CN114740473A - Circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method and system, equipment, medium and terminal - Google Patents
Circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method and system, equipment, medium and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN114740473A CN114740473A CN202210318294.7A CN202210318294A CN114740473A CN 114740473 A CN114740473 A CN 114740473A CN 202210318294 A CN202210318294 A CN 202210318294A CN 114740473 A CN114740473 A CN 114740473A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
- G01S13/9052—Spotlight mode
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
- G01S13/9088—Circular SAR [CSAR, C-SAR]
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar signal processing, and discloses a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method, a system, equipment, a medium and a terminal, wherein aperture segmentation is carried out on complete CSAR data, and a fast algorithm is adopted to image sub-aperture data respectively by combining the data to obtain sub-images; taking local images positioned on different elevation planes in the sub-aperture image as reference for registration to obtain a group of CSAR images with different depths of field; and performing multi-focus fusion on the obtained images with different depths of field to obtain a full-focus image. The invention uses the principle of optical image multi-focus fusion imaging, is suitable for CSAR imaging of topographic relief areas, reduces defocusing of local areas caused by elevation errors in CSAR two-dimensional imaging, is convenient to use, only carries out imaging processing once, obtains a plurality of CSAR images with different focusing depths, reduces algorithm calculation amount, solves the problem of image focusing under the condition of no external elevation auxiliary data, and obtains high-quality CSAR two-dimensional imaging results.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar signal processing, and particularly relates to a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method, a system, equipment, a medium and a terminal.
Background
At present, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging is an important high-resolution earth observation technical means, and has the characteristic of all-weather operation all day long, so rapid development and wide attention are paid in recent years. In order to meet the ever-increasing military and civilian needs, SAR technology has evolved in multiple directions. The Circular SAR (CSAR) technique is a main representative of radar synthetic aperture manifold evolution. The aperture manifold refers to a track form formed by a radar transmitting and receiving channel in the imaging motion process. Compared with a linear aperture manifold represented by a traditional linear track SAR, the CSAR imaging forms a 360-degree circumferential aperture manifold around an observation scene, and can acquire the omnibearing scattering characteristics of an observation target. In addition, an increase in observation angle (azimuth accumulation angle) broadens the target azimuth spectrum, so that CSAR can theoretically acquire an image resolution far better than LSAR.
Topographic relief has a non-negligible effect on SAR imaging, in particular high-frequency high-precision CSAR imaging. At present, the influence caused by topographic relief is mainly reduced by Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data of an observation area acquired by other means at home and abroad. In addition, according to the published onboard CSAR imaging test and the actually measured data processing results at home and abroad, most of the selected test observation scenes are flat areas with small topographic relief changes, and the influence of topographic relief on CSAR imaging is reduced to a certain extent. But makes the algorithms studied on the basis of these data have limitations in the observation areas where the relief is severe. Therefore, in order to expand the practical scope of CSAR, an effective method must be studied to solve the CSAR imaging problem of the relief area.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: in the prior art, an algorithm researched based on digital terrain elevation data of an observation area has limitation in the observation area with severe terrain relief.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: under the condition of no assistance of digital elevation data, the existing CSAR imaging technology mainly adopts a method of estimating terrain elevation of an observation scene, so that the influence of terrain relief errors is reduced. However, not only does the elevation estimation based on the CSAR system bring a large amount of extra calculation, but also the estimation accuracy is limited, and the fluctuation reducing effect is limited.
The problem of CSAR imaging in the high terrain undulating region can be solved, and the practical range of CSAR is expanded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method, a system, equipment, a medium and a terminal aiming at the problems in the prior art, and particularly relates to a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method, a system, equipment, a medium and a terminal based on multilayer focusing.
The invention is realized in such a way that a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method comprises the following steps:
carrying out aperture segmentation on the complete CSAR data, and respectively imaging the sub-aperture data by adopting a fast algorithm in combination with the data to obtain sub-images; taking local images positioned on different elevation planes in the sub-aperture image as reference for registration to obtain a group of CSAR images with different depths of field; and finally, performing multi-focus fusion on the obtained images with different depths of field to obtain a full-focus image.
Further, the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method comprises the following steps:
dividing sub-aperture data according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and image resolution;
secondly, performing subaperture imaging on the subaperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm;
directly accumulating the sub-aperture images to obtain an original CSAR image, and selecting a focus area;
step four, registering according to the selected focus area to obtain a multi-focus depth CSAR image;
and step five, performing fusion processing on the multiple CSAR images to obtain a final imaging result.
Further, in the first step, according to the CSAR system parameters, the imaging geometry and the required image resolution, the complete circumferential aperture data is equally divided into N sub-aperture data according to the observation azimuth.
Further, in the second step, a high-resolution fast imaging algorithm is adopted to perform imaging processing on the sub-aperture data, and corresponding N sub-images are obtained.
Further, in the third step, the sub-images are directly accumulated to obtain a CSAR imaging result with the reference plane as the depth of field, and M unfocused local areas in the images are selected as the focal points.
Further, in the fourth step, the selected local area "focus" is used as an image matching reference, and the registration fusion processing of the sub-images is performed to obtain M CSAR imaging results with different "focus depths".
And in the fifth step, the CSAR images with different focusing depths are subjected to fusion processing, and a full-focusing imaging result is obtained.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging system applying the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method, the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging system comprising:
the circumferential aperture data dividing module is used for equally dividing complete circumferential aperture data into N sub-aperture data according to the CSAR system parameters, the imaging geometry and the required image resolution;
the aperture data imaging processing module is used for imaging processing on the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm to obtain corresponding N sub-images;
the sub-image accumulation module is used for directly accumulating the sub-images, acquiring a CSAR imaging result taking the reference plane as the depth of field, and selecting M unfocused local areas in the images as focuses;
the registration fusion processing module is used for performing registration fusion processing on the sub-images by taking the selected local area focus as an image matching reference to obtain CSAR imaging results of M different focus depths;
and the full-focus imaging result acquisition module is used for carrying out fusion processing on the CSAR images with different focusing depths to acquire a full-focus imaging result.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and required image resolution, dividing complete circumferential aperture data into N sub-aperture data equally according to an observation azimuth angle; performing imaging processing on the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm to obtain corresponding N sub-images; directly accumulating the sub-images to obtain a CSAR imaging result taking the reference plane as the depth of field, and selecting M unfocused local areas in the images as focuses;
taking the selected local area focus as an image matching reference, performing registration fusion processing on the sub-images, and acquiring CSAR imaging results of M different focus depths; and carrying out fusion processing on the CSAR images with different focusing depths to obtain a full-focusing imaging result.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and required image resolution, dividing complete circumferential aperture data into N sub-aperture data equally according to an observation azimuth angle; performing imaging processing on the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm to obtain corresponding N sub-images; directly accumulating the sub-images to obtain a CSAR imaging result taking the reference plane as the depth of field, and selecting M unfocused local areas in the images as focuses;
taking the selected local area focus as an image matching reference, performing registration fusion processing on the sub-images, and acquiring CSAR imaging results of M different focus depths; and performing fusion processing on the CSAR images with different 'depth of focus' to obtain a full-focus imaging result.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which is used for implementing the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging system.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method provided by the invention is suitable for CSAR imaging of a topographic relief area, by using the principle of optical image multi-focus fusion imaging, and by using a local plane as a focus, acquiring a group of images with different focus depths by registering the sub-images, and then acquiring a full focus image by fusing the group of images, thereby solving the problem of image focusing under the condition of no external elevation auxiliary data and acquiring a high-quality CSAR two-dimensional imaging result. The invention not only reduces the defocusing of local areas caused by elevation errors in CSAR two-dimensional imaging, but also is convenient to use, only performs imaging processing once, obtains a plurality of CSAR images with different focusing depths, and reduces the calculation amount of an algorithm. Meanwhile, the method is verified by actually measuring radar echo data, and the experimental result proves the effectiveness of the method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4a and 4b are CSAR images of different depths of focus provided by embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of CSAR image results obtained after fusion by the proposed algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a circumferential aperture data dividing module; 2. an aperture data imaging processing module; 3. a subimage accumulation module; 4. a registration fusion processing module; 5. and a full-focus imaging result acquisition module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method, a system, a device, a medium and a terminal, and the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101, dividing sub-aperture data according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and image resolution;
s102, performing sub-aperture imaging on the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm;
s103, directly accumulating the sub-aperture images to obtain an original CSAR image, and selecting a focus area;
s104, registering according to the selected focus area to obtain a multi-focus depth CSAR image;
and S105, performing fusion processing on the CSAR images with multiple focusing depths to obtain a final imaging result.
A schematic diagram of a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 3, a circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the circumferential aperture data dividing module 1 is used for equally dividing complete circumferential aperture data into N sub-aperture data according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and required image resolution;
the aperture data imaging processing module 2 is used for performing imaging processing on the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm to obtain corresponding N sub-images;
the sub-image accumulation module 3 is used for directly accumulating the sub-images, acquiring a CSAR imaging result taking the reference plane as the depth of field, and selecting M unfocused local areas in the images as focuses;
the registration fusion processing module 4 is used for performing registration fusion processing on the sub-images by taking the selected local area focus as an image matching reference to acquire M CSAR imaging results with different focus depths;
and the full-focus imaging result acquisition module 5 is used for performing fusion processing on the CSAR images with different focusing depths to acquire a full-focus imaging result.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a CSAR imaging method suitable for a topographic relief area, which is characterized in that the principle of optical image multi-focus fusion imaging is used for reference, a local plane is used as a focus, a group of images with different focus depths are obtained by registering sub-images, and then a full-focus image is obtained by fusing the group of images, so that the problem of image focusing under the condition of no external elevation auxiliary data is solved, and a high-quality CSAR two-dimensional imaging result is obtained.
The basic idea of the invention is as follows: firstly, carrying out aperture segmentation on complete CSAR data, and respectively imaging the sub-aperture data by adopting a fast algorithm in combination with the data to obtain sub-images; then, local images positioned on different elevation planes in the sub-aperture image are used as references for registration to obtain a group of CSAR images with different depths of field; and finally, performing multi-focus fusion on the obtained images with different depths of field to obtain a full-focus image.
The invention provides a multilayer focusing-based circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method, which adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following processing steps:
firstly, according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and required image resolution, dividing complete circumferential aperture data into N sub-aperture data according to an observation azimuth angle;
secondly, imaging the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm to obtain corresponding N sub-images;
directly accumulating the sub-images to obtain a CSAR imaging result taking the reference plane as the depth of field, and selecting M unfocused local areas in the images as focuses;
fourthly, taking the selected local area focus as an image matching reference, performing registration fusion processing on the sub-images, and acquiring CSAR imaging results of M different focus depths;
fifthly, carrying out fusion processing on the CSAR images with different focusing depths to obtain a full-focus imaging result.
The method provided by the invention is suitable for two-dimensional high-resolution imaging of the circumferential synthetic aperture radar without assistance of digital elevation data, not only reduces defocusing of a local area caused by elevation errors in CSAR two-dimensional imaging, but also is convenient to use, only performs imaging processing once, obtains a plurality of CSAR images with different focusing depths, and reduces the calculation amount of an algorithm.
Example 2
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention. The embodiment of the invention provides a radio frequency interference signal suppression method based on adaptive alternate sparse reconstruction, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, dividing sub-aperture data according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and required image resolution; secondly, performing sub-aperture imaging on the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm; thirdly, directly accumulating the sub-aperture images to obtain an original CSAR image, and selecting a 'focus' area; fourthly, registering according to the selected focus area to obtain CSAR images with multiple focusing depths; fifthly, carrying out fusion processing on the CSAR images with multiple focusing depths to obtain a final imaging result.
The method is verified by actually measuring radar echo data, and the experimental result proves the effectiveness of the method.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the test radar system. And performing image matching processing on the L-band CSAR sub-aperture image of a certain town area by taking planes with different local heights as focusing centers. Fig. 4(a) shows the matching result obtained by using the a region as the "focal" plane, and fig. 4(B) shows the matching result obtained by using the B region as the "focal" plane. As can be seen from the observation of the two images, the upper and lower images are well focused in the areas near the respective "focal" planes, while the areas with a large difference in height from the "focal" planes are severely defocused.
Fig. 5 is a CSAR image obtained after multi-layer focus fusion using the proposed method. It can be seen that effective focusing is obtained after fusion in the original image defocusing area, the problem of defocusing of a local area caused by inconsistent image terrain is effectively corrected, and the method has a good inhibition effect on defocusing caused by imaging terrain fluctuation without elevation data.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When used in whole or in part, can be implemented in a computer program product that includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded or executed on a computer, cause the flow or functions according to embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)). The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method, the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method comprising: carrying out aperture segmentation on the complete CSAR data, and respectively imaging the sub-aperture data by adopting a fast algorithm in combination with the data to obtain sub-images; local images positioned on different elevation planes in the sub-aperture images are used as references for registration to obtain a group of CSAR images with different depths of field; and finally, performing multi-focus fusion on the obtained images with different depths of field to obtain a full-focus image.
2. The circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method as recited in claim 1 wherein the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method comprises the steps of:
dividing sub-aperture data according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and image resolution;
secondly, performing subaperture imaging on the subaperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm;
directly accumulating the sub-aperture images to obtain an original CSAR image, and selecting a focus area;
registering according to the selected focus area to obtain a multi-focus depth CSAR image;
and fifthly, carrying out fusion processing on the CSAR images with the multiple focal depths to obtain a final imaging result.
3. The circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method of claim 2, wherein in the first step, the complete circumferential aperture data is equally divided into N sub-aperture data according to the CSAR system parameters, the imaging geometry and the required image resolution according to the observation azimuth.
4. The circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method of claim 2 wherein in step two, a high resolution fast imaging algorithm is used to perform imaging processing on the sub-aperture data to obtain N corresponding sub-images.
5. The circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method of claim 2, wherein in the third step, the sub-images are directly accumulated to obtain CSAR imaging results with the reference plane as the depth of field, and M unfocused local areas in the images are selected as the focal points.
6. The circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method of claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the selected local area focus is used as an image matching reference, and the registration and fusion processing of the sub-images is performed to obtain CSAR imaging results with M different depths of focus;
and in the fifth step, the CSAR images with different focusing depths are subjected to fusion processing, and a full-focusing imaging result is obtained.
7. A circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging system for implementing the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging system comprises:
the circumferential aperture data dividing module is used for equally dividing complete circumferential aperture data into N sub-aperture data according to the CSAR system parameters, the imaging geometry and the required image resolution;
the aperture data imaging processing module is used for imaging the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm to obtain corresponding N sub-images;
the sub-image accumulation module is used for directly accumulating the sub-images, acquiring a CSAR imaging result taking the reference plane as the depth of field, and selecting M unfocused local areas in the images as focuses;
the registration fusion processing module is used for performing registration fusion processing on the sub-images by taking the selected local area focal points as image matching references to obtain CSAR imaging results of M different focusing depths;
and the full-focus imaging result acquisition module is used for carrying out fusion processing on the CSAR images with different focus depths to acquire a full-focus imaging result.
8. A computer device, characterized in that the computer device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of:
according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and required image resolution, dividing complete circumferential aperture data into N sub-aperture data equally according to an observation azimuth angle; performing imaging processing on the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm to obtain corresponding N sub-images; directly accumulating the sub-images to obtain a CSAR imaging result taking the reference plane as the depth of field, and selecting M unfocused local areas in the images as focuses;
taking the selected local area focus as an image matching reference, performing registration fusion processing on the sub-images, and acquiring CSAR imaging results of M different focusing depths; and carrying out fusion processing on the CSAR images with different focusing depths to obtain a full-focusing imaging result.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
according to CSAR system parameters, imaging geometry and required image resolution, dividing complete circumferential aperture data into N sub-aperture data equally according to an observation azimuth angle; performing imaging processing on the sub-aperture data by adopting a high-resolution rapid imaging algorithm to obtain corresponding N sub-images; directly accumulating the sub-images to obtain a CSAR imaging result taking the reference plane as the depth of field, and selecting M unfocused local areas in the images as focuses;
taking the selected local area focus as an image matching reference, performing registration fusion processing on the sub-images, and acquiring CSAR imaging results of M different focusing depths; and carrying out fusion processing on the CSAR images with different focusing depths to obtain a full-focusing imaging result.
10. An information data processing terminal, characterized in that the information data processing terminal is adapted to implement the circumferential synthetic aperture radar imaging system as claimed in claim 7.
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| CN116643276B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-12-08 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Three-dimensional imaging method, device and storage medium for synthetic aperture radar |
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