CN114735877B - Device for treating metal product hydrochloric acid waste liquid by sulfonation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid waste liquid treatment, and discloses a device for treating a metal product hydrochloric acid waste liquid by a sulfonation method, which comprises a main reaction system for heating, evaporating and sulfonating the hydrochloric acid waste liquid, and a composite condensation system communicated with the main reaction system and used for carrying out integrated condensation treatment; the main reaction system comprises a heating evaporation system and a reaction system; the heating evaporation system comprises a liquid inlet device for shunting, a primary preheating device communicated with the liquid inlet device, a secondary preheating device communicated with the primary preheating device, and a negative pressure membrane thermal evaporation device communicated with the secondary preheating device; the secondary preheating device comprises a second heating tank with a water inlet communicated with the primary preheating device and second heating pipes uniformly and vertically arranged on the inner wall of the second heating tank; the device has the advantages of high integration degree, small occupied area and low energy consumption.

Description

A device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid waste liquid treatment, in particular to a device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation.

Background technique

Waste acid not only has a large output, but also has dangerous characteristics such as corrosiveness, toxicity and reactivity. Improper disposal will not only cause harm to the environment, but also a serious waste of resources. As the national environmental protection requirements become more and more stringent, the problem of waste acid will seriously restrict the development of petrochemical and chemical enterprises. The harmlessness, reduction and recycling of waste acid will also promote the development of related technologies. Traditionally commonly used hydrochloric acid waste liquid treatment technologies for steel products include neutralization precipitation method, direct roasting method, evaporation method, ion exchange resin method, membrane separation method, extraction method, chemical conversion method, etc. Compared with the above treatment technologies, the sulfonation method has There are no three wastes discharged, the treatment process is environmentally friendly, pollution-free, low energy consumption, and the treatment process is safe.

The device used in the prior art for treating waste acid by sulfonation usually needs to use independent equipment for the process of condensation to prepare hydrochloric acid and crystalline sulfate, which has the disadvantage of high energy consumption. In addition, the processing device provided by the prior art has a large floor area, high investment, and various equipment, which is not conducive to the production of small and medium-sized waste acid production enterprises.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by the sulfonation method, which has the advantages of high degree of integration, small footprint and low energy consumption.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method, including a main reaction system for heating, evaporating and sulfonating the hydrochloric acid waste liquid, and communicating with the main reaction system for Composite condensation system for integrated condensation treatment;

The main reaction system includes a heating evaporation system and a reaction system;

The heating and evaporating system includes a liquid inlet device for splitting, a primary preheating device communicated with the liquid inlet device, a secondary preheating device communicated with the primary preheating device, and a secondary preheating device communicated with the secondary Negative pressure film thermal evaporation device connected to the preheating device;

The secondary preheating device includes a second heating tank whose water inlet communicates with the primary preheating device, and a second heating pipe uniformly and vertically arranged on the inner wall of the second heating tank;

The negative pressure film thermal evaporation device includes a plurality of negative pressure evaporation tanks uniformly and vertically arranged on the side of the second heating tank, arranged at the lower end of the negative pressure evaporation tank and communicating with the water outlet at the lower end of the second heating tank The water inlet assembly of the negative pressure tank, the negative pressure turbofan set on the upper end of the negative pressure evaporation tank for extracting steam, the film heat assembly set in the middle of the negative pressure evaporation tank, and the negative pressure evaporation tank And the negative pressure tank drainage assembly located between the negative pressure turbofan and the film thermal assembly;

The reaction system includes a reaction tank arranged directly below the negative pressure evaporation tank and coincident with the central axis of the negative pressure evaporation tank; the upper end of the reaction tank communicates with the drainage assembly of the negative pressure tank; the upper end of the reaction tank is provided with Negative pressure exhaust pipe, the lower end of the reaction tank is provided with a drain pipe;

The composite condensation system includes a vertically arranged condensation chamber main body, an upper connector arranged at the upper end of the condensation chamber main body, a lower end storage device arranged at the lower end of the condensation chamber main body, and an upper end connected to the main body of the condensation chamber. The upper connector and the lower end are connected to the integrated condenser of the lower storage;

The lower storage includes a first storage chamber and a second storage chamber;

The upper end connector includes a first connecting chamber communicating with the negative pressure exhaust pipe and the exhaust steam end of the negative pressure turbo fan, and a second connecting chamber communicating with the drain pipe;

The integrated condenser includes a hydrochloric acid condensation tube and a sulfate crystallization tube vertically arranged in the middle of the main body of the condensation chamber:

The lower end of the hydrochloric acid condensation pipe communicates with the first storage chamber, and the upper end communicates with the first connecting chamber;

The lower end of the sulfate crystallization tube communicates with the second storage chamber, and the upper end communicates with the second connection chamber.

Further, a cooling liquid inlet is provided on the main body of the condensation chamber and located below the upper connector, and a cooling liquid outlet is provided on the main body of the condensation chamber and above the lower storage device;

A refrigeration cycle assembly is connected between the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet.

The hydrochloric acid condensation pipe and the sulfate crystallization pipe directly penetrate the main body of the condensation chamber so that the hydrochloric acid condensation pipe and the sulfate crystallization pipe are in direct contact with the cooling liquid. The advantage is that the heat exchange efficiency can be effectively improved and the heat exchange energy consumption can be reduced.

Further, the first-stage preheating device includes a plurality of first heating tanks arranged vertically on the side of the second heating tank and evenly distributed along the central axis of the second heating tank. plate, and the first heating tube arranged in the first heating tank.

The hydrochloric acid waste liquid can be preliminarily heated through the primary preheating device, thereby improving the heating and evaporation efficiency of the negative pressure film thermal evaporation device.

Further, the middle partition divides the first heating tank into a U-shaped channel; one end of the U-shaped channel is connected to the liquid inlet device, and the other end is connected to the second heating tank;

The first heating pipe is a U-shaped heating pipe.

The arrangement of the U-shaped channel and the U-shaped heating pipe can extend the length of the heating channel, reduce the footprint of the first-stage preheating device, and make the structure more compact.

Further, the film heating assembly includes a mounting frame arranged on the inner wall of the negative pressure evaporation tank, and a plurality of heating membranes are uniformly arranged on the mounting frame from top to bottom;

Circular small holes are uniformly arranged on the heating membrane.

By arranging the heating membrane from top to bottom, the waste acid liquid can pass through the heating membrane vertically, which is conducive to uniform heating of the waste acid liquid, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency.

Further, a filter assembly is movable inside the second storage chamber; the filter assembly can filter and collect sulfate crystals; the filter assembly can be quickly replaced through the active setting of the filter assembly, concentrate the sulfate, and can Effectively avoid clogging of filter components.

Further, one side of the reaction tank is provided with a sulfuric acid adding tank communicated with the reaction tank; the inside of the sulfuric acid adding tank can store the sulfuric acid solution participating in the reaction, and the sulfuric acid solution and chloride can produce sulfate and hydrogen chloride gas; thereby realizing the reaction of hydrochloric acid effective recycling.

Further, a pressure sensor is arranged in the negative pressure evaporation tank; the arrangement of the pressure sensor can detect the negative pressure inside the negative pressure evaporation tank.

More preferably, the sulfate crystallization tube is a crystallization circular tube vertically arranged at the center of the main body of the condensation chamber;

The hydrochloric acid condensing pipe includes 2 to 4 spiral pipes arranged around the periphery of the crystallization circular pipe.

The length of the hydrochloric acid condensation tube can be further extended by the setting of the spiral pipeline, and the condensation time of the hydrogen chloride gas can be increased; the crystallization circular tube arranged vertically can effectively avoid the blockage of the crystallization circular tube.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by the sulfonation method, through the setting of the hydrochloric acid condensation pipe, the sulfate crystallization pipe, the main body of the condensation chamber, the upper end connector, and the lower end storage device, it can realize the Simultaneous condensation of the hydrochloric acid condensing tube and the sulfate crystallization tube, and the direct contact between the cooling liquid and the hydrochloric acid condensing tube and the sulfate crystallization tube can realize high-efficiency heat exchange; Energy consumption; on the other hand, it can improve the compactness of the structure and reduce the floor area; this device can reduce the evaporation temperature by evaporating in the negative pressure environment generated by the negative pressure film thermal evaporation device, and can effectively improve the evaporation temperature through the evenly arranged heating diaphragm. efficiency, thereby further reducing energy consumption overall.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the main reaction system of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the heating evaporation system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the compound condensation system of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the interior of the compound condensation system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first-stage preheating device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a heating membrane in Example 3 of the present invention;

Among them, 1-main reaction system, 2-compound condensation system, 20-main body of condensation chamber, 21-upper connector, 22-lower storage, 23-integrated condenser, 220-first storage chamber, 221-second storage Chamber, 210-first connection chamber, 211-second connection chamber, 230-hydrochloric acid condensation tube, 231-sulfate crystallization tube, 200-coolant inlet, 201-coolant outlet, 3-heating evaporation system, 30-liquid inlet device, 31-first-stage preheating device, 310-first heating tank, 311-middle partition, 312-first heating tube, 32-secondary preheating device, 33-negative pressure film thermal evaporation device , 320-Second heating tank, 321-Second heating pipe, 330-Negative pressure evaporation tank body, 331-Negative pressure tank water inlet assembly, 332-Negative pressure turbofan, 333-Negative pressure tank drainage assembly, 334-Installation Frame, 335-heating diaphragm, 4-reaction system, 40-reaction tank, 41-negative pressure exhaust pipe, 42-drainage pipe, 43-sulfuric acid adding tank.

Detailed ways

Example 1

A device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation as shown in Fig. Composite condensation system with integrated condensation treatment 2;

The main reaction system 1 includes a heating evaporation system 3 and a reaction system 4;

As shown in Figure 2, the heating evaporation system 3 includes a liquid inlet device 30 for splitting, a primary preheater 31 communicated with the liquid inlet device 30, and a secondary preheater 32 communicated with the primary preheater 31 , a negative pressure film thermal evaporation device 33 communicated with the secondary preheating device 32;

The secondary preheating device 32 includes a second heating tank 320 whose water inlet communicates with the primary preheating device 31, and a second heating pipe 321 uniformly and vertically arranged on the inner wall of the second heating tank 320;

As shown in Figure 3, the negative pressure film thermal evaporation device 33 includes 6 negative pressure evaporation tank bodies 330 which are evenly and vertically arranged on the side of the second heating tank 320, arranged at the lower end of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 and connected with the second heating tank The negative pressure tank water inlet assembly 331 connected to the water outlet at the lower end of 320, the negative pressure turbofan 332 arranged on the upper end of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 for extracting steam, the film heat assembly arranged in the middle of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330, and the set The negative pressure tank drainage assembly 333 on the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 and located between the negative pressure turbofan 332 and the film heat assembly;

The reaction system 4 includes a reaction tank 40 which is arranged directly below the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 and coincides with the central axis of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330; the upper end of the reaction tank 40 communicates with the negative pressure tank drainage assembly 333; the upper end of the reaction tank 40 is provided with a negative Pressure pumping pipe 41, the lower end of reaction tank 40 is provided with drain pipe 42;

As shown in Figure 4, the composite condensation system 2 includes a vertically arranged condensation chamber main body 20, an upper connector 21 arranged at the upper end of the condensation chamber main body 20, a lower end storage device 22 arranged at the lower end of the condensation chamber main body 20, and a bottom storage device arranged at the condensation chamber main body. 20 and the integrated condenser 23 whose upper end communicates with the upper connector 21 and whose lower end communicates with the lower storage device 22;

The lower storage chamber 22 includes a first storage chamber 220 and a second storage chamber 221;

The upper connector 21 includes a first connecting chamber 210 communicating with the negative pressure exhaust pipe 41 and the exhaust steam end of the negative pressure turbofan 332, and a second connecting chamber 211 communicating with the drain pipe 42;

As shown in Figure 5, the integrated condenser 23 includes a hydrochloric acid condensation pipe 230 and a sulfate crystallization pipe 231 vertically arranged in the middle of the condensation chamber main body 20:

The lower end of the hydrochloric acid condensation pipe 230 communicates with the first storage chamber 220, and the upper end communicates with the first connecting chamber 210;

The lower end of the sulfate crystallization tube 231 communicates with the second storage chamber 221 , and the upper end communicates with the second connection chamber 211 .

A coolant inlet 200 is provided on the main body 20 of the condensation chamber and below the upper connector 21 , and a coolant outlet 201 is provided on the main body 20 of the condensation chamber and above the lower storage device 22 ;

A filter assembly is movably disposed inside the second storage chamber 221 .

One side of the reaction tank 40 is provided with a sulfuric acid adding tank 43 communicating with the reaction tank 40 .

A pressure sensor is arranged in the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 .

A refrigeration cycle assembly is connected between the coolant inlet 200 and the coolant outlet 201 .

The film heat component is a heating sheet evenly attached to the inner wall of the negative pressure evaporation tank 330;

The primary preheating device 31 adopts a conventional electric heating tank.

Among them, the electric heating tank, heating sheet, pressure sensor, refrigeration cycle assembly, negative pressure turbofan 332, and second heating tube 321 are all existing commercially available products, and specific product models can be selected by those skilled in the art according to needs.

The use method of this device: first pass the hydrochloric acid waste liquid into the liquid inlet device 30, preheat the hydrochloric acid waste liquid through the primary preheating device 31, and heat the hydrochloric acid waste liquid to 40-50°C; then pass the hydrochloric acid waste liquid into the secondary The preheating device 32 heats the hydrochloric acid waste liquid to 60-80°C; then evaporates it under negative pressure in the negative pressure film thermal evaporation device 33, and uses the negative pressure turbofan 332 to generate negative pressure; and discharges the generated steam to the upper End connector 21; in the reaction system 4, the waste liquid discharged from the negative pressure tank drainage assembly 333 is processed again, and hydrogen chloride gas and sulfate solution are generated by adding sulfuric acid solution; then the hydrogen chloride gas is passed through the upper connector 21 into hydrochloric acid to condense In the tube 230, the sulfate solution is passed into the sulfate crystallization tube 231, and the condensation chamber body 20 is used to condense the hydrochloric acid condensation tube 230 and the sulfate crystallization tube 231 at the same time; finally, hydrochloric acid solution and sulfate crystals are obtained.

Example 2

A device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method, including a main reaction system 1 for heating, evaporating and sulfonating the hydrochloric acid waste liquid, and a composite condensation system connected with the main reaction system 1 for integrated condensation treatment System 2;

The main reaction system 1 includes a heating evaporation system 3 and a reaction system 4;

The heating evaporation system 3 includes a liquid inlet device 30 for splitting, a primary preheater 31 communicated with the liquid inlet device 30, a secondary preheater 32 communicated with the primary preheater 31, and a secondary preheater 32 communicated with the primary preheater 31. The negative pressure film heat evaporation device 33 that device 32 communicates;

The secondary preheating device 32 includes a second heating tank 320 whose water inlet communicates with the primary preheating device 31, and a second heating pipe 321 uniformly and vertically arranged on the inner wall of the second heating tank 320;

The negative pressure film thermal evaporation device 33 includes 6 negative pressure evaporation tanks 330 which are uniformly and vertically arranged on the side of the second heating tank 320, and are arranged at the lower end of the negative pressure evaporation tank 330 and communicate with the water outlet at the lower end of the second heating tank 320. The water inlet assembly 331 of the negative pressure tank, the negative pressure turbofan 332 arranged on the upper end of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 for extracting steam, the film thermal assembly arranged in the middle of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330, and the 330 and the negative pressure tank drainage assembly 333 located between the negative pressure turbofan 332 and the film thermal assembly;

The reaction system 4 includes a reaction tank 40 which is arranged directly below the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 and coincides with the central axis of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330; the upper end of the reaction tank 40 communicates with the negative pressure tank drainage assembly 333; the upper end of the reaction tank 40 is provided with a negative Pressure pumping pipe 41, the lower end of reaction tank 40 is provided with drain pipe 42;

The composite condensation system 2 includes a vertically arranged condensation chamber main body 20, an upper connector 21 arranged at the upper end of the condensation chamber main body 20, a lower end storage device 22 arranged at the lower end of the condensation chamber main body 20, and an upper end connected to the upper end of the condensation chamber main body 20. The connector 21, the integrated condenser 23 whose lower end communicates with the lower end storage device 22;

The lower storage chamber 22 includes a first storage chamber 220 and a second storage chamber 221;

The upper connector 21 includes a first connecting chamber 210 communicating with the negative pressure exhaust pipe 41 and the exhaust steam end of the negative pressure turbofan 332, and a second connecting chamber 211 communicating with the drain pipe 42;

The integrated condenser 23 includes a hydrochloric acid condensation pipe 230 and a sulfate crystallization pipe 231 vertically arranged in the middle of the condensation chamber main body 20:

The lower end of the hydrochloric acid condensation pipe 230 communicates with the first storage chamber 220, and the upper end communicates with the first connecting chamber 210;

The lower end of the sulfate crystallization tube 231 communicates with the second storage chamber 221 , and the upper end communicates with the second connection chamber 211 .

A coolant inlet 200 is provided on the main body 20 of the condensation chamber and below the upper connector 21 , and a coolant outlet 201 is provided on the main body 20 of the condensation chamber and above the lower storage device 22 ;

A filter assembly is movably disposed inside the second storage chamber 221 .

One side of the reaction tank 40 is provided with a sulfuric acid adding tank 43 communicating with the reaction tank 40 .

A pressure sensor is arranged in the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 .

A refrigeration cycle assembly is connected between the coolant inlet 200 and the coolant outlet 201 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the primary preheating device 31 includes six first heating tanks 310 arranged vertically on the side of the second heating tank 320 and evenly distributed with the central axis of the second heating tank 320 . The middle partition 311 inside, and the first heating pipe 312 arranged in the first heating tank 310 .

The middle partition 311 divides the first heating tank 310 into a U-shaped channel; one end of the U-shaped channel is connected to the liquid inlet device 30, and the other end is connected to the second heating tank 320;

The first heating pipe 312 is a U-shaped heating pipe.

The film heating element is a heating sheet evenly attached to the inner wall of the negative pressure evaporation tank 330 .

Among them, the U-shaped heating tube, heating sheet, pressure sensor, refrigeration cycle assembly, negative pressure turbofan 332, and second heating tube 321 all use existing commercially available products, and specific product models can be selected by those skilled in the art according to needs. .

Example 3

A device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method, including a main reaction system 1 for heating, evaporating and sulfonating the hydrochloric acid waste liquid, and a composite condensation system connected with the main reaction system 1 for integrated condensation treatment System 2;

The main reaction system 1 includes a heating evaporation system 3 and a reaction system 4;

The heating evaporation system 3 includes a liquid inlet device 30 for splitting, a primary preheater 31 communicated with the liquid inlet device 30, a secondary preheater 32 communicated with the primary preheater 31, and a secondary preheater 32 communicated with the primary preheater 31. The negative pressure film heat evaporation device 33 that device 32 communicates;

The secondary preheating device 32 includes a second heating tank 320 whose water inlet communicates with the primary preheating device 31, and a second heating pipe 321 uniformly and vertically arranged on the inner wall of the second heating tank 320;

The negative pressure film thermal evaporation device 33 includes 6 negative pressure evaporation tanks 330 which are uniformly and vertically arranged on the side of the second heating tank 320, and are arranged at the lower end of the negative pressure evaporation tank 330 and communicate with the water outlet at the lower end of the second heating tank 320. The water inlet assembly 331 of the negative pressure tank, the negative pressure turbofan 332 arranged on the upper end of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 for extracting steam, the film thermal assembly arranged in the middle of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330, and the 330 and the negative pressure tank drainage assembly 333 located between the negative pressure turbofan 332 and the film thermal assembly;

The reaction system 4 includes a reaction tank 40 which is arranged directly below the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 and coincides with the central axis of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330; the upper end of the reaction tank 40 communicates with the negative pressure tank drainage assembly 333; the upper end of the reaction tank 40 is provided with a negative Pressure pumping pipe 41, the lower end of reaction tank 40 is provided with drain pipe 42;

The composite condensation system 2 includes a vertically arranged condensation chamber main body 20, an upper connector 21 arranged at the upper end of the condensation chamber main body 20, a lower end storage device 22 arranged at the lower end of the condensation chamber main body 20, and an upper end connected to the upper end of the condensation chamber main body 20. The connector 21, the integrated condenser 23 whose lower end communicates with the lower end storage device 22;

The lower storage chamber 22 includes a first storage chamber 220 and a second storage chamber 221;

The upper connector 21 includes a first connecting chamber 210 communicating with the negative pressure exhaust pipe 41 and the exhaust steam end of the negative pressure turbofan 332, and a second connecting chamber 211 communicating with the drain pipe 42;

The integrated condenser 23 includes a hydrochloric acid condensation pipe 230 and a sulfate crystallization pipe 231 vertically arranged in the middle of the condensation chamber main body 20:

The lower end of the hydrochloric acid condensation pipe 230 communicates with the first storage chamber 220, and the upper end communicates with the first connecting chamber 210;

The lower end of the sulfate crystallization tube 231 communicates with the second storage chamber 221 , and the upper end communicates with the second connection chamber 211 .

A coolant inlet 200 is provided on the main body 20 of the condensation chamber and below the upper connector 21 , and a coolant outlet 201 is provided on the main body 20 of the condensation chamber and above the lower storage device 22 ;

A filter assembly is movably disposed inside the second storage chamber 221 .

One side of the reaction tank 40 is provided with a sulfuric acid adding tank 43 communicating with the reaction tank 40 .

A pressure sensor is arranged in the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330 .

A refrigeration cycle assembly is connected between the coolant inlet 200 and the coolant outlet 201 .

The primary preheating device 31 includes six first heating tanks 310 arranged vertically on the side of the second heating tank 320 and uniformly distributed along the central axis of the second heating tank 320 , and the middle partition 311 arranged in the first heating tank 310 , and the first heating tube 312 disposed in the first heating tank 310 .

The middle partition 311 divides the first heating tank 310 into a U-shaped channel; one end of the U-shaped channel is connected to the liquid inlet device 30, and the other end is connected to the second heating tank 320;

The first heating pipe 312 is a U-shaped heating pipe.

As shown in Figure 7, the film heat assembly includes a mounting frame 334 arranged on the inner wall of the negative pressure evaporation tank body 330, and 8 heating membranes 335 evenly arranged on the mounting frame 334 from top to bottom;

The heating film 335 is uniformly provided with small circular holes.

The sulfate crystallization tube 231 is a crystallization circular tube vertically arranged at the center of the condensation chamber main body 20;

The hydrochloric acid condensation pipe 230 includes 3 spiral pipes that are arranged on the periphery of the crystallization circular pipe.

Wherein, the U-shaped heating tube, the heating diaphragm 335, the pressure sensor, the refrigeration cycle assembly, the negative pressure turbofan 332, and the second heating tube 321 all adopt existing commercially available products, and the specific product models can be selected by those skilled in the art as required. Make a selection.

Claims (7)

1. A device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method, characterized in that it includes a main reaction system (1) for heating, evaporating and sulfonating waste hydrochloric acid liquid, and the main reaction system (1) with said main reaction system ( 1) Connected to the compound condensation system (2) for integrated condensation treatment; The main reaction system (1) includes a heating evaporation system (3) and a reaction system (4); The heating evaporation system (3) includes a liquid inlet device (30) for splitting, a primary preheating device (31) communicated with the liquid inlet device (30), and a primary preheating device ( 31) A connected secondary preheating device (32), a negative pressure film thermal evaporation device (33) connected to the secondary preheating device (32); The secondary preheating device (32) includes a second heating tank (320) whose water inlet communicates with the primary preheating device (31). Two heating pipes (321); The negative pressure film thermal evaporation device (33) includes a plurality of negative pressure evaporation tanks (330) uniformly and vertically arranged on the side of the second heating tank (320). ) at the lower end of the negative pressure tank (331) connected to the water outlet at the lower end of the second heating tank (320), and a negative pressure turbofan (332) installed at the upper end of the negative pressure evaporation tank (330) for extracting steam ), the film thermal assembly arranged in the middle of the negative pressure evaporation tank (330), and the negative pressure installed on the negative pressure evaporation tank (330) and between the negative pressure turbofan (332) and the film thermal assembly tank drain assembly (333); The reaction system (4) includes a reaction tank (40) arranged directly below the negative pressure evaporation tank (330) and coincident with the central axis of the negative pressure evaporation tank (330); the upper end of the reaction tank (40) Connected with the negative pressure tank drainage assembly (333); the upper end of the reaction tank (40) is provided with a negative pressure exhaust pipe (41), and the lower end of the reaction tank (40) is provided with a drain pipe (42); The composite condensation system (2) includes a vertically arranged condensation chamber main body (20), an upper end connector (21) disposed at the upper end of the condensation chamber main body (20), and a A lower storage device (22), and an integrated condenser (23) arranged in the main body (20) of the condensing chamber with the upper end connected to the upper connector (21) and the lower end connected to the lower storage device (22); The lower storage chamber (22) includes a first storage chamber (220) and a second storage chamber (221); The upper end connector (21) includes a first connection chamber (210) communicating with the negative pressure exhaust pipe (41) and the exhaust steam end of the negative pressure turbofan (332), and the first connection chamber (210) connected with the liquid discharge pipe (42) a connected second connection chamber (211); The integrated condenser (23) includes a hydrochloric acid condensation tube (230) and a sulfate crystallization tube (231) vertically arranged in the middle of the condensation chamber body (20): The lower end of the hydrochloric acid condensation pipe (230) communicates with the first storage chamber (220), and the upper end communicates with the first connecting chamber (210); The lower end of the sulfate crystallization tube (231) communicates with the second storage chamber (221), and the upper end communicates with the second connecting chamber (211); The first-stage preheating device (31) includes a plurality of first heating tanks (310) arranged vertically on the side of the second heating tank (320) and uniformly distributed along the central axis of the second heating tank (320). an intermediate partition (311) in the first heating tank (310), and a first heating pipe (312) arranged in the first heating tank (310); One side of the reaction tank (40) is provided with a sulfuric acid adding tank (43) communicating with the reaction tank (40). 2. A device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method according to claim 1, characterized in that a cooling liquid is provided on the main body (20) of the condensation chamber and below the upper connector (21) Inlet (200), a coolant outlet (201) is provided on the main body (20) of the condensation chamber and above the lower storage (22); A refrigeration cycle component is connected between the cooling liquid inlet (200) and the cooling liquid outlet (201). 3. A device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the middle partition (311) divides the first heating tank (310) into U-shaped channels; One end of the U-shaped channel is connected to the liquid inlet device (30), and the other end is connected to the second heating tank (320); The first heating pipe (312) is a U-shaped heating pipe. 4. The device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the membrane thermal assembly includes a mounting frame arranged on the inner wall of the negative pressure evaporation tank (330) (334), a plurality of heating diaphragms (335) uniformly arranged on the mounting frame (334) from top to bottom; Small circular holes are uniformly arranged on the heating membrane (335). 5. The device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the second storage chamber (221) is movably provided with a filter assembly. 6. The device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressure sensor is arranged in the negative pressure evaporation tank (330). 7. The device for treating hydrochloric acid waste liquid of metal products by sulfonation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sulfate crystallization tube (231) is a vertically arranged center of the main body (20) of the condensation chamber crystal tube; The hydrochloric acid condensation pipe (230) includes 2 to 4 spiral pipes arranged around the periphery of the crystallization circular pipe.

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