CN114743525A - Music structure stretching method and device, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Music structure stretching method and device, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114743525A CN114743525A CN202210382953.3A CN202210382953A CN114743525A CN 114743525 A CN114743525 A CN 114743525A CN 202210382953 A CN202210382953 A CN 202210382953A CN 114743525 A CN114743525 A CN 114743525A
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- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
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Abstract
The invention discloses a music structure stretching method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps of obtaining frequency spectrum characteristics in original music; emphasizing a timbre characteristic of each temporal frame in the spectral features; calculating the tone similarity between each time frame in the spectral characteristics; screening time frames corresponding to the tone similarity greater than a preset similar threshold value, and selecting the connected time frames from the screened time frames as fragments to be expanded; and comparing the original audio time length of the original music with the target audio time length, performing stretching processing on the to-be-stretched segments, and enabling the original audio time length to be consistent with the target audio time length. The invention can effectively detect the most suitable music fragment for recombination in music and has the advantage of shortening the music time to the set time.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of audio processing technologies, and in particular, to a music structure scaling method and apparatus, a computer device, and a storage medium.
Background
In editing a video, the length of music usually needs to be readjusted so that the music can match the length of a target video, and it is a common practice that an editor extends or cuts off unimportant sections according to the existing structure of the music to adjust the original music to the required music length, and the structure of the music is higher for the professional threshold of a general editor, and usually requires professional background knowledge, and also needs a lot of time to make the music quality after the structure is extended and contracted no different from the original music quality.
The automatic music structure scaling algorithm on the market at present can be mainly divided into two types: based on two routes of a template algorithm and a music content algorithm, but after the algorithms are stretched, adjacent time points have obvious jumping feeling, so that the overall music quality is reduced, particularly, the jumping feeling is more obvious when singing is generated in the adjacent time points, mainly because the algorithms only consider the reprint/drum point of music generally, but lack of consideration of the tone color characteristics in the music content to reduce the jumping feeling of the music.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a music structure stretching method, a music structure stretching device, computer equipment and a storage medium, and aims to solve the problem of music quality reduction caused by stretching music by using the conventional music structure stretching algorithm.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to realize the following technical scheme: provided is a music structure scaling method, comprising the following steps:
acquiring frequency spectrum characteristics in original music;
enhancing the timbre characteristics of each time frame in the spectral feature;
calculating the tone similarity between each time frame in the spectral characteristics;
screening out time frame pairs corresponding to the tone similarity larger than a preset similar threshold value, and taking segments between the time frame pairs as segments to be stretched;
and comparing the original audio time length of the original music with the target audio time length, performing stretching processing on the to-be-stretched segments, and enabling the original audio time length to be consistent with the target audio time length.
In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a music structure extension device, which includes:
the characteristic acquisition unit is used for acquiring the frequency spectrum characteristics in the original music;
a feature enhancing unit for enhancing the timbre characteristics of each time frame in the spectral features;
the similarity calculation unit is used for calculating the timbre similarity between the time frames in the spectral characteristics;
the segment screening unit is used for screening out time frame pairs corresponding to the tone similarity larger than a preset similar threshold value, and taking segments between the time frame pairs as segments to be stretched;
and the telescopic processing unit is used for comparing the original audio time length and the target audio time length of the original music, carrying out telescopic processing on the to-be-telescopic fragments and enabling the original audio time length to be consistent with the target audio time length.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the music structure scaling method according to the first aspect when executing the computer program.
In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is caused to execute the music structure stretching method according to the first aspect.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a music structure stretching method, a music structure stretching device, computer equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining frequency spectrum characteristics in original music; enhancing the timbre characteristics of each time frame in the spectral feature; calculating the tone similarity between each time frame in the spectral characteristics; screening out time frames corresponding to the tone similarity larger than a preset similar threshold value, and selecting the connected time frames from the screened time frames as fragments to be stretched; and comparing the original audio time length of the original music with the target audio time length, performing stretching processing on the to-be-stretched segments, and enabling the original audio time length to be consistent with the target audio time length. The embodiment of the invention can effectively detect the most suitable music fragment for recombination in the music and has the advantage of shortening the music time to the set time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a music structure scaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic sub-flow diagram of a music structure scaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic sub-flow chart of a music structure scaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic sub-flow chart of a music structure scaling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a music structure extension device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a music structure stretching method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
as shown in fig. 1, the method includes steps S101 to S105.
S101, obtaining frequency spectrum characteristics in original music;
in this step, the spectral features are used to represent the timbre in the original music, and the timbre characteristics are easily seen.
S102, enhancing the tone characteristic of each time frame in the spectrum characteristics;
in this step, the discrimination is made easier by enhancing the tone characteristics for the purpose of discrimination.
S103, calculating the tone similarity between each time frame in the frequency spectrum characteristics;
s104, screening out time frame pairs corresponding to the tone similarity larger than a preset similar threshold value, and taking segments between the time frame pairs as segments to be stretched;
in steps S103-S104, each time frame pair is two time frames with very high timbre similarity, and the segment between the two time frames is more suitable for music structure scaling, and preferably, the preset similarity threshold may be 0.95.
S105, comparing the original audio time length and the target audio time length of the original music, performing stretching processing on the to-be-stretched segments, and enabling the original audio time length to be consistent with the target audio time length;
in the step, according to the target audio time length, the time length is adjusted in a mode of repeatedly overlapping or deleting the segment to be stretched, so that the original audio time length is consistent with the target audio time length.
In this embodiment, according to the process of steps S10-S105, the most suitable music piece for recombination in music can be effectively detected, which has the advantage of scaling the music duration to the set duration, and based on the sound processing method of the present invention, the lyric conversion detection can be realized, so as to effectively improve the usability of transition and rendering time point recommendation of the music-driven click video algorithm in the audio/video editing software.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, step S101 includes:
s201, converting time domain characteristics of original music into frequency domain characteristics by using short-time Fourier transform;
s202, converting the frequency domain characteristics into frequency spectrum characteristics by using a decibel conversion method;
in this embodiment, the characteristics of the timbre are difficult to see from the time domain characteristics of the original music, but some similar characteristics of the timbre in the segments at the beginning and the end can be found after the time domain characteristics are converted into the frequency spectrum characteristics;
therefore, the frequency domain feature S can be calculated and obtained according to the following formula:
where k denotes the frequency domain position of the frequency domain feature, n0Length position, x [ n ], representing a frequency domain feature]Indicating the value of the signal at the nth length, NFTRepresenting a set frequency value, w [ n ]]0.54-0.46 × cos (N/N),
representing a discrete fourier transform;
then passing through the shellfish conversion formula dB which is 10 log10(S)) performing characteristic conversion to obtain the spectrum characteristic.
In one embodiment, step S102 includes:
each time frame is concatenated with a predetermined number of other time frames in front of it.
The purpose of this embodiment is to enhance the timbre characteristic of each time frame in the spectral feature, because the time length represented by each time frame in the spectral feature is usually only tens of milliseconds, and the timbre characteristic of music cannot be well distinguished based on the spectral feature of the frame, mainly because the time length is too short, the spectral feature of the first N (i.e., the preset number) other time frames of the time frame is concatenated in the spectral feature of each time frame, so that the timbre characteristic can be more easily identified, and preferably, the preset number is 11.
It should be noted that, taking the preset number as 11 as an example, the first 11 frames in all the time frames cannot satisfy the condition of concatenating the first 11 other time frames, so that it may be set that each frame in the first 11 frames is only concatenated with the spectral features of all other time frames before itself, that is, the spectral feature of the 11 th frame is concatenated with the spectral feature of the first 10 frames, the spectral feature of the 10 th frame is concatenated with the spectral feature of the first 9 frames, and so on, the 1 st frame does not need to be concatenated.
In one embodiment, step S103 includes:
and calculating the timbre similarity among time frames in the spectral characteristics by adopting cosine similarity, and obtaining a self-similarity matrix according to each timbre similarity.
In this embodiment, a specific scenario is described, assuming that a time axis of a spectrum feature is T, a T × T self-similarity matrix may be obtained by calculating timbre similarities between time frames, each element in the self-similarity matrix represents a similarity between a jth time frame and a kth time frame, where j and k are [ 1, T ], that is, the timbre similarity between any two time frames can be obtained, and two time frames with the timbre similarity larger than the preset similarity threshold are screened out, for example, the timbre similarity between the jth time frame and the kth time frame is larger than the preset similarity threshold, it can be considered that the time frame j has a very high timbre similarity with the time frame k in music, and this segment between the time frame j and the time frame k in music is very suitable for music structure scaling, i.e. this segment between the time frame j and the time frame k can be regarded as the segment to be scaled.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, step S105 includes:
s301, if the original audio time length is greater than the target audio time length, removing all the segments to be stretched in sequence until the original audio time length is closest to and not less than the target audio time length, and calculating time length difference;
s302, pruning the end of the original audio time length according to the time length difference so as to enable the original audio time length to be equal to the target audio time length.
In this embodiment, when the original audio duration is greater than the target audio duration, segments to be stretched in the original audio duration need to be removed, a specific scenario is taken as an example, assuming that the original audio duration includes 7 segments, where segments 3 to 5 are segments to be stretched, the segments are sequentially removed in the order of 3 to 5, assuming that the original audio duration after segment 4 is removed is closest to and not less than the target audio duration, the removal operation is completed and the audio duration at this time is a combination of segments 1.2.5.6.7, a duration difference between the current time and the target audio duration is calculated, and then the end of segment 7 is trimmed according to the duration difference, so that the original audio duration is equal to the target audio duration.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, step S105 further includes:
s401, if the original audio time length is smaller than the target audio time length, repeatedly inserting the segment to be stretched into the segment to be stretched at the end of the segment until the original audio time length is closest to and larger than the target audio time length, and calculating time length difference;
s402, pruning the end of the original audio time length according to the time length difference so as to enable the original audio time length to be equal to the target audio time length.
In this embodiment, when the original audio duration is less than the target audio duration, the segment to be stretched in the original audio duration needs to be repeatedly inserted, a specific scenario is taken as an example, assuming that the original audio duration includes 7 segments, where segments 3 to 5 are segments to be stretched, the repeated insertion may be performed by repeatedly inserting the segments at the end of the segments to be stretched in sequence, and rotating to the next generation of stretch segments after the current segment to be stretched is inserted for a preset number of times, for example, 2 times may be repeatedly inserted from segment 3, then 2 times may be repeatedly inserted from segment 4, and so on, repeating the insertion is performed, assuming that 1 time of repeated insertion of segment 4 satisfies that the original audio duration is closest to and greater than the target audio duration, the repeated insertion operation is completed and the audio duration at this time is the combination of segments 1.2.3.3.3.4.4.5.6.7, and the duration difference between this time and the target audio duration is calculated, and then, pruning the end of the segment 7 according to the time length difference so as to enable the original audio time length to be equal to the target audio time length.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a music structure telescopic device which is used for executing any embodiment of the music structure telescopic method. Specifically, please refer to fig. 5, wherein fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a music structure expansion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, the music structure extension and contraction device 500 includes: a feature acquisition unit 501, a feature enhancement unit 502, a similarity calculation unit 503, a segment screening unit 504, and a scaling processing unit 505.
A characteristic obtaining unit 501, configured to obtain a frequency spectrum characteristic in original music;
a feature enhancing unit 502 for enhancing the timbre characteristics of each time frame in the spectral feature;
a similarity calculating unit 503, configured to calculate a timbre similarity between the time frames in the spectral feature;
a segment screening unit 504, configured to screen out a time frame pair corresponding to the timbre similarity greater than a preset similarity threshold, and take a segment between the time frame pairs as a segment to be stretched;
and the scaling processing unit 505 is configured to compare the original audio duration and the target audio duration of the original music, scale the to-be-scaled segment, and make the original audio duration and the target audio duration consistent.
The device can effectively detect the most suitable music fragment for recombination in the music, has the advantage of shortening the music time to the set time, can realize lyric conversion detection based on the sound processing method, and can effectively improve the usability of transition and rendering time point recommendation of a music driving stuck point video algorithm in an audio/video editing software.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
The music structure scaling device described above may be implemented in the form of a computer program that may be run on a computer device as shown in fig. 6.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The computer device 600 is a server, and the server may be an independent server or a server cluster composed of a plurality of servers.
Referring to fig. 6, the computer device 600 includes a processor 602, memory, and a network interface 605 connected by a system bus 601, where the memory may include a non-volatile storage medium 603 and an internal memory 604.
The non-volatile storage medium 603 may store an operating system 6031 and computer programs 6032. The computer program 6032, when executed, may cause the processor 602 to perform a music structure scaling method.
The processor 602 is used to provide computing and control capabilities, supporting the operation of the overall computer device 600.
The internal memory 604 provides an environment for the execution of a computer program 6032 in the non-volatile storage medium 603, which computer program 6032, when executed by the processor 602, causes the processor 602 to perform a music structure scaling method.
The network interface 605 is used for network communication, such as providing transmission of data information. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration shown in fig. 6 is a block diagram of only a portion of the configuration associated with aspects of the present invention and is not intended to limit the computing device 600 to which aspects of the present invention may be applied, and that a particular computing device 600 may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiment of a computer device illustrated in fig. 6 is not intended to be limiting of the specific construction of the computer device, and in other embodiments, the computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some of the components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components. For example, in some embodiments, the computer device may only include a memory and a processor, and in such embodiments, the structures and functions of the memory and the processor are consistent with those of the embodiment shown in fig. 6, and are not described herein again.
It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the Processor 602 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the Processor 602 may also be other general-purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. Wherein a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
In another embodiment of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program realizes the music structure scaling method of the embodiment of the present invention when executed by a processor.
The storage medium is an entity and non-transitory storage medium, and may be various entity storage media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described apparatuses, devices and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A music structure scaling method, comprising:
acquiring frequency spectrum characteristics in original music;
enhancing the timbre characteristics of each time frame in the spectral feature;
calculating the tone similarity between each time frame in the spectral characteristics;
screening out time frame pairs corresponding to the tone similarity larger than a preset similar threshold value, and taking segments between the time frame pairs as segments to be stretched;
and comparing the original audio time length of the original music with the target audio time length, performing stretching processing on the to-be-stretched segments, and enabling the original audio time length to be consistent with the target audio time length.
2. The music structure stretching method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the spectral features in the original music comprises:
converting the time domain characteristics of the original music into frequency domain characteristics by using short time Fourier transform;
and converting the frequency domain characteristics into frequency spectrum characteristics by using a decibel conversion method.
3. The music structure stretching method of claim 1, wherein said converting the time domain feature of the original music into the frequency domain feature by using short time fourier transform comprises:
calculating and obtaining a frequency domain characteristic S according to the following formula:
where k denotes the frequency domain position of the frequency domain feature, n0Length position, x [ n ], representing a frequency domain feature]Indicating the value of the signal at the nth length, NFTRepresenting a set frequency value, w [ n ]]0.54-0.46 × cos (N/N),
representing a discrete fourier transform.
4. The music structure warping method of claim 1, wherein said enhancing the timbre characteristics of each time frame in said spectral feature comprises:
and connecting other time frames with the preset number in front in series in each time frame.
5. The music structure warping method of claim 1, wherein said calculating timbre similarities between time frames in said spectral feature comprises:
and calculating the tone similarity between each time frame in the frequency spectrum characteristic by adopting cosine similarity, and obtaining a self-similarity matrix according to each tone similarity.
6. The music structure stretching method of claim 1, wherein the comparing the original audio duration and the target audio duration of the original music, stretching the segment to be stretched and making the original audio duration and the target audio duration consistent comprises:
if the original audio time length is greater than the target audio time length, removing all the segments to be stretched in sequence until the original audio time length is closest to and not less than the target audio time length, and calculating time length difference;
and pruning the end of the original audio time length according to the time length difference so as to enable the original audio time length to be equal to the target audio time length.
7. The music structure stretching method of claim 1, wherein the comparing of the original audio duration and the target audio duration of the original music, the stretching of the segment to be stretched and the making of the original audio duration and the target audio duration are consistent, further comprises:
if the original audio time length is less than the target audio time length, the segment to be stretched is repeatedly inserted at the end of the segment to be stretched until the original audio time length is closest to and greater than the target audio time length, and time length difference is calculated;
and pruning the end of the original audio time length according to the time length difference so as to enable the original audio time length to be equal to the target audio time length.
8. A music structure telescoping device, comprising:
the characteristic acquisition unit is used for acquiring the frequency spectrum characteristics in the original music;
a feature enhancing unit for enhancing the timbre characteristics of each time frame in the spectral features;
the similarity calculation unit is used for calculating the timbre similarity between the time frames in the spectral characteristics;
the segment screening unit is used for screening out time frame pairs corresponding to the tone similarity larger than a preset similar threshold value, and taking segments between the time frame pairs as segments to be stretched;
and the telescopic processing unit is used for comparing the original audio time length and the target audio time length of the original music, carrying out telescopic processing on the to-be-telescopic fragments and enabling the original audio time length to be consistent with the target audio time length.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the music structure scaling method according to any of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to execute the music structure scaling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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