CN114725696A - Two-dimensional antenna array surface with transition array surface structure and design method - Google Patents
Two-dimensional antenna array surface with transition array surface structure and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114725696A CN114725696A CN202210438671.0A CN202210438671A CN114725696A CN 114725696 A CN114725696 A CN 114725696A CN 202210438671 A CN202210438671 A CN 202210438671A CN 114725696 A CN114725696 A CN 114725696A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-dimensional antenna array surface with a transition array surface structure and a design method, which belong to the field of low-scattering antenna engineering. The invention solves the problem of scattering sources formed by accumulation of induced charges at the installation boundary of the two-dimensional antenna array surface, and the transition array surface structure can form a tapered metalized transition edge according to specific requirements, so that the transition length of induced current in a space domain is prolonged by the inclined edge, the density of the induced charges at the installation edge is reduced, the influence of the installation edge of the two-dimensional antenna array surface on the low scattering performance of the whole antenna aperture is reduced, and the low scattering performance of the two-dimensional antenna array surface is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-scattering antenna engineering, in particular to a two-dimensional antenna array surface with a transition array surface structure and a design method.
Background
The development of platform low scattering technology puts higher and higher requirements on the low scattering performance of the airborne antenna aperture. The adoption of a two-dimensional antenna array plane is an important way to realize aperture low scattering and is also the direction of antenna technology development. The two-dimensional antenna array surface, especially the two-dimensional antenna array surface in a non-planar form, can meet the requirements of pneumatic performance, coverage airspace and low scattering performance, and maximally reduces the scattering of the antenna structure. Although the two-dimensional antenna array surface can be consistent with the appearance of an installation platform, the appearance is only consistent at present, the distribution of induced current excited by an incident field can still be disturbed by the antenna, and induced charge accumulation is formed at the installation boundary of the antenna and the platform to form a scattering source, so that the overall low scattering performance is influenced.
The work of the two-dimensional antenna array in the present stage is mostly focused on antenna directional diagram synthesis and antenna array element design. Antenna array layouts, and in particular array layouts, are of less concern for their impact on the low scattering performance of the antenna array. The two-dimensional antenna array surface installation scheme at the present stage adopts a rectangular installation interface, and the projection of the connection boundary is normal to the range of the machine head, so that stronger reflection is easily formed. In addition, in 2013, in electronic engineering information, "conformal antenna array design based on a certain missile platform" disclosed in university of liberty military project "a two-dimensional antenna array surface of a missile platform is designed according to electrical performance requirements, but the two antenna arrays adopt an array installation form of rectangular projection, and gradual change and transition of edge induced current are not considered, so that induced charge accumulation is formed at the installation boundary of an antenna and the platform to form a scattering source, and the overall low scattering performance is influenced.
In order to give full play to the low scattering performance of the two-dimensional antenna array surface and solve the problem of a scattering source formed by the edge induced charge accumulation of the antenna array surface, the invention provides a solution of a low scattering transition array surface for the two-dimensional antenna array surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a two-dimensional antenna array surface with a transition array surface structure and a design method thereof, and solves the problems provided in the background.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following scheme:
a transition array structure is arranged on the two-dimensional antenna array, and a transition edge is formed by the transition array structure according to specific requirements, so that the transition length of induced current in an airspace is prolonged by the inclined edge of the transition edge, and the density of induced charge on the installation edge is reduced.
Further, the transition edge comprises a tapered metalized transition edge, and the transition front structure comprises a first transition front and a second transition front; the first transition front comprises a first conical transition structure, a second front conical transition structure and an antenna element for constructing the first transition front; the second transition front comprises a third conical transition structure and antenna elements for constructing the second transition front.
Furthermore, the first conical transition structure is triangular in shape, and the second conical transition structure is triangular in shape.
Further, the shape of the third conical transition structure is triangular.
Further, the two-dimensional antenna array comprises a two-dimensional antenna array composed of antenna units in any shapes.
Further, the first transition front is located in the forward direction of the traveling direction of the mounting platform, and the second transition front is located in the backward direction of the traveling direction of the mounting platform.
A design method of a two-dimensional antenna array surface with a transition array surface structure comprises the following steps: and performing bevel edge treatment on the edge of the two-dimensional antenna array surface, and extending the transition length of the induced current in a space through the bevel edge so as to form a transition array surface structure of the two-dimensional antenna array surface.
Further, the oblique angle edge processing forms a tapered transition edge, and the transition front structure comprises a first transition front and a second transition front.
Furthermore, when the outer shape of the first conical transition structure is triangular, two characteristic sizes of B1 and B3 exist, and when the outer shape of the second conical transition structure is triangular, two characteristic sizes of B2 and B3 exist; under the condition that B1 plus B2 is equal to the width of the original two-dimensional antenna array face, B1, B2 and B3 respectively select any numerical value which is larger than or equal to zero according to specific requirements.
Furthermore, when the shape of the third conical transition structure is triangular, three characteristic sizes of A1, A2 and A3 are provided, and under the condition that the sum of A1 and A2 is equal to the width of the original two-dimensional antenna array surface, the values of A1, A2 and A3 are respectively selected to be larger than or equal to zero according to specific needs.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
the embodiment of the invention solves the problem of scattering sources formed by accumulation of induced charges at the installation boundary of the two-dimensional antenna array surface, and the transition array surface structure can form a tapered metalized transition edge according to specific requirements, so that the transition length of induced current in a space domain is prolonged by the inclined edge, the density of the induced charges at the installation edge is reduced, the influence of the installation edge of the two-dimensional antenna array surface on the low scattering performance of the whole antenna aperture is reduced, and the low scattering performance of the two-dimensional antenna array surface is improved.
Compared with the two-dimensional antenna array surface in the traditional form, the low-scattering transition array surface of the two-dimensional antenna array surface provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the low-scattering performance of the antenna array is better on the basis of not influencing the electrical performance of the antenna array.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a conventional two-dimensional antenna array form;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional antenna array form with added transition arrays;
FIG. 3 is a conventional two-dimensional non-planar antenna array form;
FIG. 4 is a non-planar two-dimensional antenna array with a transitional array structure;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of VV polarization tests;
FIG. 6 shows a comparison of the HH polarization test;
FIG. 7 is a planar antenna array with a transition array;
fig. 8 shows a non-planar antenna array after the transition array has been applied.
Detailed Description
All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all methods or process steps implicitly disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
The two-dimensional antenna array surface is arranged on the equipment platform, induced current distribution excited by an incident field is disturbed by the antenna array surface, induced charge accumulation is formed at the edge of the antenna array surface, a scattering source is formed, and the overall low scattering performance is influenced. Aiming at the problems, the embodiment of the invention aims to improve the low scattering performance of the two-dimensional antenna array surface and give full play to the advantages of the two-dimensional antenna array surface in the aspect of low scattering performance on the premise of not influencing the electrical performance of the antenna.
Fig. 1 shows that a conventional two-dimensional antenna array mostly adopts a rectangular array, and in order to solve the problem that the edge of the antenna of the conventional two-dimensional antenna array induces charge accumulation to form a scattering source, in a specific application process, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a low-scattering transition array for a two-dimensional antenna array, wherein the edge of the antenna array is beveled, and the transition length of an induced current in a space is extended by the beveled edge, so as to form a transition array of an antenna array, as shown in fig. 2. The transition array surface structure of the two-dimensional antenna array surface designed by the method comprises the following design elements:
the whole transition array surface structure is divided into a front end transition array surface and a rear end transition array surface, wherein the front end and the rear end of the transition array surface are determined by the advancing direction of the mounting platform, the front end transition array surface is positioned in the forward direction of the advancing direction of the mounting platform, and the rear end transition array surface is positioned in the backward direction of the advancing direction of the mounting platform.
The rear end transition array surface is composed of two components of a rear end conical transition structure and an antenna element for constructing the transition array surface, and the two components are combined to maintain the rectangular outline of the original two-dimensional antenna array surface.
The shape of the rear-end conical transition structure is triangular, three characteristic sizes of A1, A2 and A3 are provided, and under the condition that the A1 plus A2 is equal to the width of the original two-dimensional antenna array surface, the A1, the A2 and the A3 can respectively select any numerical value which is larger than or equal to zero according to specific requirements.
The front-end transition array surface comprises three components, namely a front-end conical transition structure 1, a front-end conical transition structure 2 and an antenna element for constructing the transition array surface, and the three components are combined to maintain the rectangular outline of the original two-dimensional antenna array surface.
The shape of the front-end tapered transition structure 1 is triangular, two characteristic sizes of B1 and B3 exist, the shape of the front-end tapered transition structure 2 is triangular, two characteristic sizes of B2 and B3 exist, and under the condition that B1 plus B2 are equal to the width of an original two-dimensional antenna array face, any numerical value greater than or equal to zero can be selected from B1, B2 and B3 according to specific needs.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a design method of the low-scattering transition array surface for the two-dimensional antenna array surface, which can be applied to the two-dimensional antenna array surface with any shape and is not limited to a planar antenna array, a non-planar antenna array and the like. The design method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to the two-dimensional antenna array surface formed by the antenna units with various systems and arbitrary shapes.
A non-planar antenna array surface formed in the form of a conventional two-dimensional antenna array as shown in fig. 1 is shown in fig. 3, and the projection of the mounting edge of the array surface is rectangular, which may cause the phenomenon of charge accumulation induced by the edge of the array and the mounting platform, and form a scattering source, thereby affecting the scattering performance of the antenna array.
According to the design method of the low scattering transition array surface provided by the embodiment of the invention, a transition array surface structure can be designed for the non-planar antenna array shown in fig. 3 to form the low scattering non-planar two-dimensional antenna array shown in fig. 4, and because the transition array surface prolongs the transition length in an inductive charge space, the scattering performance of the antenna array is superior to that of the traditional non-planar two-dimensional antenna array shown in fig. 2.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a design method of a low-scattering transition array surface for a two-dimensional antenna array surface, aiming at the problem of a scattering source formed by accumulation of induced charges at the installation boundary of the two-dimensional antenna array surface.
Compared with the two-dimensional antenna array surface in the traditional form, the low-scattering transition array surface of the two-dimensional antenna array surface provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the low-scattering performance of the antenna array is better on the basis of not influencing the electrical performance of the antenna array.
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, compared with the conventional two-dimensional antenna array, the non-planar two-dimensional antenna array installed at the leading edge of the wing has a gain of 1dB in the 30 ° check airspace after the transition array is added, the HH polarization has a gain of 5.5dB in the 30 ° check airspace, and the HH polarization has a gain significantly better than that of the VV polarization, mainly because for the non-planar two-dimensional antenna array installed at the leading edge of the wing, the HH polarization induced current is mainly concentrated at the leading edge of the antenna array, and the VV polarization induced current is mainly concentrated above and below the antenna array, so the direction of the HH polarization induced current is exactly consistent with the oblique transition direction of the transition array, and the transition length can be increased better.
Example 1
A transition array surface structure is arranged on the two-dimensional antenna array surface, and a transition edge is formed by the transition array surface structure according to specific requirements, so that the transition length of induced current in a space domain is prolonged by a bevel edge of the transition edge, and the density of induced charges on an installation edge is reduced.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the transition edge comprises a tapered metalized transition edge, and the transition front structure comprises a first transition front and a second transition front; the first transition array surface comprises a first conical transition structure, a second front-end conical transition structure and an antenna element for constructing the first transition array surface, and the combination maintains the rectangular outline of the original two-dimensional antenna array surface; the second transition array surface comprises a third conical transition structure and an antenna element for constructing the second transition array surface, and the combination maintains the rectangular outline of the original two-dimensional antenna array surface.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, the first tapered transition structure has a triangular shape, and the second tapered transition structure has a triangular shape.
Example 4
On the basis of the embodiment 2, the shape of the third conical transition structure is triangular.
Example 5
On the basis of embodiments 1 to 4, the two-dimensional antenna array includes a two-dimensional antenna array composed of antenna elements of arbitrary shapes.
Example 6
On the basis of embodiment 2, the first transition front is located in the forward direction of the traveling direction of the mounting platform, and the second transition front is located in the backward direction of the traveling direction of the mounting platform.
Example 7
A design method of a two-dimensional antenna array surface with a transition array surface structure comprises the following steps: and performing bevel edge treatment on the edge of the two-dimensional antenna array surface, and extending the transition length of the induced current in a space through the bevel edge so as to form a transition array surface structure of the two-dimensional antenna array surface.
Example 8
On the basis of embodiment 7, the beveling edge processing forms a tapered transition edge, and the transition front structure comprises a first transition front and a second transition front.
Example 9
On the basis of embodiment 7, when the outer shape of the first conical transition structure is triangular, two feature sizes of B1 and B3 exist, and when the outer shape of the second conical transition structure is triangular, two feature sizes of B2 and B3 exist; under the condition that B1 plus B2 is equal to the width of the original two-dimensional antenna array face, B1, B2 and B3 respectively select any numerical value which is larger than or equal to zero according to specific needs.
Example 10
In addition to embodiment 7, when the outer shape of the third tapered transition structure is triangular, there are three feature sizes of a1, a2, and A3, and under the condition that a1 plus a2 is equal to the original two-dimensional antenna array surface width, any values of a1, a2, and A3 are respectively selected to be greater than or equal to zero according to specific needs.
Example 11
The embodiment of the invention also provides a low-scattering transition array surface design method for the two-dimensional antenna array surface, aiming at the problem of scattering sources formed by accumulation of induced charges at the installation boundary of the two-dimensional antenna array surface. Fig. 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of a planar antenna array and a non-planar antenna array, respectively, after loading with a transition wavefront.
Other embodiments than the above examples may be devised by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing disclosure, or by adapting and using knowledge or techniques of the relevant art, and features of various embodiments may be interchanged or substituted and such modifications and variations that may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The two-dimensional antenna array surface with the transition array surface structure is characterized in that the transition array surface structure is arranged on the two-dimensional antenna array surface, and the transition edge is formed by the transition array surface structure according to specific requirements, so that the transition length of induced current in a space domain is prolonged by the oblique edge of the transition edge, and the density of induced charge on the installation edge is reduced.
2. The two-dimensional antenna wavefront with a transition wavefront structure of claim 1, wherein the transition edge comprises a tapered metallization transition edge, the transition wavefront structure comprising a first transition wavefront, a second transition wavefront; the first transition front comprises a first conical transition structure, a second front conical transition structure and an antenna element for constructing the first transition front; the second transition front comprises a third conical transition structure and antenna elements for constructing the second transition front.
3. A two-dimensional antenna array with a transition array structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the first conical transition structure has a triangular shape and the second conical transition structure has a triangular shape.
4. A two-dimensional antenna array with a transition array structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the third conical transition structure has a triangular shape.
5. A two-dimensional antenna array with a transition array structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the two-dimensional antenna array comprises a two-dimensional antenna array composed of arbitrary-shaped antenna units.
6. The two-dimensional antenna array with a transition array structure of claim 2, wherein the first transition array is located forward of the direction of travel of the mounting platform and the second transition array is located backward of the direction of travel of the mounting platform.
7. A method for designing a two-dimensional antenna array with a transition array structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) performing beveling edge processing on the edge of the two-dimensional antenna array surface, and prolonging the transition length of the induced current in a space through the beveling edge so as to form a transition array surface structure of the two-dimensional antenna array surface.
8. The method for designing a two-dimensional antenna wavefront with a transition wavefront structure of claim 7, wherein the oblique-angle-edge processing forms a tapered transition edge, and the transition wavefront structure comprises a first transition wavefront and a second transition wavefront.
9. The method for designing a two-dimensional antenna wavefront with a transition wavefront structure of claim 7, wherein the first conical transition structure has two feature sizes B1 and B3 when the outer shape is triangular, and the second conical transition structure has two feature sizes B2 and B3 when the outer shape is triangular; under the condition that B1 plus B2 is equal to the width of the original two-dimensional antenna array face, B1, B2 and B3 respectively select any numerical value which is larger than or equal to zero according to specific needs.
10. The method for designing a two-dimensional antenna array with a transition array structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the shape of the third conical transition structure is triangular, there are three feature sizes of a1, a2 and A3, and a1, a2 and A3 are selected as arbitrary values greater than or equal to zero according to specific requirements under the condition that a1 plus a2 is equal to the original two-dimensional antenna array width.
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