CN114723178A - AHP-based building equipment monitoring system evaluation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
An AHP-based building equipment monitoring system evaluation method relates to the field of electrical and automation. The method comprises the following steps: 1) constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of the building equipment monitoring system; 2) according to the membership relation between each evaluation criterion and each index in the evaluation index system, constructing a comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system by using an analytic hierarchy process; 3) determining the relative weight of each evaluation criterion and index in the comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system by adopting an analytic hierarchy process; 4) determining a comment set of the evaluation indexes and corresponding scores, and assessing scores of each evaluation index to experts; 5) and obtaining the comprehensive score of the building equipment monitoring system through fuzzy matrix calculation according to the statistical information of the evaluation result of each index, the weight vectors of indexes and criteria at all levels. Compared with the prior art, the method provided by the invention provides simple and accurate evaluation scoring combining qualitative and quantitative evaluation, and has the characteristics of comprehensive, systematic, objective and stable evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electricity and automation, in particular to a method for comprehensively evaluating a building equipment monitoring system based on an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).
Background
The construction equipment monitoring system is a special product with distinct engineering attributes. The management objects are many (heating ventilation, illumination, water supply and drainage, power transformation and distribution and energy metering); the application environment is complex (the individual difference of the application scene is large, the requirement change is a normal phenomenon, strict specifications are lacked in installation, construction and operation management, and the skills of practitioners are weak); the chain length of the value and links influencing the final delivery quality (design, installation, programming, debugging and adaptation, operation and maintenance, modification and expansion) are multiple; the system plays an expected role, and the required subjects are multiple (heating, ventilation, air conditioning, automation, instruments and meters, communication and computers); the potential safety hazard is outstanding (the cost of risk occurrence in the control of large-scale public building equipment is high, and more potential safety hazards are brought along with the combination of the system and emerging technologies such as cloud, large, object and mobile technologies).
In the prior art, evaluation for a building equipment monitoring system at home and abroad is limited to static technical specification parameter comparison such as product network architecture, computing capacity, system capacity and communication protocol, or qualitative discussion of single technical links such as configuration function, programming mode and control strategy, and research for comprehensively covering system function, performance, safety and applicability is not available, and qualitative and quantitative combination of evaluation indexes can be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an AHP-based building equipment monitoring system evaluation method. The method provides simple and accurate evaluation scoring combining qualitative and quantitative evaluation, and has the characteristics of comprehensive, systematic, objective and stable evaluation.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:
a building equipment monitoring system evaluation method based on AHP comprises the following steps:
1) constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of the building equipment monitoring system, wherein the evaluation index system comprises a standard layer and a secondary index layer;
2) according to the membership relation between each evaluation criterion and each index in the evaluation index system, constructing a comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system by using an analytic hierarchy process; the building equipment monitoring system evaluation model comprises an index layer and a criterion layer in sequence from bottom to top; the index layers are multilayer, and the evaluation index of each layer is the evaluation index of the same level in the evaluation index system; the lower layer evaluation index is a sub-index corresponding to the evaluation index in the upper layer;
3) determining the relative weight of each evaluation criterion and index in the comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system by adopting an analytic hierarchy process;
4) determining a comment set of the evaluation indexes and corresponding scores, and assessing scores of each evaluation index to experts;
5) and obtaining the comprehensive score of the building equipment monitoring system through fuzzy matrix calculation according to the statistical information of the evaluation result of each index, the weight vectors of indexes and criteria at all levels.
In the method for evaluating the building equipment monitoring system based on the AHP, the comprehensive evaluation index system of the building equipment monitoring system is obtained by analyzing the technical indexes, market demands and field operation conditions of the existing building equipment monitoring system.
In the above method for evaluating an AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system, the criterion layer of the evaluation index system includes: the system comprises a plurality of sets of rules, wherein each rule comprises a plurality of secondary evaluation indexes, and the rules comprise completeness, usability, fault tolerance, safety and environmental protection characteristics and cloud service capability.
In the above method for evaluating an AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system, the secondary evaluation index includes:
In the above method for evaluating a building equipment monitoring system based on AHP, the comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system in step 2) includes an index layer, a criterion layer and a target layer from bottom to top.
In the above method for evaluating a building equipment monitoring system based on AHP, the method for determining the evaluation criteria and the relative weights of the indexes in step 3) is as follows:
s31: determining the relative importance degree of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system;
s32: constructing the relative importance degree as a judgment matrix;
s33: carrying out consistency check on the judgment matrix, and if the judgment matrix is inconsistent, adjusting elements of the judgment matrix to meet the consistency requirement;
s34: calculating a maximum eigenvalue corresponding to the constructed judgment matrix and a corresponding eigenvector, and obtaining the eigenvector which is the weight of the corresponding evaluation index after normalization processing;
s35: and pushing the indexes layer by layer according to the hierarchical relationship among the indexes, sequentially obtaining the weight of each index, and finally obtaining the corresponding weight of the criterion.
In the above AHP-based evaluation method for a monitoring system of construction equipment, the evaluation criteria and the index weights in step 3) are feature vectors of a judgment matrix obtained by comparing each evaluation index pairwise according to expert evaluation opinions and checking consistency.
In the above method for evaluating a building equipment monitoring system based on AHP, the comment set of the evaluation index and the score corresponding thereto in step 4) are determined by expert experience.
In the above method for evaluating an AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system, the specific method in step 5) is: the score for each evaluation criterion may be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (1), the first and second groups,S i is a guidelineCiScore of (a);W i is a guidelineC i Judging a weight vector of a lower index of the matrix;R i is a guidelineC i Judging evaluation statistical data membership degree matrix of the matrix according to the criterionC i Judging the normalized calculation of the statistical result of each index comment under the matrix;Eis a data set corresponding to the evaluation index comment set, thereby obtaining the scores of the evaluation criteria. Index of extreme evaluationC ij The score can be determined by the membership matrix and the corresponding row vectorr ii And withEAnd (4) multiplying and calculating.
In the formula (3)SThe final score of the comprehensive evaluation of the building equipment monitoring system;Wa weight vector for each criterion;Fis a guideline ofFuzzy matrix is the transpose of weight vector of each criterionW i T And its membership matrixR i The product of (a) is calculated to obtain a set, see formula (2);Ethe data set corresponding to the evaluation index comment set is obtained, and therefore the comprehensive score of the evaluated building equipment monitoring system is obtained.
The method combines the AHP method and the fuzzy operation, reduces the decision difficulty of the evaluators, and can provide concise and accurate comprehensive evaluation scores. Compared with the conventional AHP method which ends in the method of comparing the scheme weight vectors, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the obtained scores have objectivity, stability and independence comparability and are not influenced by the objects participating in evaluation in different batches.
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a comprehensive evaluation model in an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the method for evaluating the building equipment monitoring system based on the AHP of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1) the comprehensive evaluation index system for the building equipment monitoring system is constructed by analyzing the technical indexes, market demands and field operation conditions of the existing building equipment monitoring system. The evaluation index system comprises two levels of a criterion layer and a secondary index layer. The criterion layer of the evaluation index system comprises: the system comprises a plurality of sets of rules, wherein each rule comprises a plurality of secondary evaluation indexes, and the rules comprise completeness, usability, fault tolerance, safety and environmental protection characteristics and cloud service capability. The secondary evaluation indexes include:
2) According to the membership relation between each evaluation criterion and each index in the evaluation index system, constructing a comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system by using an analytic hierarchy process; the building equipment monitoring system evaluation model comprises an index layer, a standard layer and a target layer from bottom to top. The index layers are multilayer, and the evaluation index of each layer is the evaluation index of the same level in the evaluation index system; the lower evaluation index is a sub-index corresponding to the evaluation index in the upper layer.
3) And determining the relative weight of each evaluation criterion and index in the comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system by adopting an analytic hierarchy process. The specific method comprises the following steps:
s31: determining the relative importance degree of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system;
s32: constructing the relative importance degree as a judgment matrix;
s33: carrying out consistency check on the judgment matrix, and if the judgment matrix is inconsistent, adjusting elements of the judgment matrix to meet the consistency requirement;
s34: calculating a maximum eigenvalue corresponding to the constructed judgment matrix and a corresponding eigenvector, and obtaining the eigenvector which is the weight of the corresponding evaluation index after normalization processing;
s35: and pushing the indexes layer by layer according to the hierarchical relationship among the indexes, sequentially obtaining the weight of each index, and finally obtaining the corresponding weight of the criterion.
4) And determining a comment set of the evaluation index and a score corresponding to the comment set by using expert experience, wherein the comment set is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
5) And obtaining the comprehensive score of the building equipment monitoring system through fuzzy matrix calculation according to the statistical information of the evaluation results of the indexes and the weight vectors of the indexes and the criteria at all levels. The score for each evaluation criterion may be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula (1), the first and second groups,S i is a guidelineCiScore of (a);W i is a guidelineC i Judging a weight vector of a lower index of the matrix;R i is a guidelineC i Judging evaluation statistical data membership degree matrix of the matrix according to the criterionC i Judging the normalized calculation of the statistical result of each index comment under the matrix;Eis a data set corresponding to the evaluation index comment set, thereby obtaining the scores of the evaluation criteria. Index of extreme evaluationC ij The score of (2) can be determined by the membership matrix and the corresponding row vectorr ii AndEmultiplying and calculating to obtain;
in the formula (3)SThe final score of the comprehensive evaluation of the building equipment monitoring system;Wa weight vector for each criterion;Fthe criterion fuzzy matrix is formed by transposing each criterion weight vectorW i T And its membership matrixR i The product of (a) is calculated to obtain a set, see formula (2);Ethe data set corresponding to the evaluation index comment set is obtained, and therefore the comprehensive score of the evaluated building equipment monitoring system is obtained.
The evaluation method can be applied to the evaluation of various types of building equipment monitoring systems at home and abroad, can effectively identify the limitation of each link of design, installation, debugging, operation and maintenance of a product manufacturer on a user, and avoids misleading of 'ideal function' propaganda of the product by designers, engineers and users to cause that the operation effect cannot reach the expectation.
The building equipment monitoring system is a product with a long value chain, a series of links such as design, installation and debugging are required before delivery operation, a series of safeguard measures such as adjustment, optimization, change, operation and maintenance are required after delivery operation, and the final use effect of the product is influenced when any link goes wrong. The method increases the usability and fault tolerance of the product in the whole life period, is an important means for solving the problems, and is also an important criterion and index of the evaluation method.
The method fully considers the necessity of the building equipment monitoring system to apply emerging technologies such as Internet, cloud computing and the like and necessary information security and control network security measures.
The method of the invention takes the actual function finally delivered by the system as an evaluation object, modifies the design function of the one-sided evaluation system, reveals the authorization and permission conditions of the system, avoids the product manufacturer from maximizing profit, limits the user in the product operation, operation and maintenance life cycle by using technology and market means, and continuously improves the capability of the product application effect along with more clear identification of the demand and tracking of the demand change. Also in the interest of encouraging the system user to enable, the invention concerns the ease of use of the system in terms of design, installation, commissioning, operation and maintenance overall process, as well as the ability to self-coordinate and self-optimize.
The invention fully considers the large individual difference of the application scene of the building equipment monitoring system; the control range and the target are variable; construction and operation lack strict specifications; and the technical literacy of the practitioner is insufficient, and fault tolerance indexes are provided in the design, installation, debugging, operation and maintenance links of the system.
The invention provides the safety and environmental protection evaluation criterion of the building equipment monitoring system for the first time. Under the trend that the current monitoring system and the internet are combined generally, the method is a very interesting index. At the same time, the social responsibility of monitoring system manufacturers to reduce the use of hazardous materials is also incorporated into the evaluation system.
From the development point of view, the invention emphasizes the combination of the cloud service function and the traditional equipment monitoring system, and encourages manufacturers, users and special technical service providers to continuously, efficiently and safely maintain and improve the high-level operation of the system by utilizing the Internet.
The completeness, usability, fault tolerance, safety, environmental protection and cloud service capability advocated by the evaluation method are development directions of the building equipment monitoring system in the Internet era; the industry breaks the necessary route of monopoly of imported products; is an effective means for improving the common operation effect of the industry; is the responsibility for ensuring the safe operation of national public building infrastructure; and the inventor is the mission of the manufacturers of the building equipment monitoring systems.
When the evaluation method is used for evaluating a certain building equipment monitoring system, a user can obtain a simple percentage system score, and the score reflects the comprehensive efficiency of the system. Aiming at each specific evaluation index, the method also provides an index evaluation principle and an index evaluation example, so that the evaluation process is easy to operate, ambiguity is avoided as far as possible, and the objectivity, stability and independence of the score are guaranteed.
Claims (9)
1. A building equipment monitoring system evaluation method based on AHP comprises the following steps:
1) constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of the building equipment monitoring system, wherein the evaluation index system comprises a standard layer and a secondary index layer;
2) according to the membership relation between each evaluation criterion and each index in the evaluation index system, constructing a comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system by using an analytic hierarchy process; the building equipment monitoring system evaluation model comprises an index layer and a criterion layer in a bottom-up sequence; the index layers are multilayer, and the evaluation index of each layer is the evaluation index of the same level in the evaluation index system; the lower layer evaluation index is a sub-index corresponding to the evaluation index in the upper layer;
3) determining the relative weight of each evaluation criterion and index in the comprehensive evaluation model of the building equipment monitoring system by adopting an analytic hierarchy process;
4) determining a comment set of the evaluation indexes and corresponding scores, and gathering scores of the experts on each evaluation index;
5) and obtaining the comprehensive score of the building equipment monitoring system through fuzzy matrix calculation according to the statistical information of the evaluation result of each index, the weight vectors of indexes and criteria at all levels.
2. The AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system evaluation method of claim 1, wherein the construction equipment monitoring system comprehensive evaluation index system is obtained by analyzing technical indexes, market demands and field operation conditions of the existing construction equipment monitoring system.
3. The AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system evaluation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the criteria layer of the evaluation index system comprises: the system comprises a plurality of sets of rules, wherein each rule comprises a plurality of secondary evaluation indexes, and the rules comprise completeness, usability, fault tolerance, safety and environmental protection characteristics and cloud service capability.
4. The AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system evaluation method of claim 3, wherein said secondary evaluation indicators comprise:
5. The AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive evaluation model of the construction equipment monitoring system in step 2) comprises an index layer, a criterion layer and a target layer from bottom to top.
6. The AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the relative weight of each evaluation criterion and index in step 3) comprises:
s31: determining the relative importance degree of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system;
s32: constructing the relative importance degree as a judgment matrix;
s33: carrying out consistency check on the judgment matrix, and if the judgment matrix is inconsistent, adjusting elements of the judgment matrix to meet the consistency requirement;
s34: calculating a maximum eigenvalue corresponding to the constructed judgment matrix and a corresponding eigenvector, and obtaining the eigenvector which is the weight of the corresponding evaluation index after normalization processing;
s35: and pushing the indexes layer by layer according to the hierarchical relationship among the indexes, sequentially obtaining the weight of each index, and finally obtaining the corresponding weight of the criterion.
7. The AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system evaluation method as recited in claim 1 or 6, wherein each evaluation criterion and index weight in step 3) is a feature vector of a judgment matrix obtained by comparing each evaluation index two by two according to expert evaluation opinions and checking consistency.
8. The AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system evaluation method of claim 1, wherein the set of comments on the evaluation index and the score corresponding thereto in step 4) are determined using expert experience.
9. The AHP-based construction equipment monitoring system evaluation method as recited in claim 1, wherein the specific method of step 5) is: the score for each evaluation criterion may be calculated by the following formula:
formula (1) In (1),S i is a guidelineCiA score of (a);W i is a guidelineC i Judging a weight vector of a lower index of the matrix;R i is a guidelineC i Judging evaluation statistical data membership degree matrix of the matrix according to the criterionC i Judging the normalized calculation of the statistical result of each index comment under the matrix;Ethe data sets corresponding to the evaluation index comment sets are obtained, and the scores of all the evaluation criteria are obtained; index of extreme evaluationC ij The score of (2) can be determined by the membership matrix and the corresponding row vectorr ii AndEmultiplying and calculating to obtain;
in the formula (3), S is the final score of the comprehensive evaluation of the building equipment monitoring system;Wa weight vector for each criterion;Ffor criterion fuzzy matrix, is a transpose of weight vectors of each criterionW i T With its membership matrixR i The product of (a) is calculated to obtain a set, see formula (2);Eand obtaining a comprehensive score of the building equipment monitoring system for the data set corresponding to the evaluation index comment set.
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