CN114736515B - Light high-strength plastic part for support of left rear seat backrest of new energy automobile and preparation method of plastic part - Google Patents
Light high-strength plastic part for support of left rear seat backrest of new energy automobile and preparation method of plastic part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114736515B CN114736515B CN202210461735.9A CN202210461735A CN114736515B CN 114736515 B CN114736515 B CN 114736515B CN 202210461735 A CN202210461735 A CN 202210461735A CN 114736515 B CN114736515 B CN 114736515B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/64—Back-rests or cushions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2206—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of calcium, strontium or barium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of automotive interior parts, and particularly discloses a light high-strength plastic part for a left rear seat backrest bracket of a new energy automobile and a preparation method of the plastic part. The support plastic part comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of polylactic acid, 50-70 parts of polyetherimide, 10-20 parts of quaternized polyethyleneimine, 3-10 parts of modified inorganic filler and 1-5 parts of other additives; the modified inorganic filler is obtained by wet grinding the inorganic filler by an anionic surfactant. The modified inorganic filler can be uniformly and stably dispersed and combined in the polylactic acid-polyetherimide-quaternized polyethyleneimine, so that the prepared support plastic part has excellent high-temperature resistance, and the high-temperature resistance is uniform.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automotive interior parts, in particular to a light high-strength plastic part of a left rear seat backrest bracket of a new energy automobile and a preparation method of the plastic part.
Background
Along with the increase of the daily convenient travel demand of people, the demand of automobiles also increases, and the current situation of popularization is achieved. Meanwhile, with the improvement of the environmental protection concept of people, new energy automobiles are gradually accepted by the masses.
Automobile interiors are a part of more attention besides automobile performance, and in order to meet consumer consumption trends, the investment of most automobile manufacturers on the automobile interiors is gradually increased. The automobile seat backrest support is usually made of plastic materials, has good skin feel and can also play a role in armrest and storage. As one of automotive interior parts, the need for high temperature resistance of the bracket is also necessary.
In the related art, the bracket with high temperature resistance is prepared by blending the inorganic filler and the nylon resin and then extruding. Although the inorganic filler can be utilized to a certain extent to improve the high temperature resistance of the bracket, the combination effect of the inorganic filler and the nylon resin is poor; and the dispersion effect of the inorganic filler in a nylon resin system is poor, so that the high-temperature resistance difference of each part of the bracket is easy to cause.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the defect, namely, the dispersion and combination effects of the inorganic filler in the system are improved, and further the uniformity of the high temperature resistance of the support plastic part is improved, the application provides a support plastic part for a left rear seat backrest of a light high-strength new energy automobile and a preparation method thereof.
First aspect, this application provides a back seat back support plastic part in a left side of light-duty high strength new energy automobile adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a left back seat back support plastic part of light-duty high strength new energy automobile, includes the raw materials of following parts by mass: 30-50 parts of polylactic acid, 50-70 parts of polyetherimide, 10-20 parts of quaternized polyethyleneimine, 3-10 parts of modified inorganic filler and 1-5 parts of other additives; the modified inorganic filler is obtained by wet grinding of the inorganic filler by an anionic surfactant.
By adopting the technical scheme, polylactic acid and polyetherimide are used as main base materials of a plastic system, wherein the polylactic acid is a green high polymer material, has good heat resistance, hand feeling, bacterial resistance, flame retardant property and ultraviolet resistance, and has good compatibility with other components. The polyetherimide also has better high temperature resistance, and meanwhile, the wear resistance, the structural stability and the flame retardance are better. The composite effect of the quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine and the quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine is good, the quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine and the quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine both have good combination effect, the quaternary ammonium group of the quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine enables the quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine to be integrally represented as stable positive charge, and the quaternary ammonium group has small negative influence on other performances of the quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine. Meanwhile, after the inorganic filler is wet-milled with an anionic surfactant, the surface of the obtained modified inorganic filler can adsorb more anions, namely, the modified inorganic filler is negatively charged. Therefore, in the blending process of the modified inorganic filler and the polylactic acid-polyetherimide-quaternized polyethyleneimine, the modified inorganic filler can be stably and uniformly dispersed and combined in a system under the mutual attraction of positive and negative charges. Therefore, the prepared support plastic part has excellent and uniform high-temperature resistance, and other properties of the support plastic part are excellent.
Preferably, the preparation method of the quaternized polyethyleneimine comprises the following steps of:
1) Adding propylene oxide into a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution in a dropwise manner, stirring for reaction, and heating to evaporate unreacted propylene oxide after the reaction is finished to obtain a mixed solution;
2) And mixing benzyl chloride and the mixed solution, standing for layering, taking the supernatant for extraction to obtain a quaternized polyethyleneimine solution, and drying to obtain a quaternized polyethyleneimine finished product.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preparation process is simple and convenient, and the practical and industrial production prospect is good.
Preferably, the modified inorganic filler includes at least one of modified calcium oxide, modified silica, and modified zinc oxide.
By adopting the technical scheme, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide and zinc oxide can better adsorb anions in the wet grinding process of the anionic surfactant, and the calcium oxide, the silicon dioxide and the zinc oxide are added into the plastic system to effectively improve the high-temperature resistance of the system, and the dispersion uniformity in the system is higher, so that the uniformity of the high-temperature resistance of the prepared support plastic part is improved.
Preferably, the particle size of the modified inorganic filler is 50 to 100 μm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the modified inorganic filler with the particle size of 50-100 mu m has better dispersion effect in a system, is not easy to agglomerate, and has positive significance for improving the uniformity of the high-temperature resistance of the support plastic part.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified inorganic filler comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring the inorganic filler and the anionic surfactant to obtain a mixture; and wet grinding the mixture, and drying to obtain the modified inorganic filler.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the inorganic filler and the anionic surfactant are blended and wet-milled, stable anions can be loaded on the surface of the inorganic filler, and the obtained modified inorganic filler has negative charges. Therefore, under the mutual attraction of positive and negative charges, the modified inorganic filler can be uniformly dispersed in a polylactic acid-polyetherimide-quaternized polyethyleneimine system, and the binding force is strong, so that the uniformity of the high-temperature resistance of the prepared support plastic part is improved.
Preferably, the anionic surfactant comprises at least one of polyacrylamide, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and fatty alcohol sulfate.
Preferably, the other auxiliary agents are an age resister and a plasticizer according to a mass ratio of 1: (3-5).
By adopting the technical scheme, the anti-aging agent is added, so that the service life of the support plastic part is prolonged; and the plasticizer can effectively improve the plasticity of the support plastic part, namely the flexibility and the strength of the support plastic part are improved.
Preferably, the anti-aging agent is a mixture of an ultraviolet absorber and an antioxidant according to a mass ratio of 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ultraviolet absorbent and the antioxidant are used as the effective components of the anti-aging agent, so that the light aging and oxygen aging conditions of the support plastic part can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the support plastic part can be prolonged.
Preferably, the plasticizer is polyethylene glycol, and the relative molecular mass Mn = (10.1 to 16.5) kg/mol of the polyethylene glycol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyethylene glycol with small molecular weight and the polylactic acid-polyetherimide-quaternized polyethyleneimine have better compatibility, and the flexibility and the strength of the prepared support plastic part can be effectively improved. Meanwhile, on the premise that polyethylene glycol with the relative molecular mass of Mn = (10.1-16.5) kg/mol has good compatibility with a system, the migration rate of the polyethylene glycol in the system can be reduced, so that the condition that the material is aged due to the fact that the polyethylene glycol migrates to the surface can be effectively reduced.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a plastic part for a left rear seat back bracket of a light high-strength new energy automobile, and the following technical scheme is adopted.
A preparation method of a support plastic part of a left rear seat backrest of a light high-strength new energy automobile comprises the following steps: mixing materials: mixing polylactic acid, polyetherimide, quaternized polyethyleneimine, modified inorganic filler and other auxiliaries to obtain a mixture;
melt extrusion: and melting and extruding the mixture, and shaping through a die to obtain a finished product.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. polylactic acid and polyetherimide are used as main base materials of a plastic part, the bonding force of polylactic acid-polyetherimide-quaternized polyethyleneimine in a system is strong through quaternized polyethyleneimine, the quaternized polyethyleneimine has positive charges due to the existence of quaternary ammonium groups, and the surface of a modified inorganic filler obtained after wet grinding of an inorganic filler and an anionic surfactant has negative charges; therefore, in the blending process, under the mutual attraction of positive and negative charges, the modified inorganic filler can be uniformly and stably dispersed and combined in the polylactic acid-polyetherimide-quaternized polyethyleneimine, so that the prepared support plastic part has excellent and uniform high-temperature resistance.
2. The particle size of the modified inorganic filler is controlled to be 50-100 mu m by adding, so that the dispersion effect of the modified inorganic filler in a system can be effectively improved, and the agglomeration phenomenon is less.
3. According to the preparation method, the flexibility and the strength of the polylactic acid-polyetherimide-quaternized polyethyleneimine are improved through the low-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol, and the relative molecular mass Mn = (10.1-16.5) kg/mol of the polyethylene glycol is further controlled, so that the condition that the ageing resistance of the material is reduced due to migration of the polyethylene glycol to the surface can be effectively reduced.
Detailed Description
As will be described in further detail below with reference to examples and comparative examples, the starting materials to which the present application relates are commercially available, wherein polylactic acid is produced by Hei hundred million International trade (Shanghai) Inc., having a code number of 6252D;
polyetherimide is produced from Shanghai Zicheng Sanda plastics Co., ltd, with a product number of 2100-7301-1000;
polyethyleneimine is produced by Shanghai Yon chemical Co., ltd, under the designation UN0001254.
Examples
Examples 1 to 5
The following description will be given by taking example 1 as an example.
Example 1
The utility model provides a left back seat back support plastic part of light-duty high strength new energy automobile, includes the raw materials of following quality: 40kg of polylactic acid, 65kg of polyetherimide, 15kg of quaternized polyethyleneimine, 5kg of modified inorganic filler and 3kg of other additives;
wherein the modified inorganic filler is obtained by wet grinding of silicon dioxide with the particle size of 50-100 mu m by using an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), and the specific preparation method is as follows: mixing 5kg of silica and 3kg of anionic surfactant to obtain a mixture; wet grinding the mixture for 20min, and drying at 70 ℃ for 30min to obtain a modified inorganic filler;
the specific preparation method of the quaternized polyethyleneimine is as follows:
1) Adding 1kg of propylene oxide into 10kg of polyethyleneimine water solution in a dropwise manner, stirring and reacting at 10 ℃ for 30min, and after the reaction is finished, heating to 40 ℃ to evaporate unreacted propylene oxide to obtain a mixed solution;
2) And mixing benzyl chloride and the mixed solution, standing for layering, taking supernatant liquid, extracting with diethyl ether to obtain a quaternized polyethyleneimine solution, and drying under vacuum at 50 ℃ to obtain a quaternized polyethyleneimine finished product.
The other auxiliary agents are a mixture consisting of an anti-aging agent and a plasticizer according to a mass ratio of 1; the plasticizer is polyethylene glycol, and the relative molecular mass Mn of the polyethylene glycol =16.5kg/mol.
The preparation method of the plastic part for the support of the left rear seat backrest of the light high-strength new energy automobile comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring polylactic acid, polyetherimide, quaternized polyethyleneimine, modified inorganic filler and other auxiliaries to obtain a mixture; and then mixing and melting the mixture in an extruder, and shaping by using a mould to obtain a finished plastic part.
As shown in Table 1, examples 1 to 5 are different mainly in the raw material ratio.
Table 1 raw material proportioning table
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 in that the modified inorganic filler is modified calcium oxide.
Example 7
This example is different from example 1 in that the particle diameter of the modified inorganic filler is 200 to 300. Mu.m.
Example 8
This example differs from example 1 in that the plasticizer is polyethylene glycol and the relative molecular mass Mn of the polyethylene glycol =10.1kg/mol.
Example 9
This example differs from example 1 in that the plasticizer is polyethylene glycol and the relative molecular mass Mn of the polyethylene glycol =5.3kg/mol.
Example 10
This example differs from example 1 in that the plasticizer is polyethylene glycol and the relative molecular mass Mn =35.2kg/mol of polyethylene glycol.
Example 11
This example differs from example 1 in that the plasticizer is di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that no polylactic acid is added and the equivalent amount of polyetherimide is used to make up.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that no polyetherimide is added. The balance was made up with the same amount of polylactic acid.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that no quaternized polyethyleneimine is added, and the equivalent amount of polyetherimide is used to make up.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that the quaternized polyethyleneimine is replaced by an equal amount of polyethyleneimine.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example is different from example 1 in that the modified silica was replaced with an equal amount of silica.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that no modifying inorganic filler is added and the polylactic acid is used for the complement.
Comparative example 7
A high-temperature-resistant nylon automotive interior part comprises the following raw materials by mass: 100kg of nylon resin, 10kg of inorganic filler, 1.5kg of coupling agent, 1kg of antioxidant and 2kg of bamboo fiber;
wherein the inorganic filler is shell powder, and the particle size is 1-3 mu m;
the coupling agent is silane coupling agent KH-560.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant nylon automotive interior part comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing nylon resin, inorganic filler, coupling agent, antioxidant and bamboo fiber to obtain a mixture; and then mixing and melting the mixture in an extruder, and then directly forming by using a die through a double-screw extruder at the temperature of 260 ℃ to obtain the finished interior trim part.
Performance test method
And (3) ultimate high temperature resistance test: the samples in each embodiment and comparative example are uniformly divided into three, the size and the shape of each sample are ensured to be consistent as much as possible, and the three samples in each embodiment and comparative example are respectively marked with the numbers 1, 2 and 3. And three samples of the support plastic parts (interior trim parts) in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were tested by referring to a method for testing extreme high temperature resistance in Q _ JLYJ7110192B-2016, standard for testing temperature resistance of Plastic parts for interior and exterior trim of automobiles, and the extreme temperatures of the samples of each label were recorded.
Tensile strength: the support plastic parts (interior parts) in examples 1 to 11 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were tested with reference to the test method in GB1040-92 "test method for tensile Properties of plastics".
TABLE 2 test data sheet
Through the detected data of table 2, combine the detected data of embodiment 1 ~ 5 and comparative example 7 to see that the support plastic part in this application not only high temperature resistance can be comparatively excellent with tensile strength, and the extreme temperature difference that three samples in the same support plastic part can bear is less moreover, and high temperature resistance's degree of consistency is better promptly.
In view of combining the detection data of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 6, the modified silica used as the inorganic filler has better high temperature resistance than the modified calcium oxide, and the dispersion uniformity is higher.
According to the detection data of the embodiment 1 and the embodiments 8 to 10, the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol has a certain influence on the high temperature resistance of the sample, and the migration of the polyethylene glycol to the surface is less likely to occur in principle when the relative molecular weight is higher, so that the aging resistance is affected, but the excessively high relative molecular weight has a significant negative influence on the tensile strength of the sample, probably because the compatibility of the polyethylene glycol with the system is poor, so that the tensile strength of the sample is negatively affected.
According to the detection data of the embodiment 1 and the comparative examples 1-2, the composite use of the polylactic acid and the polyetherimide not only obviously improves the high temperature resistance, but also obviously improves the tensile strength.
In combination with the detection data of example 1 and comparative examples 3 to 5, the polyethyleneimine itself can improve the dispersion uniformity of the inorganic filler to a certain extent due to its better binding effect and adsorption effect, has a certain positive significance for the binding effect of each component, and can be verified in terms of tensile strength. Meanwhile, the quaternized polyethyleneimine and the modified inorganic filler have a matching relationship, namely the attraction of positive and negative charges is beneficial to improving the dispersion uniformity of the modified inorganic filler.
The specific embodiments are only for explaining the present application and are not limiting to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but all the embodiments are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a left back seat back support plastic part of light-duty high strength new energy automobile which characterized in that includes the raw materials of following parts by mass: 30-50 parts of polylactic acid, 50-70 parts of polyetherimide, 10-20 parts of quaternized polyethyleneimine, 3-10 parts of modified inorganic filler and 1-5 parts of other additives; the modified inorganic filler is obtained by wet grinding of an inorganic filler by an anionic surfactant;
the modified inorganic filler comprises at least one of modified calcium oxide, modified silicon dioxide and modified zinc oxide;
the particle size of the modified inorganic filler is 50-100 mu m;
the other auxiliary agents are an anti-aging agent and a plasticizer according to the mass ratio of 1: (3-5).
2. The plastic part for the bracket of the back seat of the left rear seat of the light-weight and high-strength new energy automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the quaternized polyethyleneimine comprises the following steps:
adding propylene oxide into a polyethyleneimine water solution in a dropwise manner, stirring for reaction, and heating to evaporate unreacted propylene oxide after the reaction is finished to obtain a mixed solution;
and mixing the benzyl chloride mixed solution, standing for layering, taking supernatant fluid for extraction to obtain a quaternized polyethyleneimine solution, and drying to obtain a quaternized polyethyleneimine finished product.
3. The plastic part for a bracket of a left back seat backrest of a light-weight and high-strength new energy automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified inorganic filler comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring the inorganic filler and the anionic surfactant to obtain a mixture; and wet grinding the mixture, and drying to obtain the modified inorganic filler.
4. The left rear seat back bracket plastic part of the light-duty high-strength new energy automobile as claimed in claim 3, wherein the anionic surfactant comprises at least one of polyacrylamide, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and fatty alcohol sulfate.
5. The plastic part for the bracket of the back seat of the left rear seat of the light-weight high-strength new energy automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anti-aging agent is a mixture of an ultraviolet absorber and an antioxidant in a mass ratio of 1.
6. The plastic part for the bracket of the back seat of the left light-duty high-strength new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is polyethylene glycol, and the relative molecular mass of the polyethylene glycol is Mn = (10.1 to 16.5) kg/mol.
7. The preparation method of the plastic part for the bracket of the back rest of the left rear seat of the light-weight high-strength new energy automobile as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:
mixing materials: mixing polylactic acid, polyetherimide, polyethyleneimine, inorganic filler and other auxiliaries to obtain a mixture;
melt extrusion: and melting and extruding the mixture, and shaping through a die to obtain a finished product.
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| JP5882710B2 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2016-03-09 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | Polylactic acid resin composition and resin molded body thereof |
| JP5936953B2 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2016-06-22 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | Polylactic acid resin composition and resin molded body thereof |
| EP3280762B1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2021-07-14 | Earth Renewable Technologies | Extrudable polymer composition and method of making molded articles utilizing the same |
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| CN112552537A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 广州荣哲科技有限公司 | TiO 22Antibacterial film of-quaternized polyethyleneimine modified polylactic acid and preparation method thereof |
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