CN114734134A - High-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding method and system for aluminum alloy ultrathin plate - Google Patents
High-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding method and system for aluminum alloy ultrathin plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114734134A CN114734134A CN202210259667.8A CN202210259667A CN114734134A CN 114734134 A CN114734134 A CN 114734134A CN 202210259667 A CN202210259667 A CN 202210259667A CN 114734134 A CN114734134 A CN 114734134A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
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Abstract
The invention relates to a friction stir welding method and a friction stir welding system for a high-speed micro shaft shoulder of an aluminum alloy ultrathin plate, which comprise the following steps: step S1: compressing and fixing the welding piece, and setting a starting position and an ending position of welding; step S2: and driving a micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool to weld the welding piece from the welding initial position by using friction stir welding equipment from the welding preset initial position, so that the position variation of the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool in the vertical direction in the welding process is smaller than 0.02mm, the rotating speed of an electric spindle of the friction stir welding equipment is not smaller than 10000rpm, the welding speed of the friction stir welding equipment is not smaller than 1000mm/min, and the welding is kept until the preset welding end position is reached. The invention avoids the defects of welding through or grooves and the like caused by manual welding and manual adjustment difficulty, and ensures that the welding seam is beautiful, the consistency is good and the rejection rate is extremely low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir welding, in particular to a friction stir welding method and system for a high-speed micro shaft shoulder of an aluminum alloy ultrathin plate.
Background
The friction stir welding technology is a novel solid phase connection method, and is widely applied to the industries of aerospace, rail transit, new energy automobiles and the like due to the advantages of low welding heat input, small deformation, good welding seam performance, no need of filling materials and the like. However, friction stir welding is mainly used for welding of a plate thickness of 2mm or more, and few studies have been made on welding of a thin plate of 1mm or less.
In the field of new energy automobiles, blade batteries are developed rapidly, the shell of each blade battery is made of an aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 0.5mm, laser welding is mainly adopted at present, but deformation after welding is large, and a plurality of problems are brought to subsequent production, and friction stir welding is one of the most ideal alternative methods.
The british research institute of welding has proposed the concept of micro friction stir welding (μ FSW) for thin plates with a thickness of 1mm or less, and reliable connection of thin plates with a thickness of 0.5mm or more can be achieved by using the micro friction stir welding technology at present.
However, the study is rarely made on ultrathin plates with the thickness of less than 0.5mm, and the problems of wrinkling, deformation, serious thinning and the like of the ultrathin plates with the thickness of less than 0.5mm due to overlarge axial force and friction force can be caused by adopting a micro friction stir welding method of British welding research institute.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a friction stir welding method and a friction stir welding system for an aluminum alloy ultrathin plate high-speed micro shaft shoulder.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a friction stir welding method for an aluminum alloy ultrathin plate with a high-speed micro-shaft shoulder comprises the following steps:
step S1: compressing and fixing the welding piece, and setting a starting position and an ending position of welding;
step S2: and driving a micro shaft shoulder stirring tool to weld the workpiece from the welding initial position by using friction stir welding equipment from the welding preset initial position, so that the position variation of the micro shaft shoulder stirring tool in the vertical direction in the welding process is smaller than 0.02mm, the rotating speed of an electric main shaft of the friction stir welding equipment is not smaller than 10000rpm, the welding speed of the friction stir welding equipment is not smaller than 1000mm/min, and the welding is kept until the preset welding end position is reached.
The method is further technically characterized in that: in step S2, the welding inclination angle of the stirring pin of the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool is 0-0.3 degrees, the pressing amount of the stirring pin is 0.02mm-0.05mm, and the speed of the stirring pin penetrating into the weldment is 0.3mm/min-0.5 mm/min.
A friction stir welding system for high-speed micro-shaft shoulder of aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate comprises
The fastening adjusting device is used for compressing and fixing the welding piece and setting a welding starting position and a welding ending position;
the adjusting device is used for setting the starting position and the ending position of welding;
the device comprises friction stir welding equipment, wherein the rotating speed of an electric spindle of the friction stir welding equipment is not less than 10000rpm, and the welding speed of the friction stir welding equipment is not less than 1000 mm/min;
the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool is connected with the friction stir welding equipment, the friction stir welding equipment drives the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool to weld a workpiece, and the position variation in the vertical direction in the welding process of the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool is smaller than 0.02 mm.
The method is further technically characterized in that: the fastening adjusting device comprises an electromagnetic tool, the electromagnetic tool comprises a plurality of replaceable base plates, a plurality of magnetic conductive strips and a fixing plate, and the magnetic conductive strips are arranged between every two adjacent replaceable base plates; the fixing plate is provided with a through groove; when the weldment is placed on the replaceable base plate, the fixing plate is placed on the weldment, and at the moment, the center line of the through groove is aligned with the center line of the welding seam of the weldment.
The method is further technically characterized in that: the fastening adjusting device further comprises a controller connected with the electromagnetic tool and used for controlling the magnetic conduction strip to generate magnetic force, and the fixing plate is pressed towards the weldment through the magnetic conduction strip generated magnetic force.
The method is further technically characterized in that: the width of the replaceable backing plate is 50mm-70mm, the thickness of the replaceable backing plate is 20mm-25mm, the flatness of the replaceable backing plate is smaller than 5 mu m or the flatness of the replaceable backing plate (5) is smaller than 0.05mm, and the surface roughness of the replaceable backing plate is not larger than 0.8 Ra.
The method is further technically characterized in that: the friction stir welding equipment comprises a driving source and an electric spindle connected with the driving source, wherein the driving source drives the electric spindle to rotate, and a micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool is driven to prick a weldment at a set pricking speed until a set depth position is reached.
The method is further technically characterized in that: the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool comprises a stirring pin, one end of the stirring pin is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the stirring pin is connected with the friction stir welding equipment and used for friction stir welding of the weldment; and the micro shaft shoulder stirring tool performs welding along the set welding line path.
The method is further technically characterized in that: the diameter of the shaft shoulder of the micro shaft shoulder stirring tool is 2.5mm-3.5 mm.
The method is further technically characterized in that: the high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system for the aluminum alloy ultrathin plate further comprises a control system, and the friction stir welding system is connected with the friction stir welding equipment and used for controlling the friction stir welding equipment to drive the micro-shoulder stirring tool, so that the Z-axis position variation in the welding process of the micro-shoulder stirring tool is smaller than 0.02 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
in the friction stir welding process, the welding piece is clamped by an electromagnetic tool, so that the problem that the ultrathin welding piece is extruded and tilted when being heated during welding is solved; the welding is carried out by adopting a 2.5mm-3.5mm micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool, so that the heat input in the welding process can be reduced, the pressure in the welding process can be reduced, and the problem that the back surface of a weldment is adhered to a tooling base plate due to overlarge upsetting force and heat input of the weldment is avoided; the electric spindle equipment with the rotating speed of more than 10000rpm is adopted to realize high-speed welding of more than 1000 mm/min.
In addition, because the thickness of the weldment is only 0.3-0.5mm, the welding process is extremely difficult to control manually, and a welding process control system is adopted, the whole welding process can be automatically controlled, the Z-axis variable quantity can be kept to be less than 0.02mm, the defects of welding penetration or grooves and the like caused by manual welding manual adjustment difficulty are avoided, and the welding line is attractive, good in consistency and extremely low in rejection rate.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference will now be made in detail to the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system for an aluminum alloy ultrathin plate.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a welding process of the aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a fixing plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a tensile test piece.
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of hardness test points.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a metallographic specimen.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a weld sampling location.
FIG. 8 is a weld surface forming diagram of a 0.5mm ultra-thin aluminum alloy sheet.
FIG. 9 is a weld surface forming diagram of a 0.3mm ultra-thin aluminum alloy sheet.
FIG. 10 is a mu FSW optimal process parameter structure diagram of the 0.5mm ultrathin aluminum alloy plate.
FIG. 11 is a mu FSW optimal process parameter structure diagram of a 0.3mm ultrathin aluminum alloy plate.
FIG. 12 is a micro-hardness distribution diagram of a 0.5mm ultra-thin aluminum alloy plate mu FSW optimal process parameter joint.
FIG. 13 is a micro-hardness distribution diagram of a 0.3mm ultra-thin aluminum alloy plate mu FSW optimal process parameter joint.
The specification reference numbers indicate: 1. an electric spindle; 2. a micro-shoulder stirring tool; 3. a fixing plate; 4. welding parts; 5. the base plate can be replaced; 6. an electromagnetic tool; 7. a controller; 8. and (5) controlling the system.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can carry out the present invention, but the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The foregoing and other technical matters, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings. Directional terms as referred to in the following examples, for example: up, down, left, right, front or rear, etc., are simply directions with reference to the drawings. Therefore, the directional terminology used is for the purpose of illustration and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention, and further, like reference numerals denote like elements throughout the embodiments.
Example 1:
a friction stir welding method for an aluminum alloy ultrathin plate with a high-speed micro shaft shoulder comprises the following steps:
step S1: compressing and fixing the welding piece 4, and setting a starting position and an ending position of welding;
step S2: and (3) driving the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool 2 to weld the welding piece 4 from the welding starting position by using the friction stir welding equipment 1 from the welding preset starting position, so that the position variation of the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool 2 in the vertical direction in the welding process is smaller than 0.02mm, the rotating speed of an electric spindle of the friction stir welding equipment 1 is not smaller than 10000rpm, the welding speed of the friction stir welding equipment 1 is not smaller than 1000mm/min, and the welding is kept until the preset welding ending position is reached.
In the present embodiment, the pin center of the micro shoulder stirring tool 2 is aligned with the bead center of the weldment 4, the positions are set to the X-axis zero point and the Y-axis zero point, and the pin-to-upper-surface contact position of the micro shoulder stirring tool 2 with the weldment 4 is set to the Z-axis zero point, which are the starting positions of welding.
In this embodiment, in step S2, the welding inclination angle of the probe of the micro-shoulder stirring tool 2 is 0 to 0.3 °, the penetration amount of the probe is 0.02mm to 0.05mm, and the penetration speed of the probe into the weldment is 0.3mm/min to 0.5 mm/min.
The embodiment 1 can reduce the heat input in the welding process and the pressure in the welding process, and avoid the problem that the back of a weldment is adhered with a tooling base plate due to overlarge upsetting force and heat input of the weldment; meanwhile, the electric spindle equipment with the rotating speed of more than 10000rpm is adopted to realize high-speed welding of more than 1000 mm/min. In addition, because the thickness of the weldment is only 0.3-0.5mm, the welding process is extremely difficult to control manually, the method provided by the invention can realize automatic control of the whole welding process, can keep the Z-axis variable quantity to be less than 0.02mm, avoids the defects of welding penetration or grooves and the like caused by manual welding manual adjustment difficulty, and ensures that the welding line is attractive, the consistency is good and the rejection rate is extremely low.
Example 2:
a friction stir welding system for high-speed micro-shaft shoulder of aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate comprises
And the fastening adjusting device is used for compressing and fixing the welding piece 4 and setting the starting position and the ending position of welding.
And the adjusting device is used for setting the starting position and the ending position of welding.
The rotational speed of an electric spindle of the friction stir welding equipment 1 is not less than 10000rpm, and the welding speed of the friction stir welding equipment 1 is not less than 1000 mm/min.
Little shaft shoulder stirring instrument 2 links to each other with friction stir welding equipment 1, and friction stir welding equipment 1 drive little shaft shoulder stirring instrument 2 welds 4, and little shaft shoulder stirring instrument 2 welding process in the position variation on the vertical direction is less than 0.02 mm.
In this embodiment, fastening adjusting device includes electromagnetism frock 6, and electromagnetism frock 6 includes a plurality of removable backing plates 5, a plurality of magnetic stripe and the fixed plate 3 of leading, sets up between two adjacent removable backing plates 5 and leads the magnetic stripe. The fixed plate 3 is provided with a through groove. When the weldment 4 is placed on the replaceable backing plate 5, the fastening plate 3 is placed over the weldment 4 with the center line of the through slot aligned with the center line of the weld of the weldment 4.
In this embodiment, the fastening adjusting device further includes a controller 7 connected to the electromagnetic tool 6 for controlling the magnetic guiding strip to generate magnetic force, and the magnetic guiding strip generates magnetic force to press the fixing plate 3 to the weldment 4.
Preferably, the suction force of the magnetic conductive strip is more than or equal to 160N/cm2. The weldment 4 is clamped by the electromagnetic tool 6, so that the problem that the ultrathin weldment 4 is heated and is extruded and tilted during welding is solved.
In the present embodiment, the length of the fixing plate 3 is set to L and the width thereof is set to b, and L and b satisfy the following conditions: l is (the length of the weldment 4 is +20) mm, and b is 150-200 mm; the thickness of the fixing plate 3 is 2mm, and the flatness of the fixing plate 3 is less than 0.1.
In the present embodiment, the length (L) of the through groove of the fixing plate 31) Equal to the length of the weldment 4 and the width (b) of the through slot of the fixing plate 31) Equal to the diameter of the shaft shoulder of the stirring pin of the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool 2 plus (1-1.5) mm.
In the present embodiment, the width of the replaceable pad 5 is 50mm to 70mm, the thickness of the replaceable pad 5 is 20mm to 25mm, the flatness of the replaceable pad 5 is less than 5 μm or the flatness of the replaceable pad 5 is less than 0.05mm, and the surface roughness of the replaceable pad 5 is not more than 0.8 Ra.
The friction stir welding equipment 1 comprises a driving source and an electric spindle connected with the driving source, wherein the driving source drives the electric spindle to rotate to drive the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool 2 to prick a weldment at a set pricking speed until a set depth position is reached.
The micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool 2 comprises a stirring pin, one end of the stirring pin is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the stirring pin is connected with the friction stir welding equipment 1 and used for stirring friction welding weldments 4. The micro-shoulder stirring tool 2 performs welding along the set welding line path.
In this embodiment, the length of the probe is equal to the thickness of the weldment 4- (0.1-0.2) mm.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the shaft shoulder of the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool 2 is 2.5mm to 3.5mm,
in this embodiment, the welding device further comprises a control system 8 connected to the friction stir welding device 1 for controlling the friction stir welding device 1 to drive the micro-shoulder stirring tool 2, so that the Z-axis position variation of the micro-shoulder stirring tool 2 in the welding process is less than 0.02 mm.
In the embodiment 2, an electromagnetic tool is adopted for clamping, so that the problem that an ultrathin weldment is heated and extruded and tilted during welding is solved; the welding method has the advantages that 2.5-3.5mm micro-shaft shoulder stirring tools are adopted for welding, so that the heat input in the welding process can be reduced, the pressure in the welding process can be reduced, and the problem that the back of a weldment is adhered to a tooling base plate due to overlarge upsetting force and heat input of the weldment is avoided.
With reference to fig. 4-13, after the 0.5mm aluminum alloy ultrathin plate and the 0.3mm aluminum alloy ultrathin plate are welded by the aluminum alloy ultrathin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system by the aluminum alloy ultrathin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding method, a tensile test, a microhardness test experiment, a microstructure observation and a weld sampling observation are performed.
Wherein the ordinate of fig. 12 and 13 represents microhardness in HV, and the abscissa of fig. 12 and 13 represents the distance from the center of the weld in mm.
Different shaft shoulder diameters, stirring head rotating speeds and welding speeds are set for the 0.5mm aluminum alloy ultrathin plate for welding, and the parameter settings are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1L16(43) Orthogonal test table
According to the above-mentioned L16(43) The optimal parameter combinations obtained after the tests and the analysis of the results of 16 sets of parameters in the orthogonal test are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 20.5 mm aluminium alloy ultra-thin plate optimum technological parameters
Accordingly, the 0.5mm aluminum alloy ultra-thin sheet was subjected to the tensile test as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 30.5 mm aluminium alloy ultrathin FSW joint tensile test result table
TABLE 4 test results for verifying optimum process parameters
From the above, it can be seen that: the combined weld surface formation and joint tensile test results for 0.5mm aluminum alloy ultra-thin sheet, and the results of fig. 12: the micro-hardness of the welding seam area is almost equal to that of the parent metal, the micro-hardness distribution is balanced, the fluctuation is small, the optimal process parameters are that the diameter of a shaft shoulder of a stirring head is 2.5mm, the rotating speed of the stirring head is 15000r/min, and the welding speed is 1000mm/min, the verification shows that the welding seam surface is well formed, the average tensile strength reaches 223.78MPa, and reaches 89.71% of the parent metal strength, and the method is the highest value of all test results.
Different shaft shoulder diameters, stirring head rotating speeds and welding speeds are set for the 0.3mm aluminum alloy ultrathin plate for welding, and the parameter settings are shown in table 5.
FSW welding process parameter table for 50.3 mm aluminum alloy ultrathin plate micro-shaft shoulder
TABLE 60.3 mm aluminium alloy ultrathin FSW joint tensile test result table
Of these, the test pieces No. 1-5 and 16 are known to have poor results and are not subjected to the FSW joint tensile test.
From the above, it can be seen that: for a 0.3mm aluminum alloy ultrathin plate, in the aspect of weld surface forming, except for the initial stage, a stirring head with the diameter of a shaft shoulder of 3.4mm is adopted for welding, the weld surface is attractive in forming, but the back of a test piece is seriously adhered to a tool, so that the test piece cannot be completely and nondestructively taken down after the weld is torn.
The stirring head with the diameter of the shaft shoulder being 2.5mm is adopted for welding, the back of the test piece is hardly adhered to the tool, and the surface of the welding line is well formed under the condition that the technological parameters are matched properly. The 16# test piece had good surface formation but did not weld through.
The results of the comprehensive weld surface forming and joint tensile test for 0.3mm aluminum alloy ultra-thin sheet and the results of fig. 13: the appearance of the two side regions 1mm from the center of the weld was clearly softened.
Therefore, the optimal process parameters are that the diameter of the shaft shoulder of the stirring head is 2.5mm, the rotating speed of the stirring head is 14000r/min, and the welding speed is 1200-1400 mm/min.
In summary, the following steps: in the friction stir welding process, the weldment is clamped by an electromagnetic tool, so that the problem that the ultrathin weldment is heated and extruded and tilted in the welding process is solved; the welding is carried out by adopting a micro shaft shoulder stirring tool with the shaft shoulder diameter of 2.5-3.5mm, so that the heat input in the welding process can be reduced, the pressure in the welding process can be reduced, and the problem that the back surface of a weldment is adhered to a tooling base plate due to overlarge upsetting force and heat input of the weldment is avoided; the electric spindle equipment with the rotating speed of more than 10000rpm can realize high-speed welding of more than 1000 mm/min.
In addition, because the thickness of the weldment is only 0.3mm-0.5mm, the welding process is extremely difficult to control manually, a welding process control system is adopted, the whole welding process can be automatically controlled, the Z-axis variable quantity can be kept to be less than 0.02mm, the defects of welding penetration or grooves and the like caused by manual welding manual adjustment difficulty are avoided, and the welding line is attractive, good in consistency and extremely low in rejection rate.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A friction stir welding method for an aluminum alloy ultrathin plate with a high-speed micro shaft shoulder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: compressing and fixing the welding piece (4), and setting a starting position and an ending position of welding;
step S2: the method comprises the steps that a friction stir welding device (1) is utilized to drive a micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool (2) to weld a welding piece (4) from a welding initial position from a welding preset initial position, so that the position variation of the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool (2) in the vertical direction in the welding process is smaller than 0.02mm, the rotating speed of an electric spindle of the friction stir welding device (1) is not smaller than 10000rpm, the welding speed of the friction stir welding device (1) is not smaller than 1000mm/min, and welding is kept until the preset welding end position is reached.
2. The aluminum alloy ultrathin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the welding inclination angle of the stirring pin of the micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool (2) is 0-0.3 degrees, the pressing amount of the stirring pin is 0.02mm-0.05mm, and the speed of the stirring pin penetrating into the weldment is 0.3mm/min-0.5 mm/min.
3. The utility model provides a high-speed little shaft shoulder friction stir welding system of aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate which characterized in that: the device comprises a fastening adjusting device, a welding part fixing device and a welding part fixing device, wherein the fastening adjusting device is used for compressing and fixing a welding part (4) and setting a starting position and an ending position of welding;
the adjusting device is used for setting the starting position and the ending position of welding;
the device comprises friction stir welding equipment (1), wherein the rotating speed of an electric spindle of the friction stir welding equipment (1) is not less than 10000rpm, and the welding speed of the friction stir welding equipment (1) is not less than 1000 mm/min;
little shaft shoulder stirring instrument (2), with friction stir welding equipment (1) links to each other, and friction stir welding equipment (1) drive little shaft shoulder stirring instrument (2) welds welding piece (4), and little shaft shoulder stirring instrument (2) welding in-process position variation is less than 0.02mm in the vertical direction.
4. The aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system of claim 3, wherein: the fastening adjusting device comprises an electromagnetic tool (6), the electromagnetic tool (6) comprises a plurality of replaceable base plates (5), a plurality of magnetic conductive strips and a fixing plate (3), and the magnetic conductive strips are arranged between every two adjacent replaceable base plates (5); a through groove is formed in the fixing plate (3); when the weldment (4) is placed on the replaceable base plate (5), the fixing plate (3) is placed on the weldment (4), and at the moment, the center line of the through groove is aligned with the center line of the welding seam of the weldment (4).
5. The aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system of claim 4, wherein: the fastening adjusting device further comprises a controller (7) connected with the electromagnetic tool (6) and used for controlling the magnetic conducting strips to generate magnetic force, and the fixing plate (3) is pressed towards the weldment (4) through the magnetic conducting strips to generate the magnetic force.
6. The aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system of claim 4, wherein: the width of removable backing plate (5) is 50mm-70mm, the thickness of removable backing plate (5) is 20mm-25mm, the plane degree of removable backing plate (5) is less than 5 mu m or the plane degree of removable backing plate (5) is less than 0.05mm, the surface roughness of removable backing plate (5) is not more than 0.8 Ra.
7. The aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system of claim 3, wherein: the friction stir welding equipment (1) comprises a driving source and an electric spindle connected with the driving source, wherein the driving source drives the electric spindle to rotate, and a micro-shaft shoulder stirring tool (2) is driven to prick a weldment at a set pricking speed until a set depth position is reached.
8. The aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system of claim 3, wherein: the micro-shaft-shoulder stirring tool (2) comprises a stirring pin, one end of the stirring pin is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the stirring pin is connected with the friction stir welding equipment (1) and is used for friction stir welding of the weldment (4); and the micro shaft shoulder stirring tool (2) is used for welding along the set welding line path.
9. The aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system of any one of claims 3-8, wherein: the diameter of the shaft shoulder of the micro shaft shoulder stirring tool (2) is 2.5mm-3.5 mm.
10. The aluminum alloy ultra-thin plate high-speed micro-shoulder friction stir welding system of claim 3, wherein: the high-speed micro-shaft-shoulder friction stir welding system for the aluminum alloy ultrathin plate further comprises a control system (8) and is connected with the friction stir welding equipment (1) and used for controlling the friction stir welding equipment (1) to drive the micro-shaft-shoulder stirring tool (2) so that the Z-axis position variation in the welding process of the micro-shaft-shoulder stirring tool (2) is smaller than 0.02 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
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