CN114744403A - Phased array antenna unit and two-dimensional scanning phased array - Google Patents

Phased array antenna unit and two-dimensional scanning phased array Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114744403A
CN114744403A CN202210220616.4A CN202210220616A CN114744403A CN 114744403 A CN114744403 A CN 114744403A CN 202210220616 A CN202210220616 A CN 202210220616A CN 114744403 A CN114744403 A CN 114744403A
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phased array
array antenna
antenna unit
dimensional scanning
hemt
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CN202210220616.4A
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杨帆
许慎恒
任永丽
李懋坤
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
    • H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a phased array antenna unit and two-dimensional scanning phased array, phased array antenna unit includes: the phase-control array antenna comprises a metal radiation layer, a phase-modulation HEMT based on GaAs, a semi-insulating substrate, a metal reflecting plate and through holes, wherein the phased-array antenna unit is symmetrical in central line; the metal radiation layer is formed by two symmetrical radiation sheets which are connected in a preset shape and are provided with a groove structure, 2 symmetrical impedance matching lines, a direct-current voltage control line used for providing control voltage and a T-shaped direct-current grounding line, when the control voltage is 0V and-5V, the phase modulation HEMT is in a conducting state and a stopping state respectively, the phased array antenna unit is in a first state and a second state respectively, the phase difference of the two states is 180 degrees, and 1-bit phase modulation can be carried out. The terahertz two-dimensional scanning is realized by independently controlling each unit, the problems that the one-dimensional phased array scanning antenna cannot realize accurate angle measurement and lobe splitting is easy to occur, the side lobe is high, the gain is low and the like are solved, large-scale array arrangement can be realized, and the engineering is easy to realize.

Description

Phased array antenna unit and two-dimensional scanning phased array
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antenna engineering, in particular to a phased array antenna unit and a two-dimensional scanning phased array.
Background
The terahertz frequency band is in a transition stage from macroscopic electronics to microscopic photonics, the wavelength of the terahertz frequency band is lower than the electrical wavelength and higher than the optical wavelength, and the terahertz frequency band can effectively relieve increasingly tense spectrum resources and capacity limitation of a wireless system in the field of communication, has unique advantages, and is a frequency band worthy of being explored by people.
With the development of 6G network technology, satellite communication has also developed from a single satellite to a constellation to a network, and in a 6G heaven-earth integrated network, people generally believe that the future network is a terahertz, laser and microwave co-networking. In high-orbit satellite communication, laser communication is used for long-distance communication, and the laser communication capacity is large. In low-earth satellite-ground communication, flexible tracking and beam agility can be performed by using microwave frequency range phased array communication, but the communication rate and the communication capacity of the microwave frequency range are low. In order to realize networking satellite communication with flexible and agile wave beams and large communication capacity, the terahertz phased-array antenna is the most appropriate choice and can be applied to multi-user access, satellite networking, space station accompanying flight and the like.
In the related art, the phase shifter is limited not to a large-scale phased array designed based on a traditional antenna, only a one-dimensional phased array scanning antenna based on an electromagnetic surface is provided, and the one-dimensional phased array antenna cannot realize accurate angle measurement, so that the application of the one-dimensional phased array scanning antenna is limited; secondly, the one-dimensional scanning phased array antenna based on line-by-line control of the electromagnetic surface is easy to generate lobe splitting due to the limitation of the principle, so that the side lobe is high and the gain is reduced.
Therefore, a networked satellite communication with flexible and agile wave beams and large communication capacity needs to be established, terahertz two-dimensional scanning is achieved by independently controlling each phased-array antenna unit, large-scale arrangement can be achieved, and engineering is easy to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a phased array antenna unit and two-dimensional scanning phased array, in order to solve one-dimensional phased array scanning antenna and can't realize accurate angle measurement and easily take place the lobe split, lead to the side lobe height, the gain is low scheduling problem, HEMT (High Electron Mobility Transistor) phase modulation device based on GaAs (Gallium Arsenide) is integrated in antenna unit, realize terahertz two-dimensional scanning and wide bandwidth through every unit of independent control, moreover, the steam generator is simple in structure, can realize large-scale arrangement, standard tape-flow technology makes it easily engineer.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a phased array antenna unit, including:
the phase modulation HEMT comprises a metal radiation layer, a GaAs-based phase modulation HEMT, a semi-insulating substrate, a metal reflecting plate and a through hole, wherein the metal radiation layer, the phase modulation HEMT, the semi-insulating substrate, the metal reflecting plate and the through hole are symmetrical along a central line; the metal radiation layer consists of two symmetrical radiation sheets which are connected in a preset shape and are provided with groove structures, a direct-current voltage control line, 2 symmetrical impedance matching lines and a T-shaped direct-current grounding line;
the direct-current voltage control line and the T-shaped direct-current grounding line are used for providing control voltage for the GaAs-based phase modulation HEMT, when the control voltage is 0V, the phase modulation HEMT is conducted, and the phased array antenna unit is in a first state; when the control voltage is-5V, the phase modulation HEMT is turned off, and the phased array antenna unit is in a second state.
According to one embodiment of the application, the GaAs-based phase-modulated HEMT comprises: intrinsic GaAs, intrinsic AlGaAs (aluminum gallium arsenide), doped AlGaAs providing carriers, 2 ohmic contact patches and 1 control gate patch.
According to one embodiment of the application, the symmetrical radiating patches are rectangular or semi-circular.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the semi-insulating substrate is 100 um.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the semi-insulating substrate is a GaAs substrate.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the metal reflective plate is Au.
According to one embodiment of the application, the vias are tapered vias, such that the control lines of each independently controlled phased array antenna element implement a multi-layer routing.
An embodiment of the second aspect of the application provides a two-dimensional scanning phased array, using a phased array antenna unit as claimed in the preceding claim, comprising:
2Nthe phase array antenna comprises units, gold wire bonding wires, a direct current ground wire connected with the HEMT of each phase array antenna unit, a wiring layer controlled by the phase array antenna units independently and an interface connected with a wave control circuit;
wherein each sub-array is composed of 16 × 16 phased array antenna units, N is a positive integer, and the two-dimensional scanning phased array is used for azimuth and/or elevation two-dimensional scanning.
According to one embodiment of the present application, the dc ground lines of each row of adjacent subarrays are connected together and gold wire bond sites are provided.
According to one embodiment of the application, the gold wire bonding wire comprises a gold wire bonding wire between adjacent sub-arrays and a gold wire bonding wire between a sub-array and the wiring layer for grounding.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the routing layers individually controlled by the phased array antenna units are connected to the phased array antenna units through a preset number of circular ball grid pads for independently controlling the phased array antenna units.
According to one embodiment of the application, the wiring layers controlled by the phased array antenna units are multilayer FR-4 board materials.
According to an embodiment of the application the first state and the second state of the phased array antenna unit are 180 ° out of phase.
Therefore, the problems that the one-dimensional phased array scanning antenna cannot realize accurate angle measurement and lobe splitting is easy to occur, and the side lobe is high and the gain is low are solved. The phased array antenna can realize large-scale array arrangement, and is easy to engineer due to the standard flow sheet process.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phase modulated HEMT according to one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the amplitude characteristics of a phase modulated HEMT when the HEMT is turned on and off according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of cell phase characteristics when a phase modulated HEMT is turned on and off according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a two-dimensional scanning phased array according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a subarray of a two-dimensional scanning phased array provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a circular ball grid pad of a sub-array provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of scan directions provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic orientation diagram of the E-plane and H-plane of a provided subarray according to one embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
A phased array antenna unit of an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to the drawings. Aiming at the problems that a one-dimensional phased array scanning antenna mentioned in the center of the background technology cannot realize accurate angle measurement and lobe splitting easily occurs, so that side lobes are high and gains are low, the application provides a phased array antenna unit which comprises a metal radiation layer, a phase modulation HEMT based on GaAs, a semi-insulating substrate, a metal reflecting plate and a through hole which are symmetrical to each other along a central line, wherein the metal radiation layer consists of two symmetrical radiation sheets which are connected in a preset shape and are provided with a groove structure, 2 symmetrical impedance matching lines, a direct current voltage control line for providing control voltage and a T-shaped direct current ground wire, when the control voltage is 0V, the phase modulation HEMT is conducted, and the phased array antenna unit is in a first state; when the control voltage is-5V, the phase modulation HEMT is cut off, the phased array antenna unit is in a second state, the phase difference between the two states is 180 degrees, and 1bit phase modulation can be carried out. The terahertz two-dimensional scanning is realized by independently controlling each unit, the problems that the one-dimensional phased array scanning antenna cannot realize accurate angle measurement in application and lobe splitting is easy to occur, side lobe height, gain reduction and the like are solved, the GaAs-based HEMT is integrated in the antenna unit, terahertz two-dimensional scanning is realized by independently controlling each unit, wide bandwidth and simple structure are achieved, large-scale array arrangement can be realized, and the standard tape process enables the terahertz two-dimensional scanning to be easy to engineer.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the phased array antenna unit 10 includes: a metal radiation layer 100, a GaAs based phase-modulated HEMT200, a semi-insulating substrate 300, a metal reflective plate 400, and a via 500.
The metal radiation layer 100, the GaAs-based phase modulation HEMT200, the semi-insulating substrate 300, the metal reflecting plate 400 and the through hole 500 are symmetrical in the center line; the metal radiation layer 100 is composed of two symmetrical radiation sheets 101 which are connected in a preset shape and are provided with a groove structure, a direct current voltage control line 102, 2 symmetrical impedance matching lines 103 and a T-shaped direct current grounding line 104; the direct-current voltage control line 102 and the T-shaped direct-current grounding line 104 are used for providing control voltage, when the control voltage is 0V, the GaAs-based phase modulation HEMT200 is conducted, and the phased array antenna unit is in a first state; when the control voltage is-5V, the phase modulation HEMT is cut off, and the phased array antenna unit is in a second state.
Further, in some embodiments, a GaAs based phase modulated HEMT200, comprising: intrinsic GaAs, intrinsic AlGaAs, carrier-providing doped AlGaAs, 2 ohmic contact patches and 1 control gate patch.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the metal radiation layer 100 includes 2 symmetrical radiation plates 101 connected together in the shape of "E" and having a slot, and resonant radiation electromagnetic waves, a dc voltage control line 102, 2 symmetrical impedance matching lines 103, and a T-shaped dc ground line 104 are formed at corresponding frequencies. The overall shape of the symmetric radiating patch 101 is not limited to a rectangular shape, and may be a semicircular shape. The enlarged view of the phase modulation HEMT200 based on GaAs can be that the semi-insulating substrate 300 shown in fig. 2 is a GaAs substrate with a thickness of 100um, and GaAs is used as a substrate for growing materials such as GaAs/AlGaAs/GaN/AlGaN, which is convenient for manufacturing HEMT, is not fragile like sapphire, and can be processed with high-density through holes; the metal reflecting plate 400 is Au; the through hole 500 is a tapered through hole, the diameter of the top layer is 40um, the diameter of the bottom layer is 70um, and the tapered through hole is mainly used for enabling the control line of each independently controlled unit to be wired in a multi-layer mode; the dc voltage control line 102 and the T-shaped dc ground line 104 are used primarily to provide control voltages for the HEMT 200.
Further, in the present embodiment, when the control voltage provided by the dc voltage control line 102 and the T-shaped dc ground line 104 is 0V, the GaAs-based phase-modulated HEMT200 is turned on, and accordingly exhibits a "state 1" (i.e., a first state); when the control voltage provided by the dc voltage control line 102 and the T-shaped dc ground line 104 is-5V, the GaAs based phase modulated HEMT200 turns off, showing a "state 0" (i.e., the second state) correspondingly.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the HEMT is turned on and off, and the cell amplitude characteristic and the cell phase characteristic are shown. As can be seen from the figure, the phase difference of the two state units passes through 180 degrees, the accurate phase modulation of 1bit can be realized, and the phase bandwidth is 18GHz @180 +/-30 degrees.
According to the phased-array antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the application, the phase modulation HEMT based on GaAs can provide control voltage through the direct-current voltage control line and the T-shaped direct-current grounding line, when the control voltage is 0V, the phase modulation HEMT is conducted, and the phased-array antenna unit is in a first state; when the control voltage is-5V, the phase modulation HEMT is turned off, and the phased array antenna unit is in a second state. Therefore, the GaAs-based HEMT phase modulation is adopted, the structure is simple, large-scale arrangement can be realized by high-density punching, and engineering is easy.
Next, a two-dimensional scanning phased array proposed according to an embodiment of the present application is described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensional scanning phased array according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 5, the two-dimensional scanning phased array 20 may employ the phased array antenna unit shown in the embodiment of fig. 1, and the two-dimensional scanning phased array 20 includes: 2NIndividual elements (e.g., element 601), gold wire bonding wires 700, a dc ground 800 connecting the HEMTs of each phased array antenna element, a wiring layer 900 for individual control of the phased array antenna elements, and an interface 1000 for connection to a wave control circuit.
Specifically, a specific embodiment of the unit may be as shown in fig. 6, where each unit is composed of 16 × 16 phased array antenna units 10, the dc ground lines 800 of each row are connected to each other on both sides of the unit, that is, the T-shaped dc ground line 104 of each row is connected to the dc ground line 800 of each row, the T-shaped dc ground line in the solid circular frame shown in fig. 6 is connected to the dc ground line 800 in the dashed square frame, and a gold wire bonding point is disposed at any position of the connection, as shown in the dashed oval frame in fig. 6. The elements employed by the two-dimensional scanning phased array 20 may be a multiple of 2, e.g., 2NN is a positive integer; the gold wire bonding wire 700 includes a gold wire bonding wire 701 between adjacent cells to expand more cells, and a gold wire bonding wire 702 between a cell and a wiring layer for grounding; the wiring layers 900 individually controlled by the phased array antenna unit 10 are connected with the phased array antenna unit 10 through a preset number (for example, 16 × 16) of circular ball grid pads for individually controlling the phased array antenna unit 10, and the circular ball grid pads of the sub-array are shown in fig. 7, wherein the wiring layers 900 individually controlled by the phased array antenna unit 10 may be a plurality of layers of FR-4 plates; the interface 1000 for connecting the wave control circuit consists of 16 × 16 pins, each pin is supplied with 0V or-5V voltage to independently control the phase of each unit. Two-dimensional scanning phased array 20Can be used for azimuth and/or elevation two-dimensional scanning, as shown in fig. 8, can realize two-dimensional scanning of +/-60 degrees, and the positioning precision can reach 1 degree (azimuth) multiplied by 1 degree (elevation).
Further, based on the two-dimensional scanning phased array 20, the schematic direction diagram of the E plane and the H plane of the unit cell of the embodiment of the present application can be as shown in fig. 9, wherein the E plane refers to a direction plane parallel to the direction of the electric field; the H-plane refers to a direction plane parallel to the direction of the magnetic field.
According to the two-dimensional scanning phased array provided by the embodiment of the application, the problems that the one-dimensional phased array scanning antenna cannot realize accurate angle measurement in application and lobe splitting is easy to occur, so that side lobe height, gain reduction and the like are solved through the phased array antenna unit, the HEMT based on GaAs is integrated in the antenna unit, terahertz two-dimensional scanning is realized by independently controlling each unit, the wide bandwidth is wide, the structure is simple, large-scale array arrangement can be realized, and engineering is easy to realize.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "N" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more N executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of implementing the embodiments of the present application.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, such as an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or N wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware that is related to instructions of a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a separate product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A phased array antenna unit, comprising: the phase modulation HEMT comprises a metal radiation layer, a GaAs-based phase modulation HEMT, a semi-insulating substrate, a metal reflecting plate and a through hole, wherein the metal radiation layer, the phase modulation HEMT, the semi-insulating substrate, the metal reflecting plate and the through hole are in central line symmetry; the metal radiation layer consists of two symmetrical radiation sheets which are connected in a preset shape and are provided with groove structures, a direct-current voltage control line, 2 symmetrical impedance matching lines and a T-shaped direct-current grounding line;
the direct-current voltage control line and the T-shaped direct-current grounding line are used for providing control voltage for the GaAs-based phase modulation HEMT, when the control voltage is 0V, the phase modulation HEMT is conducted, and the phased array antenna unit is in a first state; when the control voltage is-5V, the phase modulation HEMT is turned off, and the phased array antenna unit is in a second state.
2. The phased array antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the GaAs based phase modulated HEMT, comprising: intrinsic GaAs, intrinsic AlGaAs, doped AlGaAs providing carriers, 2 ohmic contact patches and 1 control gate patch.
3. The phased array antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the symmetric radiating patches are rectangular or semi-circular; the thickness of the semi-insulating substrate is 100 um; the semi-insulating substrate is a GaAs substrate; the metal reflecting plate is Au; the through holes are tapered through holes, so that the control lines of each independently controlled phased array antenna unit realize multilayer wiring.
4. A two-dimensional scanning phased array employing the phased array antenna unit of any of claims 1-3, the two-dimensional scanning phased array comprising:
2Nthe phase array antenna comprises units, gold wire bonding wires, a direct current ground wire connected with the HEMT of each phase array antenna unit, a wiring layer controlled by the phase array antenna units independently and an interface connected with a wave control circuit;
each sub-array is composed of 16 x 16 phased array antenna units, N is a positive integer, and the two-dimensional scanning phased array is used for azimuth and/or elevation two-dimensional scanning.
5. A two dimensional scanning phased array as claimed in claim 4, wherein the DC ground lines of each row of adjacent subarrays are connected and gold wire bond sites are provided.
6. A two-dimensional scanning phased array as claimed in claim 4, wherein said gold wire bonds comprise gold wire bonds between adjacent sub-arrays, and gold wire bonds between a sub-array and said wiring layer for grounding.
7. A two-dimensional scanning phased array as claimed in claim 4, wherein said individually controlled routing layers of said phased array antenna units are connected to said phased array antenna units by a predetermined number of circular ball grid solder joints for independently controlling said phased array antenna units.
8. A two-dimensional scanning phased array as claimed in claim 4, wherein said individually controlled wiring layers of the phased array antenna units are multi-layer FR-4 sheet material.
9. A two-dimensional scanning phased array as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first and second states of the phased array antenna unit are 180 ° out of phase.
CN202210220616.4A 2022-03-08 2022-03-08 Phased array antenna unit and two-dimensional scanning phased array Pending CN114744403A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN117254262A (en) * 2023-11-17 2023-12-19 南京数捷电子科技有限公司 Coding regulation and control structure of three-dimensional direction far-field wave beam of terahertz wave

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117254262A (en) * 2023-11-17 2023-12-19 南京数捷电子科技有限公司 Coding regulation and control structure of three-dimensional direction far-field wave beam of terahertz wave

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