CN114737046A - System and method for preheating raw materials entering furnace - Google Patents
System and method for preheating raw materials entering furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN114737046A CN114737046A CN202210448534.5A CN202210448534A CN114737046A CN 114737046 A CN114737046 A CN 114737046A CN 202210448534 A CN202210448534 A CN 202210448534A CN 114737046 A CN114737046 A CN 114737046A
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 sinter ore Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
- C21B9/10—Other details, e.g. blast mains
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, and particularly discloses a system and a method for preheating a raw material entering a furnace. The furnace raw material preheating system comprises a hot air module, a raw material screening device and a dust removal module; the hot air module comprises a blast furnace hot air furnace, a hot air furnace flue gas pipeline, a conveying pipeline and a plurality of flue gas pipelines, the hot air furnace flue gas pipeline is communicated with the blast furnace hot air furnace, and the hot air furnace flue gas pipeline is selectively communicated with the flue gas pipelines through the conveying pipeline; the raw material screening device is provided with a plurality of vibrating screen beds, the vibrating screen beds are used for screening the raw materials entering the furnace according to particle sizes, and the flue gas pipeline is used for spraying flue gas to the raw materials entering the furnace on the vibrating screen beds; the dust removal module is used for absorbing dust passing through the sieve bed of the vibrating sieve. Through the structural improvement to hot-blast module, can carry the unnecessary heat in the blast furnace hot-blast furnace to raw materials screening plant department and preheat, avoid the direct emission of high temperature flue gas, realize the effect of preheating of the raw materials of going into the stove of blast furnace, guarantee coal gas system's safety and stability operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, in particular to a system and a method for preheating a raw material entering a furnace.
Background
The raw materials fed into the blast furnace generally comprise burnt ore, pellet ore, raw ore, coke and the like, the raw ore generally comprises a plurality of different varieties, and the moisture percentage fluctuation of the raw materials is large due to different production and transportation links of various raw materials. In general, the temperature of ore burning in direct feeding can reach about 50 ℃ at most, but most of ore burning is normal temperature, the temperature of ball ore is also normal temperature, the moisture of ore burning ball ore is low, and the moisture is generally within 0.5% or even zero (except that the ore burning ball ore is wetted by rainwater in rainy season). For coke, the common dry quenching moisture is generally within 3 percent, while the water quenching moisture is generally within 3 to 15 percent, and the small amount of water quenching moisture exceeds 15 percent and even reaches more than 20 percent. The green ore is influenced by sea transportation, ship transportation and environment because the condition of mud is unavoidable, and the moisture generally fluctuates within the range of 1-15% (including moist soil and bonded impurities). Therefore, the temperature of the raw materials entering the furnace is lower under the influence of various factors, and is generally the same as the atmospheric temperature or even lower than the atmospheric environment temperature.
At present, various blast furnaces are subjected to intensified smelting, and the reduction of fuel consumption and the reduction of carbon emission are taken as important improvement directions. The method is influenced by the technical problem that the moisture, the moist soil, the bonding materials and the like of the raw materials below the blast furnace groove cannot be removed, and the bonding materials and the like with high moisture content and impurity content in the ore inevitably increase the energy consumption of the blast furnace after entering the blast furnace, thereby increasing the carbon emission and bringing adverse influence to the smooth operation of the blast furnace. Particularly, under the condition of low temperature in winter, the temperature of ore entering the furnace is only about 5 ℃, and a large amount of heat is consumed after the ore enters the top of the blast furnace.
Along with blast furnace strengthening smelting, raw materials with high moisture content and more adhesive enter the blast furnace, and the heat energy of coal gas in the furnace is inevitably consumed, so that the temperature of the furnace top is reduced (generally lower than 80 ℃). The reduction of the temperature of the top gas inevitably causes the blockage and bonding of a cloth bag of a gas dust removal system, so that the reduction of the pressure difference in a gas pipeline is large, and the operation safety of the gas system is influenced.
Under the prior art, after the blast furnace charging raw material reaches the bin, a bin of ore is filled with at least 300 tons or even thousands of tons, a bin of coke is filled with more than 200 tons, the service life of the bin (the same kind of ore is used by a plurality of bins alternately) is generally 8 hours, and even a few days are needed for replacing part of the furnace burden in the bin. Under the influence of factors such as air temperature, atmospheric humidity, environmental water leakage and rain, the furnace burden in the storage bin is often wet, which leads to further reduction of the temperature of the furnace burden.
Under the prior art, the temperature control of the raw materials fed into the blast furnace has no proper technology. For example, when coke is dry quenched and directly sent to a blast furnace, the temperature cannot be higher than 200 ℃, and the high temperature is easy to cause the failure of a belt system, thereby causing the occurrence of safety accidents. Even when 200 ℃ coke is discharged and transported to a blast furnace bin, in order to prevent the coke from spontaneously combusting in the bin and ensure the transportation safety of the coke, the temperature is reduced by adopting a water spraying mode, and the water quenching temperature is normal temperature generally. The ore is mainly stacked in a field, so the temperature of the ore is basically normal temperature, part of blast furnace ball ore is directly conveyed to a blast furnace storage bin after production, the temperature of the ball ore is also higher, but in order to prevent the ball ore from spontaneous combustion during stacking, a cooling measure can be adopted to ensure that the temperature of the ball ore is in a safe and controllable range.
Therefore, under the current technical conditions, no proper technical means is provided for improving the temperature of the raw materials entering the blast furnace from the blast furnace tank, so that the influence of the raw materials in the blast furnace tank on the heat energy consumption of the blast furnace cannot be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for preheating a raw material to be fed into a furnace, so as to realize the preheating operation of the raw material to be fed into the furnace and solve the problem of overhigh energy consumption of a blast furnace.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preheating system for raw materials entering a furnace comprises a hot air module, a raw material screening device and a dust removal module; the hot air module comprises a blast furnace hot air furnace, a hot air furnace flue gas pipeline, a conveying pipeline and a plurality of flue gas pipelines, the hot air furnace flue gas pipeline is communicated with the blast furnace hot air furnace, and the hot air furnace flue gas pipeline is selectively communicated with the flue gas pipelines through the conveying pipeline; the raw material screening device is provided with a plurality of vibrating screen beds, the vibrating screen beds are used for screening the raw materials entering the furnace according to particle sizes, and the flue gas pipeline is used for spraying flue gas to the raw materials entering the furnace, which are positioned on the vibrating screen beds; the dust removal module is used for absorbing dust passing through the sieve bed of the vibrating sieve.
As a preferred technical scheme of the furnace raw material preheating system, a first valve is arranged on the conveying pipeline, and the first valve can be used for connecting or disconnecting the flue gas pipeline of the hot blast furnace with each flue gas pipeline.
As a preferred technical scheme of the furnace raw material preheating system, the flue gas pipeline is provided with at least two flue gas injection nozzles, and the flue gas pipeline injects the flue gas through the flue gas injection nozzles.
As an optimal technical scheme of the furnace raw material preheating system, the flue gas pipeline is arranged above the sieve bed of the vibrating sieve, and the flue gas pipeline and the sieve bed of the vibrating sieve are arranged at intervals.
As the preferred technical scheme of the preheating system of the raw materials entering the furnace, the dust removal module comprises a dust removal device main body and a dust removal air suction channel communicated with the dust removal device main body, the dust removal air suction channel is provided with an air suction opening, the air suction opening is arranged below the sieve bed of the vibrating sieve, and the dust removal device main body absorbs dust passing through the sieve bed of the vibrating sieve through the air suction opening.
As a preferred technical scheme of the charging raw material preheating system, the charging raw material preheating system further comprises a powder bin, wherein the powder bin is arranged below the raw material screening device and is used for collecting and absorbing the charging raw materials passing through the screen bed of the vibrating screen; the inlet scoop is equipped with two, two the inlet scoop is located raw materials screening plant with between the powder storehouse and about powder storehouse with raw materials screening plant's line symmetry.
As a preferred technical scheme of the furnace raw material preheating system, the flue gas pipeline is provided with a second valve, and the second valve can be used for connecting or disconnecting the conveying pipeline with each flue gas pipeline; and a third valve is arranged on the dust removal air suction channel, and the dust removal device main body can be communicated with or disconnected from the air suction opening by utilizing the third valve.
As a preferred technical scheme of the incoming furnace raw material preheating system, the incoming furnace raw material preheating system can be switched between a screening state and a stopping state in a reciprocating manner, when the incoming furnace raw material preheating system is in the screening state, the raw material screening device keeps running and screens the incoming furnace raw materials on the screen bed of the vibrating screen, the second valve is communicated with the conveying pipeline and each flue gas pipeline, and the third valve is communicated with the dust removal device main body and the air suction opening; when the furnace raw material preheating system is in the stop state, the raw material screening device stops running, the second valve disconnects the conveying pipeline and each flue gas pipeline, and the third valve disconnects the dust removal device main body and the air suction opening.
As an optimal technical scheme of the furnace raw material preheating system, a flue gas temperature detector is further installed on the hot blast furnace flue gas pipeline and used for detecting the temperature of flue gas in the hot blast furnace flue gas pipeline.
A method for preheating raw materials entering a furnace is applied to the system for preheating the raw materials entering the furnace and comprises the following steps:
s10: identifying the variety and preheating time of the raw materials entering the furnace, and then starting the raw material screening device and the dust removal module;
s20: judging whether the blast furnace hot blast stove normally operates, if so, performing S30, otherwise, keeping the flue gas pipeline of the hot blast stove disconnected from the flue gas pipeline, and ending the preheating;
s30: judging whether the temperature of the flue gas is less than or equal to a first temperature, if so, communicating the flue gas pipeline of the hot blast stove with the flue gas pipeline, preheating the raw materials entering the stove, then performing S40, if not, keeping the flue gas pipeline of the hot blast stove disconnected with the flue gas pipeline, and finishing the preheating;
s40: and when the preheating time is up, disconnecting the flue gas pipeline of the hot blast stove and the flue gas pipeline, and closing the raw material screening device and the dust removal module.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
this income stove raw materials system of preheating has drawn forth the hot-blast stove flue gas pipeline at the hot-blast stove flue gas pipeline that is used for discharging blast furnace hot-blast stove high temperature flue gas with the help of the institutional advancement of hot-blast module department, utilizes hot-blast stove flue gas pipeline, can realize leading the high temperature flue gas to raw materials screening plant department, preheats the income stove raw materials that are located the shale shaker sieve bed to reduce the moisture in going into the stove raw materials. Therefore, the heat energy of the flue gas in the blast furnace hot blast stove is effectively utilized, and the energy loss caused by directly discharging the high-temperature flue gas to the atmosphere is avoided. Through the application of the technology, the preheating operation of the blast furnace charging raw materials can be realized, the problem of low temperature of the blast furnace top gas caused by quick charging of the charging raw materials under high smelting intensity is solved to a great extent, and the safe and stable operation of a gas system is further ensured. By applying the technology, the moisture in the raw materials such as coke, green ore and the like can be effectively reduced, and the temperature of the raw materials such as sinter ore, pellet ore and the like in the process of charging is greatly increased, thereby making a positive contribution to reducing the consumption of the fuel of the blast furnace.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace feed preheating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preheating a raw material charged into a furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a hot air module; 110. a hot blast stove flue gas duct; 111. a flue gas temperature detector; 120. a delivery conduit; 121. a first valve; 130. a flue gas pipeline; 131. a flue gas injection nozzle; 132. a second valve;
200. a raw material screening device; 210. a vibrating screen bed; 220. a sieve bed frame; 221. a vibrating screen discharge nozzle; 222. a front pillar; 223. a rear pillar; 224. a front lifting assembly; 225. a rear lifting assembly; 230. the feeder is connected with the hopper; 240. a spring support;
300. a stock bin module; 301. a discharge port of the storage bin;
400. a dust removal module; 410. a dust removal air suction channel; 420. a dust removal device main body; 430. a third valve;
500. powder bin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a furnace raw material preheating system, which includes a hot air module 100, a raw material sieving device 200, and a dust removal module 400; the hot air module 100 comprises a blast furnace hot air furnace, a hot air furnace flue gas pipeline 110, a conveying pipeline 120 and a plurality of flue gas pipelines 130, wherein the hot air furnace flue gas pipeline 110 is communicated with the blast furnace hot air furnace, and the hot air furnace flue gas pipeline 110 is selectively communicated with the flue gas pipelines 130 through the conveying pipeline 120; the raw material screening device 200 is provided with a plurality of vibrating screen beds 210, the vibrating screen beds 210 are used for screening the raw materials entering the furnace according to particle sizes, and the flue gas pipeline 130 is used for spraying flue gas to the raw materials entering the furnace on the vibrating screen beds 210; the dust removal module 400 is used to absorb dust that passes through the shaker screen bed 210.
This income stove raw materials system of preheating has drawn out hot-blast stove flue gas pipeline 110 at hot-blast stove flue gas pipeline 110 that is used for discharging blast furnace hot-blast stove (not shown in the figure) high temperature flue gas with the help of the institutional advancement of hot-blast stove module 100 department, utilizes hot-blast stove flue gas pipeline 110, can realize leading high temperature flue gas to raw materials screening plant 200 department, preheats the income stove raw materials that are located shale shaker sifter 210 to reduce the moisture in going into the stove raw materials. Therefore, the effective utilization of the heat energy of the flue gas in the blast furnace hot blast stove is realized, and the energy loss caused by directly discharging the high-temperature flue gas to the atmosphere is avoided. Through the application of the technology, the preheating operation of the blast furnace charging raw materials can be realized, the problem of low temperature of the blast furnace top gas caused by quick charging of the charging raw materials under high smelting intensity is solved to a great extent, and the safe and stable operation of a gas system is further ensured. By applying the technology, the moisture in the raw materials such as coke, green ore and the like can be effectively reduced, and the temperature of the raw materials such as sinter ore, pellet ore and the like in the process of charging is greatly increased, thereby making a positive contribution to reducing the consumption of the fuel of the blast furnace.
Specifically, the diameter of the delivery conduit 120 is 500 millimeters.
In this embodiment, the conveying pipe 120 is provided with a first valve 121, and the hot blast stove flue gas pipe 110 can be connected to or disconnected from each flue gas pipe 130 by using the first valve 121. The arrangement of the first valve 121 ensures that the flue gas pipe 110 of the hot blast stove and the flue gas pipeline 130 can be selectively communicated under the control of an operator. Above design is simple reliable for this income stove raw materials system of preheating's preheating operation need be accomplished through manual control's mode, can reduce the risk that hot-blast furnace flue gas pipeline 110 and flue gas pipeline 130 intercommunication state meet accident from this, avoided the condition that begins to preheat because of the accident under the condition of blast furnace hot-blast furnace does not work and flue gas temperature is too high, and then reduced the potential safety hazard among the operational environment, ensured this income stove raw materials system of preheating's operation stability and operating personnel's personal safety.
Preferably, the flue gas pipeline 130 is provided with at least two flue gas injection nozzles 131, and the flue gas pipeline 130 injects flue gas through the flue gas injection nozzles 131. The flue gas pipeline 130 is arranged to ensure that the flue gas can be uniformly and fully sprayed to the furnace raw materials on the sieve bed 210 of the vibrating sieve, so that the efficiency of preheating operation can be improved, the loss of flue gas heat is reduced, and the full preheating of the preheated furnace raw materials is ensured.
Specifically, 2-5 flue gas pipelines 130 are arranged above each vibrating screen bed 210, the diameter of each flue gas pipeline 130 is 150 mm, each flue gas pipeline 130 is provided with 3-5 flue gas injection nozzles 131, and the diameter of each flue gas injection nozzle 131 is 50-100 mm.
Further, the flue gas pipeline 130 is arranged above the vibrating screen bed 210, and the flue gas pipeline 130 and the vibrating screen bed 210 are arranged at intervals. The interval sets up and to guarantee when raw materials screening plant 200 moves, and the vibration of shale shaker sieve bed 210 can not lead to being located the condition emergence of the income stove raw materials on shale shaker sieve bed 210 and flue gas pipeline 130 direct contact, when guaranteeing hot-blast module 100 and raw materials screening plant 200 and move smoothly, can also ensure at the sieve material in-process of shale shaker sieve bed 210, makes the flue gas can spray to the shale shaker furnace charge on.
Specifically, the distance between the flue gas pipe 130 and the sieve bed 210 of the vibrating sieve is 150 mm and 200 mm. The distance can ensure that the furnace entering raw materials on the sieve bed 210 of the vibrating sieve do not accidentally collide with the flue gas pipeline 130, and the flue gas pipeline 130 can be close to the furnace entering raw materials on the sieve bed 210 of the vibrating sieve as much as possible, so that the efficiency of preheating operation is improved.
In this embodiment, the dust-removing module 400 includes a main body 420 and a dust-removing air-sucking channel 410 communicated with the main body 420, the dust-removing air-sucking channel 410 is provided with an air-sucking opening, the air-sucking opening is disposed below the vibrating screen bed 210, and the main body 420 absorbs dust passing through the vibrating screen bed 210 through the air-sucking opening. The dust removal module 400 is arranged to collect dust passing through the sieve bed 210 of the vibrating sieve, so that the situation that the dust is diffused all around to pollute the working environment and influence the personal health of operators is avoided, the cleanness of the working environment is ensured, the personal health of the operators is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the risk of damage to the furnace raw material preheating system is also reduced.
Specifically, the diameter of the dust-removing air suction channel 410 is 100-150 mm, and the shape of the air suction opening is a bell mouth shape. The above structural design ensures that the dust collection module 400 can efficiently complete the dust collection work.
Further, the furnace raw material preheating system further comprises a powder bin 500, wherein the powder bin 500 is arranged below the raw material screening device 200 and is used for collecting and absorbing the furnace raw materials passing through the vibrating screen bed 210; two air suction openings are arranged and are positioned between the raw material screening device 200 and the powder bin 500 and are symmetrical about the connecting line of the powder bin 500 and the raw material screening device 200. The design that two inlet scoops are symmetrical about the line of powder storehouse 500 and raw materials screening plant 200 has promoted the dust collection ability of dust removal module 400, has reduced the possibility of dust diffusion by a wide margin, has further promoted operational environment's cleanliness factor from this, has ensured operating personnel's personal safety. The provision of the dust bin 500 serves the purpose of collecting large particle dust passing through the sieve bed 210 of the vibrating screen, and provides a space for accommodating dust not collected by the dust removal module 400. The setting of powder storehouse 500 has made things convenient for operating personnel to the work of dust, has still promoted operational environment's clean and tidy degree when reducing the clean degree of difficulty.
After the flue gas is sprayed to the surface of the charged raw material, the charged raw material is heated, the residual gas penetrates through the charged raw material layer and enters the area of the powder bin 500 along with the dust, the large-particle dust falls to the bin bottom of the powder bin 500, and the residual flue gas is pumped into the dust removal device main body 420 through the dust removal air suction channel 410.
Specifically, a part of the space located in the sieve bed 210 of the vibrating sieve and the space located between the sieve bed 210 of the vibrating sieve and the powder bin 500 are surrounded by the canvas net or the steel plate, and only a small number of observation holes are formed in the canvas net or the steel plate. The design further limits the possibility of dust spreading everywhere, and further improves the neatness degree of the working environment.
In this embodiment, the raw material sieving apparatus further includes a sieve bed frame 220 and a feeder receiving hopper 230. The shaker screen bed 210 is mounted on a screen bed frame 220, and both ends of the screen bed frame 220 are supported by front pillars 222 and rear pillars 223, respectively, and the rear pillars 223 are higher than the front pillars 222. The front pillars 222 are connected to the sieve bed frame 220 through the front lifting assembly 224, and are used for driving the sieve bed frame 220 to lift relative to the front pillars 222; the rear support 223 is connected to the sieve bed frame 220 through a rear lifting assembly 225, and is used for driving the sieve bed frame 220 to lift relative to the rear support 223. Feeder receiving hopper 230 is installed above the end where sieve bed frame 220 and rear support 223 are connected through spring support 240, and spring support 240 can drive feeder receiving hopper 230 to rise and fall relative to sieve bed frame 220. The end of the sieve bed frame 220 connected to the front support 222 is provided with a vibrating sieve discharging nozzle 221, and the furnace raw material which is located on the vibrating sieve bed 210 and meets the requirement of the required particle size is separated from the raw material sieving device 200 through the vibrating sieve discharging nozzle 221.
In this embodiment, the system for preheating the raw materials entering the furnace further comprises a bin module 300, a bin discharge port 301 is formed in the bottom end of the bin module 300, and the bin discharge port 301 is formed right above the feeder receiving hopper 230.
Preferably, the flue gas pipes 130 are provided with second valves 132, and the delivery pipe 120 can be connected to or disconnected from each flue gas pipe 130 by using the second valves 132; the dust-removing suction passage 410 is provided with a third valve 430, and the dust-removing device main body 420 can be connected to or disconnected from the suction opening by means of the third valve 430.
The setting of second valve 132 has reduced the risk that this income stove raw materials system of preheating dust enters into flue gas pipeline 130 when under unoperated state, and above design has reduced the risk that flue gas pipeline 130 blockked up by a wide margin, has reduced the frequency that flue gas pipeline 130 changed and maintained, has prolonged the life of flue gas pipeline 130 to this income stove raw materials system of preheating's work efficiency has been promoted. The third valve 430 is arranged to reduce the risk that dust enters the dust removal air suction channel 410 when the raw material preheating system enters the furnace in a non-working state, the risk that the dust removal air suction channel 410 is blocked is greatly reduced due to the design, the replacement and maintenance frequency of the dust removal module 400 is reduced, the service life of the flue gas pipeline 130 is prolonged, and therefore the working efficiency of the raw material preheating system entering the furnace is improved.
Specifically, the first valve 121 and the third valve 430 are gate valves, and the second valve 132 is a ball valve.
Further, the incoming raw material preheating system can be switched between a screening state and a stopping state in a reciprocating manner, when the incoming raw material preheating system is in the screening state, the raw material screening device 200 keeps running and screens the incoming raw materials on the vibrating screen bed 210, the second valve 132 is communicated with the conveying pipeline 120 and each flue gas pipeline 130, and the third valve 430 is communicated with the dust removal device main body 420 and the air suction opening; when the raw material preheating system is in a stop state, the raw material sieving device 200 stops operating, the second valve 132 disconnects the conveying pipeline 120 from each flue gas pipeline 130, and the third valve 430 disconnects the dust removal device main body 420 and the air suction opening. The design enables the second valve 132 and the third valve 430 to automatically complete corresponding opening and closing actions, thereby reducing the workload of operators, reducing the risk of valve opening and closing state errors caused by errors, and further ensuring that the operation of the furnace raw material preheating system can be smoothly and accurately completed.
In this embodiment, a flue gas temperature detector 111 is further installed on the flue gas duct 110 of the hot blast stove, and the flue gas temperature detector 111 is used for detecting the temperature of the flue gas in the flue gas duct 110 of the hot blast stove. The arrangement of the flue gas temperature detector 111 facilitates the monitoring of the temperature of the flue gas by operators, and helps to avoid the spontaneous combustion of coke in the raw materials entering the furnace during preheating operation at high temperature.
Preferably, the second valve 132 and the third valve 430 are associated with an operation control signal of the raw material sieving apparatus 200, and when the shaker screen bed 210 is activated, the third valve 430 and the corresponding second valve 132 above the shaker screen bed 210 are opened, and when the shaker screen bed 210 is deactivated, the third valve 430 and the corresponding second valve 132 above the shaker screen bed 210 are closed. Specifically, the activation and closing of the second valve 132 and the third valve 430 is delayed by 1 second relative to the activation and closing of the shaker screen bed 210.
In this embodiment, the second valve 132 is also associated with the operation of the stove. When the hot blast stove burns the stove to work, the hot blast stove burns the stove to send out a stove burning signal, and the second valve 132 is opened at the moment; when the burning of the hot blast stove is stopped, the burning signal of the hot blast stove is not sent out, and the second valve 132 is closed at the moment. And the first valve 121 can be opened only under the condition that the hot blast stove is operated, unless an operator manually controls the first valve 121 to be opened and closed.
Preferably, the preheating system for the raw materials entering the furnace is provided with a preheating starting button, and when the preheating starting button is in a closed state, all valves on the preheating system for the raw materials entering the furnace are in a closed state. Only when the raw materials entering the furnace need to be preheated, an operator starts a preheating starting button, and the raw material preheating system entering the furnace can execute all actions.
The control system belongs to a blast furnace computer system, is associated with a blast furnace intelligent operation control system, and shares all data.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, this embodiment further provides a method for preheating a raw material entering a furnace, which is applied to the system for preheating a raw material entering a furnace, and includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the variety and preheating time of the charged raw material are identified, and then the raw material sieving device 200 and the dust removal module 400 are started.
Step two: and (3) judging whether the blast furnace hot blast stove normally operates, if so, performing the step three, otherwise, keeping the hot blast stove flue gas pipeline 110 and the flue gas pipeline 130 disconnected, and finishing the preheating.
Step three: and judging whether the temperature of the flue gas is less than or equal to the first temperature, if so, communicating the flue gas pipeline 110 of the hot blast stove with the flue gas pipeline 130, preheating the raw materials entering the stove, then, performing the fourth step, if not, keeping the flue gas pipeline 110 of the hot blast stove disconnected with the flue gas pipeline 130, and finishing the preheating.
Step four: when the preheating time is up, the flue gas pipeline 110 and the flue gas pipeline 130 of the hot blast stove are disconnected, and the raw material sieving device 200 and the dust removal module 400 are closed.
The method for preheating the raw materials entering the furnace stabilizes the quality of the raw materials entering the furnace, ensures the temperature of the top gas of the blast furnace, is beneficial to promoting the standardization and the digitization of blast furnace smelting, and creates conditions for supporting the virtual industry leader technology.
Before the first step, the method further comprises the following steps: and carrying out data recording and information arrangement on the bin of the raw materials entering the furnace. The steps facilitate the determination and control of the variety of the raw materials entering the furnace and the preheating time of the operators, and realize the management of the variety information of the raw materials entering the furnace and the preheating system of the raw materials entering the furnace; the management and utilization of the moisture data of the raw materials entering the furnace are realized. The work efficiency of operating personnel is improved, and the accuracy and smooth proceeding of preheating operation are ensured. Specifically, the first temperature is 400 degrees celsius.
The following takes two practical production cases as examples:
practical production situation one
The furnace top temperature of a certain blast furnace is 72-75 ℃ for 30 minutes continuously, the ambient temperature is 10 ℃ according to the actual situation on site, the ore temperature under the groove is normal temperature, and the detection value is 8 ℃. The preheating system is started by a duty worker, the flue gas temperature of a hot blast stove is 280 ℃, a first valve is opened, the flue gas flow is 400000 cubic meters per hour, a 4# ore burning vibrating screen is started, a corresponding branch pipe is automatically opened, a third valve on a dedusting and air suction channel is automatically opened, a temperature measuring gun is used for on-site detection, the flue gas temperature reaching the vibrating screen area is 183 ℃ (the pipeline is long, the temperature drop is large), the temperature at the inlet of a dedusting and air suction pipe below the vibrating screen is 78 ℃, and the surface temperature of sintered ore is detected to be 36 ℃ when the sintered ore is conveyed to a conveying belt. Within this shift, the green, sintered, pellet and coke screening process was preheated for 5 consecutive batches. In the case of a reduction in the metallurgical strength in the furnace, the furnace top temperature increased to 93 ℃ when the third batch of preheated material was used and to 102 ℃ in the fifth batch.
Practical production conditions two
The coke is delivered into the blast furnace for coke quenching, and the moisture detection value of the coke under the tank is 11.5 percent. At the moment, the blast furnace starts a preheating process, the preheating branch pipes of the sintered ore, the pellet ore and the green ore are set to be in a manual control state, the preheating branch pipes of the coke vibrating screen are set to be in an automatic control state, and a preheating system is started. At the moment, the flue gas temperature is 326 ℃, the coke screen is vibrated, a corresponding flue gas branch pipe valve on the coke is opened, a corresponding dedusting suction pipe valve is opened, the coke falls to the vibrating screen sieve bed along the storage bin, the flue gas temperature of 220 ℃ preheats the coke, the preheating process is carried out for 3 minutes, and after the coke is weighed fully, the moisture of the coke is detected by a transportation belt to be 6.8%. In this time quantum, start preheating system in succession and preheat the coke, coke moisture reduces 5% on average, because the fluctuation of flue gas temperature, the deviation has appeared in the effect of preheating this moment.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for preheating raw materials entering a furnace is characterized by comprising:
the hot air module (100) comprises a blast furnace hot air furnace, a hot air furnace flue gas pipeline (110), a conveying pipeline (120) and a plurality of flue gas pipelines (130), wherein the hot air furnace flue gas pipeline (110) is communicated with the blast furnace hot air furnace, and the hot air furnace flue gas pipeline (110) is selectively communicated with the flue gas pipelines (130) through the conveying pipeline (120);
the raw material screening device (200) is provided with a plurality of vibrating screen beds (210), the vibrating screen beds (210) are used for screening the raw materials entering the furnace according to particle sizes, and the flue gas pipeline (130) is used for spraying flue gas to the raw materials entering the furnace, and the raw materials are positioned on the vibrating screen beds (210);
a dust removal module (400) for absorbing dust passing through the shaker screen bed (210).
2. A furnace-entering raw material preheating system according to claim 1, wherein a first valve (121) is provided on the conveying pipe (120), and the first valve (121) can be used to connect or disconnect the hot blast furnace flue gas pipe (110) with each flue gas pipeline (130).
3. A furnace-entering raw material preheating system according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas pipeline (130) is provided with at least two flue gas injection nozzles (131), and the flue gas pipeline (130) injects the flue gas through the flue gas injection nozzles (131).
4. A furnace-entering raw material preheating system according to claim 3, wherein the flue gas pipeline (130) is arranged above the vibrating screen bed (210), and the flue gas pipeline (130) is arranged at a distance from the vibrating screen bed (210).
5. The system for preheating the raw material entering the furnace according to claim 1, wherein the dust removal module (400) comprises a dust removal device main body (420) and a dust removal air suction channel (410) communicated with the dust removal device main body (420), the dust removal air suction channel (410) is provided with an air suction opening, the air suction opening is arranged below the vibrating screen bed (210), and the dust removal device main body (420) absorbs dust passing through the vibrating screen bed (210) through the air suction opening.
6. The incoming furnace raw material preheating system according to claim 5, further comprising a powder bin (500), wherein the powder bin (500) is disposed below the raw material screening device (200) and is used for collecting and absorbing the incoming furnace raw material passing through the vibrating screen bed (210); the inlet scoop is equipped with two, two the inlet scoop is located raw materials screening plant (200) with between powder storehouse (500) and about powder storehouse (500) with the line symmetry of raw materials screening plant (200).
7. A stoker feed preheating system according to claim 5, characterized in that the flue gas duct (130) is provided with a second valve (132), by means of which second valve (132) the conveying duct (120) can be connected to or disconnected from each flue gas duct (130); and a third valve (430) is arranged on the dust removal air suction channel (410), and the dust removal device main body (420) can be communicated with or disconnected from the air suction opening by utilizing the third valve (430).
8. The incoming furnace raw material preheating system according to claim 7, wherein the incoming furnace raw material preheating system is capable of being switched to and fro between a screening state and a stopping state, when the incoming furnace raw material preheating system is in the screening state, the raw material screening device (200) keeps running to screen the incoming furnace raw material on the vibrating screen bed (210), the second valve (132) is communicated with the conveying pipeline (120) and each flue gas pipeline (130), and the third valve (430) is communicated with the dust removal device main body (420) and the air suction opening; when the furnace raw material preheating system is in the stop state, the raw material screening device (200) stops running, the second valve (132) disconnects the conveying pipeline (120) from each flue gas pipeline (130), and the third valve (430) disconnects the dust removal device main body (420) and the air suction opening.
9. The system for preheating the raw material to be charged according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a flue gas temperature detector (111) is further installed on the flue gas duct (110) of the hot blast stove, and the flue gas temperature detector (111) is used for detecting the temperature of the flue gas in the flue gas duct (110) of the hot blast stove.
10. A charged raw material preheating method applied to the charged raw material preheating system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s10: identifying the variety and the preheating time of the raw materials entering the furnace, and then starting the raw material screening device (200) and the dust removal module (400);
s20: judging whether the blast furnace hot blast stove normally operates, if so, performing S30, otherwise, keeping the flue gas pipeline (110) of the hot blast stove disconnected from the flue gas pipeline (130), and ending the preheating;
s30: judging whether the temperature of the flue gas is less than or equal to a first temperature, if so, communicating the flue gas pipeline (110) of the hot blast stove with the flue gas pipeline (130), preheating the raw materials entering the stove, then performing S40, if not, keeping the flue gas pipeline (110) of the hot blast stove disconnected with the flue gas pipeline (130), and finishing the preheating;
s40: and when the preheating time is up, disconnecting the flue gas pipeline (110) of the hot blast stove and the flue gas pipeline (130), and closing the raw material screening device (200) and the dust removal module (400).
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| KR20040107808A (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2004-12-23 | 주식회사 포스코 | Process of Hot Blast Stove using Blast Furnace Gas with low heat capacity |
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