CN114734127A - Submerged arc welding process of 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel - Google Patents
Submerged arc welding process of 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
- B23K9/186—Submerged-arc welding making use of a consumable electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a submerged arc welding process of 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel. Belongs to the field of welding of steel materials, and specifically comprises the following steps: preparing a welding material matched with 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel; determining a groove type of 485MPa grade thick specification weather-proof bridge steel; and carrying out submerged arc welding on the 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel. According to the invention, by adopting the welding material and the welding process parameters matched with the high-performance bridge steel, the problem that the low-temperature toughness, the strength and the cold bending performance of a thick bridge steel welding joint are difficult to be considered under the condition of large heat input is solved, and the high-standard requirement that the impact toughness of each part of the joint is higher than 60J at the temperature of minus 40 ℃ is met; the method realizes low-temperature preheating before welding and heat treatment-free technology after welding, achieves the effect of both excellent performance of the welded joint and good formation of the welding seam in the implementation process, and is suitable for popularization and application of the low-yield-ratio weather-resistant series bridge steel for large-span structural engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of welding of steel materials, and relates to a submerged-arc welding process of 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel, in particular to a submerged-arc welding process of 485 MPa-level thick-specification low-yield-ratio weather-resistant bridge steel.
Background
In the prior art, welding is the most important processing means for realizing the application value of the steel for the bridge, and the welding performance is also one of the most important service performances of the steel for the bridge; along with the improvement of the strength of steel, the welding quality requirement of the steel is improved, and the use safety and reliability of the bridge are directly influenced by the quality of the joint. The toughness of the joint is determined by various conditions such as chemical components of a base material, a manufacturing process, welding heat cycle and the like, different welding processes can cause different structures to be generated in a welding seam and a heat affected zone, and welding heat input is a key factor influencing the impact toughness and strength of the welded joint. In practical application of weather-resistant bridge steel, in order to improve welding efficiency, large linear energy is generally adopted for welding as much as possible, but coarse pro-eutectoid ferrite is easily generated in weld metal due to high peak temperature in the welding heat cycle process, and particularly when the plate thickness is large, thicker lath bainite and granular bainite are easily generated in a coarse crystal heat affected zone due to long high-temperature retention time, so that a joint is embrittled, and the joint performance is difficult to guarantee. Meanwhile, most bridge steels in practical engineering application mainly adopt the QT state, but the steel plates have the advantages of long production period, complex working procedures and high process cost, the yield ratio is higher (more than 0.93) due to the generation of tempered sorbite tissues after quenching and tempering treatment, the shock resistance is poorer, the shock resistance of steel is improved for reducing the yield ratio, the TMCP process is usually adopted on the production process of the bridge steels, the process becomes the development direction of the bridge steels in the new period due to the advantages of simple flow, capability of reducing the yield ratio through tissue regulation and control and the like, but the problems of poor tissue uniformity, larger stress and the like exist in the TMCP state relative to the QT state, and the difficulty is caused in welding the bridge steels.
In order to ensure the welding quality of TMCP state low yield ratio weather-resistant bridge steel and simultaneously give consideration to the mechanical properties (low-temperature toughness, strength and the like) and the cold bending property of a joint, the technical key is to develop high-performance low yield ratio weather-resistant bridge steel, reasonably match welding materials and select welding process parameters.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a submerged-arc welding process of 485 MPa-yield-strength thick-specification low-yield-ratio weather-resistant bridge steel.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a submerged arc welding process of 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel, which comprises the following specific operation steps of:
(1) preparing a welding material matched with 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel;
(2) determining the groove type of the 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel;
(3) and carrying out submerged-arc welding process on the 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel according to the determined groove type.
Further, in the step (1), the 485 MPa-grade thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel adopts a low-carbon multi-alloying component system, the yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 485MPa, the tensile strength 585MPa is more than or equal to Rm and less than or equal to 760MPa, the yield ratio YR is less than or equal to 0.80, the elongation A is more than or equal to 19%, and the impact energy Akv at the temperature of minus 40 ℃ is more than or equal to 200J.
Further, in the step (1), the welding material is a submerged arc welding wire with tensile strength Rm≥620MPa，
The welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.05-0.08%, Mn: 1.3-1.8%, Si: 0.1-0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.005%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, Ni: 0.4-0.8%, Cr: 0.4-0.8%, Cu: 0.2-0.5%, Alt: 0.02-0.04%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Further, in the step (2), the groove type is a symmetrical V-shaped groove, the angles of the front groove and the back groove are both 60 degrees, and the root part is provided with a truncated edge of 2 mm.
Further, in the step (3), the parameters of the submerged arc welding process are as follows: preheating at 70-90 ℃ before welding, carrying out submerged arc welding flux treatment at 150-200 ℃ for 2h, wherein the backing welding current is 400-410A, the arc voltage is 28-30V, the welding speed is 450-453 mm/min, and the backing welding heat input is 15-16 kJ/cm; the filling welding current is 490-650A, the arc voltage is 30-36V, the welding speed is 350mm/min, and the filling welding heat input is 25-42 kJ/cm;
and (3) welding joints of the combined steel with the thickness of 65mm +65mm by adopting multilayer and multi-pass submerged-arc welding, and controlling the temperature between welding seam layers to be 80-120 ℃.
Furthermore, the tensile strength R of the submerged-arc welding joint in the 485MPa thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steelmThe tensile fracture position of the joint is positioned at the parent metal position under the pressure of more than or equal to 650 MPa; the joint side bending d is 4a, the angle is 180 degrees, and the impact energy Akv is more than or equal to 60J at the position of 1mm and 2mm outside the welding line, the fusion line and the welding line with the thickness of 1/2 on the surface layer of the steel plate and the line.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics that: 1. the invention overcomes the technical barriers of the submerged-arc welding process of thick-specification low-yield-ratio weather-resistant bridge steel, adopts welding materials and welding process parameters matched with high-performance bridge steel, solves the problem that the low-temperature toughness, the strength and the cold bending performance of a thick-specification bridge steel welding joint are difficult to be considered under the condition of larger heat input, achieves the high standard requirement that the impact toughness of each part of the joint is higher than 60J at minus 40 ℃, and has excellent strength-toughness matching degree and cold bending forming performance; 2. the invention realizes the low-temperature preheating before welding and the heat treatment-free technology after welding in the submerged-arc welding manufacturing process of TMCP-state thick-specification low-yield-ratio weather-resistant bridge steel, can achieve the effects of excellent welding joint performance and good weld forming in the implementation process, has strong practicability, high efficiency and energy conservation, and is suitable for popularization and application of low-yield-ratio weather-resistant series bridge steel for large-span structural engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the invention employing a symmetrical V-groove pattern.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments, but without limiting the scope of the invention:
as shown in figure 1, the submerged arc welding process of the 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel comprises the following specific operation steps:
(1) adopting a welding material matched with 485 MPa-level bridge steel with excellent obdurability; wherein, the welding wire is CHW-STH550III, the diameter is phi 4mm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 620MPa, and the flux is CHF101 NQ;
(2) the bevel type is a symmetrical V-shaped bevel, the angles of the front bevel and the back bevel are both 60 degrees, and the root part is provided with a truncated edge of 2 mm;
(3) and submerged arc welding process parameters are as follows: preheating at 70-90 ℃ before welding, carrying out submerged arc welding flux treatment at 150-200 ℃ for 2h, wherein the backing welding current is 400-410A, the arc voltage is 28-30V, the welding speed is 450-453 mm/min, and the backing welding heat input is 15-16 kJ/cm; the filling welding current is 490-650A, the arc voltage is 30-36V, the welding speed is 350mm/min, and the filling welding heat input is 25-42 kJ/cm. And (3) welding a welding joint of the combined steel with the thickness of 65mm +65mm by adopting multilayer multi-pass submerged arc welding, and controlling the temperature between welding seam layers to be 80-120 ℃.
The submerged arc welding process of 485MPa grade thick specification weather-proof bridge steel adopts a low-carbon multi-element (micro) alloying component system, the yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 485MPa, the tensile strength 585MPa is more than or equal to Rm and less than or equal to 760MPa, the yield ratio YR is less than or equal to 0.80, the elongation A is more than or equal to 19%, and the impact energy Akv at-40 ℃ is more than or equal to 200J.
The welding wire adopted by the invention comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.05-0.08%, Mn: 1.3-1.8%, Si: 0.1-0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, Ni: 0.4-0.8%, Cr: 0.4-0.8%, Cu: 0.2-0.5%, Alt: 0.02-0.04%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The tensile strength R of the submerged-arc welding joint of the submerged-arc welding process of the 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steelmThe tensile fracture position of the joint is positioned at the parent metal position under the pressure of more than or equal to 650 MPa; the joint side bending d is 4a, the angle is 180 degrees, the surface layer of the steel plate is 1/2The impact energy Akv is not less than 60J at the position of 1mm and 2mm outside the welding line and the fusion line with the thickness and the position of minus 40 ℃.
The technical scheme and reasons for the submerged-arc welding process of the TMCP-state thick-specification low-yield-ratio weather-resistant bridge steel are as follows:
(1) and welding materials:
when selecting welding materials, firstly considering that the strength and the-40 ℃ impact toughness of weld metal are matched with those of a base material as much as possible, and selecting the tensile strength R of a submerged arc welding wiremThe welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.05-0.08%, Mn: 1.3-1.8%, Si: 0.1-0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, Ni: 0.4-0.8%, Cr: 0.4-0.8%, Cu: 0.2-0.5%, Alt: 0.02-0.04%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The sintering agent CHF101NQ is used as a welding material, so that the purity of the formed weld metal is high, the weld tissue is mainly composed of fine acicular ferrite, and the toughness are both good;
(2) welding preheating temperature:
the method carries out a controlled thermal restraint (CTS) test according to the specification of EN10225-2009 appendix G standard, and is used for evaluating the hydrogen induced crack sensitivity of a steel welding heat affected zone; performing a welding crack test according to API RP 2Z-2005 standard for evaluating the sensitivity of the root crack of the welding heat affected zone of the butt joint; a surfacing hardness test was carried out according to the provisions of EN10225-2009 appendix F standard for evaluating the welding cold crack tendency of steel. Through different pre-welding preheating temperature tests, the low-temperature preheating of 70 ℃ is determined under the high-constraint condition of the TMCP-state thick-specification low-yield-ratio weather-resistant bridge steel submerged-arc welding;
(3) welding heat input:
because the welding heat input directly influences the cost, particularly for thick steel, the lower heat input greatly reduces the efficiency of multilayer multi-pass submerged arc welding to increase the cost, and in view of the fact that the line energy adopted in the actual submerged arc welding of the bridge steel is about 25kJ/cm at present, the invention researches the structure performance of the thick weather-resistant bridge steel submerged arc welding joint with low yield ratio under the line energy of 25-42 kJ/cm, and measures the room temperature and high temperature tensile property of the joint, the charpy V-shaped notch impact energy of each part at-40 ℃ and the cold bending property of the joint.
Example 1
A submerged arc welding process of 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel comprises the following steps:
(1) the steel for the bridge with the thickness of 65mm and excellent obdurability, which is produced by adopting thermo-mechanical controlled rolling (TMCP), has the welding test plate combination of 65mm +65mm and the test plate size of 800mm (length) multiplied by 200mm (width) multiplied by 65mm (thickness);
(2) matched welding materials: the welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.05-0.08%, Mn: 1.3-1.8%, Si: 0.1-0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.005%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, Ni: 0.4-0.8%, Cr: 0.4-0.8%, Cu: 0.2-0.5%, Alt: 0.02-0.04%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The welding wire is CHW-STH550III, the diameter is phi 4mm, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 620MPa, and the flux is CHF101 NQ;
(3) and submerged arc welding groove: adopting symmetrical V-shaped grooves, wherein the angles of the front groove and the back groove are both 60 degrees, and the root part is provided with a truncated edge of 2 mm;
(4) and welding process parameters: preheating at 70-90 ℃ before welding, carrying out submerged arc welding flux treatment at 150-200 ℃ for 2h, wherein the backing welding current is 400-410A, the arc voltage is 28-30V, the welding speed is 450-453 mm/min, and the backing welding heat input is 15-16 kJ/cm; the filling welding current is 490-500A, the arc voltage is 30-32V, the welding speed is 350-353 mm/min, and the filling welding heat input is 25-27 kJ/cm. And adopting multilayer multi-pass submerged arc welding for the butt joint of the combined steel plate with the thickness of 65mm +65mm and controlling the temperature between weld seams to be 80-120 ℃.
Examples 2-4 are substantially the same as example 1, except that:
welding process parameters of step (4) of example 2: preheating at 70-90 ℃ before welding, carrying out submerged arc welding flux treatment at 150-200 ℃ for 2h, wherein the backing welding current is 400-410A, the arc voltage is 28-30V, the welding speed is 450-453 mm/min, and the backing welding heat input is 15-16 kJ/cm; the filling welding current is 545-555A, the arc voltage is 32-34V, the welding speed is 350-353 mm/min, and the filling welding heat input is 30-32 kJ/cm. And adopting multilayer multi-pass submerged arc welding for the butt joint of the combined steel plate with the thickness of 65mm +65mm and controlling the temperature between weld seams to be 80-120 ℃.
Welding process parameters of step (4) of example 3: preheating at 70-90 ℃ before welding, carrying out submerged arc welding flux treatment at 150-200 ℃ for 2h, wherein the backing welding current is 400-410A, the arc voltage is 28-30V, the welding speed is 450-453 mm/min, and the backing welding heat input is 15-16 kJ/cm; the filling welding current is 600-610A, the arc voltage is 34-36V, the welding speed is 350-353 mm/min, and the filling welding heat input is 35-37 kJ/cm. And adopting multilayer multi-pass submerged arc welding for the butt joint of the combined steel plate with the thickness of 65mm +65mm and controlling the temperature between weld seams to be 80-120 ℃.
Welding process parameters of step (4) of example 4: preheating at 70-90 ℃ before welding, carrying out submerged arc welding flux treatment at 150-200 ℃ for 2h, wherein the backing welding current is 400-410A, the arc voltage is 28-30V, the welding speed is 450-453 mm/min, and the backing welding heat input is 15-16 kJ/cm; the filling welding current is 640-650A, the arc voltage is 36-38V, the welding speed is 350-353 mm/min, and the filling welding heat input is 40-42 kJ/cm. And adopting multilayer multi-pass submerged arc welding for the butt joint of the combined steel plate with the thickness of 65mm +65mm and controlling the temperature between weld seams to be 80-120 ℃.
After submerged arc welding is carried out on the 65mm thick TMCP-state low-yield-ratio bridge steel A709HPS485W by the welding method of the embodiments 1-4, the performance of a welding joint is detected; the tensile properties and cold bending properties of the joints are given in Table 1 and the impact properties at-40 ℃ are given in Table 2.
TABLE 1 tensile and Cold bending Properties of welded joints
TABLE 2 impact properties of the weld joints
Therefore, the welding joints obtained in the embodiments 1 to 4 have excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, good strength and toughness matching degree at room temperature, and qualified cold-bending forming performance. Tensile strength R of joint at room temperaturemMore than or equal to 650MPa, the fracture position is located in the parent metal, and the average value Akv of the impact energy at minus 40 ℃ at joints WM, FL, FL +1 and FL +2 is more than or equal to 60J.
The invention adopts low-carbon, Cr-Ni-Cu-Mo and other multi-element (micro) alloying technologies, utilizes precipitation strengthening, solid solution strengthening and fine grain strengthening effects to research and develop and produce the steel for thick bridges with excellent obdurability and good cold bending performance, and the physical level is yield strength ReLNot less than 485MPa, tensile strength 585MPa not more than Rm760MPa or less, the yield ratio YR is 0.80 or less, the elongation A is 19% or more, the impact energy Akv at-40 ℃ is 200J or more, the I index is 6.0 or more, the strength of the joint under large heat input is guaranteed to be not lower than that of the parent metal, the low-temperature impact toughness Akv at-40 ℃ of each part of the joint (WM, FL +1 and FL +2) is 60J or more, and the cold bending performance is qualified.
The invention overcomes the technical barriers of submerged arc welding of thick-specification low-yield-ratio weather-resistant bridge steel, preheats at low temperature before welding, avoids heat treatment after welding, can achieve the effects of excellent performance of a welding joint and good formation of a welding seam in the implementation process, has strong practicability, high efficiency and energy saving, and is suitable for popularization and application of the low-yield-ratio weather-resistant bridge steel for large-span structural engineering.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention may be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A submerged arc welding process of 485MPa thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps of:
(1) preparing a welding material matched with 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel;
(2) determining the groove type of the 485MPa grade thick specification weather-proof bridge steel;
(3) and carrying out submerged-arc welding process on the 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel according to the determined groove type.
2. The submerged arc welding process of 485MPa grade thick specification weather resistant bridge steel according to claim 1,
in the step (1), the 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steel adopts a low-carbon multi-alloying component system, the yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 485MPa, the tensile strength 585MPa is more than or equal to Rm and less than or equal to 760MPa, the yield ratio YR is less than or equal to 0.80, the elongation A is more than or equal to 19%, and the impact energy Akv at-40 ℃ is more than or equal to 200J.
3. The submerged arc welding process of 485MPa grade thick specification weather resistant bridge steel according to claim 1,
in the step (1), the welding material is a submerged arc welding wire with tensile strength Rm≥620MPa，
The welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.05-0.08%, Mn: 1.3-1.8%, Si: 0.1-0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, Ni: 0.4-0.8%, Cr: 0.4-0.8%, Cu: 0.2-0.5%, Alt: 0.02-0.04%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
4. The submerged arc welding process of 485MPa grade thick specification weather resistant bridge steel according to claim 1,
in the step (2), the groove type is a symmetrical V-shaped groove, the angles of the front groove and the back groove are both 60 degrees, and the root part is provided with a truncated edge of 2 mm.
5. The submerged arc welding process of 485MPa grade thick specification weather resistant bridge steel according to claim 1,
in the step (3), the parameters of the submerged arc welding process are as follows: preheating at 70-90 ℃ before welding, carrying out submerged arc welding flux treatment at 150-200 ℃ for 2h, wherein the backing welding current is 400-410A, the arc voltage is 28-30V, the welding speed is 450-453 mm/min, and the backing welding heat input is 15-16 kJ/cm; the filling welding current is 490-650A, the arc voltage is 30-36V, the welding speed is 350mm/min, and the filling welding heat input is 25-42 kJ/cm;
and adopting multilayer and multi-pass submerged-arc welding for the welding joint of the combined steel with the thickness of 65mm +65mm, and controlling the temperature between welding seam layers to be 80-120 ℃.
6. The submerged arc welding process of 485MPa grade thick specification weather resistant bridge steel according to claim 5,
tensile strength R of submerged-arc welding joint in 485 MPa-level thick-specification weather-resistant bridge steelmThe tensile fracture position of the joint is positioned at the parent metal position under the pressure of more than or equal to 650 MPa; the joint side bending d is 4a, the angle is 180 degrees, and the impact energy Akv is more than or equal to 60J at the position of 1mm and 2mm outside the welding line, the fusion line and the welding line with the thickness of 1/2 on the surface layer of the steel plate and the line.
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| CN113182652A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-30 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Submerged arc welding process for thick TMCP-state high-strength low-yield-ratio bridge steel |
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