Offshore construction method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge pile foundation reinforcement engineering, in particular to an offshore construction method.
Background
And a pile foundation is arranged below the bridge pier to bear the load transmitted by the superstructure and transmit the load to the foundation. When the bridge is the cross-sea bridge, the pile foundation is located at the sea, and in order to prevent that the pile foundation from being washed and leading to bearing capacity to descend, the seabed that is washed near the pile foundation needs to be consolidated usually.
In the prior art, construction is usually carried out on a ship, specifically, a ship body is anchored at a corresponding position on the sea, then a pipeline is pulled to an approximate position for construction, in order to prevent collision, the ship body and the pipeline need to keep a sufficient safe distance, so that the ship body and the pipeline are very easily influenced by sea waves during construction to swing to a certain extent, construction quality and efficiency are influenced, and secondary influence is easily caused by collision with a pile foundation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that a ship body and a pipeline are easily influenced by sea waves to generate certain swing during construction in the prior art, and provides an offshore construction method.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
an offshore construction method is used for reinforcing a bridge pile foundation, and comprises the following steps:
s1, installing an offshore operation platform on the overwater structure of the bridge, and fixedly connecting the offshore operation platform to the overwater structure;
s2, installing a guide frame on the offshore operation platform, and lowering the guide frame into the sea;
s3, lowering the construction pipeline into the sea in the guide frame;
and S4, injecting a reinforcing material into the construction pipeline.
In this scheme, the leading truck in the direct sea of installation on marine operation platform, the construction pipeline transfers through the leading truck, like this when constructor is under construction on marine operation platform, the construction pipeline can not receive the influence of wave and take place the swing, thereby, on the one hand, the constructor of being convenient for when the construction confirms the position of transferring of construction pipeline, avoided leading to the position mistake of transferring of construction pipeline because of the influence that the wave erodees, and then avoided the not good condition of reinforcement effect of pile foundation, be favorable to improving construction quality and efficiency, on the other hand, marine operation platform and construction pipeline also can not bump with the pile foundation and cause bridge construction's damage.
Preferably, the offshore operation platform comprises a plurality of construction frames for construction, a connecting frame for connecting the above-water structure and at least two supporting beams for supporting the construction frames and the connecting frame; the step S1 includes:
s11, arranging the support beams on two sides of the above-water structure, and fixedly installing the support beams on the above-water structure;
s12, mounting the connecting frame on the supporting beam;
s13, a plurality of the construction frame is installed on the supporting beam, and the two ends of the construction frame are respectively connected with the supporting beam at the two sides.
In this scheme, according to above-mentioned step installation offshore operation platform, can avoid a supporting beam, mutual interference between link and the scaffold, be favorable to improving the orderliness of offshore operation platform installation, and then improve the installation effectiveness.
Preferably, the connecting frame is installed around a bridge pier, and the connecting frame includes a first beam having the same extending direction as the supporting beam and a second beam perpendicular to the extending direction of the supporting beam, and in step S12, the connecting frame is installed by first installing the second beam to the supporting beam and then installing the first beam to the supporting beam;
and/or the connecting frame is arranged in the middle of the supporting beam along the length direction of the supporting beam, and a plurality of construction frames are respectively arranged at two ends of the supporting beam; in step S13, the scaffold is installed adjacent to the connector, and then the scaffold is installed away from the connector.
In the scheme, the second beam is arranged on the supporting beam, and then the first beam is arranged on the supporting beam, so that the mounting efficiency is improved, and the material is saved;
the scaffold close to the connecting frame is installed firstly, and then the scaffold far away from the connecting frame is installed, so that the orderliness of installation is improved, and the installation efficiency is improved.
Preferably, in step S13, a plurality of the scaffolds are spaced apart, and the space between adjacent scaffolds is used for installing the guiding frame.
In this scheme, constructor can be under construction to leading truck and construction pipeline in the middle interval on the scaffold of both sides, is favorable to improving the efficiency and the convenience of construction.
Preferably, the step S1 further includes:
s14, installing at least one connecting beam in the interval of the adjacent construction frame, wherein the two ends of the connecting beam are respectively connected with the adjacent construction frame.
In this scheme, through the installation tie-beam, avoided constructor to need additionally to transfer the point to every before the construction and measure the location, further improved the efficiency of construction.
Preferably, in step S14, the connection beam divides the space into at least two lowering points, both ends of the connection beam are detachably connected to the construction frames at both sides, respectively,
or the like, or, alternatively,
one end of the connecting beam is rotatably connected to the scaffold, and the other end of the connecting beam is detachably connected to the adjacent other scaffold.
In this scheme, because the length of leading truck is very long, accomplish the construction back of a department, can dismantle the tie-beam get off, directly transversely will construct pipeline and leading truck and remove to the next point of transferring that is located same interval, avoided upwards lifting construction pipeline and leading truck to transfer the operation again, improved the efficiency of construction.
Preferably, the step S1 further includes:
and S15, installing a fixing device for fixing the guide frame on one side of the scaffold facing the gap.
Preferably, at least two piers are arranged along the width direction of the bridge, and each pier is provided with the offshore operation platform; the step S1 further includes:
and S16, installing a man-way frame between the adjacent offshore operation platforms.
In this scheme, constructor can move between two offshore operation platforms through the people's frame, has further improved the efficiency of construction.
Preferably, the guide frame comprises a plurality of segments; the step S2 includes:
s21, lowering the first section to a preset height, and fixedly connecting the first section to the offshore operation platform;
s22, fixedly connecting the bottom of the second segment to the top of the first segment;
s23, lowering the second segment to a preset height, and fixedly connecting the second segment to the offshore operation platform;
s24, repeating the steps S21-S23 until the last section is lowered to the preset height;
and S25, fixedly connecting the last segment to the offshore operation platform.
In this scheme, because the very long and weight of length of leading truck is heavier, based on the limited problem of marine construction equipment, divide into a plurality of sections with the leading truck and transfer in proper order, effectively reduced the construction degree of difficulty.
Preferably, the offshore operation platform is provided with a fixing device to fixedly connect the guide frame to the offshore operation platform, the fixing device comprises at least two horizontal limiting beams, at least one vertical limiting beam and a plurality of jacking assemblies, the horizontal limiting beams are respectively arranged on two sides of the guide frame, the jacking assemblies are matched with the horizontal limiting beams to limit the horizontal displacement of the guide frame, and the vertical limiting beams horizontally penetrate through the guide frame and are erected on the offshore operation platform or a bearing structure on the offshore operation platform to limit the vertical displacement of the guide frame.
In this scheme, above-mentioned fixing device can realize simultaneously vertically and the level to spacing to be convenient for install, be convenient for operate.
Preferably, the offshore construction method further comprises:
s5, after construction at one place is completed, moving the guide frame and the construction pipeline to another lowering point;
s6, injecting construction materials into the construction pipeline;
s7, repeating the steps S5-S6 until the construction of all the lowering points is completed;
and S8, dismantling the construction pipeline, the guide frame and the offshore operation platform according to the reverse order of the installation order.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the guide frame which is directly communicated with the sea is arranged on the offshore operation platform, and the construction pipeline is lowered through the guide frame, so that when a constructor constructs on the offshore operation platform, the construction pipeline cannot swing under the influence of sea waves, therefore, on one hand, the constructor can conveniently determine the lowering position of the construction pipeline during construction, the lowering position error of the construction pipeline caused by the influence of sea wave scouring is avoided, the condition of poor reinforcing effect of a pile foundation is further avoided, the construction quality and efficiency are improved, and on the other hand, the offshore operation platform and the construction pipeline cannot collide with the pile foundation to cause the damage of a bridge structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first flow chart of the offshore construction method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a second flow chart of the offshore construction method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of an offshore platform according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of a bridge structure and an offshore work platform according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
Offshore work platform 100
Lowering point 1
Guide frame 2
Supporting beam 3
Scaffold 4
Spacer 41
Connecting beam 42
Fastening device 5
Connecting frame 6
Second beam 61
First beam 62
Pedestrian frame 7
Pile foundation 8
Bridge pier 9
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 to 4 are combined for understanding, wherein fig. 3 omits a left bridge structure to clearly show the structure of the offshore working platform 100, only a part of the fixing device 5 is shown in fig. 3, and only a section of the guide frame 2 is shown in fig. 4.
The embodiment discloses an offshore construction method, which utilizes an offshore operation platform 100 and a guide frame 2 to cooperate for construction so as to reinforce a pile foundation 8 of a bridge. Before the offshore construction method is disclosed, the structure of the offshore operation platform 100 will be described in detail.
The offshore operation platform 100 comprises two supporting beams 3 and a plurality of construction frames 4, the supporting beams 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of a pier 9 and fixedly connected to the top surface of a pile foundation 8, and two ends of the plurality of construction frames 4 are respectively connected to the supporting beams 3 on two sides, so that the stability of the construction frames 4 is improved, and the construction safety is further improved. Wherein the support beam 3 of each side comprises a plurality of segments, which are connected in sequence to form an elongated support beam 3. So on the one hand be convenient for marine transportation and transport, on the other hand, according to the not unidimensional of different bridges, can be through changing the bridge of section number in order to adapt to different bridges, the commonality is better. In the present embodiment, the support beam 3 includes three segments.
In this embodiment, the interval sets up between a plurality of scaffold 4, and a plurality of are transferred and are put 1 and set up in the interval 41 between adjacent scaffold 4, and constructor can be under construction to leading truck 2 and the construction pipeline in the interval 41 in the middle of on the scaffold 4 of both sides, is favorable to improving the efficiency and the convenience of construction. In order to further improve the efficiency of construction, avoid constructor to need additionally to transfer every before the construction and put a 1 and measure the location, still be equipped with at least one tie-beam 42 in interval 41, the both ends of tie-beam 42 are connected respectively in adjacent scaffold 4, and tie-beam 42 separates interval 41 for two at least and transfer a 1.
Wherein, the both ends of tie-beam 42 are detachably connected in the scaffold 4 of both sides respectively, or the one end of tie-beam 42 can rotate to be connected in scaffold 4, the other end detachably of tie-beam 42 connects in adjacent another scaffold 4, thereby accomplish the construction back of a department, can dismantle tie-beam 42, directly transversely remove construction pipeline and leading truck 2 to the next that is located same interval 41 and transfer point 1, avoided upwards lifting the operation of transferring again of construction pipeline and leading truck 2, the efficiency of construction has been improved.
The fixing device 5 is arranged on one side of the scaffold 4 facing the space 41, and the guide frame 2 is fixed on the offshore operation platform 100 through the fixing device 5, so that the guide frame 2 is prevented from shaking under the influence of sea wave scouring. When the guide frame 2 needs to be moved, the restriction of the guide frame 2 by the fixing device 5 may be released. Specifically, fixing device 5 includes two at least horizontal spacing roof beams, at least one vertical spacing roof beam and a plurality of jacking subassembly, and horizontal spacing roof beam sets up respectively in the both sides of leading truck 2, and the horizontal displacement of leading truck 2 is in order to inject with the cooperation of horizontal spacing roof beam to jacking subassembly, and vertical spacing roof beam level passes leading truck 2 and sets up the bearing structure on offshore operation platform 100 or offshore operation platform 100 in order to inject the vertical displacement of leading truck 2. In this embodiment, the jacking assembly is a jack. In other embodiments, the jacking assembly may be other equipment having a jacking function, such as hydraulic jacking equipment.
The offshore operation platform 100 further comprises a connecting frame 6, the connecting frame 6 is arranged around the bridge pier 9, and two ends of the connecting frame 6 are respectively connected to the supporting beams 3 on two sides, so that the connecting portion provides another connecting point of the offshore operation platform 100 and the bridge, and the offshore operation platform 100 is further stable. Specifically, the connecting frame 6 includes a first beam 62 extending in the same direction as the support beam 3 and a second beam 61 extending perpendicular to the support beam 3, and the length of the first beam 62 is smaller than that of the second beam 61.
Along the length direction of the supporting beam 3, a plurality of construction frames 4 are respectively arranged at two ends of the supporting beam 3, and a connecting part is arranged in the middle of the supporting beam 3. At least two piers 9 are arranged along the width direction of the bridge, an offshore operation platform 100 is arranged at each pier 9, a pedestrian frame 7 is further arranged on the offshore operation platform 100, and two ends of the pedestrian frame 7 are respectively connected with the offshore operation platforms 100 on two sides.
The offshore construction method is used for reinforcing the bridge pile foundation 8 by utilizing the offshore operation platform 100, and comprises the following steps: s1, installing the offshore operation platform 100 on the overwater structure of the bridge, and fixedly connecting the offshore operation platform 100 to the overwater structure; s2, installing the guide frame 2 on the offshore operation platform 100, and lowering the guide frame 2 to the sea; s3, lowering the construction pipeline into the sea from the guide frame 2; and S4, injecting a reinforcing material into the construction pipeline. In this embodiment, the reinforcement material is a cured slurry.
Install leading truck 2 in the through sea on offshore operation platform 100, the construction pipeline transfers through leading truck 2, constructor is when being under construction on offshore operation platform 100 like this, offshore operation platform 100 and construction pipeline can not receive the influence of wave and take place the swing, thereby, on the one hand, the constructor of being convenient for confirms the position of transferring of construction pipeline when the construction, avoided leading to the position error of transferring of construction pipeline because of the influence that the wave erodeed, and then avoided the not good condition of reinforcement effect of pile foundation 8, be favorable to improving construction quality and efficiency, on the other hand, offshore operation platform 100 and construction pipeline also can not collide with pile foundation 8 and cause the damage of bridge construction.
Wherein, step S1 includes: s11, arranging the support beams 3 on two sides of the water structure, and fixedly mounting the support beams 3 on the water structure; s12, mounting the connecting frame 6 on the supporting beam 3; s13, a plurality of scaffolds 4 are mounted on the support beams 3, and both ends of the scaffolds 4 are connected to the support beams 3 on both sides, respectively. The offshore operation platform 100 is installed according to the steps, mutual interference among the supporting beam 3, the connecting frame 6 and the construction frame 4 can be avoided, the installation orderliness of the offshore operation platform 100 can be improved, and the installation efficiency can be further improved.
When the support beam 3 includes a plurality of segments, the support beam 3 in this embodiment includes three segments, and when the installation is performed, a segment located in the middle is first installed in the bridge above-water structure, the connecting frame 6 is then installed in the middle segment of the support beam 3, the remaining two segments of the support beam 3 are then installed on both sides of the middle segment, and finally the construction frame 4 is installed in the two segments on both sides of the support beam 3.
Because the connecting frame 6 comprises the first beam 62 and the second beam 61 with different lengths and different orientations, when the connecting frame 6 is installed, the second beam 61 is installed on the supporting beam 3, and then the first beam 62 is installed on the supporting beam 3, so that the installation efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the material saving is facilitated.
Because along a supporting beam 3's length direction, a connecting frame 6 is installed at a supporting beam 3's mid-mounting, and a plurality of scaffold 4 are installed respectively at a supporting beam 3's both ends, when the installation, install earlier scaffold 4 that is close to connecting frame 6, install scaffold 4 who keeps away from connecting frame 6 again to be favorable to improving the orderliness of installation, and then improve the installation effectiveness.
After the installation of the scaffold 4 is completed, the step S1 further includes: s14, installing at least one connection beam 42 in the space 41 of the adjacent scaffold 4, and connecting both ends of the connection beam 42 to the adjacent scaffold 4, respectively. S15, a fixing device 5 for fixing the guide frame 2 is installed on the side of the scaffold 4 facing the space 41. And S16, installing the man-way frame 7 between the adjacent offshore operation platforms 100. It is of course also possible to install the people mover 7 first and then the fixing device 5.
After accomplishing the installation of offshore operation platform 100, will carry out the step of transferring of leading truck 2, leading truck 2 transfers to the sea from transferring 1, because the very long and weight of length of leading truck 2 is heavier, in order to reduce the construction degree of difficulty, this embodiment is divided into a plurality of sections with leading truck 2 and is transferred in proper order. Specifically, step S2 includes: s21, lowering the first section to a preset height, and fixedly connecting the first section to the offshore operation platform 100 through the fixing device 5; s22, fixedly connecting the bottom of the second segment to the top of the first segment; s23, releasing the fixing device 5, lowering the second segment to a preset height, and fixedly connecting the second segment to the offshore operation platform 100 through the fixing device 5; s24, repeating the steps S21-S23 until the last section is lowered to the preset height; s25, fixedly connecting the last segment to the offshore work platform 100 by the fixing device 5.
Wherein, the step of the fixed leading truck 2 of fixing device 5 specifically is: 2 a festival section of leading truck transfer to predetermineeing the high back, earlier transversely insert leading truck 2 with vertical spacing roof beam and realize 2 vertical spacing of leading truck, recycle the spacing roof beam of jacking subassembly jacking level and make the spacing roof beam butt of level in order to realize the level to spacing in the both sides of leading truck 2. When the fixing device 5 is released, the jacking assembly retracts first to release horizontal limit, and then the vertical limit beam is taken down to release vertical limit.
After step S4 is completed, the offshore construction method further includes: s5, after the construction of one place is finished, moving the guide frame 2 and the construction pipeline to another lowering point 1; s6, injecting construction materials into the construction pipeline; s7, repeating the steps S5-S6 until the construction of all the lowering points 1 is completed; and S8, dismantling the construction pipeline, the guide frame 2 and the offshore operation platform 100 according to the reverse order of the installation order.
Of course, before step S1, the offshore construction method further includes: preparing solidified slurry, and driving the construction ship with the solidified slurry in place to anchor.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.