)
Control coefficient k p3 、k i3 The value range is 1<k p3 <10000，0.01<k i3 <100；
Reference value T of electromagnetic torque ref With the actual value T of the electromagnetic torque e The difference is used as an electromagnetic torque signal, and the electromagnetic torque signal passes through a torque hysteresis comparator and is subjected to torque regulation to obtain a torque control signal tau;
iii) The flux linkage control signal phi, the torque control signal tau and the motor voltage phase theta are measured m And a proper switching state is selected according to the requirement through the switching state selection module, and the output voltage of the flywheel energy storage inverter is adjusted according to the switching state so as to control the motor. The motor may be a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and is not limited herein.
Table 1 is a motor torque control voltage vector switching table provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure BDA0003578755850000121
Optionally, fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a flywheel bearing controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a flowchart of a control method of a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. With reference to fig. 1, 13 and 14, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a flywheel bearing sensor 50 and a flywheel bearing controller 40.
The control method of the flywheel energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and S101, acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid.
And S102, generating a first control command according to the parameter adjusting signal.
S1001, the flywheel bearing sensor 50 detects a position deviation signal of the flywheel.
S1002, the flywheel bearing controller 40 controls the rotor to return to the reference position by controlling the current of the bearing coil of the flywheel according to the position deviation signal of the flywheel.
Specifically, PID control is performed on a position deviation signal detected by the flywheel bearing sensor 50 to control the current of the bearing coil of the flywheel, so that the positioning accuracy of the rotor is high, and even if the rotor is disturbed by an external force, the rotor can be returned to the reference position by changing the current of the bearing coil of the flywheel, and the transfer function G(s) of the flywheel bearing controller 40 is as follows:
Figure BDA0003578755850000122
wherein, K p Is the proportional gain, K i Is the integration time constant, K d Is the differential element time constant, T d Is a first-order coefficient of inertia, taking the value 1<K p <1000，0.01<K i <100，0.001<K d <10，0.1<T d <10。
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a topology device of a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 15, a topology apparatus of a flywheel energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a parameter acquisition module 50, a system control module 100 and an energy conversion module 10;
the parameter acquisition module 50 is used for acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid;
the system control module 100 is configured to generate a first control instruction according to the parameter adjustment signal, where the first control instruction is used to control the energy conversion module 10 to output active power or reactive power to the power grid; or controlling the energy conversion module to absorb active power or reactive power from the power grid.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 1, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes:
a motor flywheel controller 20 for adjusting the rotation speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction; wherein the first control instruction comprises a first sub-control instruction;
the energy conversion module 10 includes a flywheel energy storage inverter 11 and an energy conversion system PCS, and the flywheel energy storage inverter 11 is configured to output active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system PCS, or absorb active power from the power grid.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 1, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes:
the grid-connected controller 30 is used for controlling the energy conversion system PCS to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb reactive power from the power grid according to the second sub-control instruction; the first control instruction further comprises a second sub-control instruction.
Optionally, on the basis of the foregoing embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 1, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes:
the flywheel bearing sensor is used for detecting a position deviation signal of the flywheel;
and a flywheel bearing controller 40 for controlling the rotor to return to the reference position by controlling the current of the bearing coil of the flywheel according to the position deviation signal of the flywheel.
Illustratively, continuing to refer to fig. 1, the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system provided in this embodiment includes a system control module, the system control module 100 serves as a system control center of the flywheel energy storage system, and the topology apparatus of the flywheel energy storage system further includes an energy conversion system PCS, a flywheel energy storage inverter 11, a motor, a flywheel, and a grid-connected controller 30, a motor flywheel controller 20, a flywheel bearing controller 40, and the like. The motor may comprise a permanent magnet motor. The alternating current end of the energy conversion system PCS is connected with an alternating current power grid, and the direct current end of the energy conversion system PCS is connected with the direct current end of the flywheel energy storage inverter 11. The direct current end of the flywheel energy storage inverter 11 is connected with the direct current end of the energy conversion system PCS, and the alternating current end of the flywheel energy storage inverter 11 is connected with the port of the motor stator. The motor stator port is connected with the alternating current end of the flywheel energy storage inverter 11. The motor rotor shaft is connected with the flywheel shaft; the flywheel shaft is connected with a motor rotor shaft.
The communication end of the system control module 100 is connected to the communication ends corresponding to the grid-connected controller 30, the motor flywheel controller, and the upper-level scheduling terminal. And the acquisition port of the grid-connected controller 30 is connected with the output ports of the alternating current voltage transformer, the alternating current sensor and the direct current voltage sensor of the energy conversion system PCS. And a control port of the grid-connected controller 30 is connected with a control port of an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) of a power electronic full-control device of the energy conversion system PCS. And the acquisition port of the motor flywheel controller 20 is connected with the output ports of the alternating current voltage transformer, the alternating current sensor and the direct current voltage sensor of the flywheel energy storage inverter 11. The control port of the motor flywheel controller 20 is connected with the control port of the power electronic full control device IGBT of the flywheel energy storage inverter 11. The acquisition port of the flywheel bearing controller 40 is connected with the signal output port of the magnetic suspension bearing position sensor of the flywheel, and the output port of the flywheel bearing controller is connected with the bearing coil of the flywheel.
The topology device of the flywheel energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to high-capacity frequency modulation through modular combination. The flywheel energy storage system 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to a medium-voltage and high-voltage power distribution network 2 through a step-up transformer T1. Optionally, the flywheel bearing can adopt a mechanical bearing, a flywheel bearing controller is omitted, and the flywheel bearing controller is simple to control and higher in reliability. The energy conversion system PCS and the flywheel energy storage inverter can be in a three-level topology structure. The control method of the grid-tied controller and/or the flywheel bearing controller is not limited to PI or PID control.
It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above, reordering, adding or deleting steps, may be used. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. The control method of the flywheel energy storage system is characterized in that the control method of the flywheel energy storage system is applied to a topological device of the flywheel energy storage system, and the topological device of the flywheel energy storage system comprises an energy conversion module; the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of a power grid;
generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, wherein the first control instruction is used for controlling the energy conversion module to output active power or reactive power to a power grid; or, controlling the energy conversion module to absorb active power or reactive power from the power grid;
the parameter adjusting signal of the power grid comprises: three-phase current of motor stator and voltage phase of motorθ m And motor rotor flux linkage vectorψ r Motor stator flux linkage reference valueψ sref Motor speed reference valueω mref With measured values of motor speedω m ；
The motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction; the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system, or absorbs active power from the power grid, and the flywheel energy storage inverter comprises:
the motor flywheel controller is used for controlling the motor flywheel according to the three-phase current of the motor stator and the voltage phase of the motorθ m And motor rotor flux linkage vectorψ r Calculating the measured value of the flux linkage of the stator of the motorψ s ；
The motor flywheel controller is used for referencing the flux linkage of the motor statorψ sref Flux linkage measurement with motor statorψ s Performing difference, and generating flux linkage control signal by flux linkage hysteresis comparator and flux linkage adjustmentΦ；
The motor flywheel controller is based on the flux linkage vector of the motor rotorψ r And motor stator flux linkage measurementsψ s Calculating the actual value of the electromagnetic torque of the motorT e ；
The motor flywheel controller is used for controlling the flywheel according to the reference value of the motor rotating speedω mref With measured value of motor speedω m The difference is subjected to PI control to obtain an electromagnetic torque reference valueT ref ：
The motor flywheel controller is used for converting the electromagnetic torque reference valueT ref With actual value of electromagnetic torqueT e Taking the difference as an electromagnetic torque signal, and generating a torque control signal through a torque hysteresis comparator and torque regulation according to the electromagnetic torque signalτ；
The motor flywheel controller controls the signal according to the magnetic linkageΦThe torque control signalτAnd the voltage phase of the motorθ m And determining the switching state through a switching state selection module, and regulating the voltage output by the flywheel energy storage inverter according to the switching state so as to control the motor to adjust the rotating speed of the flywheel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the topology of the flywheel energy storage system further comprises: a motor flywheel controller; the energy conversion module comprises an energy conversion system and a flywheel energy storage inverter; the first control instruction comprises a first sub-control instruction;
after the generating the first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, the method further comprises:
the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction; and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system, or absorbs the active power from the power grid.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first sub-control command comprises a primary frequency modulation command;
the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotation speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system or absorbs the active power from the power grid, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the frequency of the power grid is higher than a first preset threshold value, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to increase the rotating speed according to a primary frequency modulation instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter absorbs active power from the power grid;
when the frequency of the power grid is lower than a second preset threshold value, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to a primary frequency modulation instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first sub-control command comprises an active inertia support command;
the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotation speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system or absorbs the active power from the power grid, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the descending amplitude of the power grid frequency is larger than a preset threshold frequency in a preset time, the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to an active inertia supporting instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system.
5. The method of claim 2,
the first sub-control instruction comprises a smooth new energy active power fluctuation instruction;
the motor flywheel controller adjusts the rotation speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system or absorbs the active power from the power grid, and the method comprises the following steps:
the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to increase the rotating speed according to a smooth new energy active power fluctuation instruction, and the flywheel energy storage inverter absorbs active power from the power grid; or the motor flywheel controller controls the flywheel to reduce the rotating speed according to the active power fluctuation command of the smooth new energy, and the flywheel energy storage inverter outputs active power to the power grid.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the topology of the flywheel energy storage system further comprises: a grid-connected controller; the first control instruction further comprises a second sub-control instruction;
after the generating the first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, the method further comprises:
and the grid-connected controller controls the energy conversion system to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb reactive power from the power grid according to the second sub-control instruction.
7. The method of claim 2, further comprising, after said generating a first control instruction based on said parameter adjustment signal:
receiving a superior scheduling instruction, and generating a secondary frequency modulation instruction according to the superior scheduling instruction;
and the motor flywheel controller controls the energy conversion system to output active power to the power grid or absorb the active power from the power grid according to the secondary frequency modulation instruction.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the parameter adjustment signal for the power grid comprises: the method comprises the following steps that a direct current bus voltage reference value and a direct current bus voltage actual measurement value, a reactive power reference value injected into a power grid and a reactive power actual measurement value injected into the power grid, a power grid current d-axis actual measurement value and a power grid current q-axis actual measurement value are obtained;
the grid-connected controller controls the energy conversion system to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb reactive power from the power grid according to the second sub-control instruction, and the method includes:
the grid-connected controller calculates a d-axis power grid current reference value according to the direct-current bus voltage reference value and the actual measured value of the direct-current bus voltagei * dg ；
The grid-connected controller calculates a q-axis grid current reference value according to the reactive power reference value injected into the grid and the actual reactive power measured value injected into the gridi * qg ；
The grid-connected controller is used for controlling the grid current reference value according to the d-axis grid currenti * dg And said q-axis grid current reference valuei * qg And calculating d-axis grid voltage control quantity by using the grid current d-axis actual measurement value and the grid current q-axis actual measurement valueu dg And q-axis grid voltage control quantityu qg ；
The grid-connected controller controls the quantity according to the voltage of the d-axis power gridu dg And said q-axis grid voltage control quantityu qg After dq-abc park inverse transformation, three-phase voltage control signals are obtainedu ag 、u bg Andu cg ；
the grid-connected controller controls signals according to the three-phase voltageu ag 、u bg Andu cg controlling the energyThe direct current bus voltage of the conversion system is stable, and the reactive power of the power grid is controlled.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising, after said generating a first control instruction based on said parameter adjustment signal:
a flywheel bearing sensor detects a position deviation signal of the flywheel;
and the flywheel bearing controller controls the rotor to return to the reference position by controlling the current of the bearing coil of the flywheel according to the position deviation signal of the flywheel.
10. A topology arrangement of a flywheel energy storage system, comprising: the system comprises a parameter acquisition module, a system control module and an energy conversion module;
the parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring a parameter adjusting signal of the power grid;
the system control module is used for generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, and the first control instruction is used for controlling the energy conversion module to output active power or reactive power to a power grid; or, controlling the energy conversion module to absorb active power or reactive power from the power grid;
the parameter adjusting signal of the power grid comprises: three-phase current of motor stator and voltage phase of motorθ m And motor rotor flux linkage vectorψ r Motor stator flux linkage reference valueψ sref Motor speed reference valueω mref With measured values of motor speedω m ；
Generating a first control instruction according to the parameter adjusting signal, wherein the first control instruction is used for controlling the energy conversion module to output active power or reactive power to a power grid; or, controlling the energy conversion module to absorb active power or reactive power from the grid, including:
the motor flywheel controller is used for controlling the motor according to the three-phase current of the motor stator and the voltage phase of the motorθ m And an electric machineRotor flux linkage vectorψ r Calculating the measured value of the stator flux linkage of the motorψ s ；
The motor flywheel controller is used for referencing the flux linkage of the motor statorψ sref Flux linkage measurement with motor statorψ s Performing difference, and generating flux linkage control signal by flux linkage hysteresis comparator and flux linkage adjustmentΦ；
The motor flywheel controller is based on the flux linkage vector of the motor rotorψ r And motor stator flux linkage measurementsψ s Calculating the actual value of the electromagnetic torque of the motorT e ；
The motor flywheel controller is used for controlling the flywheel according to the reference value of the rotating speed of the motorω mref With measured value of motor speedω m The difference is subjected to PI control to obtain an electromagnetic torque reference valueT ref ：
The motor flywheel controller is used for referencing the electromagnetic torqueT ref With actual value of electromagnetic torqueT e Taking the difference as an electromagnetic torque signal, and generating a torque control signal through a torque hysteresis comparator and torque regulation according to the electromagnetic torque signalτ；
The motor flywheel controller controls the signal according to the magnetic linkageΦThe torque control signalτAnd the voltage phase of the motorθ m And determining the switching state through a switching state selection module, and regulating the voltage output by the flywheel energy storage inverter according to the switching state so as to control the motor to adjust the rotating speed of the flywheel.
11. The flywheel energy storage system topology arrangement of claim 10, further comprising:
the motor flywheel controller is used for adjusting the rotating speed of the flywheel according to the first sub-control instruction; wherein the first control instruction comprises a first sub-control instruction;
the energy conversion module comprises a flywheel energy storage inverter and an energy conversion system, and the flywheel energy storage inverter is used for outputting active power to the power grid through the energy conversion system or absorbing the active power from the power grid.
12. The flywheel energy storage system topology arrangement of claim 11, further comprising:
the grid-connected controller is used for controlling the energy conversion system to output reactive power to the power grid or absorb reactive power from the power grid according to a second sub-control instruction; wherein the first control instruction further comprises a second sub-control instruction.
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