CN114722647A

CN114722647A - GIS-based multi-situation scenic flood flooding and submerging analysis method and device

Info

Publication number: CN114722647A
Application number: CN202210242948.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾勇; 李佳奇
Original assignee: China University of Petroleum Beijing
Current assignee: China University of Petroleum Beijing
Priority date: 2022-03-11
Filing date: 2022-03-11
Publication date: 2022-07-08

Abstract

The application provides a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging analysis method and device. The method comprises the steps of loading map data of a flood analysis area, receiving user selection operation and selecting a preset inundation analysis method, wherein the preset inundation analysis method comprises the following steps: passive flooding analysis methods, active flooding analysis methods, and dam break flooding analysis methods. Acquiring analysis parameters of a flood area input by a user through the target interface, and processing the analysis parameters by using a selected target analysis method to obtain a submerging result, wherein the submerging result comprises submerging water depth, submerging area and submerging volume; and loading the inundation result on a map of the flood analysis area in an image form for displaying. The method can reduce the requirement on data in flood inundation analysis, reduce the calculation time and widen the flood inundation analysis range.

Description

GIS-based multi-situation scenic flood flooding and submerging analysis method and device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a GIS (Geographic Information System) based multi-situation scenic flood flooding and submerging analysis method and device.

Background

The great flood causes great loss to the life and property of people, so that the analysis of flood inundation is performed, and the method is of great importance in scientifically formulating a flood control policy and taking flood control measures.

The method comprises the steps of carrying out flood inundation analysis based on a hydrodynamic model, obtaining corresponding data by collecting geographic data, hydrological data, historical flood disaster data and the like, constructing the hydrodynamic model according to the collected data, solving the hydrodynamic model to obtain inundation water depth, and carrying out analysis on inundation range and inundation volume according to the inundation water depth. The hydrodynamic model commonly used comprises an MIKE model, a JFLOW model, a UIM model and the like.

However, the hydrodynamic model-based flood inundation analysis process has high data requirements and long calculation time, so that the flood inundation analysis method has a limited application range.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis method and device, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the flood analysis process is high in data requirement, long in calculation time consumption and narrow in application range.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging analysis method, including:

loading map data of a flood analysis area, wherein the map data comprises data of a plurality of grids corresponding to the flood analysis area;

receiving a user's selection operation of a flooding analysis method, the selection operation being used to select a target flooding analysis method from preset flooding analysis methods, the preset flooding analysis method comprising: a passive flooding analysis method, an active flooding analysis method and a dam break flooding analysis method;

displaying a target interface corresponding to the target inundation analysis method;

acquiring analysis parameters of the flood analysis area input by a user through the target interface;

processing the analysis parameters by using the target analysis method to obtain a submerging result of the flood analysis area, wherein the submerging result comprises submerging water depth, submerging area and submerging volume;

and loading the flooding result on a map of the flood analysis area in an image mode for displaying.

Optionally, when the target flooding analysis method is a passive flooding analysis method, the analysis parameter is a flooding water depth, and the processing the analysis parameter by using the target analysis method to obtain the flooding result of the flood analysis area includes:

traversing the grids in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path to obtain a submerged grid, wherein the submerged grid is a grid with an elevation smaller than a preset target elevation;

after all grids in the flood analysis area are traversed, determining the area of an actual geographic area corresponding to an area formed by all flooding grids as a flooding area;

and obtaining the submerged volume according to the submerged depth and the submerged area.

Optionally, when the target flooding analysis method is an active flooding analysis method, the analysis parameter is a row-column coordinate of a source point grid corresponding to a flooding source point;

the processing the analysis parameters by using the target analysis method to obtain the inundation result of the flood analysis area includes:

traversing 8 grids around the source point grid, and determining a submerged grid in the 8 grids around the source point, wherein the submerged grid is a grid with an elevation smaller than that of the source point grid;

when an inundated grid exists around the source point grid, determining the inundated grid as the source point grid, and returning to execute the step of traversing 8 grids around the source point grid;

if no flooding grids exist around the source point grid, determining the area of an actual geographic area corresponding to an area formed by all flooding grids and the source point grid as a flooding area;

Optionally, when the target flooding analysis method is a dam break flooding analysis method, the analysis parameters are a preset initial water depth and a preset dam break flood volume, and the processing of the analysis parameters by using the target analysis method to obtain the flooding result of the flood analysis area includes:

traversing the grids in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path to obtain the flooding volume and the flooding area of the flood analysis area under the flooding water depth condition, wherein the initial value of the flooding water depth is the preset initial water depth;

comparing the submerged volume of the flood analysis area under the submerged water depth condition with the flood volume of the preset dam break;

when the submerging volume of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition is smaller than the flood volume of the preset dam break, updating the submerging water depth according to a preset water depth step length, using the updated submerging water depth as a condition, returning to execute a step of traversing grids in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path to obtain the submerging volume and the submerging area of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition;

and when the submerging volume of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition is not less than the flood volume of the preset dam break, determining the submerging water depth, the submerging volume and the submerging area of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition as the submerging result of the flood analysis area.

Optionally, traversing the grid in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path to obtain a submerged volume and a submerged area of the flood analysis area under the submerged water depth condition, including:

determining the area of an actual geographical area corresponding to an area composed of all flooding grids as the flooding area of the flood analysis area under the flooding water depth condition;

and obtaining the submerging volume of the flood analysis area under the submerging depth condition according to the submerging depth and the submerging area.

Optionally, the loading the flooding result on the map of the flood analysis area in an image manner for display includes:

and loading a flooding grid layer corresponding to the flooding area in the flooding result onto a grid of the flood analysis area by utilizing ArcGIS to obtain an image corresponding to the flooding result.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for analyzing flooding and submerging of a GIS-based multi-scenario flood, comprising:

the display module is used for loading map data of a flood analysis area, and the map data comprises data of a plurality of grids corresponding to the flood analysis area;

a receiving module, configured to receive a selection operation of a flooding analysis method by a user, where the selection operation is used to select a target flooding analysis method from preset flooding analysis methods, and the preset flooding analysis method includes: a passive flooding analysis method, an active flooding analysis method and a dam break flooding analysis method;

the display module is further used for displaying a target interface corresponding to the target inundation analysis method;

the acquisition module is used for acquiring the analysis parameters of the flood analysis area input by a user through the target interface;

the inundation analysis module is used for processing the analysis parameters by using the target analysis method to obtain inundation results of the flood analysis area, wherein the inundation results comprise inundation water depth, inundation area and inundation volume;

the display module is further used for loading the flooding result on a map of the flood analysis area in an image mode for display.

Optionally, the display module is specifically configured to:

In a third aspect, the present application provides a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis device, including: a memory, a processor;

wherein the processor is configured to: and executing the GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging analysis method.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions are used to implement the GIS-based multi-scenario flood and flood flooding analysis method.

In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the method according to the first aspect of the invention.

The application provides a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and flood submergence analysis method and device, map data of a flood analysis area are obtained through a GIS system, the map data comprise data of a plurality of grids corresponding to the flood analysis area, a preset submergence analysis method is selected according to flood submergence types, analysis parameters of the flood area are input, submergence results are obtained, and the submergence results are loaded on a map of the flood analysis area in an image mode. Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the data requirement is low, the calculated amount is simplified, the application range of flood submerging analysis is enlarged, and the flood submerging range can be visually embodied in an image form.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flood inundation analysis module;

fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a display page provided by the GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the text of the flooding result;

FIG. 6 is a graphical illustration of the flooding result;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a passive flooding algorithm according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a passive flooding analysis interface;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a prompt interface for completion of flooding;

fig. 10 is a schematic flowchart of an active flooding analysis method according to a third embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the relative positions of the grids;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a quad-domain method grid;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an active flooding analysis interface;

FIG. 14 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for analyzing dam submergence according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of dam break flood input from the dam break submergence analysis interface;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an input initial water level for a dam flood analysis interface;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a flood and submergence analyzing device based on GIS multi-scenario according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

With the above figures, there are shown specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concepts in any manner, but rather to illustrate the inventive concepts to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terms referred to in the present application are explained first:

digital Elevation Model (Digital Elevation Model), abbreviated DEM: the method is to realize digital simulation of the ground terrain through limited terrain elevation data, and is an entity ground model for expressing the ground elevation in a group of ordered numerical array forms.

The digital elevation model may be functionally expressed as: h_i＝(A_i，B_i，C_i),i＝1,2,3,···n。

Wherein, A_i,B_iRespectively representing the horizontal and vertical coordinates, C, on the terrain of the ground_iIndicating the elevation value of the corresponding coordinate. Elevation refers to the distance from a point to the absolute base along the direction of the plumb line.

The current mainstream DEM model is represented by an Irregular triangular Network (TIN), a regular grid structure and a contour line data structure. The TIN model can be flexibly used, and is mostly constructed in the regions of key analysis, such as mountains, dams, ridges, canyons and other regions with large terrain change, so that the precision is improved. The regular grid model can be understood as that a large fishing net is tiled on the terrain, then each fishing net corresponds to an area on the terrain, when the area of the area is small enough, each area can represent an attribute by using the same value, and the attribute can be an elevation value or other values, so that the regular grid model is simple in division, simple and convenient in structure and easy to use and manage. However, contour models have limitations compared to the first two models: on one hand, in the transverse cutting progress of the earth elevation surface, more terrain data are lost, and only reduction can be realized by means of other ways except contour lines; and on the other hand, the contour line group is required to be combined for representation when the landform is reflected.

At present, a flood submerging analysis method mainly comprises the steps of constructing a hydrodynamic model, solving to obtain submerging water depth, and further analyzing a submerging range and a submerging volume. The hydrodynamic model method has high requirements on data, and needs to collect information such as river section data, hydrological data, structures, engineering scheduling data and the like in a flood analysis area to obtain parameters required by the hydrodynamic model, and meanwhile, the hydrodynamic model needs to solve a complex mathematical formula, so that the time consumption is too long, and the solution of an emergent flood event is not favorable. There is therefore a need to establish a flood inundation analysis method that has a small dependence on data and does not require complex calculations.

Therefore, the application provides a GIS-based multi-scenario flood submerging and submerging analysis method, which can select a corresponding preset submerging analysis algorithm according to the type of flood generation, input some simple analysis parameters (such as water depth, submerging source points of flood and the like) of the flood, and perform flood submerging analysis. The parameters required by calculation are few and easy to obtain, the calculation time is short, and the method can be used for dealing with sudden flood events and is more widely applied.

The method of the embodiment of the application can be executed by a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging analysis device, which is hereinafter referred to as an analysis device, and the analysis device can be a personal computer, a special computer, a server and the like. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submergence analyzing device, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the flood inundation analysis module, the data management module, the information query module, the map management module and the help module.

The flood inundation analysis module comprises three preset inundation analysis algorithms, and the corresponding inundation analysis algorithm is selected according to the type of flood, wherein the passive inundation analysis algorithm is suitable for simulating the flood caused by rainfall, the active inundation analysis algorithm is suitable for the flood with a known flood starting point, and the dam break inundation analysis algorithm is suitable for the flood caused by dam burst. According to the selected inundation analysis algorithm, required initial parameters (such as inundation water depth, initial point row and column coordinates, initial flood amount and the like) are input, inundation simulation is carried out, and an inundation result can be obtained.

The data management module has the functions of data loading, data editing, map exporting and the like, and is used for loading the map and the data of the flood analysis area, adjusting the map and the data according to needs and exporting the map of the flood analysis area needing flooding simulation.

The information query module has the functions of space query, attribute query, graph query, statistics and the like, is used for checking internal information (such as an elevation value, an area and the like) of the loaded flood analysis area image, and can perform statistics on required information.

The map management module has the functions of map browsing, map measurement, element selection and the like, and a user can check map images of flood analysis areas in different proportions and measure the distance between any two points on the map, so that the user can visually and comprehensively know the distribution of the map images and the related elements of the flood analysis areas.

The help module comprises detailed descriptions of the flood inundation analysis device and specific operation steps of three preset inundation analysis methods, and is used for helping a user who does not use the device to complete flood inundation simulation by referring to the specific steps in the help module so as to obtain required inundation result data and images.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flood analysis module of fig. 1, as shown in fig. 2, the flood analysis module comprising: the passive flooding module, the break dam analysis module and the active flooding module.

The passive flooding analysis algorithm is suitable for simulating the flood caused by rainfall, the flooding depth needs to be input when the passive flooding analysis algorithm is executed, then a user clicks flooding, the device carries out flooding simulation according to a preset traversal path and judgment conditions, and after a period of time, the flooding result can be clicked to inquire to obtain the passive flooding area, volume and flooding depth.

The active flooding analysis algorithm is suitable for flood with known flood starting points, the flood starting points need to be input when the active flooding analysis algorithm is executed, then a user clicks flooding, the device carries out flooding simulation according to a preset traversal path and judgment conditions, and after a period of time, the flooding result can be clicked to inquire to obtain the area, the volume and the flooding depth of the active flooding.

The dam break submerging module is used for carrying out dam break submerging analysis, the dam break submerging analysis algorithm is suitable for simulating flood caused by dam break, the dam break water quantity and the initial water level are required to be input when the dam break submerging analysis algorithm is executed, then a user clicks submerging, the device carries out submerging simulation according to the preset traversing path and the judging condition, and the submerging result can be clicked to inquire after a period of time to obtain the submerged area, volume and submerged water depth of the dam break.

The following describes the technical solutions of the present application and how to solve the above technical problems with specific embodiments. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submergence analysis method according to an embodiment of the present application, which can be executed by the above-mentioned analysis apparatus, and the method can include the following steps.

Step S101: and loading map data in the flood analysis area, wherein the map data comprises data of a plurality of grids corresponding to the flood analysis area.

The map data of the flood analysis area is loaded by the data management module, and meanwhile the data management module can edit and export the data, so that the loaded data are the data required for flood analysis.

In this embodiment, can construct the flood analysis region of regular grid structure through digital elevation model, this flood analysis region is divided into a plurality of grids, and every grid all corresponds a pixel, and the grid number of dividing should neither too much nor too little, and too much can lead to analytical equipment's analysis speed to reduce, and too little can lead to the analytical precision not enough, specifically should adjust the grid number according to actual conditions.

Optionally, the accuracy of the digital elevation model may be changed by resampling, where resampling refers to changing an actual geographic area corresponding to the grids, and elevations in an area corresponding to each grid in the flood analysis area are the same, that is, one grid has one elevation, but the actual geographic area is not an absolute plane, and a terrain fluctuation may exist in an area corresponding to the grids, so that the smaller the actual geographic area of an area corresponding to each grid is, the closer the elevation of the grid is to the actual elevation of the area corresponding to the grid, the higher the accuracy of the digital elevation model is, and the more accurate the simulation is.

The grids are usually regular grids such as squares, rectangles and triangles, the shape of the grids is not limited in the embodiment, and the divided grids divide the flood analysis area into a plurality of areas with regular shapes, and each grid has an elevation value.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flood inundation analysis area, and a user loads the grid data shown in fig. 4 after opening the analysis software installed on the analysis apparatus.

Step S102: receiving a user's selection operation of a flooding analysis method, the selection operation being used for selecting a target flooding analysis method from preset flooding analysis methods, the preset flooding analysis method comprising: passive flooding analysis methods, active flooding analysis methods, and dam break flooding analysis methods.

The analysis device of the present embodiment can provide a plurality of inundation analysis methods for the user to select through a unified platform, and the preset inundation analysis methods include but are not limited to: passive flooding analysis methods, active flooding analysis methods, and dam break flooding analysis methods. The user can select a preset flooding analysis method according to the type of flood occurrence, namely a passive flooding analysis method is selected when rainfall causes the flood and the known rainfall depth, an active flooding analysis method is selected when the flood at the known flood starting point floods, and a dam breaking and dam breaking flooding analysis method is selected when the flood is broken and the known flood is broken.

Referring to the display page shown in fig. 4, the display page has a "inundation analysis" option, after the user "clicks the inundation" option, a plurality of buttons corresponding to preset inundation analysis methods are displayed, and the user selects a target inundation analysis method by clicking the button corresponding to the target inundation analysis method.

Step S103: and displaying an interface corresponding to the target inundation analysis method.

Wherein, interfaces corresponding to different target flooding analysis methods may be different.

Step S104: and acquiring analysis parameters of the flood analysis area input by the user through the target interface.

The initial analysis parameters required by different submerging analysis methods are different, and the analysis parameters required to be input by the passive submerging analysis method are submerging water depth; analyzing parameters input by the active flooding analysis method are information of a flooding source point, and flood initial elevations of corresponding positions are obtained; the initial parameters required to be input by the dam break submergence analysis method are an initial water level and dam break flood volume.

Step S105: and processing the analysis parameters by using a target analysis method to obtain a submerging result of the flood analysis area, wherein the submerging result comprises submerging water depth, submerging area and submerging volume.

After inputting the analysis parameters, the user can click a inundation start button to trigger analysis, and determine inundation grids in the flood analysis area, wherein the inundation grids refer to grids which are possibly inundated by flood, and the inundation area is equal to the sum of the areas of the actual geographic areas corresponding to the inundation grids. Meanwhile, the flooding volume can be obtained by calculation according to the formula (1):

where Q is the flood-flooding volume, S_iIs the area of the actual geographic area to which the grid corresponds, E_iThe height of the grid is H, and the height of the flood is H, namely the submergence depth.

Step S106: the flooding result is loaded on a map of the flood analysis area in an image form and displayed.

For example, an image corresponding to the flooding result can be obtained by loading a flooding raster layer corresponding to the flooding area in the flooding result onto a grid of the flood analysis area by using ArcGIS.

Fig. 5 is a text display diagram of the flooding result, fig. 6 is a graphic display diagram of the flooding result, fig. 5 displays the flooding water depth, the flooding area and the flooding volume in a dialog box, so that the user can visually know the flooding condition, and fig. 6 overlaps the flooding result in the flood analysis area, so that the user can visually know the position and the range of the flood.

In this embodiment, the flood analysis area is divided into a plurality of grids, an appropriate flood inundation analysis method is selected according to the type of the flood, and only simple and easily-obtained analysis parameters need to be input, and the analysis parameters are processed by using a target analysis method, so that the inundation result of the flood analysis area can be obtained and visually displayed. Compared with the traditional method, the method has low data requirement and less calculation time consumption, can be used for simulating sudden flood disasters, and can display the final inundation result in an image form, so that the method is more intuitive.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a passive flooding analysis method according to a second embodiment of the present application, which is used to describe step S105 in the first embodiment in detail. Passive flooding analysis is to find a suitable water depth, select a specific flood analysis area, and the water level of the whole area rises uniformly and finally equals to the water level value for input (i.e. the preset target elevation). The passive flooding does not need to consider the influence of external factors such as terrain, water flow direction, water flow and the like, namely, the passive flooding indicates that the area is flooded as long as the terrain elevation of the ground is lower than a preset target elevation, so that the passive flooding is very suitable for rainfall-induced flood and the terrain is a wide plain.

In this embodiment, the grids in the flood analysis area may be traversed according to a preset traversal path to obtain a flooding grid, where the flooding grid is a grid whose elevation is smaller than a preset target elevation. And after all grids in the flood analysis area are traversed, determining the area of an actual geographic area corresponding to the area formed by all the flooding grids as a flooding area. Each grid in the flood analysis area has an elevation, whether the grid is a submerged grid or not is determined by comparing the elevation of each grid with a preset target elevation, wherein if the elevation of the currently traversed grid is smaller than the preset target elevation, the currently traversed grid is marked as the submerged grid, and if the elevation of the currently traversed grid is larger than or equal to the target elevation, the currently traversed grid is determined not to be the submerged grid.

Referring to fig. 7, the passive flooding analysis method may include the steps of:

step S201: and determining the initial grid as the currently traversed grid from the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path.

The traversal path of the passive flooding analysis algorithm covers the whole flood analysis area, and each grid is visited only once. The traversal path may be: from left to right, from top to bottom, that is, traversal is started from the first grid of the first row of the flood analysis area (i.e., the first grid at the top left corner), traversal of the grid of the first row is completed from left to right, then traversal is completed from the first grid of the second row from left to right until traversal is completed to the rightmost grid of the last row, and then traversal is completed, at this time, all grids in the flood analysis area are traversed.

Step S202: and judging whether the elevation of the currently traversed grid is smaller than a preset target elevation or not.

If the elevation of the currently traversed grid is smaller than the preset target elevation, step S203 is executed, and if the elevation of the currently traversed grid is not smaller than (i.e., greater than or equal to) the preset target elevation, step S204 is executed.

The preset target elevation is a value input by a user according to specific conditions, and the preset target elevation is the submerging depth. Assuming that the preset target elevation is 12m, all grids with elevations less than 12m in the flood analysis area will be flooded and will be marked as flooded grids.

And S203, marking the currently traversed grid as a flooding grid.

And S204, judging whether the currently traversed grid is the last grid in the flood analysis area.

If the currently traversed grid is the last grid in the flood analysis area, it indicates that all grids in the flood analysis area are traversed, and step S206 is executed, and if the currently traversed grid is not the last grid in the flood analysis area, it indicates that the grids in the flood analysis area are not traversed, and at this time, step S205 is executed.

Step S205: and determining the next traversed grid according to the preset traversal path.

Returning to the execution of step S202 after step S205, all the grid traversals are completed by looping through steps S202 to S205.

And S206, determining the area of the actual geographic area corresponding to the area formed by all the flooding grids as the flooding area.

The inundated area is equal to the product of the area of the actual geographic area corresponding to a single grid and the number of inundated grids.

And step S207, obtaining the submerging volume according to the submerging water depth and the submerging area.

According to the submerging depth input by the user and the submerging area obtained in the step 206, the submerging volume can be determined through system operation by referring to the submerging volume formula (1).

Illustratively, the river basin of the roof valley of ilowa is taken as a case area, the transverse distance is 583,380 meters, the longitudinal distance is 1,415,010 meters, the total area is 412,153,315,200 square meters, and the equilibrium value of the elevation is 725.78 meters. According to the rainfall amount of the local flood, the submergence depth of the passive submergence is 12 meters. After the user opens the flooding analysis software, the passive flooding analysis in the flooding analysis module is found, the flooding water depth is input to 12m in the page shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a passive flooding analysis interface, after the user inputs the flooding water depth, a "passive analysis" option is displayed on the interface, the user starts to perform the passive flooding analysis after clicking the "passive analysis" option, after 5 seconds(s) the analysis is finished, the interface shown in fig. 9 is displayed to inform the user that flooding is finished, and at this time, the user can query the passive flooding result through the page to obtain an interface similar to that shown in fig. 5 or fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a schematic flowchart of an active flooding analysis method according to a third embodiment of the present application, which is used to describe step S105 in the first embodiment in detail. The active flooding analysis is to select a specific flooding analysis area, the flood gradually spreads from the flooding source point to the periphery until the elevation value of the area to which the flooding flood can flow is finally equal to the elevation value of the flooding source point, and the flooding source point of the active flooding analysis is determined, so that the flood in the flooding analysis area flows from the flooding source point, namely the flood is regarded as the flood caused by the leakage of the river water at one point of the river channel. The active flooding analysis needs to judge the direction of water flow, surface runoff and regional connectivity, so the active flooding analysis is suitable for simulating the situation that flood spills out at one point of a river channel in all terrain.

Wherein, the judgement of rivers direction is the elevation value that utilizes DEM regular grid model to compare certain grid and peripheral grid, and rivers must be by the grid that the elevation value is big to the little grid of elevation value, and rivers more tend to flow to grid around by the route that the slope is big simultaneously, and slope accessible following formula is judged:

in the formula: h is the elevation of the grid, x is the distance between the center points of adjacent grids, H_1maxAnd H_1minThe maximum and minimum values of the elevations of the left and right grids and the upper and lower grids around the grid, H_2maxAnd H_2minThe maximum value and the minimum value of the elevation of the four grids around the grid are respectively the upper left grid, the lower left grid, the upper right grid and the lower right grid. The relative position of the grid and the surrounding 8 grids can be schematically shown in fig. 11.

The surface runoff can be judged according to valley points and ridge points. The surface water flows all flow in an area with low elevation, namely flow in a plain or a valley, the flow direction of surface runoff can be judged by determining valley points in a flood analysis area, the valley and the ridge can be judged by adopting a four-neighborhood method, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a grid of the four-neighborhood method, and referring to fig. 12, H (i, j) represents the elevation value of a grid of the ith row and the jth column, the four-neighborhood method is applied, namely four transverse grids and longitudinal grids in direct contact with the grid are selected for elevation comparison, the grid elevation values around the grid are respectively H (i-1, j), H (i, j-1), H (i +1, j) and H (i, j +1) which are greater than the elevation H (i, j) of the grid, the grid is a valley point, and the grid is a ridge point otherwise.

And judging the area connectivity, namely selecting one grid, comparing the elevation values of the grid with the elevation values of 8 peripheral grids, and if the elevation value of the grid is higher than the elevation value of any peripheral grid, representing that the grid can be communicated with the outside, otherwise, the grid cannot be communicated.

In this embodiment, the user determines the position of the flooding source point in the flood analysis area through the longitude and latitude coordinates of the flooding source point, and converts the longitude and latitude coordinates of the flooding source point into the row and column coordinates of the source point grid of the flooding source point in the flood analysis area, where the corresponding position of the flooding source point is located. Then, 8 grids around the source point grid are traversed, and a flooding grid of the 8 grids around the source point is determined, wherein the flooding grid is a grid with an elevation smaller than that of the source point grid. When the flooding grid exists around the source point grid, determining the flooding grid as the source point grid, and returning to execute the step of traversing 8 grids around the source point grid; if no flooding grids exist around the source point grid, determining the area of an actual geographic area corresponding to an area formed by all flooding grids and the source point grid as a flooding area; and obtaining the submerged volume according to the submerged depth and the submerged area.

Referring to fig. 10, the active flooding analysis may include the steps of:

step S301: and receiving row and column coordinates of a source point grid corresponding to the flooding source point, which are input by a user through the target interface.

The flooding source point is located in the flood analysis area, and if the longitude and latitude coordinates of the flooding source point are known, the determinant coordinates of the source point grids can be obtained by measuring the length of the side of the flooding source point and the boundary of the research area divided by a single grid and rounding the length of the side through the map measurement function in the map management module.

Optionally, the longitude and latitude coordinates of the flooding source point may also be converted into the row and column coordinates of the grid number by the following formulas (2) and (3).

Row number [ (] longitude coordinate of source point-upper left grid start longitude coordinate)/longitude value corresponding to single grid side length ] +1 (2)

Column number [ (initial latitude coordinate of upper left grid-latitude coordinate of source point)/latitude value corresponding to side length of single grid ] +1 (3)

Step S302: the initial grid is determined to be the currently traversed grid from the 8 grids around the source point grid.

The active flooding analysis needs to judge the area connectivity, so that the traversal path of the active flooding analysis cannot necessarily traverse all grids of the flood analysis area, and the source point needs to traverse 8 grids around the source point, and the area connectivity around the source point is judged according to the set conditions.

Step S303: and judging whether the elevation of the currently traversed grid is smaller than that of the source point grid.

If the currently traversed grid is less than the elevation of the source grid, step S304 is performed, and if the currently traversed grid is greater than or equal to the elevation of the source grid, step S305 is performed.

Step S304: the currently traversed grid is marked as a flooded grid.

Step S305: and judging whether the currently traversed grid is the last grid in 8 grids around the source point grid.

If the currently traversed grid is the last grid of the 8 grids surrounding the source point grid, step S307 is executed, and if the currently traversed grid is not the last grid of the 8 grids surrounding the source point grid, step S306 is executed.

Step S306: and selecting one grid from the 8 grids around the source point grid which are not traversed as the currently traversed grid.

After step S306, the process returns to step S303.

Step S307: and judging whether an inundated grid exists in 8 grids around the source point grid.

If there is a flooding grid around the source point grid, it indicates that the flood can flow from the source point grid to the flooding grid, step S308 is performed, and if there is no flooding grid around the source point grid, it indicates that the flood cannot spread around, step S309 is performed.

Step S308: the inundated grid is determined to be the source point grid.

After step S308, the process returns to step S302, and the step S302 to S308 are repeated to traverse the lattice meeting the requirement according to the traversal path and the determination condition.

Step S309: and determining the area of the actual geographic area corresponding to the area formed by all the flooding grids and the source point grid as the flooding area.

The flood area is equal to the product of the area of the actual geographic region corresponding to a single grid and the cumulative number of flood grids and source point grids.

And S310, obtaining the submerging volume according to the submerging water depth and the submerging area.

The engulfing volume can be determined by systematic operation with reference to engulfing volume formula (1).

Illustratively, the river basin of the roof valley of ilowa is taken as a case area, the transverse distance is 583,380 meters, the longitudinal distance is 1,415,010 meters, the total area is 412,153,315,200 square meters, and the equilibrium value of the elevation is 725.78 meters. According to the coordinates of the dense hydropower stations of river flood discharge points when flood disasters occur, 25.68 degrees N and 97.54 degrees E, the determinant row number of the corresponding flood analysis area is 347, the column number is 1786 and the elevation corresponding to the grid is 93 meters, which can be obtained by the formula (2) and the formula (3). After the user opens the flooding analysis software, the active flooding analysis in the flood flooding analysis module is found, the page shown in fig. 13 inputs row number 347 and column number 1786, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an active flooding analysis interface, the flooding depth 93m of the grid is obtained after the user finishes inputting the row number and the column number, the interface displays an "active flooding analysis" option, the user starts to perform the active flooding analysis after clicking the "active flooding analysis" option, and after 5 seconds(s), the interface shown in fig. 9 is displayed to inform the user of completion of flooding, and at this time, the user can query the active flooding result through the page, so as to obtain an interface similar to that shown in fig. 5 or fig. 6.

Fig. 14 is a schematic flow chart of a method for analyzing dam bursting flood in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present application, which is used to describe step S105 in detail in the first embodiment, wherein the dam bursting flood analysis is based on a preset flood volume of the dam to be equal to the flood volume of the flooded area. The dam break submerging analysis can be regarded as a dam break or flood discharge process, the influence of external factors such as topography and the like is required to be considered in the dam break submerging analysis, as long as the flood volume of a submerged area is smaller than the flood volume of a preset dam break, flood can raise the water level to spread outwards, and the submerging is finished until the flood volume of the submerged area is equal to the flood volume of the preset dam break, so that the dam break submerging analysis is suitable for the flood and flood discharge process caused by dam break.

In this embodiment, the grids in the flood analysis area may be traversed according to a preset traversal path to obtain the flooding volume and the flooding area of the flood analysis area under the submerging depth condition, and the initial value of the submerging depth is the preset initial depth. And comparing the submerged volume of the flood analysis area under the submerged water depth condition with the flood volume of the preset dam break. And when the submerging volume of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition is smaller than the flood volume of the preset dam break, updating the submerging water depth according to a preset water depth step length, using the updated submerging water depth as a condition, and returning to execute the step of traversing the grids in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path to obtain the submerging volume and the submerging area of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition. And when the submerging volume of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition is not less than the flood volume of the preset dam break, determining the submerging water depth, the submerging volume and the submerging area of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition as the submerging result of the flood analysis area.

In the process of calculating the submerging volume of the flood analysis area, the minimum step length of the grid size and the submerging water depth can influence the accuracy of numerical calculation, so that the submerging volume of the simulated flood analysis area cannot be completely equal to the flood volume of the preset dam break. Therefore, the flooding volume of the flood analysis area is not less than the flooding volume of the preset break dam, which can be understood as that the flooding volume of the flood analysis area is approximately equal to the flooding volume of the preset break dam, i.e. the flooding water depth used for calculating the flooding volume is just enough to make the flooding volume of the flood analysis area equal to or greater than the flooding volume of the preset break dam.

Referring to fig. 14, the dam flood analysis method may include the steps of:

step S401: inputting the initial water depth and the flood volume of the preset dam break.

And inputting required analysis parameters, namely presetting the flood volume and the initial water depth of the dam break, through a system page.

Step S402: and traversing the grids in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path by taking the initial water depth as the submerged water depth to obtain the submerged grids.

Step S403: and determining the area of the actual geographical area corresponding to the area formed by all the flooding grids as the flooding area, and obtaining the flooding volume of the flood analysis area according to the flooding water depth and the flooding area.

The specific implementation manner of steps S402 and S403 refers to the description related to the second embodiment, and is not described herein again.

Step S404: and judging whether the flood volume of the preset dam break is smaller than the submerging volume of the flood analysis area.

If the flood volume of the current preset break dam is larger than or equal to the flooding volume of the flood analysis area, step S405 is executed, and if the flood volume of the preset break dam is smaller than the flooding volume of the flood analysis area, step S406 is executed.

Step S405: the depth of the submersion is increased by a minimum unit step.

And after the step S405 is executed, returning to the step S402, and circulating the steps S402 to S405 until the flood volume of the submerged area is larger than or equal to the flood volume of the preset dam break.

Step S406: and determining a region corresponding to the inundation area of the flood analysis region as a final inundation range.

Illustratively, the river basin of the roof valley of ilowa is taken as a case area, the transverse distance is 583,380 meters, the longitudinal distance is 1,415,010 meters, the total area is 412,153,315,200 square meters, and the equilibrium value of the elevation is 725.78 meters. The area selected by the dam break analysis is the river with the river bottom of IowaIn the upstream area of the basin, the hydropower station is a dense pine hydropower station which is positioned in the area, the dense pine hydropower station is positioned at 25.68 degrees N and 97.54 degrees E, and the flood-control water storage capacity is designed to be 850,000,000m³. After the user opens the flood analysis software, finds the dam break flood analysis in the flood analysis module, and inputs the dam break flood 850,000,000m in the page shown in FIG. 15³Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the input of the initial water level 185.11m of the dam flood analysis interface, fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the input of the initial water level of the dam flood analysis interface, after the user inputs the dam flood amount and the initial water level, the interface displays a "dam flood analysis" option, the user starts the dam flood analysis after clicking the "dam flood analysis" option, after 10 seconds(s) the analysis is finished, the interface shown in fig. 9 is displayed to inform the user of the completion of the flood, and at this time, the user can query the dam flood result through the page to obtain an interface similar to that shown in fig. 5 or fig. 6.

Referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, where the device 100 includes a receiving module 11, an obtaining module 12, a submerging analysis module 13, and a display module 14.

A receiving module 11, configured to receive a user's selection operation of a flooding analysis method, where the selection operation is used to select a target flooding analysis method from preset flooding analysis methods, and the preset flooding analysis method includes: passive flooding analysis methods, active flooding analysis methods, and dam break flooding analysis methods.

And the obtaining module 12 is configured to obtain an analysis parameter of the flood analysis area, which is input by the user through the target interface. The input analysis parameters are related to a submerging analysis method, the analysis parameters required to be input by the passive submerging analysis method are submerging water depth, the analysis parameters required to be input by the active submerging analysis method are row-column coordinates of a target grid where a submerging source point is located at a corresponding position in a flood analysis area, and the analysis parameters required to be input by the dam-break submerging analysis method are preset initial water depth and preset dam-break flood volume.

The inundation analysis module 13 is configured to process the analysis parameters by using the selected target analysis method to obtain inundation results of the flood analysis area, where the inundation results include inundation water depth, inundation area, and inundation volume;

the display module 14 is configured to load map data of a flood analysis area, where the flood analysis area is divided into a plurality of grids, and is further configured to display a target interface corresponding to target inundation analysis, and after inundation analysis is completed, the inundation analysis result may be loaded on the map of the flood analysis area in an image manner and displayed.

Optionally, when the target flooding analysis method is a passive flooding analysis method, the analysis parameter is a depth of the flooding water, and the flooding analysis module 13 is specifically configured to:

after traversing all grids in the flood analysis area, determining the area of an actual geographic area corresponding to an area formed by all flooding grids as a flooding area;

Optionally, when the target flooding analysis method is an active flooding analysis method, the analysis parameter is a row-column coordinate of a target grid where a corresponding position of the flooding source point in the flood analysis area is located, and the obtaining module 12 is configured to: receiving longitude and latitude coordinates of the flooding source point input by a user through the target interface; and converting the longitude and latitude coordinates of the flooding source point into the row and column coordinates of the source point grid of the corresponding position of the flooding source point in the flood analysis area. Accordingly, the inundation analysis module 13 is specifically configured to:

when an inundated grid exists around the source point grid, determining the inundated grid as the source point grid, and returning to the step of traversing 8 grids around the source point grid;

Optionally, when the target submergence analyzing method is a dam break submergence analyzing method, the analyzing parameters are a preset initial water depth and a preset dam break flood volume, and the submergence analyzing module 13 is specifically configured to:

traversing the grids in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path to obtain the flooding volume and the flooding area of the flood analysis area under the flooding water depth condition, wherein the initial value of the flooding water depth is a preset initial water depth;

when the submerging volume of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition is smaller than the flood volume of the preset dam break, updating the submerging water depth according to a preset water depth step length, using the updated submerging water depth as a condition, and returning to execute the step of traversing the grids in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path to obtain the submerging volume and the submerging area of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition;

and when the submerging volume of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition is larger than or equal to the flood volume of the preset dam break, determining the submerging water depth, the submerging volume and the submerging area of the flood analysis area under the submerging water depth condition as the submerging result of the flood analysis area.

Optionally, the flooding analysis module 13 traverses the grid in the flood analysis area according to a preset traversal path to obtain the flooding volume and the flooding area of the flood analysis area under the flooding water depth condition, specifically:

determining the area of an actual geographical area corresponding to an area formed by all the flooding grids as the flooding area of the flood analysis area under the flooding water depth condition;

Optionally, the display module 14 is specifically configured to: and loading the flooding raster layer corresponding to the flooding area in the flooding result onto a grid of the flood analysis area by utilizing ArcGIS to obtain an image corresponding to the flooding result.

The apparatus of this embodiment may be used to execute the flood inundation analysis methods of embodiments one to four, and the detailed description refers to the descriptions of embodiments one to four, which are not repeated herein.

Referring to fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 200 according to the present invention, where the electronic device includes: the processor 21, the memory 22, the transceiver 23, the memory 22 is configured to store instructions, the transceiver 23 is configured to communicate with other devices, and the processor 21 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory, so that the electronic device 200 executes the method steps according to the first to fourth embodiments, which have similar specific implementation and technical effects and are not described herein again.

The present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions are used to implement the method steps of the GIS-based multi-scenario flood and submerge analysis in the first to fourth embodiments.

The present application provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method as in the first to fourth embodiments above.

Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein when the target flood analysis method is a passive flood analysis method, the analysis parameter is a flood depth, and the processing of the analysis parameter using the target analysis method to obtain the flood result for the flood analysis area comprises:

3. The method of claim 1, wherein when the target flooding analysis method is an active flooding analysis method, the analysis parameter is row-column coordinates of a grid of source points corresponding to a flooding source point;

the processing the analysis parameters by using the target analysis method to obtain the flooding result of the flood analysis area includes:

and obtaining the submerging volume according to the submerging water depth and the submerging area.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein when the target flood analysis method is a dam break flood analysis method, the analysis parameters are a preset initial water depth and a preset flood volume of a dam break, and the processing of the analysis parameters using the target analysis method to obtain the flood result of the flood analysis area comprises:

5. The method of claim 4, wherein traversing the grid within the flood analysis area according to a predetermined traversal path to obtain a flood volume and a flood area of the flood analysis area under a flood depth condition comprises:

6. The method of any of claims 1-4, wherein the graphically loading the flood results for display on a map of the flood analysis area comprises:

7. A GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis device is characterized by comprising:

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the display module is specifically configured to:

9. A GIS-based multi-scenario flood and water submerging and submerging analysis device comprises: a memory, a processor;

a memory; a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;

wherein the processor is configured to: performing the GIS based multi-scenario flood and water submerging analysis method of any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for implementing the GIS-based multi-scenario flood and submergence analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by a processor.