CN114733489A

CN114733489A - Formaldehyde-removing gel taking waste feathers as raw materials and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114733489A
Application number: CN202210294931.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李清心; 冯莉; 吴金川; 王钦庆; 胡子毅; 王春凤
Original assignee: Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Priority date: 2022-03-23
Filing date: 2022-03-23
Publication date: 2022-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-23
Also published as: CN114733489B

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of formaldehyde-removing gel by taking waste feathers as raw materials. 1) Washing the waste feather with clear water, drying, puffing, and crushing to obtain pretreated feather powder; 2) adding feather powder into weak acid for acidolysis reaction to obtain hydrolysate; 3) and filtering the hydrolysate, collecting filtrate, adding a gelling agent into the filtrate, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain the formaldehyde-removing gel. Compared with the existing method of singly using puffing or directly hydrolyzing feather, the method of the invention firstly adopts the puffing method to pretreat the feather and then uses weak acid to hydrolyze the feather, thus not only leading the feather to reach higher hydrolysis rate, but also greatly improving the formaldehyde removal rate of the product. Meanwhile, the weak acid can be prepared by microbial fermentation, so that environmental hazards caused by strong acid and strong alkali are avoided.

Description

Formaldehyde-removing gel taking waste feathers as raw materials and preparation method thereof

The technical field is as follows:

the invention belongs to the field of air purification, and particularly relates to formaldehyde-removing gel taking waste feathers as raw materials and a preparation method thereof.

Background art:

formaldehyde, also known as formil, is a colorless, pungent odor gas that is a major source of indoor air pollution. Formaldehyde can react with certain substances in the air to be converted into carcinogenic substances, which seriously endanger human health. Formaldehyde is commonly present in decorative materials, and is one of the main pollution sources of indoor air due to slow release of formaldehyde. In order to remove formaldehyde rapidly and protect the living environment of human beings, a series of formaldehyde removing products are derived from the market. Most of the formaldehyde removing materials on the market at present are of an adsorption type and a catalytic oxidation type. The adsorption type purification efficiency is low, and air pollutants are difficult to completely remove; the catalytic oxidation type is high in cost, and the introduced chemical reagent causes secondary pollution to the environment. Therefore, the existing air purification material has some problems, and therefore, the development of a green, cheap, novel, high-efficiency, recyclable, degradable and reusable air purification material has important significance.

In recent years, with the rapid development of economy in China, large-scale cultivation is rapidly popularized, and meanwhile, a large amount of waste resources such as feathers are brought. The feather has keratin content as high as over 90%, and the hydrolysate is mainly soluble protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide and amino acid. At present, the application direction of feather keratin is mainly in industries of animal feed, fertilizer, textile, cosmetics, medicine and the like, and the feather keratin is not developed to other directions, such as air purification materials. Because the feather keratin hydrolysate contains a large amount of amino active functional groups, the feather keratin hydrolysate can react with formaldehyde at normal temperature and normal pressure to generate hydroxymethyl derivatives and water, thereby providing possibility for developing formaldehyde removal materials and simultaneously not bringing environmental pollution.

The invention content is as follows:

based on this, we developed a method for preparing formaldehyde-removing gel by using weak acid to hydrolyze puffed feather powder. The method not only enables the waste feathers to be fully recycled, but also is green and environment-friendly in the whole process, and achieves the aim of increasing the value of the waste.

In order to achieve the above object, the technology of the present invention is performed as follows:

a formaldehyde-removing gel taking waste feathers as raw materials is prepared by the following method, and comprises the following steps:

1) washing the waste feather with clear water, drying, puffing, and crushing to obtain pretreated feather powder;

2) adding feather powder into weak acid for acidolysis reaction to obtain hydrolysate;

3) and filtering the hydrolysate, collecting filtrate, adding a gelling agent into the filtrate, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain the formaldehyde-removing gel.

Preferably, the drying in step 1) is drying in an oven, wherein the oven temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 24-72 h.

Preferably, the pulverization in the step 1) is 100-200 mesh after pulverization, and the filtrate is collected.

Preferably, the concentration of the weak acid in the step 2) is 1-40% by mass fraction, and the concentration of the feather powder is 1-50 g/L. More preferably, the weak acid is 20% acetic acid solution by mass fraction, and the concentration of feather powder is 20 g/L.

Preferably, the weak acid is any one or more of acetic acid, lactic acid and citric acid.

Preferably, the acidolysis reaction in step 2) is carried out for 6-48h at a temperature of 25-50 ℃. More preferably, the acidolysis reaction time is 48 hours and the temperature is 40 ℃.

The acidolysis reaction in the step 2) ensures that the hydrolysis rate of the feather is 20-60%.

Preferably, the gelling agent is added into the filtrate in the step 3), and the mass content of the gelling agent is 1-20%. More preferably, the mass content of the gel is 10%.

Preferably, the gelling agent is one or more of gelatin, pectin and carrageenan.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. compared with the existing method of singly using puffing or directly hydrolyzing feather, the method of the invention firstly adopts the puffing method to pretreat the feather and then uses weak acid to hydrolyze the feather, thus not only leading the feather to reach higher hydrolysis rate, but also greatly improving the formaldehyde removal rate of the product. Meanwhile, the weak acid can be prepared by microbial fermentation, so that environmental hazards caused by strong acid and strong alkali are avoided.

2. Compared with the prior formaldehyde removal raw material source, the raw material used by the invention is the waste feather, so that the waste resource is fully utilized, and the production cost of the product is reduced.

3. According to the invention, the gel is prepared from the hydrolysate by adding the gel, so that the adsorption effect on formaldehyde is increased, and the formaldehyde adsorbed on the gel material reacts with the amino active functional group to generate the hydroxymethyl derivative, thereby achieving the effect of irreversibly removing the formaldehyde.

4. The raw materials used in the invention are cheap and easily available, and the preparation process is simple and easy to control, thus being suitable for industrial production and having a wide market prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of morphological changes in feather pretreatment;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a gel sample of blank example 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a gel sample of example 1.

Detailed Description

In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Example 1

1. The method comprises the steps of washing waste feathers collected on a farm with clear water, drying for 48 hours at 80 ℃ in an oven, puffing by an extrusion puffing machine, crushing and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated feather powder (figure 1).

2. Preparing 100mL of 20 mass percent acetic acid solution, and weighing and adding 2.0g of the puffed feather powder obtained in the step 1).

3. The mixed solution is put in a constant temperature shaking table with the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 180rmp for hydrolysis for 48 hours.

4. And filtering the mixed solution, carrying out solid-liquid separation, drying filter residues through an oven at 80 ℃ to constant weight, weighing the residual solid, and calculating the hydrolysis rate of the feather by a difference weight method.

5. 20mL of the filtrate was measured, 2.0g of pectin was slowly added thereto, and the mixture was stirred while stirring and allowed to stand for 1 hour, and the obtained gel was designated as number 1 (FIG. 3).

Example 2

The acetic acid solution of step 2) in example 1 was changed to 100mL of deionized water, and the rest was the same as in example 1, and the resulting gel was designated as number 2.

Example 3

The waste feathers obtained in the step 1) in the example 1 are washed clean by clear water, dried by an oven at 80 ℃ for 48 hours and used without being puffed, the rest is equal to the example 1, and the obtained gel is marked as a number 3.

Blank example 1

At room temperature, 2.0g of pectin was slowly added to 20mL of deionized water, the mixture was stirred while being added to dissolve the pectin uniformly and completely, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 1 hour to obtain a blank gel (FIG. 2).

Performance testing

In order to test the formaldehyde removal performance of the gel prepared by the invention, the following test experiments are provided:

1. experimental method

The gel materials of blank example 1 and test groups 1-3 (corresponding to examples 1, 2 and 3) were placed in a closed container containing 100mg/m³In the organic glass box body of formaldehyde, the formaldehyde concentration of the box body at the beginning of the test is detected at normal temperature and normal pressure, sampling is carried out every 2h, and the formaldehyde in the box body is detectedAnd (4) calculating the removal rate of formaldehyde according to the concentration of the aldehyde.

The detection method is based on: the purification effect of the product is measured according to GB/T15516-1995 air quality-formaldehyde measurement-acetylacetone spectrophotometry.

2. Test results

Test group numbers 1-3 and blank example 1 the results of the formaldehyde removal measurements after 48h of gel are shown in table 1 below:

Entry	number 1	Number 2	Number 3	Blank example 1
					Rate of hydrolysis	57％	26.3％	8.7％	/
Removal rate of formaldehyde	91.9％	58.1％	45.9％	46.3％

As can be seen from the data of the test results in Table 1 above, the gel prepared by using the puffed feather powder or hydrolysate obtained by acid hydrolysis of unpuffed feathers alone has formaldehyde removing property, but the effect is not particularly obvious. The gel prepared by puffing the waste feathers and then hydrolyzing with weak acid has outstanding formaldehyde removal performance, can be directly applied to a filter element of an air purifier, and is a product with industrial prospect.

It is clear that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that all embodiments without innovative changes and studies can be obtained in all other forms of products within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of formaldehyde-removing gel taking waste feathers as raw materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the drying in step 1) is drying in an oven, the oven temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 24-72 h.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pulverization in step 1) is performed by sieving with 100-200 mesh sieve, and collecting the filtrate.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the weak acid in step 2) is 1-40% by mass, and the concentration of feather meal is 1-50 g/L.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the weak acid is 20% acetic acid solution by weight, and the concentration of feather meal is 20 g/L.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the weak acid is any one or more of acetic acid, lactic acid and citric acid; the acidolysis reaction in the step 2) lasts for 6-48h at the temperature of 25-50 ℃.

7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the acidolysis reaction is carried out for 48 hours at a temperature of 40 ℃.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein a gelling agent is added to the filtrate in step 3), wherein the gelling agent is 1-20% by mass; the gel is one or more of gelatin, pectin and carrageenan.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the gelling agent is present in an amount of 10% by mass.

10. A formaldehyde-removing gel prepared by the method of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9.