CN114738107A - Pneumatic supercharging system and method for multi-cylinder engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and specifically discloses a pneumatic supercharging system and method for a multi-cylinder engine. The present invention adopts two supercharging devices for supercharging the intake air of the in-line four-cylinder engine, and uses the exhaust gas of the cylinder block of the in-line four-cylinder engine for supercharging. It will lose the engine energy, on the one hand, it provides the utilization rate of exhaust gas, and on the other hand, it can also avoid the occurrence of blow-by gas between the intake and exhaust cylinders of the engine, so as to ensure the fuel efficiency.

Description

A kind of pneumatic supercharging system and method for multi-cylinder engine

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to the technical field of engine pneumatic supercharging, and more particularly to a pneumatic supercharging system and method for a multi-cylinder engine.

Background technique

In order to improve engine dynamic performance, increase specific power, and improve fuel economy, supercharging technology emerges as the times require. With the continuous development of supercharging technology, a variety of supercharging methods have gradually emerged. At present, the main supercharging methods are mechanical supercharging, exhaust gas turbocharging, etc., but the above supercharging methods all have certain shortcomings. Among them, the supercharging effect is not ideal due to the long energy transmission process, large friction force and serious power consumption. Exhaust gas turbocharging has a slower response speed due to the lag and surge effect of the turbo. The above-mentioned supercharging methods will consume the energy of the engine to varying degrees, and the energy utilization rate of the exhaust gas is not optimal.

The publication number is CN202220657U, the publication date is May 16, 2012, and the utility model patent named "Intake and Exhaust Interconnected Piston Supercharging Energy-saving Engine" discloses the use of the pressure when the engine cylinder Cylinder supercharged intake and exhaust interconnected piston supercharged energy-saving engine. The intake and exhaust interconnected piston supercharged energy-saving engine includes at least four cylinders, an intake pipe and an exhaust manifold are communicated with the side walls of the cylinders of all cylinders, and a supercharger is communicated between the cylinders with opposite intake and exhaust. Tube.

The above-mentioned intake-exhaust interconnected piston supercharging energy-saving engine is only connected with a supercharger pipe between the cylinders with opposite intake and exhaust, so the supercharging effect is not obvious, and the intake and exhaust are connected, which will cause the gap between intake and exhaust. The blow-by gas will affect the combustion efficiency in the piston cavity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects and deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pneumatic supercharging system and method for a multi-cylinder engine. Loss of engine energy, poor utilization of exhaust gas, and blow-by gas from intake and exhaust affect combustion efficiency. The present invention adopts two supercharging devices for supercharging the intake air of the in-line four-cylinder engine, and uses the exhaust gas of the cylinder block of the in-line four-cylinder engine for supercharging. It will lose engine energy, on the one hand, it provides the utilization rate of exhaust gas, and on the other hand, it can also avoid the occurrence of blow-by gas between the intake and exhaust cylinders of the engine, and ensure the fuel efficiency.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

A first aspect of the present invention provides a pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine, comprising an inline four-cylinder engine, a supercharging device I, a supercharging device II, a plurality of intake pipes, a plurality of exhaust pipes, an intake manifold and exhaust manifold;

The booster device I and the booster device II both include a cylinder body I and a cylinder body II that are symmetrically arranged and connected together. The cylinder body I is provided with a piston I, and the cylinder body II is provided with a piston II; The inner cavity of the body I is divided into the exhaust gas chamber I and the air chamber I, and the piston II divides the inner cavity of the cylinder II into the exhaust gas chamber II and the air chamber II; the piston I and the piston II are connected together by the transmission rod to form a double-headed booster piston Assembly; the transmission rod passes through the connection between cylinder I and cylinder II, and the two ends of the transmission rod are fixedly connected to piston I and piston II respectively; the transmission rod passes through the two ends of the connection between cylinder I and cylinder II , respectively located in the air chamber I and the air chamber II; the connection between the transmission rod and the cylinder block I and the cylinder block II is slidably and sealedly connected;

The in-line four-cylinder engine includes engine cylinder I, engine cylinder II, engine cylinder III and engine cylinder IV. The exhaust port of engine cylinder I is communicated with the exhaust gas chamber I of the supercharging device I through an exhaust pipe; The air port is communicated with the air chamber I of the supercharging device II through the intake pipe;

The exhaust port of the engine cylinder II is communicated with the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device I through the exhaust pipe, and the air inlet of the engine cylinder II is communicated with the air chamber I of the supercharging device I through the intake pipe;

The exhaust port of the engine cylinder III is communicated with the exhaust gas chamber I of the supercharging device II through the exhaust pipe, and the air inlet of the engine cylinder III is communicated with the air chamber II of the supercharging device II through the intake pipe;

The exhaust port of the engine cylinder IV is communicated with the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device II through the exhaust pipe, and the air inlet of the engine cylinder IV is communicated with the air chamber II of the supercharging device I through the intake pipe;

An intake one-way solenoid valve is arranged on the air chamber I and air chamber II of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II and the intake passages of the engine cylinder I, the engine cylinder II, the engine cylinder III and the engine cylinder IV; Exhaust check valves are arranged on the exhaust passages between cylinder I, engine cylinder II, engine cylinder III and engine cylinder IV and the exhaust gas chamber I and exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II;

The air chamber I and the air chamber II of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II are provided with air intake ports. All the air intake ports are connected through the intake manifold and then aggregated to the intake manifold. The intake manifold is equipped with joints. valve, and an intake check valve is arranged on the intake passage between the air intake port and the intake manifold;

The exhaust gas chamber I and the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II are both provided with exhaust gas outlets, and all the exhaust gas outlets are connected through the exhaust manifold and then aggregated to the exhaust manifold; An exhaust solenoid valve is arranged on the passage;

The intake one-way solenoid valve, the exhaust solenoid valve and the throttle valve are all connected with the on-board computer and controlled by the on-board computer.

Further, the air inlet and air outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I and the air chamber I of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II are arranged on the circumferential side of the cylinder block I.

Furthermore, the exhaust gas inlets and exhaust gas exhaust ports of the air chamber II and the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II are arranged on the circumferential side of the cylinder block II.

Further, the exhaust gas inlet and exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II are both arranged on the end face of the cylinder block I at the end facing away from the cylinder block II.

Furthermore, the exhaust gas inlet and the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II are both arranged on the end face of the cylinder block II at the end facing away from the cylinder block I.

Further, the air inlet and air outlet of the air chamber I of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II are both arranged on the end face of the cylinder block I close to one end of the cylinder block II.

Further, the air inlet and air outlet of the air chamber II of the supercharging device I and the supercharging device II are both arranged on the end face of the cylinder block II close to one end of the cylinder block I.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a pneumatic supercharging method for a multi-cylinder engine, the method comprising the following steps:

When the in-line four-cylinder engine is running, when the crankshaft angle of the engine is 0°～180°CA, the engine cylinder I exhausts and the engine cylinder II intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder I enters the exhaust gas chamber I of the supercharging device I through the exhaust pipe. The on-board computer controls the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I to the exhaust main pipe to close, the pressure in the exhaust gas chamber I increases, and the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber I pushes the piston I of the supercharging device I to the The air chamber I moves in the direction and compresses the fresh air that entered the air chamber I before; when the boost pressure of the air chamber I reaches the maximum, the piston I stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air chamber I of the supercharging device I and the intake of the engine cylinder II. The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the ports is opened, and the supercharged air enters the engine cylinder II through the intake pipe to pressurize the engine cylinder II;

When the crankshaft rotation angle of the engine reaches 180°～360°CA, the engine cylinder III exhausts and the engine cylinder I intakes air; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder III enters the exhaust gas chamber I of the supercharging device II through the exhaust pipe, and the on-board computer controls the exhaust gas chamber I of the supercharging device II. The exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I to the exhaust manifold is closed, the pressure in the exhaust gas chamber I increases, and the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber I pushes the piston I of the supercharging device II to the pressure of the supercharging device II. The air chamber I moves in the direction and compresses the fresh air that entered the air chamber I before; when the boost pressure of the air chamber I reaches the maximum, the piston I stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air chamber I of the supercharging device II and the engine cylinder I The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the intake ports is opened, and the supercharged air enters the engine cylinder I through the intake pipe to pressurize the engine cylinder I;

When the crank angle of the engine rotates to 360°～540°CA, the engine cylinder IV exhausts and the engine cylinder III intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder IV enters the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device II through the exhaust pipe, and the on-board computer controls The exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II to the exhaust manifold is closed, and at the same time, the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I of the supercharging device II to the exhaust manifold is controlled to open; The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device II pushes the piston II of the supercharging device II to move in the direction of the air chamber II, and compresses the fresh air that entered the air chamber II before; The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the air chamber I and the intake port of the engine cylinder I is closed; the intake one-way valve between the air chamber I and the intake manifold is opened, and fresh air enters the air In the chamber I; when the boost pressure of the air chamber II reaches the maximum, the piston II stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the intake one-way solenoid valve on the passage between the air chamber II and the intake port of the engine cylinder III to open, and the pressure is increased. The rear air enters the engine cylinder III through the intake pipe, and pressurizes the engine cylinder III;

When the crankshaft rotation angle of the engine reaches 540°～720°CA, the engine cylinder II exhausts and the engine cylinder IV enters the intake; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder II enters the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device I through the exhaust pipe, and the on-board computer controls The exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II to the exhaust manifold is closed, and at the same time, the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I of the supercharging device I to the exhaust manifold is controlled to open; The exhaust gas in the exhaust gas chamber II of the supercharging device I pushes the piston II to move in the direction of the air chamber II, and compresses the fresh air that entered II before; in this process, the on-board computer controls the air chamber I of the supercharging device I and the engine cylinder. II The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the intake ports is closed; the intake one-way valve between the air chamber I and the intake manifold is opened, and fresh air enters the air chamber I; When the boost pressure of the air chamber II reaches the maximum, the piston II stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the intake one-way solenoid valve on the passage between the air chamber II and the intake port of the engine cylinder IV to open, and the supercharged air passes through the intake pipe. Enter the engine cylinder IV, pressurize the engine cylinder IV;

The above process means that the engine completes a working cycle and completes the supercharging of the four cylinders, and the above process will be repeated during the operation of the engine.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects brought by the present invention are shown in:

1. The pneumatic supercharging system and method of the present invention adopts the scheme of directly compressing air from exhaust gas, which reduces the energy conversion link of exhaust gas, which is superior to the energy conversion link of turbocharging or mechanical supercharging, and is also superior to turbocharging and turbocharging. Efficiency of supercharging.

2. The supercharging device of the present invention realizes the alternate supercharging between the cylinders with opposite intake and exhaust in the engine through symmetrically arranged double cylinders and double-headed supercharging piston assemblies, and effectively utilizes the exhaust gas pressure discharged from the cylinders. The supercharging device has a simple structure and low cost.

3. The intake and exhaust organization method adopted by the present invention, that is, the connection method between the engine cylinder and the supercharging device, can prevent the exhaust gas of one cylinder from escaping to another cylinder, thereby avoiding the adverse effect on combustion caused by excessive residual exhaust gas. .

4. In the present invention, when the air inlets and air outlets of the air chamber I and the exhaust gas chamber I are both arranged on the circumferential side of the cylinder body I, the displacement range of the piston is received between the air inlet or the air outlet on the peripheral wall of the cylinder body. Distance, the movement range of the piston can not exceed the position of the air inlet or air outlet, otherwise it will cause blow-by.

5. In the present invention, both the air inlet and the air outlet of the exhaust gas chamber are arranged on the end face of the cylinder body, which maximizes the moving range of the piston and also maximizes the boosting effect.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the pneumatic booster system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the pressurizing device in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is another cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the booster device in the present invention.

Reference numerals: 100, inline four-cylinder engine, 200, supercharging device I, 300, supercharging device II, 400, intake pipe, 500, exhaust pipe, 600, intake manifold, 700, exhaust manifold, 800, throttle valve;

101. Engine cylinder I, 102, Engine cylinder II, 103, Engine cylinder III, 104, Engine cylinder IV;

201, Cylinder block I, 202, Cylinder block II, 203, Piston I, 204, Piston II, 205, Exhaust chamber I, 206, Air chamber I, 207, Exhaust chamber II, 208, Air chamber II, 209, Transmission rod , 210, air inlet I, 211, air inlet II, 212, exhaust gas inlet I, 213, exhaust gas inlet II, 214, air outlet I, 215, air outlet II, 216, exhaust gas Air outlet I, 217, exhaust gas outlet II.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further elaborated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the description. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 of the specification, this embodiment discloses a pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine, including an inline four-cylinder engine 100, a supercharging device I200, a supercharging device II 300 , several intake pipes 400 , several exhaust pipes 500 , intake manifold 600 and exhaust manifold 700 .

The supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 have the same structure. Referring to Figures 2 and 3 in the specification, the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 both include a cylinder block I201 and a cylinder block II202 that are symmetrically arranged and connected together. , Cylinder block I201 is provided with piston I203, and cylinder block II202 is provided with piston II204; piston I203 divides the inner cavity of cylinder block I201 into exhaust gas chamber I205 and air chamber I206, and piston II204 divides the inner cavity of cylinder block II202 into exhaust gas chamber II207 and the air chamber II 208; the piston I 203 and the piston II 204 are connected together by the transmission rod 209 to form a double-headed booster piston assembly; the transmission rod 209 runs through the connection between the cylinder block I 201 and the cylinder block II 202, and the two ends of the transmission rod 209 are respectively fixed Connected to piston I203 and piston II204; transmission rod 209 penetrates both ends of the connection between cylinder I201 and cylinder II202, and is located in air chamber I206 and air chamber II208 respectively; transmission rod 209 and cylinder I201 and cylinder II202 The air chamber I 206, the air chamber II 208, the exhaust chamber I 205 and the exhaust chamber II 207 are all provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the air chamber I206 is connected with an air inlet I210 and an air outlet I214, the air chamber II208 is connected with an air inlet II211 and an air outlet II215, and the exhaust chamber I205 is connected with an exhaust gas inlet I212 and an exhaust gas outlet I216, The exhaust gas chamber II207 is connected with an exhaust gas inlet II213 and an exhaust gas outlet II217.

The in-line four-cylinder engine 100 includes an engine cylinder I 101, an engine cylinder II 102, an engine cylinder III 103 and an engine cylinder IV 104. The exhaust port of the engine cylinder I 101 passes through the exhaust pipe 500 and the exhaust gas inlet of the exhaust gas chamber I 205 of the supercharging device I 200. I212 is connected; the air inlet of the engine cylinder I101 is communicated with the air outlet I214 of the air chamber I206 of the supercharging device II300 through the intake pipe 400;

The exhaust port of engine cylinder II 102 is communicated with the exhaust gas inlet port II 213 of the exhaust gas chamber II 207 of the supercharging device I 200 through the exhaust pipe 500, and the intake port of the engine cylinder II 102 is connected to the air chamber I 206 of the supercharging device I 200 through the intake pipe 400. The air outlet I214 is connected;

The exhaust port of engine cylinder III103 communicates with the exhaust gas intake port I212 of the exhaust gas chamber I205 of the supercharging device II300 through the exhaust pipe 500, and the intake port of the engine cylinder III103 is connected to the air chamber II208 of the supercharging device II300 through the intake pipe 400. Air outlet II215 is connected;

The exhaust port of engine cylinder IV104 is communicated with the exhaust gas intake port II213 of the exhaust gas chamber II207 of the supercharging device II300 through the exhaust pipe 500, and the intake port of the engine cylinder IV104 is connected to the air chamber II208 of the supercharging device I200 through the intake pipe 400. The air outlet II 215 is communicated.

An intake one-way solenoid valve is provided on the air chamber I206 and air chamber II208 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 and the intake passages of the engine cylinder I101, the engine cylinder II102, the engine cylinder III103 and the engine cylinder IV104; In an implementation of this embodiment, the intake one-way solenoid valve may be disposed on the air outlet I214 and the air outlet II215 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300.

Exhaust check valves are provided on the exhaust passages between engine cylinder I101, engine cylinder II102, engine cylinder III103 and engine cylinder IV104 and the exhaust gas chamber I205 and exhaust gas chamber II207 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300; In an implementation of this embodiment, the exhaust one-way valve may be provided on the exhaust gas inlet I212 and the exhaust gas inlet II213 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300.

The air chambers I206 and II208 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 are both provided with air intake ports. All air intake ports are connected through the intake manifold 600 and then aggregated to the intake manifold. The intake manifold is equipped with Throttle valve 800, and an intake one-way valve is set on the intake passage between the air intake port and the intake manifold; as an implementation of this embodiment, the intake one-way valve is set in the supercharging device I200 and the booster. On the air inlet I210 and the air inlet II211 of the pressure device II300.

The exhaust gas chamber I205 and the exhaust gas chamber II207 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 are all provided with exhaust gas outlets, and all the exhaust gas outlets are connected through the exhaust manifold 700 and then aggregated to the exhaust manifold; and the exhaust gas outlets are connected to the exhaust manifold. An exhaust solenoid valve is arranged on the passage of the 1 ; as an implementation of this embodiment, the exhaust solenoid valve can be arranged on the exhaust gas outlet I216 and the exhaust gas outlet II 217 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300.

The intake one-way solenoid valve, the exhaust solenoid valve, and the throttle valve 800 are all connected to the on-board computer and controlled by the on-board computer.

As an implementation of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the air inlet and air outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I205 and the air chamber I206 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 are both arranged on the circumferential side of the cylinder block I201 . The air chamber II 208 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II 300 and the exhaust gas intake port and exhaust gas exhaust port of the exhaust gas chamber II 207 are arranged on the circumference side of the cylinder block II 202 . The displacement range of the piston is determined by the distance between the air inlet or air outlet on the circumferential wall of the cylinder. The movement range of the piston cannot exceed the position of the air inlet or air outlet, otherwise it will cause blow-by.

As another implementation of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the exhaust gas inlet and exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I205 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 are both arranged on the cylinder block I201 away from the cylinder block II202 The end face of one end; the exhaust gas inlet and exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II207 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 are both arranged on the end face of the cylinder block II202 away from the cylinder block I201; the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging The air inlet and air outlet of the air chamber I206 of the device II300 are both arranged on the end face of the cylinder block I201 close to one end of the cylinder block II202; the air inlet and the air chamber II208 of the supercharging device I200 and the supercharging device II300 are The air outlets are arranged on the end face of the cylinder block II 202 close to one end of the cylinder block I 201 .

This embodiment also discloses a pneumatic supercharging method for a multi-cylinder engine, the method comprising the following steps:

When the inline four-cylinder engine 100 is running, when the crank angle of the engine is 0°～180°CA, the engine cylinder I101 exhausts, and the engine cylinder II102 intakes; the exhaust gas of the engine cylinder I101 enters the exhaust gas of the supercharging device I200 through the exhaust pipe 500 In the chamber I205; the on-board computer controls the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust chamber I205 to the exhaust manifold to close, the pressure in the exhaust chamber I205 increases, and the exhaust gas entering the exhaust chamber I205 pushes the piston of the supercharging device I200 I203 moves to the direction of air chamber I206, and compresses the fresh air that entered air chamber I206 before; when the boost pressure of air chamber I206 reaches the maximum, piston I203 stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air chamber I206 of the supercharging device I200 and the engine cylinder II102 The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the intake ports is opened, and the supercharged air enters the engine cylinder II 102 through the intake pipe 400 to pressurize the engine cylinder II 102;

When the crankshaft rotation angle of the engine reaches 180°～360°CA, the engine cylinder III103 exhausts and the engine cylinder I101 intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder III103 enters the exhaust gas chamber I205 of the supercharging device II300 through the exhaust pipe 500, and the on-board computer controls The exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I205 to the exhaust manifold is closed, the pressure in the exhaust gas chamber I205 increases, and the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber I205 pushes the piston I203 of the supercharging device II300 to the supercharging device II300 The air chamber I206 moves in the direction of the air chamber I206 and compresses the fresh air that entered the air chamber I206 before; when the supercharging pressure of the air chamber I206 reaches the maximum, the piston I203 stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air chamber I206 of the supercharging device II300 and the engine cylinder. The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the intake ports of I101 is opened, and the supercharged air enters the engine cylinder I101 through the intake pipe 400 to pressurize the engine cylinder I101;

When the crankshaft rotation angle of the engine reaches 360°～540°CA, the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder IV104 and the intake air from the engine cylinder III103; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder IV104 enters the exhaust gas chamber II207 of the supercharging device II300 through the exhaust pipe 500, and the on-board computer Control the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the waste gas chamber II207 to the exhaust manifold to close, and control the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I205 of the turbocharger II300 to the exhaust manifold to open; The exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber II207 of the supercharging device II300 pushes the piston II204 of the supercharging device II300 to move in the direction of the air chamber II208, and compresses the fresh air that entered the air chamber II208 before; in this process, the on-board computer controls the supercharging device II300 The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the air chamber I206 and the intake port of the engine cylinder I101 is closed; the intake one-way valve between the air chamber I206 and the intake manifold is opened, and fresh air enters the In the air chamber I206; when the supercharging pressure of the air chamber II208 reaches the maximum, the piston II204 stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air intake one-way solenoid valve on the passage between the air chamber II208 and the intake port of the engine cylinder III103 to open, increasing the pressure. The compressed air enters the engine cylinder III 103 through the intake pipe 400, and pressurizes the engine cylinder III 103;

When the crankshaft rotation angle of the engine reaches 540°～720°CA, the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder II 102 and the intake from the engine cylinder IV 104; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder II 102 enters the exhaust gas chamber II 207 of the supercharging device I 200 through the exhaust pipe 500, and the on-board computer Control the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II207 to the exhaust manifold to close, and control the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I205 of the supercharging device I200 to the exhaust manifold to open; The exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber II 207 of the supercharging device I200 pushes the piston II 204 to move in the direction of the air chamber II 208, and compresses the fresh air that entered II before; in this process, the on-board computer controls the air chamber I206 of the supercharging device I200 and the engine The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the intake ports of cylinder II 102 is closed; the intake one-way valve between the air chamber I206 and the intake manifold is opened, and fresh air enters the air chamber I206; when When the boost pressure of the air chamber II 208 reaches the maximum, the piston II 204 stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air intake one-way solenoid valve on the passage between the air chamber II 208 and the intake port of the engine cylinder IV 104 to open, and the supercharged air passes through the intake port. The trachea 400 enters the engine cylinder IV104 to pressurize the engine cylinder IV104;

The above process means that the engine completes a working cycle and completes the supercharging of the four cylinders, and the above process will be repeated during the operation of the engine.

In the next working cycle, when the crankshaft angle of the engine is 0°～180°CA, the engine cylinder I101 exhausts and the engine cylinder II102 intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder I101 enters the exhaust gas chamber I205 of the supercharging device I200 through the exhaust pipe 500 ;The on-board computer controls and controls the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II207 of the supercharging device I200 to the exhaust manifold to open, and at the same time controls the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I205 to the exhaust manifold. The air solenoid valve is closed; when the air in the air chamber I206 of the supercharging device I200 is compressed, the on-board computer controls the intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the air chamber II208 and the engine cylinder IV104 to close, and the air in the air chamber II208 is closed. The intake check valve on the passage between the intake port and the intake manifold is opened, and fresh air enters the air chamber II 208 .

In the same way, when the crankshaft angle of the engine is 180°～360°CA, the engine cylinder III103 exhausts and the engine cylinder I101 intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder III103 enters the exhaust gas chamber I205 of the supercharging device II300 through the exhaust pipe 500, and the on-board computer The exhaust one-way solenoid valve that controls the passage between the exhaust gas chamber II207 of the supercharging device II300 and the exhaust manifold is opened, and at the same time, the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II205 to the exhaust manifold is controlled to be closed; when When the air in the air chamber I206 of the supercharging device II300 is compressed, the on-board computer controls the air intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the air chamber II208 of the supercharging device II300 and the engine cylinder III103 to close, and the air in the air chamber II208 enters. The intake check valve on the passage between the air port and the intake manifold is opened, and fresh air enters the air chamber II 208 .

The above engine cylinder I 101, engine cylinder II 102, engine cylinder III 103 and engine cylinder IV do not specifically refer to a specific cylinder, but are described according to the ignition sequence of a four-cylinder in-line engine. As shown in Figure 1, the ignition sequence of the engine cylinders is If the first-order cylinder fires first, the engine cylinder I 101 refers to the first-order cylinder, and if the engine's second-order cylinder fires first, the engine cylinder I 101 refers to the second-order cylinder.

Claims (8)

1. A pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine, characterized in that it comprises an inline four-cylinder engine (100), a supercharging device I (200), a supercharging device II (300), a plurality of intake pipes (400) , a number of exhaust pipes (500), an intake manifold (600) and an exhaust manifold (700); The booster device I (200) and the booster device II (300) both include a cylinder body I (201) and a cylinder body II (202) that are symmetrically arranged and connected together, and a piston is arranged in the cylinder body I (201). I (203), a piston II (204) is arranged in the cylinder block II (202); the piston I (203) divides the inner cavity of the cylinder block I (201) into an exhaust gas chamber I (205) and an air chamber I (206), Piston II (204) divides the inner cavity of cylinder block II (202) into exhaust gas chamber II (207) and air chamber II (208); piston I (203) and piston II (204) are connected together by transmission rod (209) , forming a double-headed booster piston assembly; the transmission rod (209) runs through the connection between the cylinder I (201) and the cylinder II (202), and the two ends of the transmission rod (209) are fixedly connected to the piston I (203) respectively. and piston II (204); the transmission rod (209) passes through the two ends of the connection between the cylinder block I (201) and the cylinder block II (202), and is located in the air chamber I (206) and the air chamber II (208) inside; the transmission rod (209) is slidingly and sealedly connected to the connection between the cylinder block I (201) and the cylinder block II (202); The inline four-cylinder engine (100) includes an engine cylinder I (101), an engine cylinder II (102), an engine cylinder III (103) and an engine cylinder IV (104), and the exhaust port of the engine cylinder I (101) passes through the exhaust port. The air pipe (500) is communicated with the exhaust gas chamber I (205) of the supercharging device I (200); the intake port of the engine cylinder I (101) is connected to the air chamber I of the supercharging device II (300) through the intake pipe (400) (206) Connect; The exhaust port of the engine cylinder II (102) is communicated with the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the supercharging device I (200) through the exhaust pipe (500), and the intake port of the engine cylinder II (102) is passed through the intake pipe (400) It communicates with the air chamber I (206) of the booster device I (200); The exhaust port of the engine cylinder III (103) is communicated with the exhaust gas chamber I (205) of the supercharging device II (300) through the exhaust pipe (500), and the intake port of the engine cylinder III (103) is passed through the intake pipe (400) It is communicated with the air chamber II (208) of the supercharging device II (300); The exhaust port of the engine cylinder IV (104) is communicated with the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the supercharging device II (300) through the exhaust pipe (500), and the intake port of the engine cylinder IV (104) is connected through the intake pipe (400) It communicates with the air chamber II (208) of the booster device I (200); In the air chamber I (206) and the air chamber II (208) of the supercharging device I (200) and the supercharging device II (300) and the engine cylinder I (101), the engine cylinder II (102), the engine cylinder III (103) ) and the intake passages of engine cylinder IV (104) are provided with intake one-way solenoid valves; engine cylinder I (101), engine cylinder II (102), engine cylinder III (103) and engine cylinder IV (104) An exhaust check valve is provided on the exhaust passage between the exhaust gas chamber I (205) and the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the supercharging device I (200) and the supercharging device II (300); Both the air chamber I (206) and the air chamber II (208) of the supercharging device I (200) and the supercharging device II (300) are provided with air inlets, and all the air inlets pass through the intake manifold (600) After connecting, they are aggregated to the intake manifold. The intake manifold is equipped with a throttle valve (800), and an intake check valve is set on the intake passage between the air inlet and the intake manifold; The exhaust gas chamber I (205) and the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the supercharging device I (200) and the supercharging device II (300) are both provided with exhaust gas outlets, and all the exhaust gas outlets are connected through the exhaust manifold (700). Summed up to the exhaust manifold; and an exhaust solenoid valve is arranged on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet to the exhaust manifold; The intake one-way solenoid valve, the exhaust solenoid valve, and the throttle valve (800) are all connected to the on-board computer and controlled by the on-board computer. 2. A pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the exhaust gas chamber I (205) of the supercharging device I (200) and the supercharging device II (300) and the air Both the air inlet and the air outlet of the chamber I (206) are arranged on the circumferential side of the cylinder block I (201). 3. A pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the supercharging device I (200) and the air chamber II (208) of the supercharging device II (300) The exhaust gas intake port and the exhaust gas exhaust port of the exhaust gas chamber II (207) are arranged on the circumferential side of the cylinder block II (202). 4. A pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the exhaust gas of the exhaust gas chamber I (205) of the supercharging device I (200) and the supercharging device II (300) Both the intake port and the exhaust gas outlet are arranged on the end face of the cylinder block I (201) facing away from the cylinder block II (202). 5. A pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the exhaust gas of the supercharging device I (200) and the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the supercharging device II (300) Both the intake port and the exhaust gas outlet are arranged on the end face of the cylinder block II (202) at the end facing away from the cylinder block I (201). 6. A pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1, 4 or 5, characterized in that: the air chamber I ( The air inlet and air outlet of 206) are both arranged on the end face of the cylinder block I (201) close to one end of the cylinder block II (202). 7. A pneumatic supercharging system for a multi-cylinder engine according to claim 1, 4 or 5, characterized in that: the supercharging device I (200) and the air chamber II ( The air inlet and air outlet of 208) are both arranged on the end face of the cylinder block II (202) close to one end of the cylinder block I (201). 8. A pneumatic supercharging method for a multi-cylinder engine, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: When the inline four-cylinder engine (100) is running, when the crankshaft angle of the engine is 0° to 180°CA, the engine cylinder I (101) exhausts, and the engine cylinder II (102) intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder I (101) passes through The exhaust pipe (500) enters the exhaust gas chamber I (205) of the supercharging device I (200); the on-board computer controls the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I (205) to the exhaust main pipe to close , the pressure in the exhaust gas chamber I (205) increases, and the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber I (205) pushes the piston I (203) of the supercharging device I (200) to move in the direction of the air chamber I (206), and compresses the incoming air before fresh air in chamber I (206); when the supercharging pressure of air chamber I (206) reaches the maximum, piston I (203) stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air chamber I (206) of the supercharging device I (200) and the engine The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the intake ports of the cylinder II (102) is opened, and the supercharged air enters the engine cylinder II (102) through the intake pipe (400), and supplies the engine cylinder II (102) to the engine cylinder II (102). ) pressurized; When the crankshaft rotation angle of the engine reaches 180°～360°CA, the engine cylinder III (103) exhausts and the engine cylinder I (101) intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder III (103) enters the supercharging through the exhaust pipe (500). In the exhaust gas chamber I (205) of the device II (300), the on-board computer controls the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I (205) to the exhaust manifold to close, and the exhaust gas chamber I (205) is inside the exhaust gas chamber I (205). The pressure increases, and the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber I (205) pushes the piston I (203) of the supercharging device II (300) to move in the direction of the air chamber I (206) of the supercharging device II (300), and enters the exhaust gas before being compressed. Fresh air in the air chamber I (206); when the boost pressure of the air chamber I (206) reaches the maximum, the piston I (203) stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air chamber I (206) of the supercharging device II (300). The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the intake port of the engine cylinder I (101) is opened, and the supercharged air enters the engine cylinder I (101) through the intake pipe (400), and supplies the engine cylinder I to the engine cylinder I (101). (101) pressurization; When the crankshaft rotation angle of the engine reaches 360°～540°CA, the engine cylinder IV (104) exhausts, and the engine cylinder III (103) intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder IV (104) enters into the booster through the exhaust pipe (500). In the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the pressure device II (300), the on-board computer controls the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II (207) to the exhaust manifold to close, and simultaneously controls the supercharging device II ( 300) The exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I (205) to the exhaust manifold is opened; the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the supercharging device II (300) pushes the supercharging device II ( The piston II (204) of 300) moves in the direction of the air chamber II (208), and compresses the fresh air that entered the air chamber II (208) before; in this process, the on-board computer controls the air chamber of the booster II (300). The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between I (206) and the intake port of the engine cylinder I (101) is closed; the intake one-way valve between the air chamber I (206) and the intake manifold is opened , fresh air enters the air chamber I (206); when the boost pressure of the air chamber II (208) reaches the maximum, the piston II (204) stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air chamber II (208) and the engine cylinder. The air intake one-way solenoid valve on the passage between the intake ports of III (103) is opened, and the supercharged air enters the engine cylinder III (103) through the intake pipe (400), and pressurizes the engine cylinder III (103); When the crankshaft rotation angle of the engine reaches 540°～720°CA, the engine cylinder II (102) exhausts and the engine cylinder IV (104) intakes; the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder II (102) enters into the booster through the exhaust pipe (500). In the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the pressure device I (200), the on-board computer controls the exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber II (207) to the exhaust manifold to close, and at the same time controls the supercharging device I ( 200) The exhaust solenoid valve on the passage from the exhaust gas outlet of the exhaust gas chamber I (205) to the exhaust manifold is opened; the exhaust gas entering the exhaust gas chamber II (207) of the supercharging device I (200) pushes the piston II (204) ) moves in the direction of the air chamber II (208), and compresses the fresh air that entered into II; during this process, the on-board computer controls the air chamber I (206) of the supercharging device I (200) and the engine cylinder II (102). The intake one-way solenoid valve on the intake passage between the air ports is closed; the intake one-way valve between the air chamber I (206) and the intake manifold is opened, and fresh air enters the air chamber I (206) When the boost pressure of the air chamber II (208) reaches the maximum, the piston II (204) stops moving, and the on-board computer controls the air flow on the passage between the air chamber II (208) and the intake port of the engine cylinder IV (104). The intake one-way solenoid valve is opened, and the supercharged air enters the engine cylinder IV (104) through the intake pipe (400), and pressurizes the engine cylinder IV (104); The above process means that the engine completes a working cycle and completes the supercharging of the four cylinders. During the running process of the engine, the above process will be repeated.

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