CN114737073A - Preparation process of high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy - Google Patents

Preparation process of high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114737073A
CN114737073A CN202110015687.6A CN202110015687A CN114737073A CN 114737073 A CN114737073 A CN 114737073A CN 202110015687 A CN202110015687 A CN 202110015687A CN 114737073 A CN114737073 A CN 114737073A
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percent
temperature
directional
heating
equal
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CN202110015687.6A
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聂小武
王社全
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Hunan University of Technology
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Hunan University of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/057—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation process of a high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.5 to 11.5 percent of Co, 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Cr, 1.75 to 1.95 percent of Mo, 7.0 to 8.0 percent of W, 7.35 to 7.85 percent of Al, 0.50 to 0.70 percent of Ti, 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Ta, 1.20 to 1.30 percent of Hf, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0055 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of Si, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities; the preparation process comprises a smelting process and a heat treatment process, wherein the smelting process is to adopt a vacuum induction furnace to smelt master alloy and carry out directional solidification in a liquid metal directional furnace to prepare the directional columnar crystal alloy. Vacuum degree of directional furnace is about (1-4) x 10‑4mmHg, pouring temperature 1590-; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the columnar crystal alloy obtained by smeltingKeeping the temperature at about 1250-1280 ℃ for about 4-6h, and cooling to room temperature; heating to 1160-1190 deg.c again, maintaining for 4-6 hr, and air cooling to room temperature; heating to about 950 ℃ and 980 ℃ again, preserving the heat for 10-14h, and cooling to room temperature.

Description

Preparation process of high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloys, in particular to a preparation process of a high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy.
Background
The nickel-based high-temperature alloy is an important structural material, has excellent high-temperature mechanical property and hot corrosion resistance, and is a main material of the blades of the advanced aeroengines and industrial gas turbines at present. The material can meet the requirements of long-term service advanced aeroengines and industrial gas turbines capable of generating power under peak load, and the material is required to have comprehensive properties of creep resistance, fatigue resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, high elastic modulus, low density and the like. The nickel-based high-temperature alloy is the most excellent aeroengine material with the most extensive application. With the development of aviation industry, especially the continuous improvement of the requirements on the thrust force and the thrust-weight ratio of an advanced aeroengine, the inlet temperature of a turbine is forced to be continuously increased, which puts higher requirements on the temperature bearing capacity of the nickel-based superalloy. In order to meet the use requirements, intensive research and breakthrough must be made in the aspects of material design and preparation technology.
The nickel-based high-temperature alloy has incomparable high-temperature strength compared with a cobalt-based alloy, higher initial melting temperature, better cold and hot fatigue performance, higher plasticity and toughness, higher oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance and lower density by properly adjusting the alloy components, and has special significance in application to a plurality of parts of an aeroengine.
Although many nickel-based high-temperature alloys such as K403, K405, K441 and K417G are developed in China, the alloys generally have larger difference of initial melting temperature and plasticity compared with cobalt-based high-temperature alloys, and the application of the alloys is limited. The intermetallic compound has low specific gravity and high strength, but has poor room temperature plasticity, so that the engineering application is limited. Therefore, there is a need to develop new alloys with high initial melting temperature, suitable density, good castability, good thermal fatigue properties and high temperature oxidation resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation process of a nickel-based superalloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.5 to 11.5 percent of Co, 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Cr, 1.75 to 1.95 percent of Mo, 7.0 to 8.0 percent of W, 7.35 to 7.85 percent of Al, 0.50 to 0.70 percent of Ti, 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Ta, 1.20 to 1.30 percent of Hf, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0055 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of Si, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities; the preparation process comprises a smelting process and a heat treatment process, wherein the smelting process is to adopt a vacuum induction furnace to smelt master alloy and carry out directional solidification in a liquid metal directional furnace to prepare the directional columnar crystal alloy. Vacuum degree of directional furnace（1-4）×10-4mmHg, pouring temperature 1590-; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the columnar crystal alloy obtained by smelting to about 1250-1280 ℃, preserving the heat for about 4-6h, and air-cooling to room temperature; heating to 1160-1190 deg.c again, maintaining for 4-6 hr, and air cooling to room temperature; heating to about 950 ℃ and 980 ℃ again, preserving the heat for 10-14h, and cooling to room temperature.
The method of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the addition amounts of Cr and Co are optimally designed, so that the contents of Cr and Co are mutually cooperated, the high-temperature strength and the lasting strength of the alloy are improved, the strengthening elements such as W, Mo and the like are optimally designed, the solid solution strengthening effect of the strengthening elements is cooperated, the hot corrosion resistance is improved, the addition amounts of Ti, Al, Hf and the like are optimally designed, and the oxidation resistance of the alloy at room temperature and high temperature is improved;
(2) according to the designed alloy components, the directional solidification process parameters of liquid metal cooling are adjusted, so that the harmful transverse grain boundary is eliminated, the structure is more refined and uniform, and the anisotropy is better;
(3) according to the designed alloy components, the heat treatment system is optimized for heat treatment, so that the comprehensive service performance of the alloy is better;
(4) compared with the traditional high-temperature alloy Incone1718, the tensile strength of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy prepared by the method is improved by 35-40%, the plasticity is improved by 10%, and the oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance are enhanced; under the same stress condition, the lasting temperature is obviously improved, and the method is suitable for manufacturing parts used at 1000-1150 ℃, such as aeroengine blades and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described below with reference to examples, which are given only for the purpose of making the skilled person more easily understand and implement the present invention, and are not meant to limit the scope of the present invention, wherein examples one and two are preferred examples, and example three-dimensional is the most preferred example.
Example one
The high-temperature alloy is calculated by weight percentageThe paint consists of the following components: 10.7 percent of Co, 7.2 percent of Cr, 1.84 percent of Mo, 7.6 percent of W, 7.70 percent of Al, 0.62 percent of Ti, 7.1 percent of Ta, 1.24 percent of Hf, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0055 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of Si, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities; the preparation process comprises a smelting process and a heat treatment process, wherein the smelting process is to adopt a vacuum induction furnace to smelt master alloy and carry out directional solidification in a liquid metal directional furnace to prepare the directional columnar crystal alloy. Vacuum degree of directional furnace is about 1X 10-4mmHg, casting temperature 1590 ℃, drawing speed of about 6mm/min, temperature gradient of about 90 ℃/cm, liquid tin temperature of about 280 ℃; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the columnar crystal alloy obtained by smelting to about 1280 ℃, preserving the heat for about 4 hours, and cooling in air to room temperature; heating to 1190 deg.c again, maintaining for 4 hr, and air cooling to room temperature; heating to about 980 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 14h, and cooling to room temperature.
Example two
The high-temperature alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.8.0 percent of Co, 7.2 percent of Cr, 1.90 percent of Mo, 7.9 percent of W, 7.78 percent of Al, 0.59 percent of Ti, 7.1 percent of Ta, 1.26 percent of Hf, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0055 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of Si, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities; the preparation process comprises a smelting process and a heat treatment process, wherein the smelting process is to adopt a vacuum induction furnace to smelt master alloy and carry out directional solidification in a liquid metal directional furnace to prepare the directional columnar crystal alloy. Vacuum degree of directional furnace about 4X 10-4mmHg, casting temperature 1590 ℃, drawing speed about 9mm/min, temperature gradient about 80 ℃/cm, liquid tin temperature about 360 ℃; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the columnar crystal alloy obtained by smelting to about 1250 ℃, preserving the heat for about 6 hours, and air-cooling to room temperature; heating to 1150 deg.c, maintaining for 6 hr and air cooling to room temperature; heating to 950 deg.C again, maintaining the temperature for 14h, and cooling to room temperature.
EXAMPLE III
The high-temperature alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 11.0 percent of Co, 7.1 percent of Cr, 1.82 percent of Mo, 7.5 percent of W, 7.50 percent of Al, 0.60 percent of Ti, 7.0 percent of Ta, 1.25 percent of Hf, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0055 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of Si, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities; the preparation process comprises a smelting process and a heat treatment process, wherein the smelting process is to smelt master alloy by adopting a vacuum induction furnaceAnd carrying out directional solidification in a liquid metal directional furnace to prepare the directional columnar crystal alloy. Vacuum degree of directional furnace about 3X 10-4mmHg, casting temperature 1600 ℃, drawing speed about 7mm/min, temperature gradient about 85 ℃/cm, liquid tin temperature about 310 ℃; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the column crystal alloy obtained by smelting to 1270 ℃, preserving the heat for 5 hours, and cooling the column crystal alloy to room temperature; heating to 1180 ℃ again, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and cooling in air to room temperature; and heating to 970 ℃ again, preserving the temperature for 12 hours, and cooling to room temperature in air.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the above examples to show the details of the process equipment and process flow of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above details of the process equipment and process flow, which means that the present invention must not be implemented by relying on the above details of the process equipment and process flow. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The preparation process of the nickel-based superalloy is characterized in that the superalloy consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 10.5 to 11.5 percent of Co, 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Cr, 1.75 to 1.95 percent of Mo, 7.0 to 8.0 percent of W, 7.35 to 7.85 percent of Al, 0.50 to 0.70 percent of Ti, 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Ta, 1.20 to 1.30 percent of Hf, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0055 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of Si, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities; the preparation process comprises a smelting process and a heat treatment process, wherein the smelting process is to smelt master alloy by adopting a vacuum induction furnace and perform directional solidification in a liquid metal directional furnace to prepare directional columnar crystal alloy; the vacuum degree of the directional furnace is about (1-4) multiplied by 10-4mmHg, pouring temperature 1590-; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the columnar crystal alloy obtained by smelting to about 1250-1280 ℃, preserving the heat for about 4-6h, and air-cooling to room temperature; heating to 1160-1190 deg.c again, maintaining for 4-6 hr, and air cooling to room temperature; heating to about 950 ℃ and 980 ℃, preserving the heat for 10-14h, and cooling to room temperature.
2. The process for preparing a nickel-base superalloy as in claim 1, wherein the superalloy comprises the following components in weight percent: 11.0 percent of Co, 7.1 percent of Cr, 1.82 percent of Mo, 7.5 percent of W, 7.50 percent of Al, 0.60 percent of Ti, 7.0 percent of Ta, 1.25 percent of Hf, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.0055 percent of B, less than or equal to 0.065 percent of Si, and the balance of Ni and inevitable impurities; the preparation process comprises a smelting process and a heat treatment process, wherein the smelting process is to smelt master alloy by adopting a vacuum induction furnace and perform directional solidification in a liquid metal directional furnace to prepare directional columnar crystal alloy; vacuum degree of directional furnace about 3X 10- 4mmHg, casting temperature 1600 ℃, drawing speed about 7mm/min, temperature gradient about 85 ℃/cm, liquid tin temperature about 310 ℃; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the column crystal alloy obtained by smelting to 1270 ℃, preserving the heat for 5 hours, and cooling the column crystal alloy to room temperature; heating to 1180 ℃ again, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, and cooling in air to room temperature; heating to 970 deg.c, maintaining for 12 hr and air cooling to room temperature.
CN202110015687.6A 2021-01-07 2021-01-07 Preparation process of high-temperature-resistant nickel-based alloy Withdrawn CN114737073A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application publication date: 20220712