CN114738031B - Natural and mechanical ventilation coupled construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method - Google Patents
Natural and mechanical ventilation coupled construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/18—Gravity flow ventilation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of constructing a remote control model of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system of a construction tunnel, combining monitoring data information of the construction tunnel with a remote control physical entity, determining mechanical ventilation volume through a GA-BP algorithm, intelligently predicting and regulating the air supply volume of a fan by combining changes of natural air pressure and air direction, and realizing parallel synchronization and mapping interaction between a tunnel virtual model and the physical entity by utilizing a PLC control technology. The invention can effectively ensure fresh and healthy air in the tunnel construction environment process, reduce the harm of pollutants in the tunnel to human bodies, reduce the disturbance and the failure rate of equipment coordination, and is beneficial to improving the safety production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of digital twin intelligent ventilation, in particular to a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled digital twin intelligent ventilation method for a construction tunnel.
Background
In recent years, as tunnel construction gradually develops towards environments with high altitude, large burial depth and severe geological structure conditions, the complexity of construction processes, the difference of equipment management and control strategies and the disturbance of equipment coordination in the tunneling process put higher requirements on remote intelligent regulation and control of a ventilation system.
The complex, difficult and long-distance tunnel construction causes the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel, the air pressure difference of the inlet and the outlet Gao Dianshui and the change of the natural air outside the tunnel, thereby causing the formation of the natural air flow in the tunnel. On the other hand, the visual digital regulation and control of the tunnel construction ventilation system and the linkage interaction of the physical entity equipment do not realize parallel synchronization, so that control deviations such as data transmission delay, execution logic differences and the like exist between the virtual model and the physical entity, and the safety of tunnel construction is influenced.
Therefore, the digital twin intelligent ventilation method for the construction tunnel coupled with natural and mechanical ventilation needs to be researched to overcome the defects in the prior art, the method can regulate and control the mechanical ventilation quantity in real time according to the change of the natural wind flow of the tunnel, and not only can save energy consumption, but also can improve the remote intelligent control capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method, which realizes the regulation and control of mechanical ventilation quantity by monitoring the natural wind pressure of a tunnel and the environmental parameters of a construction working face in real time, and simultaneously constructs a digital twin technology to drive a construction tunnel ventilation system remote intelligent control model, thereby saving the energy consumption of the construction tunnel ventilation system, realizing remote intelligent linkage control and being beneficial to improving the safety production efficiency and the intelligent control level of the construction tunnel.
To solve the above technical problem, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following solutions:
a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled digital twinning intelligent ventilation method for a construction tunnel, the method comprising: the method comprises the steps of constructing a remote control model of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system of a construction tunnel, combining monitoring data information of the construction tunnel with a remote control physical entity, determining mechanical ventilation volume through a GA-BP algorithm, intelligently predicting and regulating the air supply volume of a fan by combining changes of natural air pressure and air direction, and realizing parallel synchronization and mapping interaction between a tunnel virtual model and the physical entity by utilizing a PLC control technology.
Preferably, the remote control model of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system of the construction tunnel comprises a physical entity domain, a digital twin body, a visual virtual domain and a digital twin intelligent ventilation software module of the construction tunnel coupled with natural and mechanical ventilation; the control logic is driven by a digital twin body of the construction tunnel, a virtual model of a physical entity is created through digital driving so as to sense and calculate the real-time running state of the mapped physical entity, and a digital twin intelligent ventilation software module of the construction tunnel is constructed through a virtual simulation technology so as to realize dynamic parallel synchronization and mapping interaction between the physical entity and a visual virtual model.
Preferably, the physical entity domain is a required physical entity device set according to the working condition environment of the construction tunnel, and consists of a programmable controller, an upper computer system, a local ventilation device, a variable frequency controller, a sensor element and a signal transmission device; the digital twin body consists of monitoring data of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system of a construction tunnel, physical entity domain data, visual virtual domain data and fusion data of the monitoring data, the physical entity domain data and the visual virtual domain data after mathematical model and algorithm rule calculation processing, and comprises natural ventilation data, mechanical ventilation data, monitoring and early warning data, intelligent prediction data, safety management data and dynamic regulation and control data; the visual virtual domain reproduces the space structure and the running state of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system for constructing a tunnel in an object entity domain through a visual simulation technology, and consists of a coupling mathematical model expression, a tunnel virtual three-dimensional scene establishment, a ventilation state real-time perception, an equipment fault diagnosis early warning, an intelligent variable-frequency wind regulation algorithm and a ventilation monitoring sample library; the digital twin intelligent ventilation software module of the construction tunnel is responsible for realizing the frequency conversion ventilation of the construction tunnel with natural and mechanical ventilation under the driving of the digital twin, and comprises the following functions: the method comprises the steps of system safety login, natural wind pressure monitoring, environmental parameter monitoring, intelligent variable frequency control of a fan, and system early warning and alarming.
Preferably, the ventilation scheme of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system for the construction tunnel is that the inclined shaft is combined with a horizontal construction tunnel, and the ventilation scheme comprises a supporting device, a fan, an air duct, a horizontal tunnel, a trolley, an inverted arch and an inclined shaft tunnel; the inclined shaft tunnel is connected with the horizontal tunnel; the fan is fixed on the supporting device and connected with the air duct; the trolley and the overhead support are arranged inside the main hole of the horizontal tunnel.
Preferably, the physical entity domain comprises a sensor element, a signal transmission device, an optical transceiver, a programmable controller, a variable frequency controller and an upper computer system, wherein the programmable controller is respectively connected with the variable frequency controller, the upper computer system and the optical transceiver through the signal transmission device; the upper computer system comprises a printer, an upper computer and a display, is arranged outside the tunnel in a monitoring room, and is connected with the programmable controller through the signal transmission device; the optical transceiver is used for transmitting the data information monitored by the sensor element to the programmable controller;
the sensor element is used for realizing the uninterrupted monitoring of the relevant environmental parameters and the natural wind pressure data of the working face and comprises a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and an O 2 Sensor, methane sensor, CO 2 Sensor, NO x A sensor, a dust concentration sensor, a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, O 2 The sensor is arranged at a first preset distance from the air outlet of the air duct, the methane sensor is arranged at a position which is not more than a second preset distance from the top plate, and the CO sensor is arranged at the position of the methane sensor 2 Sensor, said NO x The sensor and the dust concentration sensor are arranged at a third preset distance from the ground.
Preferably, the first preset distance is 10m, the second preset distance is 0.3m, and the third preset distance is 1.5m.
Preferably, the fan control mode of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system for the construction tunnel is air volume closed-loop control, and the specific working process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: continuously monitoring the tunnel construction operation environment in real time through sensor elements arranged in the construction tunnel working face site;
the second step: according to the characteristics of the inclined shaft combined horizontal construction tunnel, natural wind pressure H is adopted N Monitoring data to calculate natural ventilation Q N ：
Tunnel natural wind pressure H N The calculation formula of (2) is formula (1):
H N ＝g∮ρdz+Δp s +Δp v (1)
the first term on the right side in the formula represents the thermal head generated by the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel, the second term is the horizontal air pressure difference between the high point of the inclined shaft outlet and the entrance of the tunnel main tunnel, the third term is the dynamic pressure of the part of the static pressure converted by the atmospheric air flow outside the tunnel air inlet, and the numerical value can be calculated according to the formula (2):
in the formula: Δ p v Is the conversion dynamic pressure of natural wind of the atmosphere, the unit is: pa; v. of a Is the natural wind speed of the atmosphere outside the tunnel, and the unit is as follows: m/s; alpha is an included angle between the natural wind direction of the atmosphere and the central line of the tunnel;
natural ventilation Q N Is determined by natural ventilation pressure and ventilation resistance when pressure loss H = H in the tunnel N Then, the following equation (3) and equation (4) can be used to obtain:
Q N ＝60·A·v (3)
in the formula: q N Is the natural ventilation volume, unit: m is 3 Min; a is the cross-sectional area of the tunnel, unit: m is 2 (ii) a v is the average wind speed in the tunnel, unit: m/s; lambda is the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the tunnel; l is a radical of an alcohol T Is the tunnel length, unit: m; d T Is the equivalent diameter of the tunnel, unit: m; rho is the air density in the tunnel, and the unit is as follows: kg/m 3 ；
The third step: determination of tunnel mechanical ventilation Q through GA-BP network algorithm 0 And judging the natural ventilation direction and the mechanical ventilation direction, and determining the air supply quantity Q of the fan by using a formula (5):
Q＝Q 0 ±Q N (5)
in the formula: if the natural ventilation direction is opposite to the mechanical ventilation direction, taking a plus sign, otherwise taking a minus sign;
the fourth step: transmitting the natural and mechanical ventilation judgment values to a programmable controller, and setting an environment parameter variable and a natural wind pressure threshold range in a variable frequency controller;
fifthly, after the programmable controller carries out logic comparison, converting the analog signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to an upper computer system in a monitoring room so as to realize the control of a frequency conversion circuit and a frequency conversion controller and further realize the regulation of the rotating speed of the fan;
sixthly, when the concentration monitored by any sensor element reaches the preset minimum concentration, sending an instruction to the variable frequency controller to improve the running frequency of the fan, and if the fan frequency reaches the maximum value, still not meeting the requirement, carrying out early warning; on the contrary, along with the reduction of concentration, the frequency of fan operation can be lower and lower, and the amount of wind can be littleer and lower, until the wind speed of tuber pipe export reduces to minimum wind speed set point.
Preferably, the virtual model of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system for the construction tunnel and the parallel synchronization and mapping interaction program of the physical entity are mainly used for controlling automatic frequency conversion, manual frequency conversion and power frequency operation of a tunnel fan and calling subprograms 0-3, so as to realize intelligent frequency conversion control of the fan and early warning and alarming functions of the system, and further achieve the purposes of intelligent wind flow regulation of the physical entity domain and prediction and decision of a visual virtual domain; the subroutines 0 to 3 include: an initialization program 0, a pre-alarm program 1, a monitoring acquisition program 2 and an interruption program 3;
the specific interactive control flow is as follows:
firstly, when a programmable controller executes a main control program, judging whether a tunnel fan automatically operates or not;
secondly, when the fan is in an automatic running state, the programmable controller calls an initialization program 0 and a pre-alarm program 1;
thirdly, if each circuit module in the ventilation system runs abnormally, the main control program is ended; if the circuit module runs normally, calling a monitoring acquisition program 2;
fourthly, setting timed interruption time according to basic information of tunnel construction, and calling an interruption program 3 to realize variable frequency control of the fan;
fifthly, judging whether the concentration monitored by the sensor exceeds the limit and the variable frequency control device fails after the variable frequency control of the fan, calling a pre-alarm program 1 and stopping the control if the concentration exceeds the limit or fails, or normally operating;
and sixthly, when the fan is in a non-automatic running state, judging whether the fan is in an automatic frequency conversion state: if yes, judging whether the variable frequency control device has a fault or not; if not, the main control program judges whether the concentration monitored by the sensor exceeds the limit, if not, the fan enters power frequency operation, and if so, the main control program is ended.
Preferably, the function of the initialization program 0 is to initialize the monitoring concentration parameters of the sensors in the registers, including the average values of harmful gas concentration, dust concentration, oxygen concentration and temperature/humidity; loading the fitted GA-BP neural network fitting formula to a programmable controller, controlling the simulated output voltage through corresponding programming, further initializing an air volume calculation coefficient under the working frequency of the fan, and meanwhile, loading a concentration threshold of the data of the sampling set;
the pre-alarm program 1 is executed after the initialization program 0 is started in the running process of the fan, and whether the initialization program is correct or not is judged through the program, namely whether toxic and harmful gas and dust concentration is set wrongly or not, whether oxygen concentration and temperature and humidity are in a human body comfort range or not and whether faults exist in ventilation equipment or not in the tunnel construction process are judged, wherein the faults include fan faults, frequency converter faults and sensor element faults; if the setting is wrong or the equipment is in failure, the main control program is immediately stopped, and if the setting is normal, the circuit module judgment flow is started;
the monitoring and collecting program 2 is used for collecting harmful gas concentration, dust concentration, oxygen concentration, temperature and humidity in the tunnel construction process, and for reducing errors caused by instability of monitoring data to the maximum extent, data are subjected to accumulated collection for 50 times and an average value is obtained and used as one-time input of sampling set data;
the interruption program 3 is used for realizing the frequency conversion control of the frequency conversion controller on the fan; setting the time of interrupt control to be 500ms according to the actual efficacy of the fan, and calling the interrupt program 3 once every 500 ms; in the interrupt program 3, if the average concentration collected by the register exceeds the limit, popping up a system concentration over-limit early warning interface on the upper computer system and recording corresponding data; if the system concentration does not exceed the limit, the tunnel mechanical ventilation quantity is calculated according to the GA-BP algorithm, the tunnel natural ventilation quantity is calculated according to the natural wind pressure, the relation between the direction of the natural ventilation and the mechanical ventilation and the magnitude of the tunnel supply and demand wind quantity is judged, the related wind quantity value is converted into a digital signal between 0 and 32000, and the digital signal is transmitted to a variable frequency controller, so that the variable frequency control of the fan is realized.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
according to the method, natural wind flow existing in a complex and difficult long-distance construction tunnel is fully utilized, the mechanical ventilation quantity of the tunnel is intelligently predicted in real time and remotely regulated, so that the wind flow field distribution in the tunnel can be optimized, and the energy consumption of a ventilation system can be saved; the digital twinning technology fuses construction tunnel digital information and a physical entity, and dynamic parallel synchronization and mapping interaction of a visual virtual model and a physical equipment entity are realized through data driving and perception calculation; fresh and healthy air can be effectively guaranteed in the tunnel construction environment process, harm of pollutants in the tunnel to the human body is reduced, disturbance and failure rate of equipment coordination are reduced, and safety production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a remote control model of a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled digital twin intelligent ventilation system for a construction tunnel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a preferred example of software modules of a natural and mechanical draft coupled digital twin intelligent ventilation system for a construction tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a display interface of software modules of a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled digital twin intelligent ventilation system for a construction tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic physical entity structure diagram of a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled digital twin intelligent ventilation system for a construction tunnel provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled digital twin intelligent ventilation system for a construction tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a parallel synchronization and mapping interaction process of a virtual model and a physical entity of a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled digital twin intelligent ventilation system for a construction tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an initialization procedure 0 provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the pre-alarm program 1 provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a monitoring and collecting program 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of the interrupt program 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a support device; 2. a fan; 3. an air duct; 4. a horizontal tunnel; 5. a trolley; 6. an inverted arch; 7. a slant well tunnel; 80. a wind speed sensor; 81. a temperature sensor; 82. a humidity sensor; 83. a pressure sensor; 84. o is 2 A sensor; 85. a methane sensor; 86. a CO sensor; 87. CO 2 2 A sensor; 88. NO x A sensor; 89. a dust concentration sensor; 9. an optical transmitter and receiver; 10. a display; 11. a programmable controller; 12. an upper computer; 13. a variable frequency controller; 14. a printer; 15. and a signal transmission device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled digital twin intelligent ventilation method for a construction tunnel, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of constructing a remote control model of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system of a construction tunnel, combining monitoring data information of the construction tunnel with a remote control physical entity, determining mechanical ventilation volume through a GA-BP algorithm, intelligently predicting and regulating the air supply volume of a fan by combining changes of natural air pressure and air direction, and realizing parallel synchronization and mapping interaction between a tunnel virtual model and the physical entity by utilizing a PLC control technology.
According to the method, the natural wind pressure of the tunnel and the environmental parameters of the construction working face are monitored in real time to realize the regulation and control of the wind supply quantity of the fan, and meanwhile, a digital twinning technology is constructed to drive the remote control model of the digital twinning intelligent ventilation system of the construction tunnel, so that the energy consumption of the ventilation system of the construction tunnel can be saved, and the remote intelligent linkage control can be realized.
As shown in fig. 1, the remote control model of the construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation system comprises a physical entity domain, a digital twin body, a visual virtual domain and a construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation software module coupled with natural and mechanical ventilation; the control logic is driven by a digital twin body of the construction tunnel, a virtual model of a physical entity is created through digital driving, the real-time running state of the physical entity is sensed, calculated and mapped, and a digital twin intelligent ventilation software module of the construction tunnel is built through a virtual simulation technology to realize dynamic parallel synchronization and mapping interaction between the physical entity and a visual virtual model.
The physical entity domain is required physical entity equipment which is set according to the working condition environment of the construction tunnel, and consists of a programmable controller, an upper computer system, local ventilation equipment, a variable frequency controller, a sensor element and a signal transmission device; the digital twin body consists of monitoring data of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system of a construction tunnel, physical entity domain data, visual virtual domain data and fusion data of the monitoring data, the physical entity domain data and the visual virtual domain data after mathematical model and algorithm rule calculation processing, and comprises natural ventilation data, mechanical ventilation data, monitoring and early warning data, intelligent prediction data, safety management data and dynamic regulation and control data; the visual virtual domain reproduces the space structure and the running state of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system for constructing the tunnel in the physical domain of the object through a visual simulation technology, and consists of coupled mathematical model expression, tunnel virtual three-dimensional scene establishment, ventilation state real-time perception, equipment fault diagnosis and early warning, an intelligent variable frequency wind regulation algorithm and a ventilation monitoring sample library.
The digital twin intelligent ventilation software module of the construction tunnel is responsible for realizing the frequency conversion ventilation of the construction tunnel with natural and mechanical ventilation under the driving of the digital twin, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the digital twin intelligent ventilation software module of the construction tunnel comprises the following functions: the system has the functions of safe login, natural wind pressure monitoring, environmental parameter monitoring, intelligent variable frequency control of a fan, system early warning and alarming and other functions.
The system safe login function is that users are divided into three levels of a system administrator, an owner administrator and an owner according to different user requirements, and the personnel at different levels have different authorities to the operation of the system; the system administrator has the authority to maintain and debug the system; the home administrator has the right to close/open the program, modify the system control parameters, and inquire and call all data of the database in the system; and the local staff only has the authority of modifying the internal parameters of the construction tunnel and inquiring the related windows and data.
The natural wind pressure monitoring function comprises functional modules such as an inclined shaft ascending tunnel, an inclined shaft descending tunnel, an inclined shaft combined horizontal tunnel and natural wind pressure monitoring data management, and can realize real-time, continuous and dynamic monitoring of natural wind pressure in different seasons, different time periods and different construction periods.
The environment parameter monitoring function is that sensor elements, optical transmitters and receivers and a signal transmission device which are arranged near a tunnel construction working face are used for transmitting sensor data to an upper computer system, so that the monitoring and the monitoring of the working environment are realized.
The intelligent variable frequency control function of the fan is to utilize data monitored by an environmental parameter sensor and combine a GA-BP algorithm built in a system to realize intelligent calculation of mechanical ventilation of the tunnel, and utilize natural wind pressure to realize calculation of natural ventilation of the tunnel; and comparing the air supply and demand according to the tunnel air supply and demand, and further realizing the frequency conversion control of the fan. Through the interface, the running state of the current ventilation system, the control mode of the fan and the air demand and air supply of the tunnel can be displayed, and meanwhile, the running parameters of the fan are monitored in real time.
The system early warning and alarming function is mainly used for prompting the reliability and accuracy of the operation state of the ventilation system of the belonging management personnel or the belonging staff. When the upper computer monitors that the monitoring concentration of each sensor element of the construction tunnel is lower than/exceeds the threshold value, a concentration overrun early warning interface is popped up. And when the upper computer detects that the fan, the variable frequency controller or the sensor element is not in a set range or the running state of the device is unstable, a system fault alarm interface is popped up. If the system early warning or alarm interface is not confirmed or verified all the time, the window can be popped up all the time, and corresponding specific events are automatically recorded.
The other functions comprise historical data query, help and setting and exit, and the historical data query function can realize real-time monitoring of the change of the sensing parameters along with time and query and export of corresponding data; the help and setting mainly comprise tunnel workshop section brief description, help and information, wherein the tunnel workshop section brief description mainly displays basic information of a construction site, the help provides operating instructions of software for users and the like, and the information and contact information of software developers are provided.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the ventilation scheme of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system for the construction tunnel is an inclined shaft combined horizontal construction tunnel, and comprises a supporting device 1, a fan 2, an air duct 3, a horizontal tunnel 4, a trolley 5, an inverted arch 6 and an inclined shaft tunnel 7; the inclined shaft tunnel 7 is connected with the horizontal tunnel 4; the fan 2 is fixed on the supporting device 1, and the fan 2 is connected with the air duct 3; the trolley 5 and the lower support 6 are arranged inside the main hole of the horizontal tunnel 4.
The physical entity domain comprises a sensor element, a signal transmission device 15, an optical transceiver 9, a programmable controller 11, a variable frequency controller 13 and an upper computer system, wherein the programmable controller 11 is respectively connected with the variable frequency controller 13, the upper computer system and the optical transceiver 9 through the signal transmission device 15; the upper computer system comprises a printer 14, an upper computer 12 and a display 10, is arranged outside the tunnel in a monitoring room, and is connected with the programmable controller 11 through a signal transmission device 15; the optical transceiver 9 is used for transmitting data information monitored by the sensor element to the programmable controller 11.
The sensor elements are used for realizing the uninterrupted monitoring of the relevant environmental parameters and the natural wind pressure data of the working face and comprise a wind speed sensor 80, a temperature sensor 81, a humidity sensor 82, a pressure sensor 83 and O 2 Sensor 84, methane sensor 85, CO sensor 86, CO 2 Sensor 87, NO x Sensor 88, dust concentration sensor 89, wind speed sensor 80, temperature sensor 81, humidity sensor 82, pressure sensor 83, O 2 The sensor 84 is arranged at a first preset distance (for example, 10 m) from the air outlet of the air duct 3, the methane sensor 85 is arranged at a distance no more than a second preset distance (for example, 0.3 m) from the top plate, and the CO sensor 86 and the CO are arranged 2 Sensor 87, NO x The sensor 88, the dust concentration sensor 89 are arranged at a third predetermined distance (e.g. 1.5 m) from the ground.
Further, the fan control mode of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system for the construction tunnel is air volume closed-loop control, as shown in fig. 5, the specific working process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: continuously monitoring the tunnel construction operation environment in real time through sensor elements arranged in the construction tunnel working face site;
the second step: according to the characteristics of the inclined shaft combined horizontal construction tunnel, natural wind pressure H is adopted N Monitoring data to calculate natural ventilation Q N ：
Tunnel natural wind pressure H N The calculation formula of (2) is formula (1):
H N ＝g∮ρdz+Δp s +Δp v (1)
the first term on the right side in the formula represents the thermal head generated by the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel, the second term is the horizontal air pressure difference between the high point of the inclined shaft outlet and the entrance of the tunnel main tunnel, the third term is the dynamic pressure of the part of static pressure converted from the atmospheric air flow outside the tunnel air inlet, and the numerical value can be calculated according to the formula (2):
in the formula: Δ p v Is the conversion dynamic pressure of natural wind of the atmosphere, the unit is: pa; v. of a Is the natural wind speed of the atmosphere outside the tunnel, and the unit is as follows: m/s; alpha is an included angle between the natural wind direction of the atmosphere and the central line of the tunnel;
natural ventilation Q N Is determined by natural ventilation pressure and ventilation resistance, when pressure loss in the tunnel is H = H N Then, the following equation (3) and equation (4) can be used to obtain:
Q N ＝60·A·v (3)
in the formula: q N Is the natural ventilation volume, unit: m is a unit of 3 Min; a is the cross-sectional area of the tunnel, unit: m is 2 (ii) a v is the average wind speed in the tunnel, unit: m/s; lambda is the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the tunnel; l is a radical of an alcohol T Is the tunnel length, unit: m; d is a radical of T Is the equivalent diameter of the tunnel, unit: m; rho is the air density in the tunnel, and the unit is as follows: kg/m 3 ；
The third step: determination of tunnel mechanical ventilation Q through GA-BP network algorithm 0 And judging the natural ventilation direction and the mechanical ventilation direction, and determining the air supply quantity Q of the fan by using a formula (5):
Q＝Q 0 ±Q N (5)
in the formula: if the natural ventilation direction is opposite to the mechanical ventilation direction, taking "+", otherwise, taking "-";
the fourth step: transmitting the natural and mechanical ventilation judgment values to a programmable controller, and setting an environment parameter variable and a natural wind pressure threshold range in a variable frequency controller;
fifthly, after the programmable controller performs logic comparison, converting the analog signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to an upper computer system in a monitoring room so as to realize the control of a frequency conversion circuit and a frequency conversion controller and further realize the regulation of the rotating speed of the fan;
sixthly, when the concentration monitored by any sensor element reaches the preset minimum concentration, sending an instruction to the variable frequency controller to improve the running frequency of the fan, and if the fan frequency reaches the maximum value and cannot meet the requirement, giving an early warning; on the contrary, along with the reduction of concentration, the frequency of fan operation can be lower and lower, and the amount of wind can be littleer and smaller, until the wind speed of tuber pipe export reduces to minimum wind speed set point.
Furthermore, the virtual model of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system for the construction tunnel and the parallel synchronization and mapping interaction program of the physical entity are mainly used for controlling automatic frequency conversion, manual frequency conversion and power frequency operation of a tunnel fan and calling subprograms 0-3, so as to realize intelligent frequency conversion control of the fan and the functions of system early warning and alarming, and further achieve the purposes of intelligent wind flow regulation and control of the physical entity domain and prediction and decision of the visual virtual domain; the subprograms 0 to 3 include: an initialization program 0, a pre-alarm program 1, a monitoring acquisition program 2 and an interruption program 3;
as shown in fig. 6, the specific interaction control flow is as follows:
firstly, when a programmable controller executes a main control program, judging whether a tunnel fan automatically operates or not;
secondly, when the fan is in an automatic running state, the programmable controller calls an initialization program 0 and a pre-alarm program 1;
thirdly, if each circuit module in the ventilation system runs abnormally, the main control program is ended; if the circuit module runs normally, calling a monitoring acquisition program 2;
fourthly, setting timed interruption time according to basic information of tunnel construction, and calling an interruption program 3 to realize variable frequency control of the fan;
fifthly, judging whether the concentration monitored by the sensor exceeds the limit or not and whether the variable frequency control device fails or not after the variable frequency control of the fan, if the concentration exceeds the limit or fails, calling a pre-alarm program 1 and stopping the control, otherwise, normally operating;
and sixthly, when the fan is in a non-automatic running state, judging whether the fan is in an automatic frequency conversion state: if yes, judging whether the variable frequency control device has a fault; if not, the main control program judges whether the concentration monitored by the sensor exceeds the limit, if not, the fan enters power frequency operation, and if so, the main control program is ended.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of an initialization routine 0, the function of the initialization routine 0 being to initialize the sensor monitoring concentration parameters in the register, including the average values of the harmful gas concentration, the dust concentration, the oxygen concentration, and the temperature/humidity; and loading the fitted GA-BP neural network fitting formula to a programmable controller, controlling the simulated output voltage through corresponding programming, further initializing the air volume calculation coefficient under the working frequency of the fan, and simultaneously loading the concentration threshold of the sampling set data.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of the pre-alarm program 1, where the pre-alarm program 1 is executed after the initialization program 0 is started during the operation of the fan, and the program is used to determine whether the initialization program is correct, that is, whether the toxic and harmful gas and dust concentrations are set incorrectly in the tunnel construction process, whether the oxygen concentration and the temperature and humidity are within the human comfort range, and whether the ventilation equipment has faults, including fan faults, converter faults, and sensor element faults; if the setting is wrong or the equipment is in failure, the main control program stops immediately, and if the setting is normal, the circuit module judgment flow is started.
Fig. 9 is a flowchart of the monitoring and collecting program 2, and the monitoring and collecting program 2 is used for collecting harmful gas concentration, dust concentration, oxygen concentration, temperature, and humidity existing in the tunnel construction process, and for minimizing errors caused by instability of the monitoring data, performing 50 times of accumulated collection on the data and calculating an average value as one input of the sampling set data.
Fig. 10 is a flowchart of an interrupt routine 3, where the interrupt routine 3 is used for implementing the variable frequency control of the variable frequency controller on the fan; setting the time of interrupt control to be 500ms according to the actual efficacy of the fan, and calling the interrupt program 3 once every 500 ms; in the interrupt program 3, if the average concentration collected by the register exceeds the limit, popping up a system concentration exceeding early warning interface on an upper computer system and recording corresponding data; if the system concentration does not exceed the limit, the tunnel mechanical ventilation volume is calculated according to the GA-BP algorithm, the tunnel natural ventilation volume is calculated according to the natural wind pressure, the relation between the direction of the natural ventilation and the mechanical ventilation and the magnitude of the tunnel air supply and demand volume is judged, the related air volume value is converted into a digital signal between 0 and 32000, and the digital signal is transmitted to a variable frequency controller, so that the variable frequency control of the fan is realized.
In conclusion, the method makes full use of natural wind flow existing in the complex and difficult long-distance construction tunnel, intelligently predicts and remotely regulates the mechanical ventilation quantity of the tunnel in real time, optimizes the wind flow field distribution in the tunnel and saves the energy consumption of a ventilation system; the digital twinning technology fuses construction tunnel digital information and a physical entity, and dynamic parallel synchronization and mapping interaction of a visual virtual model and a physical equipment entity are realized through data driving and perception calculation; fresh and healthy air in the tunnel construction environment process can be effectively guaranteed, harm of pollutants in the tunnel to a human body is reduced, disturbance and failure rate of equipment coordination are reduced, and safety production efficiency is improved.
It should be noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an example embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but every embodiment may not necessarily include the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the relevant art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
In general, terms may be understood, at least in part, from their use in context. For example, the term "one or more" as used herein may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular or may be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural, depending at least in part on the context. Additionally, the term "based on" may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but may instead allow for the presence of other factors not necessarily explicitly described, depending at least in part on the context.
As used herein, the term "nominal" refers to a desired or target value, and a range of values above and/or below the desired value, of a characteristic or parameter set during a design phase of a production or manufacturing process for a component or process operation. The range of values may be due to slight variations in manufacturing processes or tolerances. As used herein, the term "about" indicates a value of a given amount that may vary based on the particular technology node associated with the subject semiconductor device. The term "about" may indicate a value of a given quantity that varies, for example, within 5% -15% (e.g., ± 5%, ± 10% or ± 15% of the value) based on the particular technology node.
It is understood that the meaning of "on … …", "above … …" and "above … …" in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest manner such that "on … …" means not only "directly on" something "but also includes the meaning of" on "something with intervening features or layers in between, and" on … … "or" above … … "means not only the meaning of" on "or" above "something, but may also include the meaning of" on "or" above "something without intervening features or layers in between.
Furthermore, spatially relative terms such as "below …", "below …", "lower", "above …", "upper", and the like may be used herein for descriptive convenience to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature, as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. The device may be otherwise oriented and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and the like have not been described in detail as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by relevant hardware instructed by a program, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as: ROM/RAM, magnetic disks, optical disks, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A natural and mechanical ventilation coupled construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: constructing a remote control model of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system of a construction tunnel, combining monitoring data information of the construction tunnel with a remote control physical entity, determining mechanical ventilation volume through a GA-BP algorithm, intelligently predicting and regulating the air supply volume of a fan by combining the changes of natural air pressure and air direction, and realizing parallel synchronization and mapping interaction between a tunnel virtual model and the physical entity by utilizing a PLC control technology;
the fan control mode of the digital twin intelligent ventilation system for the construction tunnel is air volume closed-loop control, and the specific working process is as follows:
the first step is as follows: continuously monitoring the tunnel construction operation environment in real time through sensor elements arranged in the construction tunnel working face site;
the second step: according to the characteristics of the inclined shaft combined horizontal construction tunnel, natural wind pressure H is adopted N Monitoring data to calculate natural ventilation Q N ：
Tunnel natural wind pressure H N The calculation formula of (2) is formula (1):
H N ＝g∮ρd Z +Δp s +Δp v (1)
the first term on the right side in the formula represents the thermal head generated by the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the tunnel, the second term is the horizontal air pressure difference between the high point of the inclined shaft outlet and the entrance of the tunnel main tunnel, the third term is the dynamic pressure of the part of the static pressure converted by the atmospheric air flow outside the tunnel air inlet, and the numerical value can be calculated according to the formula (2):
in the formula: Δ p of v Is the conversion dynamic pressure of natural wind in the atmosphere, unit: pa; v. of a Is the natural wind speed of the atmosphere outside the tunnel, and the unit is as follows: m/s; alpha is an included angle between the natural wind direction of the atmosphere and the central line of the tunnel;
natural ventilation Q N Is determined by natural ventilation pressure and ventilation resistance when pressure loss H = H in the tunnel N Then, the following equations (3) and (4) can be obtained:
Q N ＝60·A·v (3)
in the formula: q N Is the natural ventilation volume, unit: m is a unit of 3 Min; a is the cross-sectional area of the tunnel, unit: m is 2 (ii) a v is the average wind speed in the tunnel, unit: m/s; lambda is the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the tunnel; l is a radical of an alcohol T Is the tunnel length, unit: m; d is a radical of T Is the equivalent diameter of the tunnel, unit: m; rho is the air density in the tunnel, and the unit is as follows: kg/m 3 ；
The third step: determining tunnels through GA-BP network algorithmMechanical ventilation Q 0 And judging the natural ventilation direction and the mechanical ventilation direction, and determining the air supply quantity Q of the fan by using a formula (5):
Q＝Q 0 ±Q N (5)
in the formula: if the natural ventilation direction is opposite to the mechanical ventilation direction, taking "+", otherwise, taking "-";
the fourth step: transmitting the natural and mechanical ventilation judgment values to a programmable controller, and setting an environment parameter variable and a natural wind pressure threshold range in a variable frequency controller;
fifthly, after the programmable controller performs logic comparison, converting the analog signal into a digital signal and transmitting the digital signal to an upper computer system in a monitoring room so as to realize the control of a frequency conversion circuit and a frequency conversion controller and further realize the regulation of the rotating speed of the fan;
sixthly, when the concentration monitored by any sensor element reaches the preset minimum concentration, sending an instruction to the variable frequency controller to improve the running frequency of the fan, and if the fan frequency reaches the maximum value, still not meeting the requirement, carrying out early warning; on the contrary, along with the reduction of concentration, the frequency of fan operation can be lower and lower, and the amount of wind can be littleer and smaller, until the wind speed of tuber pipe export reduces to minimum wind speed set point.
2. The construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method according to claim 1, wherein the construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation system remote control model comprises a physical entity domain, a digital twin, a visual virtual domain and a natural and mechanical ventilation coupled construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation software module; the control logic is driven by a digital twin body of the construction tunnel, a virtual model of a physical entity is created through digital driving so as to sense and calculate the real-time running state of the mapped physical entity, and a digital twin intelligent ventilation software module of the construction tunnel is constructed through a virtual simulation technology so as to realize dynamic parallel synchronization and mapping interaction between the physical entity and a visual virtual model.
3. The construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method according to claim 2, wherein the physical entity domain is a required physical entity device set according to a construction tunnel working condition environment, and is composed of a programmable controller, an upper computer system, a local ventilation device, a variable frequency controller, a sensor element and a signal transmission device; the digital twin body consists of monitoring data of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system of a construction tunnel, physical entity domain data, visual virtual domain data and fusion data of the monitoring data, the physical entity domain data and the visual virtual domain data after mathematical model and algorithm rule calculation processing, and comprises natural ventilation data, mechanical ventilation data, monitoring and early warning data, intelligent prediction data, safety management data and dynamic regulation and control data; the visual virtual domain reproduces the space structure and the running state of a digital twin intelligent ventilation system for constructing a tunnel in an object entity domain through a visual simulation technology and consists of a coupling mathematical model expression, a tunnel virtual three-dimensional scene establishment, ventilation state real-time perception, equipment fault diagnosis early warning, an intelligent variable-frequency wind regulation algorithm and a ventilation monitoring sample library; the digital twin intelligent ventilation software module of the construction tunnel is responsible for realizing the frequency conversion ventilation of the construction tunnel with natural and mechanical ventilation under the driving of the digital twin, and comprises the following functions: the method comprises the steps of system safety login, natural wind pressure monitoring, environmental parameter monitoring, intelligent variable frequency control of a fan, and system early warning and alarming.
4. The construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method according to claim 3, wherein the ventilation scheme of the construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation system is a slant well combined horizontal construction tunnel, comprising a support device, a fan, an air duct, a horizontal tunnel, a trolley, an inverted arch and a slant well tunnel; the inclined shaft tunnel is connected with the horizontal tunnel; the fan is fixed on the supporting device and connected with the air duct; the trolley and the overhead support are arranged inside the main hole of the horizontal tunnel.
5. The digital twin intelligent ventilation method for the construction tunnel according to claim 4, wherein the physical entity domain comprises a sensor element, a signal transmission device, an optical transceiver, a programmable controller, a variable frequency controller and an upper computer system, wherein the programmable controller is respectively connected with the variable frequency controller, the upper computer system and the optical transceiver through the signal transmission device; the upper computer system comprises a printer, an upper computer and a display, is arranged in a monitoring room outside the tunnel and is connected with the programmable controller through the signal transmission device; the optical transceiver is used for transmitting the data information monitored by the sensor element to the programmable controller;
the sensor element is used for realizing the uninterrupted monitoring of the relevant environmental parameters and the natural wind pressure data of the working face and comprises a wind speed sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and an O 2 Sensor, methane sensor, CO 2 Sensor, NO x Sensor, dust concentration sensor, said wind speed sensor, said temperature sensor, said humidity sensor, said pressure sensor, said O 2 The sensor is arranged at a first preset distance from the air outlet of the air duct, the methane sensor is arranged at a distance not more than a second preset distance from the top plate, and the CO sensor is arranged at the position of the air outlet of the air duct 2 Sensor, said NO x The sensor and the dust concentration sensor are arranged at a third preset distance from the ground.
6. The construction tunnel digital twin intelligent ventilation method according to claim 5, wherein the first preset distance is 10m, the second preset distance is 0.3m, and the third preset distance is 1.5m.
7. The intelligent ventilation method for the digital twin of the construction tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the parallel synchronization and mapping interaction program of the virtual model and the physical entity of the intelligent ventilation system for the digital twin of the construction tunnel is mainly used for controlling the automatic frequency conversion, the manual frequency conversion and the power frequency operation of a tunnel fan and calling subprograms 0-3, so as to realize the intelligent frequency conversion control of the fan and the early warning and alarming functions of the system, and further achieve the purposes of intelligent regulation and control of the wind flow of the physical entity domain and prediction and decision of the visual virtual domain; the subroutines 0 to 3 include: an initialization program 0, a pre-alarm program 1, a monitoring acquisition program 2 and an interruption program 3;
the specific interactive control flow is as follows:
firstly, when a programmable controller executes a main control program, judging whether a tunnel fan automatically operates or not;
secondly, when the fan is in an automatic running state, the programmable controller calls an initialization program 0 and a pre-alarm program 1;
thirdly, if each circuit module in the ventilation system runs abnormally, the main control program is ended; if the circuit module runs normally, calling a monitoring acquisition program 2;
fourthly, setting the timed interruption time according to the basic information of the tunnel construction, and calling an interruption program 3 to realize the frequency conversion control of the fan;
fifthly, judging whether the concentration monitored by the sensor exceeds the limit or not and whether the variable frequency control device fails or not after the variable frequency control of the fan, if the concentration exceeds the limit or fails, calling a pre-alarm program 1 and stopping the control, otherwise, normally operating;
and sixthly, when the fan is in a non-automatic running state, judging whether the fan is in an automatic frequency conversion state: if yes, judging whether the variable frequency control device has a fault; if not, the main control program judges whether the concentration monitored by the sensor exceeds the limit, if not, the fan enters power frequency operation, and if so, the main control program is ended.
8. The digital twin intelligent ventilation method for a construction tunnel according to claim 7,
the initialization program 0 is used for initializing the monitoring concentration parameters of the sensors in the register, including the initialization of the average values of harmful gas concentration, dust concentration, oxygen concentration and temperature/humidity; loading the fitted GA-BP neural network fitting formula to a programmable controller, controlling the simulated output voltage through corresponding programming, further initializing an air volume calculation coefficient under the working frequency of the fan, and simultaneously loading a concentration threshold of sampling set data;
the pre-alarm program 1 is executed after the initialization program 0 is started in the running process of the fan, and whether the initialization program is correct or not is judged through the program, namely whether toxic and harmful gas and dust concentration is set wrongly or not, whether oxygen concentration and temperature and humidity are in a human body comfort range or not and whether faults exist in ventilation equipment or not in the tunnel construction process are judged, wherein the faults include fan faults, frequency converter faults and sensor element faults; if setting errors or equipment faults exist, the main control program stops immediately, and if the setting is normal, the circuit module judgment flow is started;
the monitoring and collecting program 2 is used for collecting harmful gas concentration, dust concentration, oxygen concentration, temperature and humidity in the tunnel construction process, and for reducing errors caused by instability of monitoring data to the maximum extent, data are subjected to accumulated collection for 50 times and an average value is obtained to be used as one-time input of sampling set data;
the interruption program 3 is used for realizing the frequency conversion control of the frequency conversion controller on the fan; setting the time of interruption control to be 500ms according to the actual efficacy of the fan, and calling an interruption program 3 every 500 ms; in the interrupt program 3, if the average concentration collected by the register exceeds the limit, popping up a system concentration over-limit early warning interface on the upper computer system and recording corresponding data; if the system concentration does not exceed the limit, the tunnel mechanical ventilation volume is calculated according to the GA-BP algorithm, the tunnel natural ventilation volume is calculated according to the natural wind pressure, the relation between the direction of the natural ventilation and the mechanical ventilation and the magnitude of the tunnel air supply and demand volume is judged, the related air volume value is converted into a digital signal between 0 and 32000, and the digital signal is transmitted to a variable frequency controller, so that the variable frequency control of the fan is realized.
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