CN114731498A

CN114731498A - Reflective communication method, exciter, reflector and receiver

Info

Publication number: CN114731498A
Application number: CN201980102391.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 颜矛; 高宽栋; 黄煌; 邵华
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-17
Filing date: 2019-12-17
Publication date: 2022-07-08
Also published as: WO2021119987A1

Abstract

The application provides a reflective communication method, an exciter, a reflector and a receiver. The method comprises the following steps: the exciter transmits a first excitation signal for providing energy and an information carrier to the reflector for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver, the first reference signal being used for the receiver to obtain precoding information; the exciter receives the precoding information; the exciter will transmit a second excitation signal comprising the pre-coding information modulated signal for supplying the energy and the information carrier for reflecting the data signal towards the receiver to the reflector. By the reflective communication method, interference among reflective communication channels is reduced, and data receiving performance of a receiving end in reflective communication can be improved.

Description

Reflective communication method, exciter, reflector and receiver

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly, to a reflective communication method, an exciter, a reflector, and a receiver.

Background

In reflective communication, the reflector typically reflects the excitation signal of the exciter and carries data upon reflection.

The Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology can improve transmission performance and efficiency of a communication system, and in order to improve system performance of reflective communication, when the multiple antenna precoding technology in MIMO is applied to reflective communication, a conventional exciter cannot identify the current multiple antenna precoding technology, and the current multiple antenna precoding technology is complex in processing process, and when the MIMO technology is applied to reflective communication, data received by a receiving end is not necessarily accurate.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application provides a reflective communication method, an actuator, a reflector, and a receiver, which can improve the performance of receiving data in reflective communication.

In a first aspect, a reflective communication method is provided, the method including: the exciter transmits a first excitation signal for providing energy and an information carrier to the reflector for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver, the first reference signal being used for the receiver to obtain precoding information; the exciter receives the precoding information from the receiver; the exciter transmits a second excitation signal comprising the pre-coded information modulated signal for supplying energy and an information carrier to the reflector for reflecting the data signal towards the receiver.

Based on the technical scheme, the interference between the reflection communication channels can be reduced, and the performance of the data received by the receiving end is improved.

Alternatively, the precoding information may be premodulation information sent by each antenna port of the exciter, or precoding information sent by each antenna port of the exciter, or phase difference and/or amplitude difference information between signals sent by each antenna port of the exciter.

Optionally, the first reference signal may be system predefined or configured by the actuator.

Optionally, the start time and the time length of sending the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal are configured by the controller.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second excitation signal is determined according to a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, and the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports are the same reference signal.

In the technical scheme, the same interference among a plurality of signals sent by the excitation signal is avoided, and the demodulation of the data signal by the receiver is facilitated, so that the system performance of the reflection communication can be improved.

Optionally, the exciter may transmit a product of the precoding information modulation signal and the second reference signal, where the second reference signal may be predefined by the system or configured by the exciter, or may be a sequence formed in a preset manner.

Optionally, the second reference signals corresponding to the antenna ports may also be different reference signals.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the signal modulated by the precoding information includes a signal modulated by any one of the following modulation schemes: either Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), such as 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM and 1024 QAM.

In the technical scheme, the exciter directly modulates and transmits the precoding information, which is beneficial to improving the system performance of the reflective communication.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the using the first reference signal for the receiver to obtain precoding information includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal.

Optionally, the receiver may further estimate a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver according to the first reference signal to obtain the precoding information.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first excitation signal includes excitation signals corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other.

In the technical scheme, when excitation signals corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports are mutually orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal, the channel estimation of the receiver is facilitated.

In a second aspect, a reflective communication method is provided, the method comprising receiving, by a reflector, a first excitation signal transmitted by an exciter, the first excitation signal being for providing energy and an information carrier to the reflector for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver; according to the first excitation signal, a reflector reflects the first reference signal to the receiver, wherein the first reference signal is used for the receiver to acquire precoding information; the reflector receives a second excitation signal transmitted by the exciter, the second excitation signal being used for supplying energy and the information carrier to the reflector for reflecting the data signal to the receiver; the reflector reflects a data signal to the receiver in response to the second excitation signal, the second excitation signal including a signal modulated with precoding information.

Optionally, the precoding information may be premodulation information sent by each antenna port of the exciter, or precoding information sent by each antenna port of the exciter, or phase difference and/or amplitude difference information between signals sent by each antenna port of the exciter.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the second excitation signal is determined according to a second reference signal corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports, and the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports are the same reference signal.

In the technical scheme, the same interference among a plurality of signals of the excitation signal is avoided, and the system performance of the reflection communication is favorably improved.

Optionally, the second reference signal may be system predefined or configured by the actuator.

Optionally, when the second excitation signal includes a second reference signal corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports, the reflector reflects the data signal and/or the third reference signal, which is beneficial for the receiving end to demodulate the data signal.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the signal modulated by the precoding information includes a signal modulated by any one of the following modulation schemes: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first reference signal is used for the receiver to acquire precoding information, and includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first excitation signal includes excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other.

In a third aspect, a reflective communication method is provided, the method including: the receiver receives a first reference signal reflected by the reflector according to the first excitation signal; the receiver acquires precoding information according to the first reference signal; the receiver transmits the precoding information to the exciter; the receiver receives a data signal reflected by the reflector in accordance with a second excitation signal determined from the signal modulated with the precoding information.

In the technical scheme, the receiver acquires precoding information according to the first reference signal, and the exciter receives and modulates the precoding information fed back by the receiver.

Optionally, during the process of transmitting the second excitation signal by the exciter, the receiver receives the data signal and/or the third reference signal reflected by the reflector, and the second excitation signal includes a signal modulated by precoding information.

The third reference signal facilitates demodulation of the data signal of the reflector by the receiver.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the second excitation signal is determined according to a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, and the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports are the same reference signal.

In the technical scheme, the same interference among a plurality of signals sent by the excitation signal is avoided, and the demodulation of the data signal by the receiver is facilitated, so that the system performance of the reflective communication can be improved.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the signal modulated by the precoding information includes a signal modulated by any one of the following modulation schemes: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the obtaining precoding information by the receiver using the first reference signal includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal.

Optionally, the receiver may further estimate a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver according to the first reference signal to obtain precoding information.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first excitation signal includes excitation signals corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided an actuator comprising: a transmitting module for transmitting a first excitation signal for providing energy and an information carrier to a reflector for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver, the first reference signal being used for the receiver to obtain precoding information; a receiving module for receiving the precoding information from the receiver; the transmitting module is further configured to transmit a second excitation signal comprising the pre-coded information modulated signal, the second excitation signal being configured to provide energy and an information carrier for reflecting a data signal towards the receiver to a reflector.

Optionally, the start time and the time length of transmitting the first excitation signal and the second excitation signal are configured by the controller.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the second excitation signal is determined according to a second reference signal corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports, and the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports are the same reference signal.

Alternatively, the exciter may transmit the product of the precoding information modulation signal and the second reference signal.

Optionally, the second reference signals corresponding to the multiple antenna ports may also be different reference signals.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the signal modulated by the precoding information includes a signal modulated by any one of the following modulation schemes: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the obtaining precoding information by the receiver with the first reference signal includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first excitation signal includes excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other.

In a fifth aspect, there is provided a reflector comprising: a first receiving module for receiving a first excitation signal transmitted by the exciter, the first excitation signal being used to provide energy and an information carrier to the reflector for reflecting the first reference signal to the receiver; a first reflection module, configured to reflect a first reference signal to the receiver according to the first excitation signal, where the first reference signal is used by the receiver to obtain precoding information; a second receiving module for receiving a second excitation signal transmitted by the exciter, the second excitation signal being used for supplying energy and the information carrier for reflecting the data signal towards the receiver to the reflector; and the second reflection module is used for reflecting the data signal to the receiver according to the second excitation signal, wherein the second excitation signal comprises a signal modulated by precoding information.

Optionally, the first receiving module and the second receiving module may be the same module; the first reflection module and the second reflection module may be the same module.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the second excitation signal is determined according to a second reference signal corresponding to each of the multiple antenna ports, and the second reference signals corresponding to each of the multiple antenna ports are the same reference signal.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the signal modulated by the precoding information includes a signal modulated by any one of the following modulation schemes: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first reference signal is used by a receiver to acquire precoding information, and includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal.

Optionally, the receiver estimates a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver according to the first reference signal to obtain precoding information.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first excitation signal includes excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other.

In a sixth aspect, there is provided a receiver comprising: the receiving module is used for receiving a first reference signal reflected by the reflector in the process that the exciter sends the first excitation signal; a processing module, configured to obtain precoding information according to the first reference signal; a sending module, configured to send the precoding information to an exciter; the receiving module is further configured to receive the data signal reflected by the reflector during a process in which the exciter transmits a second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal is determined according to the signal modulated by the precoding information.

Optionally, during the process of transmitting the second excitation signal by the exciter, the receiver receives the data signal and/or the second reference signal reflected by the reflector, and the second excitation signal is an excitation signal generated based on the precoding information.

With reference to the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the second excitation signal is determined according to a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, and the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports are the same reference signal.

With reference to the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the signal modulated by the precoding information includes a signal modulated by any one of the following modulation schemes: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

With reference to the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the first reference signal is used by the receiver to acquire precoding information, and includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal.

With reference to the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the first excitation signal includes excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other.

In a seventh aspect, an exciter is provided, comprising transceiving circuitry and processing circuitry, the processing circuitry being configured to perform the method according to the first aspect using the transceiving circuitry.

In an eighth aspect, there is provided a reflector comprising transceiver circuitry and processing circuitry for performing the method of the second aspect using the transceiver circuitry.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided a receiver comprising transceiving circuitry and processing circuitry for performing the method of the third aspect using the transceiving circuitry.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a reflective communication system of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of reflective communication according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is yet another schematic illustration of reflective communication in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a hardware configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic time-frequency structure diagram of a first excitation signal according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic time-frequency structure diagram of a second excitation signal in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic time structure diagram of an excitation signal according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic time structure diagram of a reflected signal according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a receiver of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a reflector according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application can be applied to any current or future system adopting the reflective communication technology.

The reflection communication is carried out by means of the wireless signals received by the reflection antenna end, and the method is suitable for information transmission with extremely low power consumption and low cost applied to the Internet of things. Fig. 1 shows a schematic architecture diagram of a reflective communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the reflective communication system 100 includes at least an exciter, a reflector, and a receiver.

In fig. 1, the exciter transmits a wireless signal; the reflector receives the wireless signal of the exciter and reflects the signal; during reflection, the reflector can bear a self signal on a reflection signal; the receiver demodulates the data carried on the reflected signal. Depending on the mode or capability of operation of the reflector, there are two categories, passive (energy required for data processing, reflection, acquisition by wireless signals) and semi-active (i.e. part of the communication process requires battery or other means for power). Both passive and semi-active, low power consumption and even no external power source communication is achieved by carrying data on the reflected wireless signal.

In the embodiment of the present application, there may be the following types according to the correspondence between the exciter and the receiver and the existing LTE or NR network: the exciter is User Equipment (UE) and the receiver is a base station; the exciter is a base station, and the receiver is user equipment; the exciter and the receiver are both user equipment; both the exciter and the receiver are base stations.

In the embodiment of the present application, any one of the exciter, the reflector, and the receiver may be interpreted as: any one of a network device, a terminal device (UE), an internet of things device (IoT), and a device (device) in an existing 3GPP network; or as a reader, tag (tag) in an RFID network; or a dedicated receiver (dedicated to the device receiving the reflected signal, which may be connected to the network device, or directly to the cellular network); or a dedicated exciter (a device dedicated to transmitting the excitation signal, either connected to the network device or directly connected to the cellular network). Also, future protocols are not excluded from defining new device types/names.

Terminal equipment in the embodiments of the present application may refer to user equipment, access terminals, subscriber units, subscriber stations, mobile stations, remote terminals, mobile devices, user terminals, wireless communication devices, user agents, or user devices. The terminal device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a future 5G network or a terminal device in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), and the like, which are not limited in this embodiment.

The network device in this embodiment may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, where the network device may be a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system or a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, may also be a base station (nodeB, NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, may also be an evolved node b (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, may also be a wireless controller in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) scenario, or may be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device in a future 5G network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, and the like, and the present embodiment is not limited.

Other possible designations for the exciter: a helper, an interrogator, a reader, and a User Equipment (UE); other possible designations for the reflector: a reflection device (backscatter device), a passive device (battery-less device), a passive device (passive device), a semi-active device (semi-passive device), a scattered signal device (ambient signal device), a tag (tag), and the like. Reflective communication is also known as: passive communication, diffuse communication, etc.

As shown in fig. 1, the backscatter communication system may further include a controller, and in one implementation, the receiver is a controller, and the excitation signal configuration information and/or the reflection signal configuration information sent by the controller to the exciter or the receiver may be indicated by at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, medium access control-control element (MAC CE), medium access control-protocol data unit (MAC-PDU), Downlink Control Information (DCI), and system information. The reflected signal configuration information transmitted to the reflector is notified to the reflector by at least one of reflected link control information of the exciter, reflected link radio resource control information, and reflected link medium access control information. A reflective link refers to an exciter to reflector communication link or an exciter to reflector to receiver communication link.

Wherein the excitation signal configuration information includes but is not limited to: frequency, time, subcarrier spacing, number of transmit ports, signals mapped to each port, and frequency and/or time location of the excitation signal. The reflected signal configuration information includes, but is not limited to: reflection data symbol rate, reflection start time and time length, reflection data bit time width, reflection data bit rate.

It should be understood that fig. 1 is only a schematic diagram illustrating the exciter as a controller, and in one implementation, the exciter may be a controller, wherein the excitation signal and/or the reflected signal configuration information is sent to the receiver for the receiver to perform excitation signal cancellation and/or reflected signal demodulation. In an implementation manner, the third-party device is a controller, where the excitation signal and/or the reflected signal configuration information is sent to the receiver, so that the receiver performs excitation signal cancellation and/or reflected signal demodulation, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

It should be appreciated that in one implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the exciter and the receiver in the backscatter communication system 100 may be integrated into the same node and be the same device. For example, in a radio-frequency identification (RFID) system, an exciter and a receiver are integrated in the same node, which is called a reader/writer.

In an RFID system, the communication process can be divided into the following steps:

step 1: a Continuous Wave (CW), i.e. a single tone signal/cosine signal/sine signal, is transmitted for energizing the reflector.

Step 2: the reader-writer sends an amplitude-shift keying (ASK) signal for charging the reflector and sending control information, and at the same time, the activated reflector demodulates the ASK of the reader-writer to obtain the control information, and then performs corresponding operation at Step 3.

Step 3: the reader-writer continuously transmits continuous waves for providing energy and an information carrier to the reflector; the reflector reflects the data signal according to the control information of the reader-writer; the reader/writer receives the continuous wave excitation signal and attempts to demodulate the reflected data while transmitting the signal.

Step 4: the reading or writing process of the reader-writer on the reflector can pass from Step 1 to Step 3 for multiple times until the target operation is completed.

The excitation signal sent by the exciter has two functions: charged and acts as a reflective data carrier, i.e. provides the reflector with energy and an information carrier. That is, the reflector, upon reflection of the signal, relies on the excitation signal to supply power and carry its own data signal in the excitation signal. From the viewpoint of occupied frequency bandwidth, the signal transmitted by the exciter may be a single-tone signal (i.e., a continuous sine wave) or a single-carrier signal, or may be a multi-tone signal (e.g., a signal with a certain bandwidth). Generally, the signal transmitted by the exciter is a known signal, or a data signal transmitted to the receiver. In the RFID system, the reader/writer (sending the excitation signal) sends a single tone signal, which is also called Continuous Wave (CW), and does not carry any data. When the RFID reflects data, the original data is directly carried in the signal.

In a cellular network, a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology, i.e., a multi-antenna technology, is divided into a downlink and an uplink. In the MIMO uplink process, the base station tells the terminal to perform a transmission operation by sending a precoding matrix indicator (TPMI), and a precoding formula is relatively complex. In the MIMO downlink process, a precoding matrix W is W1W 2, where W1 represents L orthogonal beam precoding (generally adopting DFT matrix, which is uniform amplitude), W2 is a combination of L beams, and generally adopting Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) or 8-PSK to perform quantization processing, and through two-stage coding, non-uniform precoding can be implemented so that different spatial channel components have different weights.

In order to improve the system performance of the reflective communication, when the MIMO is applied to the reflective communication, interference exists between channels, which causes the problem that the data received by the receiving end of the reflective communication system is inaccurate.

According to the embodiment of the application, interference among channels is reduced through a multi-antenna excitation method based on feedback, and the performance of receiving data by a receiving end in reflection communication can be improved.

The method of reflective communication according to the embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reflective communication according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the method 200 includes steps S210 to S230.

In step S210, the exciter sends a first excitation signal, where the first excitation signal is used for the reflector to reflect a first reference signal to the receiver, and the first reference signal is used for the receiver to obtain precoding information.

The first reference signal may be configured by the exciter or may be predefined by the system.

The first reference signal may be a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like. From the reference signal, the receiving end can deduce the time and frequency position of the signal and the signal/symbol carried in time and frequency, which are known or according to a predetermined rule. The reference signal is used to obtain a known signal affected by the external environment (e.g., spatial channel, non-ideality of a transmitting or receiving end device) in transmission, and is generally used for channel estimation, auxiliary signal demodulation and detection, etc.

The first excitation signal may include excitation signals corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other. When the excitation signals corresponding to the multiple antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other, the receiver is facilitated to perform channel estimation.

Optionally, the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports may not intersect with each other.

Optionally, the receiver may further perform exciter-reflector-receiver cascade channel estimation according to the received first reference signal, so as to obtain precoding information of each antenna port of the exciter. The receiver may also estimate a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver based on the first reference signal to obtain precoding information. The precoding information may be premodulation information transmitted by each antenna port of the exciter, precoding information transmitted by each antenna port of the exciter, or phase difference and/or amplitude difference information between signals transmitted by each antenna port of the exciter. The precoding information may be obtained based on a linear precoding manner, such as a matched filter, zero-forcing precoding, and the like; the precoding information may also be obtained based on a non-linear precoding manner, such as dirty paper coding, vector precoding, and the like, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the application.

In step S220, the exciter receives the precoding information.

Step S230, the exciter modulates the precoding information and then transmits a second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal is determined according to the signal modulated by the precoding information.

One possible implementation is that the exciter may modulate the precoding information before transmitting it, for example, the modulation may be any one of QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

The exciter directly modulates the precoding information and then directly transmits the information, which is beneficial to improving the system performance of the reflective communication.

In another possible implementation manner, the exciter may further obtain a precoding weight for sending the second excitation signal in a table look-up manner according to the precoding information.

In another possible implementation manner, the exciter may further obtain the precoding weights of the antenna ports by table lookup according to the precoding information of the antenna ports, and send the second excitation signal according to the precoding weights. Wherein the precoding weights in the table are symbols in the constellation space. For example, the constellation space may be at least one of QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

During the process of transmitting the second excitation signal by the exciter, the receiver can also receive the data signal and/or the second reference signal reflected by the reflector, and the second excitation signal comprises the signal modulated by the precoding information.

Optionally, the second excitation signal may also be determined according to a second reference signal corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports. When the second excitation signal comprises the same second reference signals corresponding to the antenna ports, the same interference among the signals sent by the excitation signal is avoided, and the demodulation of the data signal by the receiver is facilitated, so that the system performance of the reflective communication can be improved. The second reference signal may be predefined by the system, or may be configured by the exciter, such as a sequence formed by a predetermined manner, and the sequence is a scrambling signal, which can avoid the same interference between the channels. The second reference signal may also be a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), and the like, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

In the above technical solution, the receiver first performs channel estimation of reflective communication according to the received reference signal to obtain precoding information, and then feeds back the precoding information to the exciter, and the exciter performs corresponding power matching according to the modulated precoding information to transmit a second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal includes a precoding information modulation signal, and in this process, the reflector reflects the data signal. The scheme utilizes the excitation to directly modulate the precoding information and then send the information, so that the interference between the reflection communication channels can be reduced, and the performance of receiving data by a receiving end is improved.

FIG. 3 is yet another schematic illustration of reflective communication in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the method 300 includes steps S310 to S370.

In step S310, the exciter transmits a first excitation signal.

The first excitation signal may include excitation signals corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports, the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports being orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other. When the excitation signals corresponding to the multiple antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other, the receiver is facilitated to perform channel estimation.

Optionally, the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports may not be orthogonal to each other.

Optionally, the excitation signals corresponding to the multiple antenna ports are mutually orthogonal in a part of time and frequency resources, and are not mutually orthogonal in another part of time and frequency resources.

In step S320, the reflector reflects the first reference signal.

During transmission of the first excitation signal by the exciter, the reflector reflects a first reference signal used by the receiver to estimate the channel between the exciter and the reflector and the channel between the reflector and the receiver to generate precoding information.

The first reference signal, which may be system predefined or configured by the exciter, may also be generated in a manner known to the receiver. For example, the first reference signal may be a DMRS, a CSI-RS, a PTRS, an SRS, a PRACH, a CSI-RS, and the like, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

The first excitation signal may be system predefined or receiver configured, and the first reference signal may be generated in a manner known or configured by the receiver. For example, the first reference signal may be a DMRS, a CSI-RS, a PTRS, an SRS, a PRACH, a CSI-RS, and the like, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Step S330, the receiver performs channel estimation according to the received first reference signal to obtain precoding information.

And the receiver carries out channel estimation according to the received first reference signal, wherein the channel comprises a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver, and precoding information of a plurality of antenna ports of the exciter is obtained according to the result of the channel estimation.

The precoding information may be premodulation information transmitted by each antenna port of the exciter, precoding information transmitted by each antenna port of the exciter, phase difference and/or amplitude difference information between signals transmitted by each antenna port of the exciter and a reference antenna port, or the like.

The precoding information may be obtained based on a linear precoding manner, such as a matched filter, zero-forcing precoding, and the like; the precoding information may also be obtained based on a non-linear precoding manner, such as dirty paper coding, vector precoding, and the like.

In step S340, the receiver transmits the precoding information to the exciter.

Alternatively, the receiver may quantize the precoding information and send it to the exciter. One possible implementation is to quantize the precoding information to a constellation of exciter modulated data, e.g., 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, etc.

In step S350, the exciter modulates the precoding information and transmits a second excitation signal.

The precoding information of each port of the exciter may be further multiplied by a second reference signal corresponding to each antenna port, which may be predefined, configured by the exciter, or generated in a manner known to the receiver. For example, the second reference signal may be a DMRS, CSI-RS, PTRS, SRS, PRACH, CSI-RS, or the like.

Alternatively, the precoding information of the respective antenna ports may be multiplied by the same second reference signal on the same time and frequency resources.

Optionally, the exciter may modulate and transmit the precoding information, and one possible implementation is to map the precoding information modulation to a constellation space, for example, the constellation space may be at least one of QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

In step S360, the reflector reflects the data signal.

During transmission of the second excitation signal by the exciter, the data signal is reflected by the reflector, the excitation signal being generated based on the pre-encoded information.

Optionally, the reflector reflects the data signal and/or the third reference signal, and when the reflector reflects the data signal and/or the third reference signal, the receiving end is facilitated to demodulate the data signal.

Before starting the reflective communication, the method further includes step S370, where the exciter, or the receiver, or other control entity configures the reflective communication to complete the parameter configuration required for the reflective communication.

When the receiver is a controller, the number of antenna ports of the exciter may be notified to the receiver in advance, and the receiver may specifically configure the number of transmission ports and signals according to the number of antenna ports, that is, the number of ports to be finally transmitted may be less than the number of antenna ports supported by the exciter.

When the exciter is a controller, the exciting signal and/or the reflected signal configuration information is sent to the receiver, so that the receiver can eliminate the exciting signal and/or demodulate the reflected signal.

When the third-party control device is a controller, the excitation signal and/or the reflected signal configuration information is sent to the receiver, so that the receiver can perform excitation signal elimination and/or reflected signal demodulation.

The excitation signal configuration information and/or the reflection signal configuration information transmitted to the exciter or the receiver may be indicated by at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, a medium access control-control element (MAC CE), a medium access control-protocol data unit (MAC-PDU), Downlink Control Information (DCI), and system information. The reflected signal configuration information transmitted to the reflector is notified to the reflector by at least one of reflected link control information of the exciter, reflected link radio resource control information, and reflected link medium access control information. A reflective link refers to an exciter to reflector communication link or an exciter to reflector to receiver communication link.

Wherein the excitation signal configuration information includes but is not limited to: frequency, time, subcarrier spacing, number of transmit ports, signals mapped to each port, and frequency and/or time location of the excitation signal. The reflected signal configuration information includes, but is not limited to: a reflected data symbol rate, a first reflection start time and time length (for estimating the concatenated channel), a second reflection start time and time length (for reflecting the data signal), a reflected data bit time width, a reflected data bit rate, and the like.

The following will describe the principle of multi-antenna precoding in the embodiments of the present application in detail.

The signal model for the MIMO channel is:

the excitation signals are: s ═ s₀,s ₁,...,s _M-1] ^T，s _iIs an arbitrary signal sequence;

exciter to receiver channel: h ═ h₀,h ₁,...,h _M-1]；

Exciter to reflector channel: g ═ g₀,g ₁,...,g _M-1]；

Reflector-to-receiver channel: f;

noise: n;

reflection data coefficient:

defaults to 1;

the signal arriving at the BS at the k-th OFDM symbol is y_k：

Namely:

wherein s is_k,mIs the product of the precoding vector and the reference signal. The following assumptions can be based: the reference signal is 1, i.e. the precoding of each antenna port m is directly transmitted. It can also be assumed that the adjacent reflected data symbols are perfectly interference (excitation signal) cancelled. In fact, this ideal cancellation state can be achieved if the reflector data is spread with a relatively good reflected data spreading code. For example, one reflector data bit, is spread with the following spreading code:

a spreading code [1, -1] of length 2;

or a spreading code of length 4: [1, -1,1, -1], [1,1, -1, -1], [1, -1, -1,1 ];

or a spreading code of length 8: [1, -1,1, -1,1, -1,1, -1], [1,1, -1, -1, -1, -1,1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,1, -1;

or other spreading codes with any length, the quantity of 1 and-1 in the spreading codes is equal, or the quantity difference of 1 and-1 is less than N, wherein N is a non-negative integer. For example, N is 1 or 2.

It should be noted that 1 and-1 above represent two states of the reflector. In other implementations, other values and/or other numbers of states are possible. For example A and-A, further for example A and B, further for example A and 0, further for example 1 and 0. For example, four states, a, -a, a x j, -a x j, where j represents a complex unit.

Alternatively, the direct excitation signal can be eliminated by means of continuous interference elimination. Since it is irrelevant to the present application, it will not be described in detail. The signal after cancellation is (still take y)_k，n _kRepresenting the received signal after cancellation of the direct excitation signal and the noise therein, respectively):

to improve the reception performance, it is necessary to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio. I.e. to maximize

The energy of (a). Theoretically, if fg can be obtained_mThen precoding is performed

The best received signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained (i.e., maximized)

Or

). More generally, if the bandwidth is P (i.e., P subcarriers or REs) for the bandwidth signal and there are N receiving antennas, the best precoding vector can be obtained:

wherein f is_n*,pg _m,pCan be

Or may be any other n, even according to f_n,pg _m,pN is 0,1,., N-1; n is a receive antenna index and p is a subcarrier or RE index.

But fg_mIs a real value that needs to be quantized when the receiver informs the exciter. If the bandwidth, the number of transmitting antennas M, and the number of receiving antennas N are large, a large overhead will be caused. A quantization scheme is therefore required.

In one implementation, s is_k,m,pOr s_k,mQuantized to the constellation of exciter modulated data. For example, the constellation space may be a digital space signal point corresponding to 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, or any other data modulation scheme supported by the exciter.

Through the precoding mode based on feedback, the reflection data reception has the best signal-to-noise ratio, and the reception performance of the reflection data can be improved.

The hardware configuration of the embodiment of the present application will be described below. Fig. 4 is a hardware configuration diagram of the reflective communication according to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4 (a), a signal transmitting and signal receiving unit in the exciter is used for transmission and reception of signals, and an excitation signal generating unit generates a transmitted data signal. As shown in (b) of fig. 4, the received signal processing unit of the receiver is configured to process the received signal. As shown in fig. 4 (c), the reflector comprises data reception demodulation, energy collection and management, signal modulation reflection, control logic or processor (further comprising a memory unit, and optionally a channel coding module). The reflector may also be connected to the sensor or sensor data so that the reflector can transmit data collected by the sensor.

The data reflected by the reflector can be identification information, and can also be other data, such as temperature, humidity and the like collected by the sensor. When receiving energy, the internal circuit of the reflector is connected with the energy collecting and managing module; when the signal is reflected, the internal circuit of the reflector is communicated with the signal modulation reflection module. Of course, some sensors have simultaneous energy collection and signal modulation reflection. The control logic or processor (or microprocessor) in the reflector mainly performs the received data processing and the reflected data processing.

The time-frequency structure of the excitation signal of the embodiment of the present application will be described below. Fig. 5 is a time-frequency structure diagram of a first excitation signal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5 (a), the exciter includes two antenna ports, exciter port 1 and exciter port 2. The first excitation signal includes a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in a time dimension, and is composed of two Resource Elements (REs) in frequency. Precoding information s for exciter port 1_1,1、s _1,2Precoding information s carried in one subcarrier, exciter port 2_2,1、s _2,2Carried in another sub-carrier, and by such orthogonal frequency resources, different antenna ports of the exciter are distinguished. As shown in fig. 5 (b), different antenna ports of the exciter may be further distinguished by orthogonal code domain resources, and other orthogonal manners may also be adopted to distinguish the antenna ports, for example, orthogonal time resources and orthogonal time/frequency/code domain resources are distinguished, which are not shown here. When the excitation signals corresponding to the multiple antenna ports are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other, the receiver is facilitated to perform channel estimation. As shown in (c) of fig. 5, the frequency resource of the excitation signal is divided into a plurality of parts, for example, the frequency resource is divided into 4 subcarriers, wherein the middle two subcarriers are used for transmitting the first reference signal for channel estimation at the receiving end, and the other parts are used for communicating with other reflectors using precoding information, wherein the precoding information is the product of the precoding vector and the reference signal. In fact, two subcarriers in the middle of the excitation signal may transmit the reference signal in any manner as in (a) or (b) of fig. 5, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

For the sake of understanding, the schematic diagram of the exciter including two ports is shown, but this should not limit the present application in any way, and the exciter may include more ports in actual practice.

The time-frequency structure of the second excitation signal will be described below. Fig. 6 is a time-frequency structure diagram of a second excitation signal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the second excitation signal may include precoding information of antenna ports and corresponding second reference signals, and each antenna port may transmit the second excitation signal according to the precoding information and/or the second reference signals. The second reference signals corresponding to the antenna ports may be the same reference signal, e.g., s of exciter port 1 in fig. 6_1,1Multiplying by m₁Corresponding, s of exciter port 2_2,1Is also multiplied by m₁。

The temporal structure of the excitation signal and the reflected signal of the embodiments of the present application will be described below. Fig. 7 is a schematic time structure diagram of an excitation signal according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the excitation signal comprises K OFDM symbols in the time dimension, and each OFDM symbol has a respective precoding vector S. Fig. 8 is a schematic time structure diagram of a reflection signal according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 8, a reflection data symbol is composed of a precoding vector and data, and a gap exists between L data symbols. The reflected signal may be based on the time dimension of the OFDM symbol, that is, one reflected signal symbol time is N OFDM symbols, where N may be a non-negative integer, or N is 1/2, 1/3, 1/4; but also on the reflected signal time length, i.e. not the same as the OFDM symbol time.

The receiver, exciter and reflector of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to fig. 9 to 11. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a receiver of an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, the receiver 900 includes at least a receiving module 910, a processing module 920, and a transmitting module 930. The receiving module 910 is configured to receive a first reference signal reflected by a reflector during a process in which the exciter transmits a first excitation signal; the processing module 920 is configured to estimate a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver according to the first reference signal, so as to obtain precoding information; the transmitting module 930, configured to transmit the precoding information to the exciter; the receiving module 910 is further configured to receive the data signal reflected by the reflector during a process of transmitting a second excitation signal by the exciter, where the second excitation signal is determined according to the signal modulated by the precoding information.

Optionally, in the technical scheme, the receiver performs channel estimation on each channel of the reflected communication according to the first reference signal to obtain precoding information, and the exciter receives and modulates the precoding information fed back by the receiver.

Optionally, the second excitation signal may also be determined according to second reference signals corresponding to multiple antenna ports, where the second reference signals corresponding to the multiple antenna ports are the same reference signal. The second reference signals corresponding to the antenna ports may also be different reference signals.

Optionally, the receiving module 910 is further configured to receive a data signal and/or a third reference signal reflected by a reflector during a process that the exciter transmits a second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal includes a signal modulated by the precoding information, and the modulation mode may be any one of QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

Optionally, the first reference signal is used for the receiver to acquire precoding information, and includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal. The receiver may also estimate a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver based on the first reference signal to obtain precoding information. Optionally, the first excitation signal includes excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are mutually orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 10, the exciter 1000 includes at least a transmitting module 1010 and a receiving module 1020. The transmitting module 1010 is configured to transmit a first excitation signal, the first excitation signal being configured to provide energy and an information carrier for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver, the first reference signal being configured to obtain precoding information from the receiver; the receiving module 1020, configured to receive the precoding information from the receiver; the transmitting module 1010 is further configured to transmit a second excitation signal, the second excitation signal comprising the pre-coded information modulated signal, the second excitation signal being configured to provide energy and an information carrier for reflecting a data signal towards the receiver to a reflector.

Optionally, the precoding information may be premodulation information sent by each antenna port of the exciter, or precoding information sent by each antenna port of the exciter, or phase difference and/or amplitude difference information between signals sent by each antenna port of the exciter. Optionally, the first reference signal may be system predefined or configured by the actuator.

Optionally, the second excitation signal may also be determined according to second reference signals corresponding to a plurality of antenna ports, where the second reference signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are the same reference signal.

Optionally, the signal modulated by the precoding information includes a signal modulated by the precoding information in any one of the following modulation modes: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

Optionally, the first reference signal is used for the receiver to acquire precoding information, and includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal. The receiver may also estimate a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver based on the first reference signal to obtain precoding information.

Optionally, the first excitation signal includes excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports, and the excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports are mutually orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a reflector according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 11, the reflector 1100 may include a first receiving module 1110, a first reflecting module 1120, a second receiving module 1130, and a second reflecting module 1140. The first receiving module 1110 is configured to receive a first excitation signal transmitted by an exciter, where the first excitation signal is used to provide energy and an information carrier for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver to the reflector; the first reflection module 1120 is configured to, in a process of transmitting a first excitation signal by an exciter, reflect a first reference signal to a receiver according to the first excitation signal, where the first reference signal is used by the receiver to obtain precoding information; the second receiving module 1130, configured to receive a second driving signal sent by the driver, where the second driving signal is used to provide the energy and the information carrier for reflecting the data signal to the receiver to the reflector; the second reflection module 1140 is configured to, during the process of sending a second excitation signal by the exciter, reflect a data signal to the receiver according to the second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal includes the signal modulated by the precoding information.

Optionally, the first reference signal may be system predefined or exciter configured.

Optionally, during the process of transmitting the second excitation signal by the exciter, the reflector reflects the data signal and/or the second reference signal, and the second excitation signal is an excitation signal generated based on the precoding information.

Optionally, the second excitation signal may also be determined according to a second reference signal corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports, where the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports are the same reference signal.

The second reflection module is configured to reflect a data signal and/or a third reference signal during a process in which the exciter transmits a second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal includes a signal modulated by the precoding information, and a modulation manner may be any one of QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.

Optionally, the first reference signal is used for a receiver to acquire precoding information, and includes: the receiver estimates a concatenated channel between the exciter-reflector-receiver to obtain precoding information based on the first reference signal. The receiver may also estimate a channel between the exciter and the reflector and a channel between the reflector and the receiver based on the first reference signal to obtain precoding information.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A reflective communication method, comprising:

an exciter transmits a first excitation signal for providing energy and an information carrier to a reflector for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver, the first reference signal being used for the receiver to acquire precoding information;

the exciter receives the precoding information;

the exciter transmits a second excitation signal comprising the pre-coding information modulated signal, the second excitation signal being for providing the energy and information carrier for reflecting the data signal towards the receiver to the reflector.
The method of claim 1, wherein the second excitation signal is determined based on a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports being a same reference signal.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the signal modulated by the precoding information comprises a signal modulated by the precoding information according to any one of the following modulation schemes:

quadrature phase shift keying QPSK, 16 quadrature amplitude modulation QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.
The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein the first excitation signal comprises excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports that are mutually orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.
A reflective communication method, comprising:

the reflector receives a first excitation signal transmitted by the exciter, the first excitation signal being used to supply energy and the information carrier to the reflector for reflecting the first reference signal to the receiver;

according to the first excitation signal, the reflector reflects the first reference signal to the receiver, and the first reference signal is used for the receiver to acquire precoding information;

the reflector receives a second excitation signal transmitted by the exciter, the second excitation signal being used for providing energy and an information carrier for reflecting the data signal to the receiver to the reflector;

the reflector reflects a data signal to the receiver according to the second excitation signal, which includes the signal modulated by the precoding information.
The method of claim 5, wherein the second excitation signal is determined based on a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports being a same reference signal.
The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the signal modulated by the precoding information comprises a signal modulated by the precoding information according to any one of the following modulation schemes:

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.
The method of any of claims 5-7, wherein the first excitation signal comprises excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports that are mutually orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.
A method of reflective communication, comprising:

the receiver receives a first reference signal reflected by the reflector according to the first excitation signal;

the receiver acquires precoding information according to the first reference signal;

the receiver sends the precoding information to the exciter;

the receiver receives a data signal reflected by the reflector according to a second excitation signal, wherein the second excitation signal comprises a signal modulated by the precoding information.
The method of claim 9, wherein the second excitation signal is determined based on a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports being a same reference signal.
The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the signal modulated by the precoding information comprises a signal modulated by the precoding information with any one of the following modulation schemes:

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.
The method of any of claims 9-11, wherein the first excitation signal comprises excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports that are mutually orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.
An actuator, comprising:

a transmitting module, configured to transmit a first excitation signal, where the first excitation signal is configured to provide energy and an information carrier for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver to the reflector, and the first reference signal is used for the receiver to obtain precoding information;

a receiving module for receiving the precoding information from the receiver;

the transmitting module is further configured to transmit a second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal includes the signal modulated with the precoding information, and the second excitation signal is configured to provide the energy and the information carrier for reflecting the data signal to the receiver to the reflector.
The exciter of claim 13, wherein the second excitation signal is determined from a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports being the same reference signal.
The exciter according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the signal modulated by the precoding information comprises a signal modulated by the precoding information according to any one of the following modulation schemes:

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.
The exciter of any of claims 13-15, wherein the first excitation signal comprises excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports that are mutually orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.
A reflector, comprising:

a first receiving module, configured to receive a first excitation signal sent by an exciter, where the first excitation signal is used to provide energy and an information carrier for reflecting a first reference signal to a receiver to the reflector;

a first reflection module, configured to reflect the first reference signal to the receiver according to the first excitation signal, where the first reference signal is used by the receiver to obtain precoding information;

a second receiving module, configured to receive a second excitation signal sent by the exciter, where the second excitation signal is used to provide energy and an information carrier for reflecting a data signal to the receiver to the reflector;

and a second reflection module, configured to reflect a data signal to the receiver according to the second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal includes a signal modulated by the precoding information.
The reflectron of claim 17, in which the second excitation signal is determined from a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports being a same reference signal.
The reflectron of claim 17 or 18, wherein the signal modulated by the precoding information comprises a signal modulated by the precoding information in any one of the following modulation schemes:

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.
The reflectron of any one of claims 17-19, in which the first excitation signal comprises excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports that are mutually orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal.
A receiver, comprising:

the receiving module is used for receiving a first reference signal reflected by the reflector according to the first excitation signal;

the processing module is used for acquiring precoding information according to the first reference signal;

a sending module, configured to send the precoding information to the exciter;

the receiving module is further configured to receive a data signal reflected by the reflector according to a second excitation signal, where the second excitation signal includes a signal modulated by the precoding information.
The receiver of claim 21, wherein the second excitation signal is determined from a second reference signal corresponding to each of a plurality of antenna ports, the second reference signals corresponding to each of the plurality of antenna ports being a same reference signal.
The receiver according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the signal modulated by the precoding information comprises a signal modulated by the precoding information according to any one of the following modulation schemes:

QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024 QAM.
The receiver of any of claims 21-23, wherein the first excitation signal comprises excitation signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna ports that are orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal to each other.