CN1147324C - Safety syringe needle device with needle guard and retractable needle - Google Patents

Abstract

The syringe includes a barrel, a plunger, and an adapter for mounting the needle in the distal end of the barrel. The adapter includes a protrusion projecting away from the needle end and into the barrel defining an annular space between the barrel and the protrusion. The plunger and protrusion have complementary surfaces whereby the plunger may grip the adapter for removal of the adapter into the interior of the barrel after use. These complementary surfaces afford initial resistance to further axial movement of the plunger toward the adapter, signalling the user that further axial pressure will permanently lock the plunger and adapter to one another whereby, upon application of full axial pressure on the plunger, the complementary surfaces of the plunger and adapter permanently lock to one another to enable joint unitary movement of the plunger and adapter together with the needle carried by the adapter into the barrel. The adapter includes vent passages communicating between the central passage through the adapter and the annular space whereby air can be vented from the barrel after receiving fluid within the barrel and prior to injection. Thus, the syringe may be oriented in a vertical position needle end uppermost with the vent passages forming the most superior portion of the barrel interior whereby air may be vented.

Description

Safety injector with needle guard and recoverable syringe needle

Invention field

The present invention relates to a kind of safety injector syringe needle, this syringe needle is supplying in the disposable syringe needle tube with being recovered to its base frame of carrying after crossing, thereby has avoided syringe needle to stab the people.

Background technology

Because syringe needle is stabbed the people and may be caused transmission of disease, particularly causes the infection of HIV-1 (HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)) and hepatitis B virus one class deadly virus, this problem more and more causes the concern of medical worker's (as health care provider).At present the syringe that has outwardly directed syringe needle that uses generally has the potential danger that syringe needle is stabbed the people, and syringe needle stab the people the easiest give birth to drug injection in the patient body and handle syringe between this two periods.Most syringe needle is hurted sb.'s feelings and is occurred in when putting into wastebin (as " fine needle " case) when changing syringe needle or with syringe needle.The staff who handles refuse is also stabbed by syringe needle easily.

Syringe disclosed by the invention comprises an elongated hollow needle tubing, joint elements that are fixed on this needle tubing one end, by these joint elements are rotated with respect to needle tubing it is unclamped so that it is withdrawn in the needle tubing from needle tubing, one can axially movable plunger in this hollow needle tubing, and some are positioned on the described joint elements and the mutual connected structure on that end of close described joint elements of described stake plug, these structures get up to make again simultaneously that with plunger and joint elements interlocking described joint elements can be with respect to described needle tubing rotation, thus make described joint elements and with syringe needle may be withdrawn into needle tubing inside.In case joint elements and syringe needle are withdrawn in the needle tubing, the two ends that have multiple device can be used for sealing needle tubing, thereby the liquid contamination that prevents from effectively to be stabbed and gone out by the syringe internal leakage by syringe needle.

In addition, be understood that joint elements and syringe needle can be linked to be an integral body provides, also syringe needle and syringe branch can be come provides.For example, needle assembly comprises a needle stand, a syringe needle and the needle guard that syringe needle is covered that is fixed on the needle stand, and at least a portion needle stand can be installed on the needle tubing or on the joint elements by the user of syringe.Generally be by road strategic point latch-up structure or road strategic point joint needle assembly to be fixed on the syringe, in both cases, needle assembly generally all will comprise a needle stand with radially overhanging flange.When adopting road strategic point latch-up structure, be syringe needle to be fixed on the syringe by flange being screwed into a recess of having opened the part screw thread that is positioned at needle tubing inside.Also needle stand can be bonded on the overhanging joint of taper that is positioned at syringe tip by frictional force.This is the characteristics of general road strategic point joint, and between needle stand and taper extension in syringe tip except frictional engagement, without any firm locking mechanism.Therefore, when adopting road strategic point latch-up structure, the people who uses syringe generally is that promptly needle guard, syringe needle and needle stand are bonded together the end of needle stand and needle tubing securely by the rotation needle assembly.But when adopting road strategic point joint, only need needle assembly to be applied an axial compressive force, needle stand and the taper extension that is positioned at syringe tip are bonded together by frictional force towards the direction of syringe.General main penetrating in the device, road strategic point joint is to constitute an ingredient of needle tubing integral body or is to be fixed on the needle tubing by irrotational mode at least.

The result, when being installed to needle assembly on the ordinary syringe, often there are some user always to rotate needle guard and needle stand to and fro, and never consider that the fixed structure that is adopted is road strategic point latch-up structure or road strategic point joint (according to above-mentioned explanation, the latter does not need in rotary manner needle stand to be fixed to the outer tube end).And, needle assembly is being removed from syringe, when for example on same syringe, changing syringe needle, user is also always installed a needle guard earlier, again with respect to rotation needle guard of the taper joint on the needle tubing and needle stand, so that take off in that needle stand is revolved from the needle tubing fully, and connect the static friction that all will destroy under first two situation between needle stand and the joint at road strategic point latch-up structure and Lu E.Therefore, usually there are a revolving force or moment of torsion to be applied on the needle guard, do not destroy syringe simultaneously so that syringe needle is had ordinary syringe fixed or that constitute the taper joint of one from one to be taken off.The comparatively advanced scheme of a kind of joint elements is, when plunger and joint elements permanently link together, for joint elements and plunger are rotated together, joint elements can be installed to an end of syringe needle tube with pulling down, but in this case, when user for needle assembly being installed on the syringe or the trained reflex of when syringe is removed, doing action or when doing any action that applies moment of torsion, may have a mind to or by mistake make the moment of torsion that is applied on the joint elements even as big as these joint elements are got loose from being tightly connected of it and needle tubing one end.Joint elements are unscrewed with respect to syringe tip or rotated very big harm, particularly consider,, will cause leak of liquid if this sealing is destroyed from the sealing angle of joint elements and syringe tip.If this spinning movement causes seal break-off, this class syringe also will face " pollution " this problem.

Summary of the invention

According to the problems referred to above, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention provides a kind of new modified model syringe, it has the joint elements of a carrying syringe needle, these joint elements and plug engages are together, by the common rotation of plunger and joint elements and then be withdrawn into needle tubing inside together, make joint elements in syringe needle is withdrawn into needle tubing.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of follow-on needle guard, needle assembly is installed on the syringe and with them when syringe is taken off, the moment of torsion deficiency that needle guard and needle assembly are applied so that joint elements get loose or unscrew from syringe tip.

For this reason, the invention provides a kind of syringe, comprising: an axial elongated hollow needle tubing; One be positioned at described hollow needle tubing one end, be used to carry a syringe needle joint elements, described parts can carry out fluid exchange with described hollow needle tubing inside; With

The plunger that can in described needle tubing, shift to and move apart described hollow needle tubing one end vertically; It is characterized in that:

These joint elements are by being contained on this needle tubing with screw thread with respect to the rotation of described needle tubing in a direction, and by with respect to this needle tubing in the opposite direction rotation and screw down from needle tubing;

By the far-end carrier band of plunger and the joint elements connected structure that engages with the supporting connected structure of joint elements carrier band with respect to the axially-movable of described plunger when described needle tubing one end moves, described joint elements and described supporting connected structure comprise separately the transmission composition surface be connected composition surface, the pulled surface of the pulled surface of described supporting connected structure and joint elements connected structure can move axially and is engaged with each other together and can moves together by conjugation towards an end of described needle tubing corresponding to described plunger, make joint elements can along with plunger with respect to the rotation of needle tubing and be unscrewed in above-mentioned rightabout with respect to needle tubing, described those connect composition surfaces and comprise that some move axially and be engaged with each other together towards an end of described needle tubing corresponding to described plunger, the locking surface that plunger and joint elements are linked together each other securely, like this when described plunger axis the inside and be fixed on the fastener and relative bonding portion parts when being the final position in entering needle tubing, described plunger and joint elements permanently are locked to each other basically, and relative motion on axial can take place together and not;

Described syringe needle comprises a needle stand by described joint elements carrier band, described syringe also has a needle guard, the overcoat that comprises one one end sealing other end opening, be used to hold that part that described syringe needle and described needle stand are positioned at overcoat, described needle guard and described needle stand have surface separately, these surperficial shapes make the moment of torsion that on a first direction described needle guard is applied be passed on the described needle stand, and when when the second direction opposite with described first direction applies moment of torsion to needle guard, make that needle guard is relative with needle stand to be rotated, moment of torsion can be delivered on the described needle stand from described needle guard, described second direction corresponding to joint elements with respect to the rotation of needle tubing and make these joint elements unscrew the direction of taking off from this needle tubing.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the perspective view (part illustrates with the method for interior perspective) of a syringe, has shown the road strategic point joint that is positioned on the syringe joint elements of the present invention, needle guard and needle assembly;

Fig. 2-the 5th, the partial cross section figure of syringe of the present invention, the plunger among the figure enters final fixed position by do axially-movable with respect to joint elements, makes it permanently to lock onto on the joint elements;

Fig. 6-the 8th with the similar partial enlarged view of Fig. 2-5 illustrated embodiment, shows another embodiment that plunger and joint elements are permanently locked together each other;

Fig. 9 is the view similar to Fig. 7, illustrates another embodiment of syringe of the present invention;

Figure 10 illustrates after joint elements and syringe needle have been withdrawn in the needle tubing, the situation that is connected between the near-end of plunger and the far-end of needle tubing;

Figure 11 is the profile along the 11-11 line of Fig. 2 of Fig. 2-5 illustrated embodiment;

Figure 12 is the longitudinal section that the syringe of needle guard and needle assembly has been installed;

Figure 13 is the perspective view that the part of joint elements and plunger distal end is analysed and observe, and shows the annexation between these two parts;

Figure 14 is a local sectional view that amplifies, and expression Figure 13 meta is in the part of the needle stand of the joint elements of the far-end of needle tubing and needle assembly;

Figure 15 is the elevation view of syringe needle of the present invention and needle stand adnexa;

Figure 16 is and near the together longitudinal section of the needle guard of use shown in Figure 15;

Figure 17 is the side view of needle assembly of the present invention;

Figure 18 and 19 is sectional views that has amplified the joint part of needle guard and needle stand;

Figure 20 is the bottom view of this needle guard;

Figure 21,22 and 23 is the views to the another kind of form of Figure 15,16 of the present invention needle assemblies similar with 17;

Figure 24 is the sectional view that has amplified the needle guard of assembly shown in Figure 21-23 and needle stand joint part;

Figure 25 is the bottom view of needle guard shown in Figure 22;

Figure 26 is a longitudinal section according to another embodiment of the present invention, that be installed to the needle guard on the needle stand;

Figure 27 is its front view;

Figure 28 is the sectional view that has amplified the joint part of needle guard shown in Figure 26 and needle stand;

Figure 29 is roughly along the 29-29 line broken-away section view among Figure 27;

Figure 30 and 31 is respectively the needle stand of another embodiment of the present invention and the side view of needle guard;

Figure 32 and 33 is respectively the sectional view that sections gained along the 32-32 line among Figure 30 and the 33-33 line among Figure 31;

Figure 34,35 and 36 respectively with Figure 15,16 and 17 similar, represented another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 37 and 38 is sectional views that has amplified needle guard in Figure 34-36 illustrated embodiment and needle stand joint part;

Figure 39 and Figure 37 are similar, have shown the another kind of juncture of needle guard and needle stand;

Figure 40 is the flat sheet of the bottom view of needle guard shown in Figure 35;

Figure 41,42 and 43 respectively with Figure 15,16 and 17 similar, represent of the present invention another

Embodiment;

Figure 44 is roughly along the sectional view of the 44-44 line among Figure 41;

Figure 45 is the flat sheet of the bottom view of needle guard shown in Figure 43;

And

Figure 46 be needle guard shown in Figure 43 the bottom another kind of variation amplification sectional view.

The description of the specific embodiment

Referring to accompanying drawing, particularly Fig. 1-4 wherein comprises a needle tubing 12 and a plunger 14 by labelling 10 total syringes of representing, the far-end of plunger 14 has a finger pressure sheet 16.A kind of needle guard and needle assembly are provided in addition, and total is expressed as 18, comprises the needle stand 22 of a needle guard 20, one syringe needles 21 and a taper.That end away from plunger base at needle tubing has joint elements 24, and it comprises a taper joint 26 that is used to admit syringe needle fixed muffle 22, i.e. road strategic point joint.

With reference to Fig. 2-5, joint elements 24 are as general as columniform especially, have an annular section 28, are used for docking with the shoulder 30 that is positioned at needle tubing 12 ends.The part of a reduced has external screw thread, and for example left hand thread 32, is used for engaging with matching thread 34 (Fig. 2) on the reduced end 36 that is positioned at needle tubing.Note Fig. 2-5, the front surface of annular ridge 17 along the inner surface of the ring-type shoulder that is positioned at the needle tubing far-end from joint elements outwards protrudes, and when joint elements are threaded into the needle tubing far-end joint elements and needle tubing sealed up.Plunger 14 is installed in the needle tubing and can moves axially, and has a stopper 33 to carry out sealing-in along the medial wall of syringe needle tube at the far-end of plunger 14.Plunger is installed is naturally and be used for endwisely slipping in syringe needle tube so that be expelled to syringe needle in by joint elements and Lu E joint the liquid in the needle tubing and pass syringe needle, perhaps with liquid, for example (not shown) is extracted into the needle tubing in a bottle.Stopper be make with a kind of santoprene compressible material and have many annular lip 35 so as with the inwall sealing-in of needle tubing.Far-end at plunger 14 has a middle body or extension 37, this be partly with many axially spaced flanges 39 in case with the inner surface sealing-in of stopper 33.

In this embodiment of the invention, middle body 37 comprises a projection that axially stretches out 41 that has some discrete angled to axial tapered side or surface 43.In illustrated form, the cross section of projection 41 is hexagonal, and its side narrows down gradually towards the far-end of needle tubing.The flange 45 that radially outward protrudes with a successive toroidal separates with the side that those narrow down gradually in the axial direction, and directly and the groove 47 that concaves of continuous circular footpath adjacent.Surface 41,45,47 far-ends at plunger constituted with joint elements on the connected structure that is connected mutually of incidental complementation or supporting connected structure.

The central shaft of these joint elements of interior face of joint elements 24 diminish gradually and have one with the stake adaptive basically dimple 51 of shape of projection 41 beyond the Great Wall.Specifically, dimple 51 comprise many on shape or tapering with 43 suitable some sides that narrow down gradually, surface or surface 53, an and directed flange 55 and continuous circular radially outer inner groovy 57 that radially inwardly stretches with successive toroidal.

The other end of plunger 14 have one that radially outward protrude, be circular overhanging flange 59 continuously.At the flange 61 and 63 that inwardly stretch in a pair of footpath that the inner surface round the needle tubing near-end forms, define the groove 65 of a successive circumferentially extending between them.

In this embodiment of the invention, when plunger final when arriving its deep-seated on axially and putting in syringe needle tube, requirement for good and all or irreversibly locks together plunger and link each other, makes plunger become as a whole with link, can not be separated from each other in the axial direction.In this manner, only need wittingly plunger to be applied a constant normal pressure in the axial direction, just plunger and link for good and all can be locked together with respect to needle tubing.Applying a stronger axial compressive force finishes lock out action with needing the coupled columns consciousness of being plugged with for this.When will taking off joint elements on needle tubing by rotary plunger, user do not need to continue to keep axial compressive force forward to plunger.When using syringe, in the time of will being recovered to syringe needle in the needle tubing, push away plunger 14 towards the direction of joint elements 24, make on radially overhanging flange 45 and the joint elements in stretch flange 55 and engage, the far-end of plunger enters in the dimple of joint elements, as shown in Figure 3 simultaneously.User is made further axially movable power from this initial joint and consequent initial prevention plunger with respect to needle tubing can recognize that the only poor last axial restraint of plunger also has been locked on the joint elements.At this moment, just plunger is further moved axially with respect to needle tubing, plunger and link have for good and all been locked together each other as long as user is learnt.As shown in Figure 4, when this further strong moving axially taken place, owing to constitute the compressibility of the material that is mainly plasticity of plunger, flange 45 slipped over the flange 55 that is arranged on the joint elements and is fixed to groove 57.Correspondingly, the flange 55 that inwardly stretch in the footpath enters into the groove 47 of plunger, and this just makes plunger and joint elements for good and all lock together each other.When plunger near its with respect to the final fixed position of joint elements when the far-end of needle tubing advances, promptly from position shown in Figure 3 to position shown in Figure 4, stopper 33 is compressed, as shown in Figure 4.When plunger and joint elements were recovered to final position in the needle tubing, this had just guaranteed the further effectively sealing of the needle tubing other end.The flange and the groove of plunger and joint elements are bonded with each other, and make user can pass through rotary plunger, and the far-end of joint elements from needle tubing screwed down.Like this, as shown in Figure 5, cross plunger, joint elements and incidental syringe needle thereof can be withdrawn into the needle tubing inside of syringe from needle tubing toward pumpback.When plunger is withdrawn into when last, flange 73 engages with flange 63, and stopper 33 is positioned at the near-end of needle tubing.Plunger is fractureed from its vulnerable area 71, and plunger can be screwed onto on the far-end of needle tubing, as shown in figure 10.Because the stopper of plunger has been sealed the near-end of needle tubing, plunger has been screwed onto again on the far-end of needle tubing, and the two ends of needle tubing are all sealed.

With reference to the embodiment shown in Fig. 6-8, wherein with previous embodiment in identical part adopt identical number designation, the number designation back adds a tail tag " a ".In this embodiment, but with stopper 33a shredding remain on as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 with respect on one first axial location of the projection 37a of plunger and as shown in Figure 8 one with this first axial location second axial location from a distance on.In order to reach this purpose, on the projection 37a of plunger end, have that some separate each other in the axial direction, radially overhanging horn-like flange 75, and separating each other in the axial direction of having on the inner surface of stopper 33a that some and above-mentioned flange shape match, the continuous tapered flanges 77 of annular.Flange 75 and 77 is made this shape, the inclined-plane that matches that makes them as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, stopper 33a is engaged with each other on extended position with respect to first or primitive axis of plunger.When plunger is pushed ahead, thereby flange 45a is engaged when forming first stop position with 55a, the annular bottom surface of stopper 33a engages with the axial inner surface of joint elements 24a.Continue to exert pressure, make plunger move to foregoing final fixed position in the axial direction, and it is preceding described, this strong axial compressive force just can make plunger slide with respect to stopper, thereby those inclined-planes that match are slipped over each other, make the radial surface of flange 75 and 77 be engaged with each other as shown in Figure 8.In case plunger and joint elements are for good and all locked together each other as shown in Figure 8, they are rotated together, thereby the end of joint elements from needle tubing can be spun down, so that make joint elements and incidental needle shaft thereof to drawing back needle-inserting tube, when plunger was drawn back, the stopper because the radial surface of flange 75 and 77 is engaged with each other on the plunger was axially moving with plunger.

See embodiment as shown in Figure 9 again, wherein with the embodiment of front in identical part adopt identical number designation, just number mark back add a tail tag " b ".In this embodiment, do not have stopper on the plunger, but form an interference fit with needle interior wall by a radially overhanging flange 81.Flange 81 is weak at 83 places, makes the flange can be crooked.The flange of crossing this plunger also have in the axial direction a shape to foregoing similar and with the supporting projection 41b of the dimple 51b in the joint elements.When the promotion plunger made flange 45b just engage with 55b, flange 81 was pressed against on the inner surface of joint elements.When needs finally locked, plunger was pushed ahead its permanent locking position with respect to joint elements.Flange deforms at its vulnerable area 83 places and makes plunger can do this final moving axially between initial and final fixed position.

Be understood that, also the plunger shown in Fig. 2-9 and the projection on the joint elements and recess can be reversed respectively.Like this, radially overhanging flange is provided on the projection of joint elements, and provide the flange of directly inwardly stretching in the concave end of plunger, and make radially overhanging flange on the bonded block be positioned at the front of a groove, so that an initial resistance is provided or stops for plunger and bonded block the most at last lock together.By further plunger being applied stronger axial compressive force, these flanges are slipped over each other, bonded block is locked to each other with plunger and is in the same place the most at last.Certainly, equally also this structure can be put upside down, promptly flange and groove are arranged on the plunger, and on joint elements, only arrange a radially overhanging flange.

Also be understood that, can also between plunger and joint elements, provide the permanent locking of other type to connect.For example, can adopt supporting zigzag flange, their inclined-plane is engaged with each other forming initial resistance, thereby and can slip over each other and those radial surfaces are bonded together joint elements and plunger are for good and all locked together each other.In addition, be understood that, in the latch-up structure of the convex or concave of plunger and joint elements, can add the groove of one or more axial stretching, extensions as the case may be, so that permanently engage under the prerequisite of performance each other with groove (or supporting sawtooth) not damaging flange, plunger and joint elements can axially relatively moved towards their permanent locking position.

In the another embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 12-14, have an extension 100 at the other end of joint elements 24c, when joint elements 24c was fixed on the end of needle tubing, this extension inserted the inner chamber of needle tubing 12c.Joint elements 24c comprises the conical pipeline or the path 10 2 that extend vertically, and after installing needle assembly, this passage is used to link up needle tubing inside and syringe needle.Connected structure (Figure 13) extends around the outer surface of extension 100, so that engage with the connected structure that matches on the plunger, thereby can joint elements be unclamped from syringe tip by rotary plunger, and in syringe needle is withdrawn into needle tubing.Be included in some non-quick fastening helix or chutes 104 bitten on the outer surface of extension 100 at connected structure, and some axially extended stop end faces 106.Below chute 104, there is an annular groove 108 to match with the syndeton that is positioned at plunger end.

With reference to Figure 13, there is a stopper 33c who is made by elastomeric material the end of plunger 14c, and it is around the supporting connected structure on the plunger end that is used for structural engagement around the extension 100.Connected structure on the plunger comprises some chutes 112 and end face 114, respectively with extension 100 on chute 104 and end face 106 supporting.Far-end at plunger has a collar flange 116 to convex, is used to engage annular recess 108.Like this, when plunger being pushed into forward in needle tubing when engaging with extension 100, the chute 104 and 112 that matches just is engaged with each other.Because the chute 104 and 112 the gradient, rotate along a direction with respect to joint elements when joint elements move axially at plunger, make end face 106 and 114 aligned with each other and joints.In addition, plunger also produces a unidirectional torque to joint elements along a direction rotation, and joint elements are backed out from syringe tip.Edge and above-mentioned opposite direction rotary plunger, then portion's face 114 and 106 is separated from one another, and plunger and joint elements are thrown off.

In use, in the time need being withdrawn into the syringe needle of joint elements and institute's carrier band thereof in the needle tubing, promote plunger vertically, under the guiding of the joint chute 104 of interworking and 112, end face 106 is engaged with 114.Further promote plunger vertically, plunger is inserted in the needle tubing fully, flange 116 engages with groove 108.Along a direction rotary plunger, the end thread of joint elements 24c and needle tubing is thrown off, and joint elements are by means of the combine end that still be attached in plunger of recessed edge 116 with groove 108 again.As required, flange 116 can be made part annulus or complete annulus.

In order before using syringe, to guarantee the discharge of the air in the needle tubing, be provided with a pair of radially exhaust passage 120 that is connected with central axial passage of making it by exhaust passage 122 with reference to Figure 13-14.These passages preferably with form of grooves be located at the right ledge surface of plunger face on.In addition, as shown in figure 14, joint elements have a tapering in the face of the surface 124 of plunger in radially inside needle end towards needle tubing, for example about 3 °.And, be preferably in the groove 126 of opening an annular on this conical flange surface around the base portion of extension 100.This groove 126 and radial groove 120 and the passage 122 that extends in the centre gangway 102 are communicated with.One or more auxiliary toroidal cavities be can also add again, periphery that centers on this tapered flanges base portion or the groove that is in the middle part of radius comprised.By going out groove in the joint elements Surface Machining and should the surface form the conical surface, when most significant end has the syringe of syringe needle when vertical orientated, groove 120 and 122 will be in the extreme higher position of the imagination in the needle tubing.Therefore, when discharging when promoting plunger towards syringe needle one end so that with the air in the needle tubing, according to convention, all air that are in the annular space between needle tubing far-end and the extension 100 will enter in the centre gangway 102 by groove 120,126 and passage 122.Therefore, can be before injection with the air emptying in the needle tubing.Be understood that, though preferably have at least two such along diametric(al) exhaust passage respect to one another, also can have only an exhaust passage.Passage such more than two can also be arranged, they each other around joint elements the axle direction on preferably spaced.

Syringe was disappeared poison and set up pinhead sleeve as shown in Figure 12 after, make just the two ends of this inside configuration all close and remained on aseptic condition that this syringe just can use.After mistake, as previously described, joint elements are connected to each other with plunger are in the same place, can the female thread of joint elements from the needle tubing far-end be got loose by rotary plunger.A key character of this engaging mechanism is, joint elements are in case with after being threaded of needle tubing thrown off, and these joint elements are still together with needle attachment, i.e. syringe needle and needle stand are together still attached on the plunger.Afterwards, plunger and with needle attachment can be drawn in the needle tubing together.

Referring now to the embodiment shown in Figure 15-20, the cone tank that the syringe needle 21 of assembly 18 has an axis and and needle stand 22 inside is 180 that be communicated with, be used for centre gangway liquid and that run through syringe needle 21 in the conveying syringe.Needle stand 22 comprises that one is positioned on its near-end, that have a radially overhanging flange 182 and the portion's body and is columniform substrate, and the groove 184 between near, far-end that is formed at needle stand 22.With reference to Figure 15, on the top of groove 184 many ratchets 186 are arranged, after needle assembly was fixed on the syringe, these ratchets 186 were from axially towards syringe.

With reference to Figure 16, needle guard 20 comprises one in far-end 190 sealing and at the elongated overcoat 188 of near-end 192 openings.Also has a radially overhanging flange 194 on the near-end 192.Inner surface around needle guard 20 near-ends has one to enclose the flange 196 that inwardly stretch in the footpath, and it can be fixed on needle guard 20 on the needle stand with groove 184 with taking.Be understood that this concavo-convex assembly also can promptly, be arranged on radially overhanging flange on the needle stand conversely, and the groove that inwardly stretch in the footpath be arranged on the near-end of needle guard.

For the ease of needle guard being set on the needle stand and it is applied a moment of torsion along a direction, and when along reverse rotation, moment of torsion is not transmitted on the needle stand basically, from the body 188 of needle guard 20, stretch out at least one towards near-end 192, preferably a pair of on diametric(al) suspension respect to one another section 200.There is a footpath that has the ratchet 204 of one or more far-ends 190 towards needle guard 20 inwardly to stretch flange 202 at the far-end that hangs section 200.It outwards all is flexible hanging inside diametrically the reaching of section 200.

With reference to Figure 18 and 19, be understood that when needle guard 20 being placed on the syringe needle 21 and can be fixed on the needle stand 22 with taking, the flange 196 of needle guard stretches in the groove 184.As shown in figure 18, flange 196 is arcual, therefore, is applied to and makes its axial force that breaks away from needle stand will make that side adjacent with described flange of needle guard radially outward expand on the needle guard, and needle guard is extractd.The downside of groove constitutes a flange or a composition surface 210, it constitutes first group of surface that combines with the end face 201 and the part needle guard of flange 196 on needle stand that is engaged with each other and needle guard, the power that is applied on the needle guard towards the syringe direction vertically can be passed to needle stand, so that needle stand and syringe fixedly are assembled together.On the contrary, particularly when suspension section 200 is subjected to inside pressure, lay respectively at the ratchet 186 and 204 on needle stand and the needle guard, and flange 196 constitutes second group of surface that combines that can be bonded to each other selectively with the relative ratchet on the needle stand 186, make oppositely to be applied to power on the needle guard in the axial direction, the power that just makes the sheath exit syringe can pass to needle stand in case with needle stand to throw off on the combinations of syringe body.

The shape that hangs section 200 and ratchet 204 makes them usually at the state that radially is in displacement each other, need make suspension section 200 produce the radially inner mobile ratchet 204 that just can make and be attached to below on the ratchet 186.Inwardly move and needle guard is applied one can make sheath and the isolating axial compressive force of needle stand the time when the footpath, those ratchets just are engaged with each other.Be understood that the shape of these ratchets makes and the moment of torsion that is applied on the needle guard along a direction can be delivered on the needle stand, thereby needle stand can be rotated along described direction with needle guard.On the contrary, when when in the opposite direction needle guard being applied a moment of torsion with above-mentioned side, these ratchets make that needle guard is relative with needle stand and rotate, can moment of torsion be delivered on the needle stand from needle guard by these ratchets 186 and 204 basically.

In use, suppose that assembly 18 has been packaged in advance and the poison that disappeared, user is taken this assembly apart and with this needle assembly, particularly needle stand 22 assigns on the road strategic point joint of joint elements.The syringe needle overcoat is applied an axial compressive force, and this power runs through needle stand, passes to the joint of joint elements by binding face 210 and 201, forms frictional engagement between needle stand and joint.Then just can be at an easy rate with needle guard along opposite axially removing, make it break away from needle stand, thereby expose syringe needle.Be understood that, if user habitually rotates needle guard when going up assembly 118 being installed to joint elements (not to intrinsic pressure suspension section 200), this pin needle shield can rotate freely on both direction with respect to joint elements on the surface of matching between the binding face of needle guard near-end and needle stand.Consequent any frictional force or moment of torsion are not enough to all make that this bonded block rotates with respect to needle tubing.

When needs with syringe needle and needle stand when joint elements are taken off, for example in the time need changing syringe needle for a certain specific syringe, usually need be with respect to road strategic point joint rotation needle stand to destroy the static friction between these elements that are bonded together with frictional force.In order to reach this purpose, be installed to needle guard on the needle stand and to intrinsic pressure suspension section 200, needle guard is received in axially and along the direction rotation that those ratchets are engaged with each other.Its result of rotation who is applied to any moment of torsion on the joint elements and needle guard owing to the engagement of this this ratchet is an application of force square in making joint elements on the direction that is fastened in the needle tubing.Cause all that along any moment of torsion that oppositely is applied on the needle guard these ratchets skid each other.Therefore, along joint elements all will being not enough to overcome the frictional resistance that joint elements engage with needle tubing with any Queensland of turning round square that the direction that spins down on the needle tubing is applied on the joint elements.

With reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 21-25, wherein identical with the embodiment of front part is all used identical number mark, only adds a tail tag " a " in these number mark back.With shown in Figure 15 comparing, needle stand here and syringe needle have just saved ratchet 186 and have added a surface 212 that is formed at the coarse or dentation directly over the groove 184a, and remainder is identical basically.With reference to Figure 22, needle guard 20a is similar to needle guard 20, has just saved ratchet hanging on the section 200, has added the limit of coarse together or dentation along the cooperation inner surface 214 that hangs section 200.In this manner, the same with the front mode, needle guard can rotate freely on both direction on the money seat, and concavo-convex cooperation can be fixed on needle guard on the needle stand as in the previous embodiments with taking.So, when user is attempted wittingly needle stand to be applied a moment of torsion, when for example cooperating, hang a section 200a and be subjected to radially inner pressure and engage with the surface 212 of coarse or dentation for the road strategic point joint that destroys joint elements and the static friction between the needle stand.Certainly, be to be installed on the syringe and in the mode that the front was described to take off with needle guard and needle stand assembly from syringe.Promptly utilize first group and second group of surface of matching, just the surface of matching formed with the upper and lower of groove 184a respectively of flange 196a.

With reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 26-29, wherein with top embodiment in identical part adopt identical number mark expression, just add a tail tag " b " in number mark back.In this embodiment, needle stand 122b also has a groove 184b, but this groove is located immediately at the near-end of needle stand.Separating the surperficial 212b that section towards the far-end of needle stand has a coarse or dentation with groove 184b.Hanging section 200b is not the near-end that stretches out and end at needle guard, but ends at the place spaced apart with the needle guard near-end.The inner surface that hangs section 200b has the similar coarse or toothed surfaces that engages with surperficial 212b on the needle stand 22b of being used for.Establish a projection or round 213 along the outer surface that hangs section 200b, hang section 200b for user " perception ".The description of embodiment shown in the relevant accompanying drawing 21-25 with the front of the use of embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing 26-29 is similar.But, with one or more the same in other any structure form, in this structure, also can on needle guard, open some slits along its length, preferably on position respect to one another on the same diameter, open each relative part of making on the needle guard can both be radially outside sweep inwardly take off so that easily needle guard is installed on the needle stand or from needle stand.

With reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 30-33, wherein identical with the embodiment of front part all adopts identical number mark expression, just adds tail tag " C " in number mark back.In this embodiment, the tooth 240 of ratchet-like abuts against the base portion of needle stand 22C.These ratchets 240 are the variation of taper shape towards the needle end of needle stand.In Figure 31, the inner surface of needle guard 20C upper edge this sheath 20c has the ratchet 242 that is the taper variation of the shape complementarity of some approach ends.Be preferably in needle guard 20c along cracking vertically on the diameter position respect to one another, make two and half relative ones can the footpath inwardly move or move outward.This design has been arranged, when needs with syringe needle when strategic point joint in road is taken off, can be along a direction rotation needle guard that ratchet 240 and 242 is engaged each other, to destroy the static friction between the joint in distress of needle stand and road.Along opposite direction rotation needle guard ratchet 240 and 242 will be skidded each other, and moment of torsion can not passed to road strategic point joint basically.Design the direction of engagement of ratchet and the action direction that skids, make direction of rotation that ratchet engages corresponding to making joint elements be fastened on the direction of rotation of needle tubing one end.Its instead, make cause needle guard that ratchet 240 and 242 skids each other with respect to the direction of needle stand rotation with make joint elements corresponding from the direction of rotation that needle tubing one end screws down.But the moment of torsion that the effect of skidding applies joint elements is not enough to make joint elements to unclamp or outward winding from needle tubing one end.

With reference to the embodiment shown in Figure 34-40, wherein with the embodiment of front in identical part represent with identical number mark, just add a tail tag " d " in number mark back.In this embodiment, needle stand 22d comprises a groove 244 and second groove 246 that is formed by an annular linear surface.Needle stand 22d also comprises a matching surface 216d, and when pacifying needle assembly to syringe, needle guard 20d and this matching surface are fitted so that needle stand is applied an axial compressive force.As shown in figure 35, can on needle guard 20d, vertically crack, half one respect to one another can radially inwardly or outwards be offset.

After being installed to needle assembly on the syringe, needle guard is in its axial retracted position, that is, as shown in figure 37, be positioned at the flange 196d on the inner surface of its near-end of needle guard 20d and the inner surface 246 of needle stand and be bonded with each other.Like this, the end face of surperficial 216d and needle guard matches, and makes needle assembly with the road of friction mode and joint elements connector engages in distress.Needle guard can also freely rotate with respect to needle stand 22d on two opposite directions, makes that being applied to moment of torsion on the needle guard is not passed on the joint elements or is not enough to cause joint elements to revolve from syringe tip and take off.When needs are extractd syringe needle, and at this moment needle guard (engages with groove 246 when being in the origin-location fully by flange 196d, applies an axial tension flange 196d is entered in the groove 244, see Figure 38.The surface of groove 244 and flange 196d can be coarse or dentation, so that moment of torsion can be delivered on the needle stand from needle guard.Apply an axial force along the direction of leaving syringe, add moment of torsion, by the side of extruding needle guard, the static friction between needle stand and the road strategic point joint is just bad by the slope.When the axial force that applies along the direction of leaving syringe made 196d and 244 engage, this moment of torsion can only be applied on the needle guard, thus be applied on the joint elements moment of torsion all deficiency so that joint elements get loose from the end of needle tubing.Figure 39 is another form of this embodiment, and two grooves 248 on the needle stand 22d and 250 are respectively wedge shapes all, it should be noted that the diameter of the diameter of groove 248 deepest part diametrically less than the appropriate section of groove 250.Like this, when the flange 252 of the shape complementarity on the needle guard extend in the groove 248, needle guard can freely rotate.The bottom of flange 252 can be circular along its bottom side or wedge shape, to guarantee can to slip over groove 248 when needle guard is installed.When flange 252 stretch in the groove 250 and needle guard when syringe is removed vertically, can apply moment of torsion to needle stand.

With reference to Figure 41-46, wherein identical with the embodiment of front part adopts identical number mark, adds tail tag " e " in number mark back.Fin or flange 268 that a series of axles that are parallel to needle stand or syringe needle that separate each other along circumference are arranged in the bottom of needle stand 22e.These fins the inner in the axial direction ends on the position near the needle stand chassis, makes to be positioned at stretching flange 269 and can freely rotate with needle guard on the needle guard 20e after sheath is installed on the needle stand.These flanges in the present embodiment comprise a series of have V-arrangement or wedge-shaped upper surface, along circumference separate each other and radially inner extension.Like this, after installing to needle guard on the needle stand, needle guard can on both direction, freely rotate and externally seat apply moment of torsion.Open by vertically needle guard being moved from syringe, these extensions are guided between those flanges of needle stand by the upper guide of these wedge shapes.When extension 269 is between the flange 270, is applied to revolving force on the needle guard and is passed on the needle stand static friction is destroyed.Continue to draw back needle guard during applying this moment of torsion, the moment of torsion that joint elements are produced is not enough so that it gets loose from syringe tip.

In embodiment shown in Figure 46, the lower end of extension 272 also is wedge shape or V-arrangement.This helps needle guard is installed on the needle stand, extension 272 is aligned between the fin 268 in case enter be arranged in below these fins and with the lower recess 274 of the chassis adjacency of needle stand.

Though invention has been described in conjunction with thinking the most practical and most preferred embodiment at present, but should be realized that, the present invention is not limited to these embodiment that separates, and on the contrary, the present invention has comprised various improvement projects and the equivalent arrangements in design of claims and scope.

Claims (14)

1. a syringe comprises: an axial elongated hollow needle tubing; One be positioned at described hollow needle tubing one end, be used to carry a syringe needle joint elements, described parts can carry out fluid exchange with described hollow needle tubing inside; With

The plunger that can in described needle tubing, shift to and move apart described hollow needle tubing one end vertically; It is characterized in that:

These joint elements are by being contained on this needle tubing with screw thread with respect to the rotation of described needle tubing in a direction, and by with respect to this needle tubing in the opposite direction rotation and screw down from needle tubing;

By the far-end carrier band of plunger and the joint elements connected structure that engages with the supporting connected structure of joint elements carrier band with respect to the axially-movable of described plunger when described needle tubing one end moves, described joint elements and described supporting connected structure comprise separately the transmission composition surface be connected composition surface, the pulled surface of the pulled surface of described supporting connected structure and joint elements connected structure can move axially and is engaged with each other together and can moves together by conjugation towards an end of described needle tubing corresponding to described plunger, make joint elements can along with plunger with respect to the rotation of needle tubing and be unscrewed in above-mentioned rightabout with respect to needle tubing, described those connect composition surfaces and comprise that some move axially and be engaged with each other together towards an end of described needle tubing corresponding to described plunger, the locking surface that plunger and joint elements are linked together each other securely, like this when described plunger axis the inside and be fixed on the joint elements and relative bonding parts when being the final position in entering needle tubing, described plunger and joint elements permanently are locked to each other basically, and relative motion on axial can take place together and not;

Described syringe needle comprises a needle stand by described joint elements carrier band, described syringe also has a needle guard, the overcoat that comprises one one end sealing other end opening, be used to hold that part that described syringe needle and described needle stand are positioned at overcoat, described needle guard and described needle stand have surface separately, these surperficial shapes make the moment of torsion that on a first direction described needle guard is applied be passed on the described needle stand, and when when the second direction opposite with described first direction applies moment of torsion to needle guard, make that needle guard is relative with needle stand to be rotated, moment of torsion can be delivered on the described needle stand from described needle guard, described second direction corresponding to joint elements with respect to the rotation of needle tubing and make these joint elements unscrew the direction of taking off from this needle tubing.

2. syringe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described locking surface has the part that a footpath concaves on one of described joint elements and described plunger, and on another of described joint elements and described plunger, has a radially-protruding part, therefore, when described plunger when the far-end of described needle tubing moves axially, described radially female parts and described radially sponson are engaged with each other, and described joint elements and described plunger are moved jointly vertically and syringe needle is withdrawn into needle tubing inside.

3. syringe according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described locking surface comprises one second radially sponson on one of described joint elements and described plunger, described each radially sponson relatively be provided with and be connected with each other, so that when described plunger is near its axial location in the final fixed position of joint elements, to described plunger initial resistance of mobile generation towards described far-end.

4. syringe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described locking surface comprises one second radially sponson on one of described joint elements and described plunger, described each radially sponson relatively be provided with and engage each other, so that when described plunger is near its axial location in the final fixed position of described joint elements, to described plunger initial resistance of mobile generation towards described far-end, described plunger has a stopper of being made by compressible material, towards moving towards described final fixed position with the described axial location that approaches described final fixed position, described stopper is compressed in described needle tubing corresponding to described plunger.

5. syringe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described locking surface comprises one second radially sponson on one of described joint elements and described plunger, described each radially sponson relatively be provided with and be connected with each other, so that be positioned at when approaching its axial location in the final fixed position of described joint elements at described plunger, to described plunger initial resistance of mobile generation towards described far-end, described plunger comprises a plunger body that has a stopper, described stopper can be mobile between the second position that separates near the primary importance of the far-end of described plunger and the other end and primary importance towards described plunger body on the described body, shift to described final fixed position corresponding to described plunger from the described axial location near described final fixed position, described stopper can be shifted to the described second position from described primary importance.

6. syringe according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described those connected structures cooperate each other, moves axially corresponding to the far-end of described plunger towards described needle tubing, and plunger and joint elements are relatively rotated.

7. syringe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, near-end at described plunger forms a cylindrical cavity, and has the syndeton that all matches on the size and dimension with the corresponding syndeton that had on the far-end of described needle tubing, described plunger also has a structure that described near-end and distal portion are turned up the soil and linked together between the near-end of described plunger and far-end, with plunger when the needle tubing far-end is drawn back, the described near-end of plunger is pulled down and is connected on the far-end of needle tubing from described plunger.

8. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described syringe needle has a long axis, described needle guard can be freely at least one direction axle parallel around one or that coincide with described needle shaft rotate with respect to described needle holder.

9. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the surface of matching that is positioned on described needle guard and the described needle stand has some ratchets, when when described first direction applies moment of torsion to described needle guard, these ratchets are engaged with each other, and when when described second direction applies moment of torsion to described needle guard, these ratchets slip over each other.

10. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described surface of matching comprises a surface that is located on the described needle guard, this surface can a primary importance that separates with needle stand and one can with the second position fitted in another the described surface of matching on being located at described needle stand between move.

11. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described syringe needle has an axis, described needle guard axis that is can be freely parallel around one or that coincide with described needle axis rotates with respect to described needle stand on described first direction and second direction, described needle guard has parts, these parts can with described needle stand primary importance spaced apart and with the second position that described needle stand engages between move, described parts have in the described surface of matching, parts with above-mentioned one of the surface of matching make along described first direction the moment of torsion that described needle guard applies to be delivered on the described needle stand by the described surface of matching in the described second position and described another surface engagement.

12. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described needle stand and described needle guard have and are used for knock-down maintenance structure that described needle stand and described needle guard removably are fixed together each other.

13. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described surface of matching that is positioned on described needle guard and the described needle stand has some ratchets, when when described first direction applies moment of torsion to described needle guard, described ratchet is engaged with each other, and the described second direction of present dynasty is when applying moment of torsion to described needle guard, described ratchet slips over each other, described needle guard comprise one subsidiary and have parts of described ratchet by described needle guard, described parts can with described needle stand with primary importance separating of ratchet and with described needle stand with the second position being connected of ratchet between mobile.

14. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described needle guard and needle stand respectively carry first pair of matching surface, this is engaged with each other to the surface of matching, make the power that is applied on the described needle guard along a first direction be passed on the described needle stand end of described needle stand and syringe is together fixed to one another, on described needle stand and described needle guard, also respectively carry second pair of surface of matching, this is engaged with each other to matching surface, make the power that is applied on the described needle guard along the second direction opposite be passed on the described needle stand, so that described needle stand is taken off from the end of syringe with described first direction.

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