CN114726268B - Generator configuration method - Google Patents

Generator configuration method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114726268B
CN114726268B CN202210556112.XA CN202210556112A CN114726268B CN 114726268 B CN114726268 B CN 114726268B CN 202210556112 A CN202210556112 A CN 202210556112A CN 114726268 B CN114726268 B CN 114726268B
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generator
ripple
voltage
phase number
configuration phase
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CN114726268A (en
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张彩辉
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Shenzhen Zhian New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shenzhen Zhian New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/02—Details of the control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
    • H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/16—Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a generator configuration method, wherein a generator comprises a multiphase motor, a rectifier module and a generator output end which are sequentially connected, and the generator configuration method comprises the following steps: s1, setting the output voltage of the generator and setting the ripple voltage of the output voltage; s2, determining a set ripple ratio of the generator based on the output voltage and the set ripple voltage; and S3, determining the set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor based on the set ripple ratio. The generator configuration method can firstly determine the set ripple ratio through the set output voltage and the set ripple voltage of the set output voltage, and then determine the reasonable set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor through the set ripple ratio.

Description

Generator configuration method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of generators, in particular to a generator configuration method.
Background
The working principle of the generator is as follows: through the rotation of the motor rotor, the magnetic flux of the coil on the stator can be changed periodically, and according to the Faraday electromagnetic induction phenomenon, the coil can induce a voltage which is changed correspondingly, namely, an alternating current is generated. The stator is the stationary part of the machine, usually the generating coil. The rotor is the rotating part of the machine, usually a permanent magnet or a field coil. The main function of the rotor is to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the main function of the stator is to be cut by magnetic lines of force in the rotating magnetic field to generate (output) induced voltage.
The generator in the prior art is generally a single-phase motor or a three-phase motor (fig. 2 shows a three-phase motor), the ripple voltage of the output direct current voltage or alternating current voltage is large, and when the effective value of the output voltage meets the requirement of the battery cell, the maximum value of the output voltage seriously exceeds the specification of the battery cell, and the battery cell is damaged. The ripple voltage is the difference between the peak and the trough of the output voltage. Therefore, the generator in the prior art cannot be directly used for charging the battery, and an external direct current charger or an alternating current charger is generally used for charging the battery. For example, fig. 1, which is a combination charging method of a conventional alternator and an ac charger. The motor rotates to generate alternating voltage, the alternating voltage is changed into high-voltage direct current voltage through the rectifier module, then 110 Vac-220 Vac or 380Vac alternating current is generated through the inverter module, and then an external alternating current charger charges the battery.
The above technical problem can be solved by setting the motor of the generator to be a multi-phase motor larger than three phases. In practical application, the output voltages required by different battery cells are different from the ripple voltages of the output voltages. The more the number n of windings of the multi-phase motor is, the smaller the output ripple voltage is, but the difficulty of processing and winding increases accordingly. Therefore, the problem exists that how to select the number n of the windings enables the generator to select the minimum number n of the windings on the premise of meeting the parameters of the battery core, so that the processing difficulty and the winding difficulty are reduced to the minimum.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a generator configuration method to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a generator configuration method, which aims to solve the technical problem of how to determine the reasonable configuration phase number of a multi-phase motor on the premise that a generator meets the ripple voltage of output voltage and output voltage.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a generator configuration method is characterized in that a generator comprises a multiphase motor, a rectifier module and a generator output end which are sequentially connected, and the generator configuration method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the output voltage of the generator and setting the ripple voltage of the output voltage;
s2, determining a set ripple ratio of the generator based on the output voltage and the set ripple voltage; and the number of the first and second groups,
and S3, determining the set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor based on the set ripple ratio.
In the generator configuration method of the present invention, the step S2 is to determine the set ripple ratio of the generator according to the following formula:
Va*2 1/2 *E＝Vpp；
wherein Va is the output voltage, vpp is the set ripple voltage, and E is the set ripple ratio.
In the generator configuration method according to the present invention, in step S3, the number of configuration phases to be set for the multiphase motor is determined according to the following formula:
E＝1-sin(90°-180°/N)；
and E is the set ripple ratio, and N is the set configuration phase number.
In the generator configuration method according to the present invention, the generator configuration method further includes the steps of:
s4, acquiring the maximum configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor; and the number of the first and second groups,
s5, comparing the maximum configuration phase number with the set configuration phase number; if the maximum configuration phase number is larger than or equal to the set configuration phase number, setting the actual configuration phase number of the generator according to the set configuration phase number; and if the maximum configuration phase number is less than the set configuration phase number, setting the actual configuration phase number of the generator by the maximum configuration phase number.
In the generator arranging method of the invention, the multi-phase motor comprises a stator arranged outside the multi-phase motor and a rotor arranged inside the multi-phase motor; the inside of stator evenly is provided with a plurality of windings, and is a plurality of the winding encloses into rotating space, the rotor sets up in rotating space, step S4 includes following step:
s41, obtaining the width of the winding;
s42, acquiring the minimum distance between the ends, close to the rotor, of the adjacent windings;
s43, acquiring the section diameter of the rotating space;
s44, acquiring the maximum configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor through the following formula;
M＝Π*D/(W+H)；
wherein M is the maximum configuration phase number, D is the cross-sectional diameter of the rotation space, W is the width of the windings, and H is the minimum distance between the windings.
In the generator arranging method according to the present invention, in step S41, the output power of the generator is set, and the width of the winding is determined based on the output power and the output voltage.
In the generator configuration method of the present invention, if the actual configuration phase number is set as the maximum configuration phase number, the generator further includes a filtering module connected between the rectifying module and the generator output end; the step S5 is followed by the following steps:
s6, determining a middle ripple ratio of the generator based on the actual configuration phase number and the output voltage;
s7, determining the intermediate ripple voltage output by the rectifying module based on the intermediate ripple proportion;
and S8, determining a parameter value of the filtering module based on the intermediate ripple voltage and the set ripple voltage.
In the method for configuring a generator according to the present invention, the filtering module is an LC filtering circuit, and step S8 includes the steps of:
s81, setting the frequency of the generator;
s82, determining the parameter value of the filtering module through the following formula:
Vpp＝Vp/(1+8*f 2 *L*C)；
wherein Vpp is the set ripple voltage, vp is the intermediate ripple voltage, f is the frequency of the generator, L is the inductance value of the filtering module, and C is the capacitance value of the filtering module.
In the generator configuration method according to the present invention, in step S82, the inductance value of the filter module is set to 0.5uH-1uH.
In the generator configuration method of the present invention, step S6 is to determine a middle ripple ratio of the generator according to the following formula:
F＝1-sin(90°-180°/M)；
wherein, F is the intermediate ripple ratio, and M is the actual configuration phase number;
in the step S7, the intermediate ripple voltage output by the rectifier module is determined according to the following formula:
Va*2 1/2 *F＝Vp；
wherein Va is the output voltage, F is the intermediate ripple ratio, vp is the intermediate ripple voltage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the generator configuration method, the set ripple ratio can be determined through the set output voltage and the set ripple voltage of the set output voltage, and then the reasonable set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor can be determined through the set ripple ratio.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and the drawings in the following description are only corresponding to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a combined charging of an alternator and an ac charger in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase motor in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a rectifier module of the generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a multiphase motor of a generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the multi-path ac voltage before rectification in the generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a rectified voltage waveform of the generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of a filter module of a generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a generator configuration method of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the generator configuration method of the present invention.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the labels of fig. 3, 4 and 5 are as follows:
100. a battery pack having a plurality of batteries,
11. a multi-phase motor is provided with a plurality of phases,
111. a stator, a plurality of stator coils and a plurality of stator coils,
1111. winding 1112, yoke 1113, tooth,
112. the rotor is provided with a plurality of rotor blades,
12. a rectifying module 121, a unidirectional conducting device,
13. the output end of the generator is connected with the power supply,
131. a positive output terminal, 132, a negative output terminal,
14. a control module for controlling the operation of the motor,
15. and (4) switching.
The labels of FIG. 8 are as follows:
21. a multi-phase motor is provided with a plurality of phases,
22. a rectifying module for rectifying the voltage of the power supply,
23. the output end of the generator is connected with the power supply,
24. and a filtering module.
In the drawings, elements having similar structures are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The directional terms used in the present invention, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "side", "top" and "bottom", refer to the orientation of the drawings, and are used for illustration and understanding, but not for limiting the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the terms of the invention are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or any order limitation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The generator in the prior art is generally a single-phase motor or a three-phase motor, the ripple voltage of the output direct-current voltage or alternating-current voltage is large, and when the effective value of the output voltage meets the requirement of the battery cell, the maximum value of the output voltage seriously exceeds the specification of the battery cell, and the battery cell can be damaged.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention for a low ripple output voltage generator is as follows.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, a first embodiment of a generator with low ripple output voltage is provided for charging a battery 100 according to the present invention. The generator comprises a multiphase motor 11, a rectifier module 12 and a generator output 13. The multiphase motor 11 is used to generate multiple ac voltages. The rectifying module 12 is configured to perform a rectifying operation on the multiple ac voltages to generate corresponding dc low ripple voltages. The generator output terminal 13 is used for outputting a dc low ripple voltage, and the generator output terminal 13 includes a positive output terminal 131 and a negative output terminal 132.
The multiphase motor 11 includes a stator 111 disposed outside the multiphase motor 11 and a rotor 112 disposed inside the multiphase motor 11. The inside of the stator 111 is uniformly provided with n windings 1111, and the coils of the n windings 1111 are connected in parallel, wherein n is a positive integer greater than 3. The rotor 112 includes N and S magnetic poles arranged symmetrically. Illustrated in fig. 5 is the case where n is six, i.e. the polyphase motor 11 comprises six windings.
The rectifying module 12 includes a plurality of unidirectional conducting devices 121, where the unidirectional conducting devices 121 correspond to the windings 1111 one to one. One end of each of the coils of the n windings 1111 is connected to the negative output terminal 132, and the other end of each of the coils of the n windings 1111 is connected to the positive output terminal 131 through the unidirectional conducting device 121. In fig. 4, six unidirectional conducting devices 121 are illustrated.
Taking a six-phase motor as an example, fig. 6 shows six ac voltages induced by the six-phase motor, the six ac voltages are rectified by the rectifying module to become waveforms shown in fig. 7, and the rectified six ac voltages are superimposed to become a dc output voltage with a smaller waveform (not shown in the figure). The ripple voltage is the difference between the peak and the trough of the varying dc output voltage. The ripple ratio represents the stability index of the rectified dc output voltage, and is the ratio of the ripple voltage to the output voltage. When the output voltage is a fixed value, the ripple voltage is smaller, the ripple proportion is smaller, and the more stable the direct-current output voltage is. Taking a sine wave as an example, the ripple ratio corresponding to different phases in the above structure is shown below, and it can be seen that the ripple ratio is smaller as the number of phases is larger.
Number of phases 3 phase (C) 4 phase of Phase 5 6 phases of 7 phase 9 phase 11 phase (C) 13 phase (C) 14 phase
Ripple ratio 0.5 0.293 0.191 0.134 0.101 0.060 0.044 0.030 0.026
The generator with low ripple output voltage of the present invention is configured by setting the multi-phase motor 11 as n windings 1111, where n is a positive integer greater than 3, so that the multi-phase motor 11 outputs a plurality of ac voltages (as shown in fig. 6, 6 ac voltages) with a small phase difference, and then the ac voltages are connected in parallel by the coils of the n windings 1111, one end of each of the coils of the n windings 1111 is connected to the negative output end 132, and the other end of each of the coils of the n windings 1111 is connected to the positive output end 131 through the one-way conduction device 121, because of the phase difference, voltage complementation can be performed between the windings 1111, so that the lowest voltage is raised, thereby reducing the difference between the lowest voltage and the highest voltage, further reducing the ripple, and after rectification, the dc output voltage capable of directly charging the battery 100 can be output, and the dc low voltage can be generated (as shown in fig. 7, the waveform after rectification of the 6 ac voltages). The generator with low ripple output voltage of the invention can directly charge the battery 100 without an external direct current charger or an alternating current charger.
Referring to fig. 5, n can be set to 4-8, i.e. the number of windings is set to 4-8, which is illustrated as 6. The structure can output direct current low ripple voltage meeting general requirements and is convenient for winding coils.
Referring to fig. 5, the stator 111 includes a yoke 1112 and a tooth 1113, and the yoke 1112 has a cylindrical structure with two open ends. Typically, the space to accommodate the multiphase motor 11 is limited. The yoke 1112 has an outer diameter of 150mm to 300mm and the yoke 1112 has an inner diameter of 100mm to 250mm. The tooth portion 1113 protrudes from the inner sidewall of the yoke 1112 in the radial direction of the yoke 1112. The width of the tooth 1113 is 10mm to 20mm. The length of the tooth part 1113 is 15mm-30mm, and the length of the tooth part 1113 is the dimension of the tooth part 1113 extending towards the rotor 112. The height of the tooth portion 1113 is 10mm to 20mm, and the height of the tooth portion 1113 is the dimension of the tooth portion 1113 extending in the axial direction of the yoke portion 1112. The plurality of tooth portions 1113 are centrosymmetric, and each tooth portion 1113 is wound with a coil of the same length to form a winding 1111. This structure can effectively utilize the inside space of yoke portion 1112, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing to hold certain size rotor 112, makes tooth 1113's size maximize, can twine longer coil to satisfy great output voltage's demand.
With continued reference to fig. 5, the surface of the tooth portion 1113 facing the rotor 112 is configured as a concave circular arc surface, and the surface of the rotor 112 facing the tooth portion 1113 is configured as a convex circular arc surface. The structure can effectively utilize limited space to meet the condition that the required output voltage and output power are large.
Referring to fig. 4, the unidirectional conducting device 121 is a fast recovery diode. Because the reverse voltage-withstanding performance of the fast recovery diode is high, the reverse recovery time is short, and when the output voltage is high, the fast recovery diode is not easy to damage, and the circuit can be effectively protected.
Referring to fig. 3, the generator further includes a control module 14, which is connected to the multiphase motor 11, the rectifier module 12 and the battery 100, and the control module 14 reads the charging state of the battery 100, so as to dynamically adjust the output voltage and the output current of the multiphase motor 11 and the rectifier module 12.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the generator further includes a switch 15 connected between the rectifier module 12 and the generator output 13, and the control module 14 controls a state of the switch 15 according to a state of the battery 100.
In the above structure, the control module 14 includes an MCU, the MCU sets the output voltage of the generator by reading the state of the battery 100 to be charged and then sending an instruction to the generator voltage regulation control unit, and after the generator is set, the MCU turns on the switch 15, and at this time, the generator charges the battery normally. When the MCU detects an abnormality (e.g., over-temperature of the generator, over-temperature of the battery, etc.) or the battery is fully charged, the switch 15 is turned off to disconnect the generator from the battery 100. The output power of the generator is adjusted according to the battery state, and the generator can be adjusted to be in a standby state in the scene that no battery is inserted or the battery is fully charged, so that the fuel consumption is further reduced.
The switch 15 is configured as a MOS switch or a relay switch. The MOS tube has low loss and better temperature control characteristics (heat conduction and heat generation), a small driving signal can control a large power circuit, and the use is convenient. The relay has high sensitivity, small control power and good electromagnetic compatibility.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a second embodiment of a generator with low ripple output voltage is provided. The generator of the present embodiment includes a multiphase motor 21, a rectification module 22, and a generator output 23, and unlike the generator of the first embodiment, the generator of the present embodiment further includes a filtering module 24 connected between the rectification module 22 and the generator output 23. When the ripple of the required output voltage is smaller, the filtering module 24 may further reduce the ripple of the dc low ripple voltage output by the rectifying module 22 to meet the higher requirement.
The filter module 24 is an LC type filter circuit or a Π type filter circuit. In fig. 9, an LC type filter circuit is illustrated. Both circuits can output voltage with low ripple factor.
The more the number n of windings of the multi-phase motor is, the smaller the output ripple voltage is, but the difficulty of processing and winding increases accordingly. Therefore, the problem exists in how to select the number n of windings, so that the minimum number n of windings is selected on the premise that the generator meets the required ripple voltage, and the processing difficulty and the winding difficulty are reduced to the minimum.
The following is a preferred embodiment of a generator configuration method according to the present invention that solves the above technical problems.
Referring to fig. 10, a first embodiment of a generator configuration method according to the present invention is shown. When the space for accommodating the multiphase motor 11 is not limited, the generator adopts the structure of fig. 3. The generator comprises a multiphase motor 11, a rectification module 12 and a generator output end 13 which are connected in sequence, and the generator configuration method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the output voltage of a generator and setting the ripple voltage of the output voltage;
s2, determining a set ripple ratio of the generator based on the output voltage and the set ripple voltage; and the number of the first and second groups,
and S3, determining the set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor 11 based on the set ripple ratio.
The output voltage refers to a direct current voltage which is finally output by the generator to drive a load, such as a voltage between the positive output terminal 131 and the negative output terminal 132 in fig. 3. The set ripple voltage is the difference between the peak and the trough of the output voltage. The ripple ratio is set by setting the ratio of the ripple voltage to the output voltage. The set configuration phase number is an ideal phase number of the multi-phase motor when the output voltage and the set ripple voltage are satisfied and the space limitation is not considered. The output voltage is generally determined according to the battery capacity and the charging time. The set ripple voltage can be obtained by subtracting the output voltage value from the maximum value which can be borne by the battery core.
According to the generator configuration method, the set ripple proportion can be determined through the set output voltage and the set ripple voltage of the set output voltage, and then the set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor is determined through the set ripple proportion, so that the ripple voltage output by the generator meets the requirement, and the battery can be directly charged.
Step S2 is that the set ripple ratio of the generator is determined according to the following formula:
Va*2 1/2 *E＝Vpp；
where Va is the output voltage, vpp is the set ripple voltage, and E is the set ripple ratio. The method can accurately calculate the set ripple ratio of the generator.
Step S3 is that the set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor is determined according to the following formula:
E＝1-sin(90°-180°/N)；
wherein E is the set ripple ratio, and N is the set configuration phase number. The method can accurately calculate the set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor.
Generally, the space for accommodating the multi-phase motor is limited, the multi-phase motor cannot be enlarged without limitation, and the number of configured phases of the multi-phase motor cannot be set too much.
Referring to fig. 11, a second embodiment of a generator configuration method according to the present invention is shown. The generator arranging method of the present embodiment is different from the generator arranging method of the first embodiment in that the generator arranging method of the present embodiment includes, in addition to step S1, step S2, and step S3 of the first embodiment, the steps of:
s4, acquiring the maximum configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor; and (c) a second step of,
s5, comparing the maximum configuration phase number with the set configuration phase number; if the maximum configuration phase number is larger than or equal to the set configuration phase number, setting the actual configuration phase number of the generator according to the set configuration phase number; and if the maximum configuration phase number is smaller than the set configuration phase number, setting the actual configuration phase number of the generator by using the maximum configuration phase number. The maximum number of configured phases is the maximum number of phases which can be set by the multi-phase motor by comprehensively considering the internal and external spaces of the multi-phase motor and the winding process.
Referring to fig. 5, the multi-phase motor 11 includes a stator 111 disposed outside the multi-phase motor 11 and a rotor 112 disposed inside the multi-phase motor 11. The plurality of windings 1111 are uniformly arranged inside the stator 111, the plurality of windings 1111 surround the rotating space 113, the rotor 112 is arranged in the rotating space 113, and the step S4 includes the following steps:
s41: obtaining the width of the winding 1111 (the width of the winding 1111 is the total width of the teeth 1113 after winding the coil);
s42: obtaining the minimum spacing between the ends of adjacent windings 1111 near the rotor 112;
s43: acquiring the section diameter of the rotating space 113;
s44: acquiring the maximum number of configured phases of the multi-phase motor 11 by the following formula;
M＝Π*D/(W+H)；
wherein pi is 3.14, m is the maximum number of phases configured, D is the diameter of the cross section of the rotation space, W is the width of the windings 1111, and H is the minimum distance between the windings 1111. The method can simply and accurately calculate the maximum configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor 11.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, D is the cross-sectional diameter of the rotation space, W is the width of the windings, and H is the minimum spacing between the windings.
In step S41, the output power of the generator is set, and the width of the winding 1111 is determined based on the output power and the output voltage. The method can simply and accurately calculate the width of the winding 1111, wherein the number of turns of the coil is required to be more when the output voltage is higher, and the diameter of the coil is required to be larger when the output power is higher.
The actual number of phases configured is set at the maximum number of phases configured as in step S5, and the generator is as shown in fig. 8. The generator further comprises a filtering module 24 connected between the rectifying module 22 and the generator output 23. The following steps are also included after the step S5:
s6, determining the intermediate ripple ratio of the generator based on the actual configuration phase number and the output voltage;
s7, determining the intermediate ripple voltage output by the rectifying module 12 based on the intermediate ripple proportion;
and S8, determining a parameter value of the filtering module 16 based on the intermediate ripple voltage and the set ripple voltage.
As shown in fig. 8, the rectifying module 22 rectifies the multi-path ac voltage and outputs a fluctuating intermediate dc voltage, where the intermediate ripple voltage is a difference between a peak and a trough of the intermediate dc voltage. The intermediate ripple ratio is a ratio of the intermediate ripple voltage to the intermediate dc voltage. The parameter values of the intermediate ripple voltage filtering module are the parameters of the capacitor and the inductor in the filtering module.
The filtering module 16 is an LC filtering circuit, and the step S8 includes the following steps:
s81, setting the frequency of the generator;
s82, determining the parameter value of the filtering module 16 by the following formula:
Vpp＝Vp/(1+8*f 2 *L*C)；
wherein Vpp is a set ripple voltage, vp is a middle ripple voltage, f is a frequency of the generator, L is an inductance value of the filter module 16, and C is a capacitance value of the filter module 16. The frequency, inductance or capacitance of the generator can be adjusted to meet the parameters of the circuit.
In step S82, the inductance of the filter module 16 is set to 0.5uH-1uH. In a power application scenario, the inductance is low in a limited volume because the inductance requires too much current.
Step S6, determining the intermediate ripple ratio of the generator according to the following formula:
F＝1-sin(90°-180°/M)；
wherein, F is the intermediate ripple ratio, and M is the actual configuration phase number.
In step S7, the intermediate ripple voltage output by the rectifier module 12 is determined according to the following formula:
Va*2 1/2 *F＝Vp；
wherein Va is the output voltage, F is the middle ripple proportion, and Vp is the middle ripple voltage.
Example 1:
1. setting the output voltage of the generator to be 80V, and setting the ripple voltage of the output voltage to be 2.4V;
2. according to formula Va × 2 1/2 * E = Vpp, the output voltage Va is 80V, and the ripple voltage Vpp is set to 2.4V, and then the ripple ratio E is set to 0.021;
3. according to a formula E =1-sin (90-180 DEG/N) and a ripple ratio E of 0.021, calculating a set configuration phase number N of 15 phases;
4. calculating the width of the winding to be 30mm according to the output power and the output voltage;
5. the minimum spacing between the ends of adjacent windings near the rotor (i.e., the winding ends) is 10mm, and a size smaller than this size will not allow a coil to be wound;
6. according to the formula M = Π × D/(W + H), Π =3.14, the diameter D of the cross section of the rotating space is 250mm, the width W of the windings is 30mm, the minimum distance H between one ends (namely winding tail ends) of the adjacent windings, which are close to the rotor, is 10mm, and the maximum configuration phase number M of the multi-phase motor is calculated to be 19;
7. the maximum number of the configured phases M of the multi-phase motor is 19 groups which are larger than the set number of the configured phases N of the multi-phase motor is 15, and the actual number of the configured phases of the generator can be set to be 15.
Example 2:
1. setting the output voltage of the generator to be 80V, and setting the ripple voltage of the output voltage to be 2.4V;
2. according to formula Va × 2 1/2 * E = Vpp, the output voltage Va is 80V, and the ripple voltage Vpp is set to 2.4V, and then the ripple ratio E is set to 0.021;
3. according to the formula E =1-sin (90-180 °/N), the ripple ratio E is 0.021, and the number N of the set configuration phases is 15 phases;
4. assuming that the maximum configuration phase number M of the multiphase motor is obtained as 12 groups, the maximum configuration phase number 12 of the multiphase motor is smaller than the set configuration phase number 15, and the actual configuration phase number of the generator may be set to 12;
5. according to a formula F =1-sin (90-180 °/M), the actual configuration phase number M of the generator is 12, and the intermediate ripple ratio F is calculated to be 0.034;
6. according to formula Va × 2 1/2 * F = Vp, the intermediate ripple ratio F is 0.034, the output voltage Va is 80V, and the intermediate ripple voltage Vp is calculated to be 3.8V;
7. according to the formula Vpp = Vp/(1 +8 f) 2 * L C), the frequency f of the generator is 1000Hz, the ripple voltage Vpp is set to 2.4V, the intermediate ripple voltage Vp is set to 3.8V, and L C =7.3 x 10 is calculated -8 In a power application scenario, because the inductance needs too large current, the inductance is low in a limited volume, generally about 0.5uH, where L =1 is takenuH＝1*10 -6 H, thus capacitance C =73000uF. When the actual configuration phase number M of the generator is 12 phases, an LC filter circuit is added, L is 1uH, and the capacitance is 73000uF, so that the output ripple voltage can be reduced to 2.4V, and the design requirement is met.
The generator with low ripple output voltage has the advantages that the multi-phase motor is provided with n windings, wherein n is a positive integer larger than 3, so that the multi-phase motor outputs multi-path alternating current voltage with small phase difference, the multi-path alternating current voltage is connected in parallel through the coils of the n windings, one ends of the coils of the n windings are connected with the negative output end, the other ends of the coils of the n windings are respectively connected with the positive output end through one-way conduction devices, voltage complementation can be carried out among the windings due to the phase difference, and direct current low ripple voltage capable of directly charging a battery can be output after rectification. The generator with low ripple output voltage can directly charge the battery without an external direct current charger or an alternating current charger, thereby reducing the cost of equipment using the generator and improving the charging time.
According to the generator configuration method, the set ripple proportion can be determined through the set output voltage and the set ripple voltage of the set output voltage, and then the set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor is determined through the set ripple proportion, so that the ripple voltage output by the generator meets the requirement, and the battery can be directly charged.
In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed in terms of the preferred embodiments, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A generator configuration method is characterized in that a generator comprises a multiphase motor, a rectifier module and a generator output end which are sequentially connected, and the generator configuration method comprises the following steps:
s1, setting the output voltage of the generator and setting the ripple voltage of the output voltage;
s2, determining a set ripple ratio of the generator based on the output voltage and the set ripple voltage; and the number of the first and second groups,
s3, determining the set configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor based on the set ripple ratio;
step S2 is to determine a set ripple ratio of the generator according to the following formula:
Va*2 1/2 *E＝Vpp；
wherein Va is the output voltage, vpp is the set ripple voltage, and E is the set ripple ratio;
step S3 is to determine the number of phases configured in the multi-phase motor according to the following formula:
E＝1-sin(90。-180。/N)；
wherein, E is the set ripple ratio, and N is the set configuration phase number.
2. The generator configuration method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
s4, acquiring the maximum configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor; and the number of the first and second groups,
s5, comparing the maximum configuration phase number with the set configuration phase number; if the maximum configuration phase number is larger than or equal to the set configuration phase number, setting the actual configuration phase number of the generator according to the set configuration phase number; and if the maximum configuration phase number is less than the set configuration phase number, setting the actual configuration phase number of the generator according to the maximum configuration phase number.
3. The generator configuration method according to claim 2, wherein the multiphase motor comprises a stator disposed outside the multiphase motor and a rotor disposed inside the multiphase motor; the inside of stator evenly is provided with a plurality of windings, and is a plurality of the winding encloses into rotating space, the rotor sets up in rotating space, step S4 includes following step:
s41, obtaining the width of the winding;
s42, acquiring the minimum distance between the ends, close to the rotor, of the adjacent windings;
s43, acquiring the section diameter of the rotating space;
s44, acquiring the maximum configuration phase number of the multi-phase motor through the following formula;
M＝Π*D/(W+H)；
wherein M is the maximum configuration phase number, D is the cross-sectional diameter of the rotation space, W is the width of the windings, and H is the minimum distance between the windings.
4. The generator configuration method according to claim 3, wherein the step S41 is to set an output power of the generator and determine the width of the winding based on the output power and the output voltage.
5. The generator configuration method according to claim 2, wherein the generator further comprises a filtering module connected between the rectifying module and the generator output, if the actual configuration phase number is set at the maximum configuration phase number; the step S5 is followed by the following steps:
s6, determining a middle ripple ratio of the generator based on the actual configuration phase number and the output voltage;
s7, determining the intermediate ripple voltage output by the rectifying module based on the intermediate ripple proportion;
and S8, determining a parameter value of the filtering module based on the intermediate ripple voltage and the set ripple voltage.
6. The generator configuration method according to claim 5, wherein the filtering module is an LC filtering circuit, and the step S8 comprises the steps of:
s81, setting the frequency of the generator;
s82, determining the parameter value of the filtering module through the following formula:
Vpp＝Vp/(1+8*f 2 *L*C)；
wherein Vpp is the set ripple voltage, vp is the intermediate ripple voltage, f is the frequency of the generator, L is the inductance value of the filter module, and C is the capacitance value of the filter module.
7. The generator configuration method according to claim 6, wherein in step S82, the inductance value of the filter module is set to 0.5uH-1uH.
8. The generator configuration method according to claim 5, wherein the step S6 is to determine the intermediate ripple ratio of the generator according to the following formula:
F＝1-sin(90。-180。/M)；
wherein, F is the intermediate ripple ratio, and M is the actual configuration phase number;
in the step S7, the intermediate ripple voltage output by the rectifier module is determined according to the following formula:
Va*2 1/2 *F＝Vp；
wherein Va is the output voltage, F is the intermediate ripple ratio, vp is the intermediate ripple voltage.
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