CN114726150B

CN114726150B - High-speed motor based on cooling optimal design

Info

Publication number: CN114726150B
Application number: CN202210644032.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 欧春平
Original assignee: Changzhou Changhua Motor Co ltd
Current assignee: Changzhou Changhua Motor Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-09
Filing date: 2022-06-09
Publication date: 2023-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-09
Also published as: CN114726150A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed motors, in particular to a high-speed motor based on cooling optimization design, which comprises: a stator for generating a rotating magnetic field; the rotor is driven by the rotating magnetic field of the stator to rotate; the motor shell is internally provided with a cavity structure; the stator and the rotor are both arranged in the cavity structure; an air inlet hole is formed in the side face of one end of the motor shell, and an air outlet hole is formed in the center of the end face of the other end of the motor shell; the air guide device is arranged in the motor shell and is arranged at the end part close to the air outlet hole in the motor shell; the air guide device is provided with a plurality of air guide plates distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor; each air deflector extends outwards along the radial direction of the rotor in a curved shape, and the curved direction is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotor, and is used for concentrating the airflow to the center. The invention aims to provide a high-speed motor based on cooling optimization design aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the high-speed motor can obtain better cooling effect, and the production cost of the high-speed motor is reduced.

Description

High-speed motor based on cooling optimal design

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed motors, in particular to a high-speed motor based on cooling optimization design.

Background

The high-speed motor is a novel motor with the rotating speed exceeding 10000r/min, and has higher rotating speed compared with the traditional motor. When the motor is operated, the electric loss and the mechanical loss generate heat, thereby causing the temperature of each part of the motor to rise. For a high-speed motor with higher rotating speed, the temperature rise amplitude is larger, and the overhigh temperature rise may cause the burning of a motor winding, the reduction of the magnetic conductance of a silicon steel sheet, the loss of the magnetism of a permanent magnet and the like, thereby seriously influencing the normal operation of the motor. The provision of a cooling system is therefore essential for high speed motors.

The cooling mode adopted by the existing high-speed motor is as follows: coolant such as freon is filled in the motor casing, and rotor and stator are soaked to freon, pass through freon transmission to the motor casing with the heat that rotor and stator produced, accomplish the heat dissipation in the air in rethread motor casing lateral wall gives off. However, the Freon can only flow in the motor shell as a whole, so that after the heat is absorbed for a period of time, the heat dissipation speed cannot keep up with the heat generation speed, and the heat dissipation effect of the Freon is gradually reduced; meanwhile, the freon is high in price, and the freon can be filled into the motor shell through special equipment, so that the production cost of the high-speed motor is increased.

In view of the above problems, the present designer designs a high-speed motor based on cooling optimization design based on practical experience and professional knowledge that is rich over years in engineering application of such products and with the application of theory, so as to achieve better cooling effect and reduce the production cost of the high-speed motor.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-speed motor based on cooling optimization design aiming at the defects in the prior art, and solves the problems that the cooling effect and the heat dissipation effect are deteriorated along with time and the production cost of the high-speed motor is high due to the adoption of a Freon heat conduction cooling mode in the conventional high-speed motor.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts a technical solution comprising:

the stator, the polyphase source can produce the rotating magnetic field after setting up the winding in its inside;

the rotor is internally provided with a plurality of permanent magnets and can rotate under the driving of the rotating magnetic field of the stator;

the motor shell is internally provided with a cavity structure; the stator and the rotor are both arranged in the cavity structure; an air inlet hole is formed in the side face of one end of the motor shell, and an air outlet hole is formed in the center of the end face of the other end of the motor shell;

the air guide device is fixedly arranged in the motor shell and is arranged at the end part close to the air outlet hole in the motor shell; the air guide device is provided with a plurality of air guide plates distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor; each air deflector extends outwards in a bending shape along the radial direction of the rotor, and the bending direction is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotor, so that the air flow is concentrated towards the center.

Furthermore, the width of the two ends of the air deflector is larger than that of the middle section of the air deflector, and the minimum width position of the air deflector is correspondingly arranged at the outermost edge of the rotor.

Further, the motor shell comprises a front end cover, a rear end cover and a middle shell; the interior of the middle shell is a hollow structure with two through ends; the front end cover and the rear end cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the middle shell and are respectively used for plugging openings at two ends of the hollow structure; the fresh air inlet is arranged on the middle shell, and the air outlet is arranged on the rear end cover.

Further, a bearing seat is arranged on the rear end cover; the air guide device is further provided with an installation lantern ring, and the installation lantern ring is sleeved on the outer side face of the bearing seat; and one end part of each air deflector is connected with the mounting lantern ring.

Furthermore, the inner side surface of the mounting sleeve ring is provided with a convex rib, and the convex rib is in interference fit with the outer side of the bearing seat.

Furthermore, the convex rib is obliquely arranged relative to the central axis of the bearing seat, and one end of the convex rib, which is close to the air outlet, is inclined towards the direction same as the direction of the rotation of the rotor.

Furthermore, a filter is arranged at the air inlet, and a filter screen is arranged between the rear end cover and the air guide device.

Furthermore, a plurality of bayonets are arranged on the circumferential edge of the filter screen; the rear end cover is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks which are clamped with the bayonets.

Furthermore, the fixture block props against one surface, far away from the bending direction, of the bent end of the air deflector.

Further, a plurality of radiating fins distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer side face of the motor shell.

Through the technical scheme of the invention, the following technical effects can be realized:

1. the high-speed motor adopts an air cooling mode to replace a cooling mode of filling Freon in the existing high-speed motor, and guides airflow in the high-speed motor through the air guide device, so that the airflow can spontaneously form airflow circulating inside and outside the motor;

2. because the air guide device is adopted to replace Freon, the air guide device can be of a cheap plastic structure, the high-speed motor can be produced quickly and at low cost through a die, complex equipment for filling Freon is not needed in the production of the motor, and the installation can be completed only by a simple press-fitting tool, so that the material cost and the production cost of the motor can be greatly reduced;

3. in a traditional high-speed motor, if Freon cannot be completely filled in a motor shell or is consumed along with the use of the motor, a certain air area is formed in the motor shell, so that the heat dissipation and cooling effects of the motor are influenced, and meanwhile, noise and severe vibration are generated along with the high-speed rotation of a rotor, so that the normal use of the motor is seriously influenced; the high-speed motor adopts an air cooling mode, and the air guide device is arranged on the motor shell which cannot rotate, so that the air flow in the motor can be smooth, and the noise and the vibration of the motor are reduced;

4. compared with air, the Freon in liquid has larger resistance to the rotor, so that the air cooling form adopted by the motor can reduce the resistance to the rotor in the rotating process to the maximum extent, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor;

5. because the freon in the sealed liquid state is needed, the traditional high-speed motor needs to be provided with a complex sealing structure to avoid freon leakage, the requirements on the processing and the assembly of motor parts are higher, and the high-speed motor adopts an air cooling form, so that the difficulty in the processing and the assembly of parts can be effectively reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed motor based on cooling optimization design in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a high speed electric machine based on cooling optimization design according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a high speed electric machine based on a cooling optimization design in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an air guiding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rear end cap in an embodiment of the present invention;

reference numerals: stator 1, rotor 2, motor casing 3, fresh air inlet 31, exhaust vent 32, front end housing 33, rear end housing 34, middle casing 35, bearing frame 36, fixture block 37, air ducting 4, aviation baffle 41, installation lantern ring 42, protruding muscle 43, filter 5, filter screen 6, bayonet 61.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

A high-speed motor based on a cooling optimization design, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, includes:

the stator 1 is used for winding electric conductors such as copper wires, aluminum wires and the like to form a winding, a plurality of conducting wires are led out to be connected with a multi-phase power supply, and the multi-phase power supply generates a rotating magnetic field after passing through the winding arranged in the multi-phase power supply;

the rotor 2 is internally provided with a plurality of permanent magnets in a special arrangement mode, and the rotating magnetic field of the stator 1 generates force action on the permanent magnets in special arrangement mode and finally drives the whole rotor 2 to rotate;

the more specific structure and driving principle of the stator 1 and the rotor 2 belong to the prior art in the field of permanent magnet synchronous motors, and are not described herein again.

This high-speed motor still includes: the motor shell 3 is internally provided with a cavity structure; the stator 1 and the rotor 2 are both arranged in the cavity structure; a lead wire led out from the stator 1 is led out to the outer side of the motor shell 3; the end part of the rotor 2 also extends to the outer side of the motor shell 3 and is used for installing a rotating body such as a blade; an air inlet hole 31 penetrating through the side wall of the motor casing 3 is further formed in the side face of one end of the motor casing 3, and an air outlet hole 32 penetrating through the end face of the motor casing 3 is further formed in the center of the end face of the other end of the motor casing;

the air guide device 4 is fixedly arranged in the motor shell 3 and is arranged at the end part close to the air outlet 32 in the motor shell 3; the air guide device 4 is provided with a plurality of air guide plates 41 distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 2; the entirety of each wind deflector 41 is perpendicular to the end face of the motor casing 3, and in the extending direction of the wind deflector 41, each wind deflector 41 extends outward in a curved shape along the radial direction of the rotor 2, and the curved direction is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotor 2, so as to concentrate the airflow toward the center.

Specifically, the cooling principle of the high-speed motor is as follows: the rotational speed of high-speed electric motor rotor is greater than ordinary motor far away, consequently at rotor 2 pivoted in-process, will drive the air current at rotor 2 both ends and produce rotatoryly, this motor sets up air ducting 4 only in the one end of rotor 2, aviation baffle 41 can lead to the pivoted air current of this end department, make the air current in the outside to the center assemble, then the atmospheric pressure of center department will increase, thereby flow to the motor casing 3 outside through exhaust vent 32, the atmospheric pressure in the outside can reduce simultaneously, then the gas in the gap between stator 1 and the rotor 2 will flow to this end, the air current of the other end gets into in the gap between stator 1 and the rotor 2, external gas is mended from inlet opening 31 again, the inside and outside flow of final realization gas, the heat of stator 1 and rotor 2 can be taken away along with the gas that flows outside motor casing 3, and can also have cold wind to mend constantly and cool off stator 1 and rotor 2, thereby guarantee the continuous cooling effect of motor. Meanwhile, in the cooling system, the main power for generating rotation by the airflow is driven by the rotor 2, so that the flow velocity of the airflow is not too high, the convergence effect of the air deflector 41 on the airflow is not obvious, and the air pressure difference between the center and the outer side is kept at a smaller level, so that the airflow inside the motor shell 3 can flow more gently, the noise or shake of the motor is effectively avoided, and the normal and stable operation of the motor is guaranteed.

Preferably, the width of the two ends of the air deflector 41 is set to be greater than the width of the middle section of the air deflector 41, and the minimum width of the air deflector is aligned with the outermost edge of the rotor, so that the noise or the vibration of the motor can be further reduced, and the specific principle is as follows: because the rotating air flow is driven by the rotor 2, the linear velocity of the part of the rotor 2 closer to the outer side is larger, and therefore the air flow is driven faster, and the impact of the air flow to the air deflector 41 further towards the outer side is larger, so that the width of the air deflector 41 needs to be set to a shape gradually reduced from the central end to the middle end, thereby ensuring that the impact of the air flow on the central part and the middle part of the air deflector 41 is integrally close, and avoiding the shaking of the air deflector 41 caused by uneven stress. The outermost side of the air deflector 41 should be attached to the inner wall of the motor casing 3, and then the outermost side of the air deflector 41 has reached the end of the stator 1, and the air flow therein is easily affected by the friction of the inner wall of the motor casing 3, and because the stator 1 has no driving capability, the air flow velocity therein is rather reduced to a certain extent, and in order to gather more air toward the center, the air deflector 41 needs to be widened so as to guide more air flows at the outermost side. Meanwhile, if too much gas is gathered at the center and the gas cannot flow out from the air outlet 32, if the widths of the air deflector 41 are kept consistent, the center part with higher air pressure cannot release air pressure to other places, and the gas on the outer side is gathered to the center continuously, so that a larger air pressure difference is generated between the center and the outer side, and the stability of the air flow in the motor housing 3 is influenced; the air deflector 41 in the design has the middle section with smaller width, so that the gas with higher air pressure in the central part can be diffused from the middle section of the air deflector, and the gas gathered at the outer side can be dispersed from the middle section of the air deflector, so that the air pressure difference between the central part and the outer side cannot be overlarge, and the air flow in the motor shell 3 is kept smooth.

In consideration of the convenience of manufacturing and mounting the stator 1 and the rotor 2 of the motor housing 3, the motor housing 3 is preferably designed to be split into a front end cover 33, a rear end cover 34, and a middle housing 35; the middle shell 35 is internally of a hollow structure with two through ends, and the stator 1 can be conveniently plugged in from an opening of the hollow structure; the front end cover 33 and the rear end cover 34 are respectively arranged at two ends of the middle shell 35, are fixedly connected with the middle shell 35 by using screws and bolts and are respectively used for blocking openings at two ends of the hollow structure; the air inlet opening 31 is provided in the middle housing 35 and the air outlet opening 32 is provided in the rear end cover 34. Bearing seats 36 are provided on both the front and rear end covers 33, 34 for receiving bearings fitted over the rotor 2.

With the structure, in order to facilitate the installation of the air guide device 4, the air guide device 4 is provided with the installation sleeve ring 42, one end part of each air guide plate 41 is connected with the installation sleeve ring 42, the installation sleeve ring 42 is sleeved on the outer side surface of the bearing seat 36, the limiting and fixing of all the air guide plates 41 can be realized at one time, the installation sleeve ring 42 can be fixed with the outer side surface of the bearing seat 36 in an interference fit manner, and the installation sleeve ring 42 can be installed on the rear end cover 34 in a screw manner by arranging the installation hole in the side surface of the installation sleeve ring 42; the inner side surface of the mounting lantern ring 42 is preferably provided with the convex rib 43, so that the fastening degree of connection between the mounting lantern ring 42 and the bearing seat 36 can be greatly increased, the convex rib 43 is preferably arranged in an inclined mode relative to the central axis of the bearing seat 36, and one end, close to the air outlet 32, of the convex rib 43 is inclined towards the direction the same as the direction of rotation of the rotor, so that a structure similar to a spiral line can be formed, when the air deflector 41 is blown by air flow and generates a rotation trend in the same direction as the rotor, the inclined convex rib 43 can drive the mounting lantern ring 42 to generate a trend of moving towards the end face of the rear end cover 34, and the fixing effect of the mounting lantern ring 42 on the rear end cover 34 can be better; under the structure, a sliding groove matched with the convex rib 43 can be processed on the outer side surface of the bearing seat 36, so that the convex rib 43 slides in the sliding groove, the convex rib 43 is prevented from sliding on the outer side of the bearing seat 36, the mounting sleeve ring 42 is ensured to generate a moving trend, and the possibility of generating shaking of the air guide device 4 is further reduced.

In order to prevent external impurities from entering the motor casing 3, a filter 5 is preferably disposed at the air inlet hole 31 for filtering impurities in the airflow entering the motor casing 3, and a filter screen 6 is also preferably disposed between the rear end cover 34 and the air guiding device 4 for preventing impurities from entering the motor casing 3 from the air outlet hole 32. The filter 5 can adopt a commercially available filter device and is installed at the air inlet hole 31 through threads; filter screen 6 need carry out the independent design, makes filter screen 6 center cover in the bearing frame 36 outside to filter screen 6 outside pastes with the inside lateral wall of rear end cap 34 mutually, avoids filter screen 6 to produce the shake in the use, and the circumference edge at filter screen 6 is preferred simultaneously sets up a plurality of bayonets 61, and sets up a plurality of fixture blocks 37 on rear end cap 34, and filter screen 6 installation back, fixture block 37 and bayonet 61 looks joint guarantee that filter screen 6 can not produce the rotation.

The fixture block 37 is preferably designed to extend toward the air deflector 41 after being clamped by the clamping opening 61, and abut against one surface of the bent end of the air deflector 41 away from the bending direction, and the end of the air deflector 41 is away from the mounting collar 42, so that the end is most easily blown by air flow to generate shaking, the shaking can be transmitted to the whole motor to influence the normal operation of the motor, and the bent end can be supported by the abutment of the fixture block 37, so that the shaking of the air deflector 41 is avoided.

The preferred a plurality of fin that still are provided with along circumference distribution of 3 lateral surfaces of motor casing, the fin extends along the length direction of motor casing 3, not only can strengthen the structural strength of motor casing 3, can also increase motor casing 3's surface area simultaneously, makes stator 1 and rotor 2 transmit the heat on motor casing 3 and can distribute away fast, further promotes the cooling effect of motor.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A high speed electric machine based on a cooling optimization design, comprising:

the stator, the multiphase power supply can produce the rotating magnetic field after passing the winding set up in its inside;

the motor shell comprises a front end cover, a rear end cover and a middle shell; the inner part of the middle shell is of a hollow structure with two through ends; the front end cover and the rear end cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the middle shell and are respectively used for plugging openings at two ends of the hollow structure; the air inlet hole is formed in the middle shell, and the air outlet hole is formed in the rear end cover; a bearing seat is arranged on the rear end cover;

the air guide device is fixedly arranged in the motor shell and is arranged at the end part close to the air outlet hole in the motor shell; the air guide device is provided with a plurality of air guide plates distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor; each air deflector extends outwards in a curved shape along the radial direction of the rotor, and the curved direction is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotor and is used for concentrating air flow towards the center; the width of two ends of the air deflector is greater than that of the middle section of the air deflector, and the minimum width position of the air deflector is correspondingly arranged at the outermost edge of the rotor;

the air guide device is also provided with an installation lantern ring, and the installation lantern ring is sleeved on the outer side face of the bearing seat; one end parts of all the air deflectors are connected with the mounting lantern ring; the inner side surface of the mounting sleeve ring is provided with a convex rib, and the convex rib is in interference fit with the outer side of the bearing seat; the convex rib is obliquely arranged relative to the central axis of the bearing seat, and one end of the convex rib close to the air outlet is inclined towards the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotor.

2. The cooling-optimization-design-based high-speed motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein a filter is disposed at the air inlet, and a filter screen is disposed between the rear end cap and the air guiding device.

3. The cooling optimization design-based high-speed motor according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of bayonets are arranged on the circumferential edge of the filter screen; the rear end cover is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks, and the clamping blocks are clamped with the bayonets.

4. The cooling-optimized high-speed motor according to claim 3, wherein the latch abuts against a surface of the bent end of the air deflector, the surface being away from the bending direction.

5. The optimally designed high speed electric motor based on cooling of claim 1 wherein said motor casing outer side is provided with a plurality of circumferentially distributed fins.