CN114737124A - Low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel and production method thereof - Google Patents
Low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114737124A CN114737124A CN202210416936.7A CN202210416936A CN114737124A CN 114737124 A CN114737124 A CN 114737124A CN 202210416936 A CN202210416936 A CN 202210416936A CN 114737124 A CN114737124 A CN 114737124A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel and a production method thereof, wherein the chemical components of the low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel comprise, by weight, less than or equal to 0.10% of C, less than or equal to 0.50% of Si, less than or equal to 1.50% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, less than or equal to 0.008% of S, Ni: 0.25 to 0.50%, Cu: 0.30 to 0.50%, Cr: 0.40-1.00%; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel disclosed by the invention does not add Nb, V, Ti and other alloy elements except necessary weathering elements, is rolled in an austenite non-recrystallization region, has the yield ratio of less than or equal to 0.72, has good anti-seismic performance, has the advantages of high rolling pass rate, simple production process, low production cost and good product comprehensive performance, can meet the requirements of the building industry on the mechanical properties of steel, also has good corrosion resistance and weather resistance, and has wide popularization and application prospects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking production processes, in particular to low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel and a production method thereof.
Background
The weathering steel is low alloy steel with atmospheric corrosion resistance between common carbon steel and stainless steel, the weathering steel is prepared by adding a small amount of corrosion-resistant elements such as copper, chromium, phosphorus, nickel, molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, titanium and the like on the basis of the common carbon steel, and the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the weathering steel is 2-8 times that of the common carbon steel. The weathering steel is a steel grade with lower price and good performance, and can be used under a plurality of severe conditions, so the weathering steel is widely applied to various metal structural members such as railway wagons, highway bridges, house buildings and the like.
Patent document CN 201410823613.5 discloses a welded weathering resistant steel Q355NH super-thick steel plate and a production process thereof, wherein the welded weathering resistant steel Q355NH super-thick steel plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.07 to 0.11%, Si: 0.21-0.55%, Mn: 0.50-0.90%, P: 0.071% -0.120%, S: 0.001% -0.008%, Cu: 0.25-0.45%, Cr: 0.75% -1.20%, Ni: 0.25 to 0.45 percent of iron and the balance of inevitable impurities. The technical solution disclosed in this patent document uses two-stage rolling, the rolling process is complicated, and the strength of the steel sheet is low.
Patent document No. CN 201510830756.3 discloses a nickel-free high-toughness weathering resistant steel sheet and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the steel sheet comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.12% -0.15%, Si: 0.15-0.30%, Mn: 0.8-0.95%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than 0.01%, Cr: 0.4-0.50%, Cu: 0.25 to 0.35 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The technical scheme disclosed in the patent document has high carbon content, is not favorable for welding performance and has high yield ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides the low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel with low yield ratio and good performance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the weathering steel with low yield ratio and low cost comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight, wherein the chemical components comprise less than or equal to 0.10% of C, less than or equal to 0.50% of Si, less than or equal to 1.50% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, less than or equal to 0.008% of S, Ni: 0.25 to 0.50%, Cu: 0.30 to 0.50%, Cr: 0.40-1.00%; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the structure of the weathering steel comprises ferrite, bainite and pearlite, and the grain size is 11 grades.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the yield strength of the weathering steel is more than or equal to 410MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 580MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 30%, and the yield ratio is less than or equal to 0.72; the impact energy of the V-shaped notch is more than or equal to 140J at the temperature of minus 40 ℃.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the weather-resistant steel has the atmospheric corrosion resistance index of more than or equal to 6.0, the weather resistance index of 0.57-11.34, and the corrosion potential is increased along with the increase of the weather resistance index.
The invention also discloses a production method of the low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel, which comprises the steps of smelting raw materials into billets according to the chemical components and the proportion of the low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel, and sequentially carrying out hot continuous rolling, laminar cooling and coiling to obtain finished products.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the hot continuous rolling process, the heating temperature of the billet is 1160-1200 ℃.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the hot continuous rolling procedure, rolling is carried out in an austenite non-recrystallization region, the initial rolling temperature is 980-1020 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 840-880 ℃.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the hot continuous rolling procedure, phosphorus removal is carried out on the whole field, the single-pass deformation is more than or equal to 12%, and the three-pass deformation after finish rolling is more than or equal to 25%.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the laminar cooling procedure, front-stage cooling is adopted, and the cooling speed is 15-25 ℃/s; the upper header is 60% open and the lower header is 90% open.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: in the coiling procedure, the coiling temperature is 580-620 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel disclosed by the invention does not add Nb, V, Ti and other alloy elements except necessary weathering elements, is rolled in an austenite non-recrystallization region, has the yield ratio of less than or equal to 0.72, has good earthquake resistance, has the advantages of high rolling pass rate, simple production process, low production cost and good product comprehensive performance, can meet the mechanical property requirements of the building industry on steel, also has good corrosion resistance and weather resistance, and has wide popularization and application prospects.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The invention discloses low-yield-ratio low-cost weathering steel, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight of less than or equal to 0.10% of C, less than or equal to 0.50% of Si, less than or equal to 1.50% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02% of P, less than or equal to 0.008% of S, Ni: 0.25 to 0.50%, Cu: 0.30 to 0.50%, Cr: 0.40-1.00%; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The structure of the weathering steel comprises ferrite, bainite and pearlite, and the grain size is 11 grades. The yield strength of the weathering steel is more than or equal to 410MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 580MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 30 percent, and the yield ratio is less than or equal to 0.72; the impact energy of the V-shaped notch at the temperature of minus 40 ℃ is more than or equal to 140J. The weather-resistant steel has the atmospheric corrosion resistance index of more than or equal to 6.0, the weather resistance index of 0.57-11.34, and the corrosion potential is increased along with the increase of the weather resistance index.
In the chemical composition of the present invention, C is a main alloying element in steel, and C can form a solid solution structure by solid solution in steel to improve the strength of steel by solid solution strengthening, or can form a carbide structure with other alloying elements in steel such as Ti, Nb, V, etc. to improve the strength of steel by precipitation strengthening, and as the carbon content increases, the strength of steel is improved but ductility, weldability, and corrosion resistance are lowered. In the present invention, C is set to 0.10% or less in order to obtain a ferrite and pearlite structure and to produce precipitation strengthening.
Si can improve the corrosion resistance of steel, and is matched with molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, aluminum, titanium, nitrogen and the like in stainless steel and corrosion-resistant steel to improve the corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance, and the Si does not form carbide, is dissolved in ferrite and has strong solid solution strengthening effect, but when the content of the Si is high, the ductility and toughness and weldability of the steel are reduced; therefore, Si is set to 0.50% or less in the present invention.
Mn is a good deoxidizer and desulfurizer, has a strong solid solution strengthening effect, and can slightly improve or not reduce the obdurability of steel when the content of Mn in carbon steel is not high, but the excessive content of Mn can easily cause casting blank cracks in the continuous casting process of a steel plate, and simultaneously reduce the weldability of the steel; therefore, in the present invention, Mn is set to 1.50% or less.
P, S is an impurity element in steel. P can improve the strength of steel and effectively improve the atmospheric corrosion resistance of the steel, and can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of the steel when coexisting with Cu, but the P element is easy to generate local segregation in the steel, thereby greatly reducing the ductility and toughness of the steel, and reducing the low-temperature toughness to generate cold brittleness. S is a harmful element in steel, is easy to segregate to generate sulfide inclusions, deteriorates the weldability and impact toughness of the steel, is easy to form cavitation erosion in the corrosion process, and has adverse effect on the corrosion performance; therefore, P is less than or equal to 0.02 percent and S is less than or equal to 0.008 percent.
Ni can improve the non-coating weather resistance of a steel plate, can effectively prevent the hot brittleness of Cu, and reduces the hot crack sensitivity in the processes of casting, hot rolling and welding, and in addition, Ni can obviously improve the low-temperature toughness of steel, but the Ni is high in price, the excessive Ni can increase the adhesion of steel oxide skin, and hot rolling defects can be formed on the surface when the excessive Ni is pressed into the steel; therefore, Ni is set to 0.25 to 0.50%.
Cu is an austenite stabilizing element, and is present in the steel in the form of fine precipitated particles to play a role of precipitation strengthening, and the precipitates thereof are effective in improving the high-temperature strength and atmospheric corrosion resistance of the steel. If the addition amount is less than 0.25%, the atmospheric corrosion resistance is reduced; if the amount of the carbon is excessive, fine and dispersed epsilon-Cu precipitates are formed during hot rolling and normalizing, the low-temperature toughness is damaged, copper brittleness and cracks can be formed, the carbon equivalent is increased, and the cost is increased; therefore, Cu is set to 0.30 to 0.50% in the present invention.
Cr improves strength and hardenability, improves high-temperature performance and atmospheric corrosion resistance, improves reheat embrittlement of HAZ, and forms fine Cr carbides to suppress formation of coarse carbides that embrittle grain boundaries and segregation of C to grain boundaries. If the amount is excessive, the toughness is affected, tempering embrittlement is caused, and the welding performance is damaged; therefore, Cr is set to 0.40 to 0.75%.
The invention also discloses a production method of the low-yield-ratio low-cost weathering steel, which comprises the steps of smelting raw materials into billets according to the chemical components and the proportion of the low-yield-ratio low-cost weathering steel, and obtaining finished products after the processes of hot continuous rolling, laminar cooling and coiling in sequence.
In the hot continuous rolling process, the heating temperature of a steel billet is 1160-1200 ℃; rolling in an austenite non-recrystallization region, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 980-1020 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 840-880 ℃; and (3) carrying out dephosphorization in the whole field, wherein the single-pass deformation is more than or equal to 12%, and the three-pass deformation after finish rolling is more than or equal to 25%.
In the laminar cooling process, front-stage cooling is adopted, and the cooling speed is 15-25 ℃/s; the upper collecting pipe is opened by 60 percent, the lower collecting pipe is opened by 90 percent, and the obtained tissue is ensured to be fine and uniform and a fine and dispersed second phase is separated out by obtaining larger cooling speed.
In the coiling step, the coiling temperature is 580-620 ℃.
Example 1
The weathering steel with low yield ratio and low cost comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.087 percent of C, 0.41 percent of Si, 1.43 percent of Mn, 0.014 percent of P, 0.003 percent of S, 0.31 percent of Ni, 0.33 percent of Cu and 0.52 percent of Cr; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Smelting the raw materials into a billet according to the chemical components and the proportion; then carrying out hot continuous rolling, wherein the heating temperature of a steel billet is 1187 ℃, rolling is carried out in an austenite non-recrystallization region, the initial rolling temperature is 1003 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 856 ℃, phosphorus removal is carried out on the whole field, the single-pass deformation is more than or equal to 12%, and the three-pass deformation is more than or equal to 25% after finish rolling; then, adopting front-stage cooling to carry out laminar cooling, wherein the cooling speed is 25 ℃/s, the upper collecting pipe is opened by 60 percent, and the lower collecting pipe is opened by 90 percent; coiling at 602 deg.C to obtain final product. The performance indexes of the finished product weathering steel are detected, the yield strength is 413MPa, the tensile strength is 581MPa, the elongation is 30.0 percent, the yield ratio is 0.71, and the V-notch impact energy is 142J at minus 40 ℃.
Example 2
The weathering steel with low yield ratio and low cost comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.092% of C, 0.35% of Si, 1.36% of Mn, 0.011% of P, 0.003% of S, 0.27% of Ni, 0.41% of Cu and 0.59% of Cr; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Smelting the raw materials into a billet according to the chemical components and the proportion; then hot continuous rolling is carried out, the heating temperature of the billet is 1175 ℃, rolling is carried out in an austenite non-recrystallization region, the initial rolling temperature is 997 ℃, the final rolling temperature is 849 ℃, phosphorus removal is carried out on the whole field, the single-pass deformation is more than or equal to 12 percent, and the three-pass deformation is more than or equal to 25 percent after finish rolling; then, adopting front-stage cooling to carry out laminar cooling, wherein the cooling speed is 15 ℃/s, the upper collecting pipe is opened by 60 percent, and the lower collecting pipe is opened by 90 percent; coiling at 594 deg.C to obtain the final product. The performance indexes of the finished weathering steel are detected, the yield strength is 418MPa, the tensile strength is 588MPa, the elongation is 31.0 percent, the yield ratio is 0.71, and the impact energy of the V-shaped notch is 156J at minus 40 ℃.
From the above examples, it can be seen that the low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel prepared by the invention has good yield strength, tensile strength and elongation in performance, the yield ratio is less than 0.72, the V-notch impact energy at-40 ℃ is more than or equal to 140J, and the weathering steel has good mechanical properties and comprehensive properties.
Claims (10)
1. A low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel is characterized in that: the chemical components comprise, by weight, not more than 0.10% of C, not more than 0.50% of Si, not more than 1.50% of Mn, not more than 0.02% of P, not more than 0.008% of S, Ni: 0.25 to 0.50%, Cu: 0.30 to 0.50%, Cr: 0.40-1.00%; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The low yield ratio, low cost weathering steel of claim 1, wherein: the structure of the weathering steel comprises ferrite, bainite and pearlite, and the grain size is 11 grades.
3. The low yield ratio, low cost weathering steel of claim 1, wherein: the yield strength of the weathering steel is more than or equal to 410MPa, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 580MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 30%, and the yield ratio is less than or equal to 0.72; the impact energy of the V-shaped notch is more than or equal to 140J at the temperature of minus 40 ℃.
4. The low yield ratio, low cost weathering steel of claim 1, wherein: the weather-resistant steel has the atmospheric corrosion resistance index of more than or equal to 6.0, the weather resistance index of 0.57-11.34, and the corrosion potential is increased along with the increase of the weather resistance index.
5. A production method of low-yield-ratio and low-cost weathering steel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of smelting raw materials into a billet according to the chemical components and the mixture ratio in any one of claims 1 to 4, and obtaining a finished product after the steps of hot continuous rolling, laminar cooling and coiling are sequentially carried out.
6. The method for producing a low-yield-ratio low-cost weathering steel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: in the hot continuous rolling process, the heating temperature of the billet is 1160-1200 ℃.
7. The method for producing a low-yield-ratio low-cost weathering steel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: in the hot continuous rolling procedure, rolling is carried out in an austenite non-recrystallization region, the initial rolling temperature is 980-1020 ℃, and the final rolling temperature is 840-880 ℃.
8. The method for producing a low-yield-ratio low-cost weathering steel as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: in the hot continuous rolling procedure, phosphorus removal is carried out on the whole field, the single-pass deformation is more than or equal to 12%, and the three-pass deformation after finish rolling is more than or equal to 25%.
9. The method for producing a low-yield-ratio low-cost weathering steel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: in the laminar cooling procedure, front-stage cooling is adopted, and the cooling speed is 15-25 ℃/s; the upper header is 60% open and the lower header is 90% open.
10. The method for producing a low-yield-ratio low-cost weathering steel as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: in the coiling procedure, the coiling temperature is 580-620 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116179965A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-05-30 | 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 | Economical weather-resistant structural steel plate Q355NHD and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101135029A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-05 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Yield strength 700MPa grade atmospheric corrosion resistant steel and method for manufacturing same |
| CN109161793A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-08 | 河钢股份有限公司 | A kind of low yield strength ratio high-strength weathering steel and its production method |
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- 2022-04-20 CN CN202210416936.7A patent/CN114737124A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101135029A (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-05 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Yield strength 700MPa grade atmospheric corrosion resistant steel and method for manufacturing same |
| CN109161793A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-08 | 河钢股份有限公司 | A kind of low yield strength ratio high-strength weathering steel and its production method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116179965A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-05-30 | 重庆钢铁股份有限公司 | Economical weather-resistant structural steel plate Q355NHD and manufacturing method thereof |
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