CN114722630A - Design method of scale test model of ultra-high voltage transmission line - Google Patents

Design method of scale test model of ultra-high voltage transmission line Download PDF

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CN114722630A
CN114722630A CN202210461535.3A CN202210461535A CN114722630A CN 114722630 A CN114722630 A CN 114722630A CN 202210461535 A CN202210461535 A CN 202210461535A CN 114722630 A CN114722630 A CN 114722630A
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tower
model
scaling
scale
wire
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张力
阮江军
黄道春
李慧鹏
赵鹏飞
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Wuhan University WHU
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    • G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/04—Power grid distribution networks
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    • G06F2119/02—Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for designing a scale test model of an extra-high voltage transmission line, which determines the scale proportion of the size according to the drawing of a true transmission line tower and the limitation of a test field, reserves the main structure of each section of the tower, carries out corresponding scaling on the size of a component, designs a scale tower model, determines the load similarity coefficient of the scale test tower through a dimensional analysis method, determines the wire diameter according to the parameters of a scaling wire, evenly hangs a balancing weight on the scaling wire so that the scale model and the original model meet the similarity of the wire linear density, and simultaneously enables the load similarity coefficient of the scaling wire to be consistent with that of the scale tower. And finally, calculating the similarity coefficients of the scale model and the original model in size, load, frequency, displacement response and the like according to a dimensional analysis method. The method can restore the relevant characteristics of the appearance and the mechanical characteristics of the true power transmission line, thereby exploring the damage mechanisms of the icing, the waving, the ground settlement and the like of the power transmission line on parts such as a lead, a tower, an insulator string and the like and developing the fatigue damage research.

Description

Design method of scale test model of ultra-high voltage transmission line
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of disaster prevention and reduction of transmission lines, in particular to a design method of a scale test model of an ultra-high voltage transmission line tower-line system.
Background
With the continuous increase of the scale of the power grid system and the improvement of the line voltage grade, the operation of the power grid becomes more complicated, and therefore, in the actual operation process of the power system, higher requirements are put forward on the safe and reliable operation of the power system. However, ice coating, galloping, inclination of transmission towers, foundation cracking and the like of the transmission line all affect the stable operation of the transmission line in winter, great threats are generated to the normal and safe operation of a power grid system, and even great economic losses and serious social influences are caused.
At present, scholars at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research on failure mechanisms of transmission conductors, towers, insulator strings and other components under the conditions of ice coating and galloping of transmission lines, wherein the failure mechanisms comprise finite element numerical simulation, true tests, wind tunnel tests and the like. However, the finite element simulation calculation is simplified and assumed, and the real stress conditions of the parts under icing and galloping of the power transmission line are difficult to restore; true tests are often costly, depend on the external natural environment and are difficult to control; the relevant research of the wind tunnel test focuses on the simulation of the aerodynamic characteristics of the icing conductor, and the research on the failure mechanism of the conductor, the tower, the insulator string and other parts caused by icing and galloping is less. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a tower-line system scaling test model establishing method based on a similar theory to restore the relevant characteristics of the appearance and the mechanical characteristics of a true power transmission line, so as to explore the damage mechanism of the power transmission line on parts such as a lead, a tower and an insulator string due to ice coating, galloping and ground settlement, and develop fatigue damage research and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method of a scale test model of an ultra-high voltage transmission line tower-line system, which restores relevant characteristics of the appearance and mechanical characteristics of a true transmission line, thereby exploring damage mechanisms of ice coating, galloping, ground settlement and the like of the transmission line on parts such as a lead, a tower, an insulator string and the like and developing fatigue damage research.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
a design method of a scale test model of an ultra-high voltage transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining a reduced scale proportion of the size according to the drawing of a true power transmission line tower and the limitation of a test site, reserving each section of main structure of the tower, performing corresponding reduction ratio on the size of a component, and designing a reduced-ratio tower model;
step S2, calculating the load similarity coefficient of the scaling tower model and the original model according to a dimension analysis method and the designed scaling tower model parameters;
step S3, simulating a scaled transmission conductor by using a steel wire rope, wherein the length scale of the scaled transmission conductor is consistent with that of a transmission tower, and the wire diameter of the steel wire rope is determined according to the consistency of the load similarity coefficient of the scaled transmission conductor and a scaled tower model;
step S4, determining the mass of the balancing weight according to the scale of the mass of the wire per unit length, and uniformly hanging the balancing weight on the wire to meet the consistency of the linear density and the tension force scale of the scaled transmission wire and the original wire;
and step S5, calculating the size, load, frequency and displacement response similarity coefficients of the scaling model and the original model by adopting a dimensional analysis method according to the design parameters of the scaling tower-line system and the actual parameters of the original model, and providing a basis for the failure mechanism research of parts such as a lead, a tower and an insulator string caused by subsequent ice coating and galloping.
Preferably, main frames of the towers are reserved in the design of the tower model with the scale, auxiliary materials which do not bear the weight are omitted, the materials of the tower model with the scale are consistent with those of an actual power transmission tower, and the stress of the towers can meet the similarity of the scale in the actual manufacturing process.
Preferably, in the process of designing the scaling wire model, balancing weights are uniformly hung on the scaling wires to enable the scaling model and the original model to meet the similarity of the linear density of the wires, meanwhile, the load similarity coefficient of the scaling wires is consistent with that of the scaling tower, and the quality of the balancing weights is determined by a dimensional analysis method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method disclosed by the invention utilizes a similar theory, ensures the consistency of load similarity coefficients of the transmission tower and the transmission conductor by carrying out scaling design on the extra-high voltage transmission tower and the transmission conductor, and can build a scaling test model of the transmission tower-line system meeting the requirements of a test site.
2. The method is used in the design of the scale test model of the power transmission line tower-line system, can calculate the similarity coefficients of the scale model and the original model in size, load, frequency, displacement response and the like, and provides a test platform and a theoretical basis for the research of failure mechanisms of parts such as wires, towers, insulator strings and the like caused by ice coating and galloping.
3. The method is suitable for designing the scale test model of the ultra-high voltage transmission line tower-line system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a detailed flow chart of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a design diagram of a scaling model of a 219# tangent tower of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a design diagram of a scale model of a 220# tangent tower in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be in any way limiting of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the term "connected" is to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example (b):
the embodiment takes the design of a scale test model of a lead and a tower of a certain direct current 1000kV transmission line as an example, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the selected strain section is a 1000kV three-gear four-tower double-circuit transmission line, the related tower types are mainly an SZ323 type straight tower and SJ321 and SJ324 type strain towers, and the total length of a 3-gear lead is 1532 m. The line specific parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 line parameters
Bar number Classification Tower shape Call height/m Span/m
218 Strain tower SJ324 39 477
219 Straight line tower SZ323 69 581
220 Straight line tower SZ323 63 474
221 Strain tower SJ321 39 /
Because the tension tower plays an isolation role in the tension, the tension towers 218# and 221# on the two sides do not need to be scaled, the wall body is directly adopted, and only the two tangent towers 219# and 220# in the middle need to be scaled. According to a drawing, the original heights of 219# and 220# straight line towers are 113.1m (corresponding to 69m call height) and 107.1m (corresponding to 63m call height), respectively, and in consideration of practical site limitation, a scaling scale is designed to be 40:1, and the total heights of scaling model towers are 2.83m and 2.698m, respectively. Part of auxiliary materials are omitted, the scale model design diagram of a tower main frame, 219# tangent tower, is reserved and is shown in figure 2, and the scale model design diagram of a 220# tangent tower is shown in figure 3.
Wherein the height and the length of each section are scaled according to the actual drawing. After the scaling was completed, the steel structures used in the respective portions were compared as shown in the following table, and the actual scaled model members were moved in and out of the model members to be used after the original scaling in consideration of the restrictions on the actual materials. According to the drawing of the prototype tower, the sizes of the components at the corresponding positions of the scaled model tower are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 cantilever beam dimensions and Material parameters
Figure BDA0003620583960000041
The width of the component is within 3-7 mm, and the thickness is within 0.2-1 mm. The components are connected in the manufacturing process in a mode of combining the bolts and the node plates as much as possible, and if the sizes of the components are too small, the components are connected in a welding mode. For the L-shaped angle steel with the undersize, a thin steel plate bending mode can be adopted for simulation.
As the shrinkage ratio model manufacturing material of the transmission tower is consistent with the prototype, namely the elastic modulus and the density similarity coefficient are set as 1:1, other similar parameters of the model can be determined by dimensional analysis, and the calculation formula and specific numerical values are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 similarity coefficients for small models of transmission towers
Figure BDA0003620583960000051
From the above table, the load similarity coefficient of the small model of the power transmission tower and the original model is 1: 1600.
For the design of a power transmission conductor scaling model, if the scale of the model and the original model on the axial length of the conductor is Cl2Scale in radial length CDThe modulus of elasticity scale is CE2The scales of other parameters can be derived according to the dimension analysis method and the above criteria, and the specific derivation process is omitted, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Scale for physical quantities of small model and original model
Figure BDA0003620583960000052
The original model is a wire made of steel-cored aluminum stranded wires, and the model is LGJ-630/45. The elastic modulus of the lead is 63000N/mm2The maximum breaking force is 148.7kN, the outer diameter of a single split conductor is 33.6mm, and the calculated sectional area is 666.55mm2And the 8-split conductor equivalent rear diameter is about 82.4 mm. The mass of a single split conductor per unit length is 2060 kg/km.
The small model is made of steel wire rope with undetermined diameter. The elastic modulus of the steel wire rope is about 110000N/mm2I.e. modulus of elasticity scale CE2Is 1.746. Is limited by test site and is provided with a guide wire axial length scale Cl2The actual total length of 3 rd lead is 1532m, so the length of the small model lead is 38.3 m.
To restore the stress condition of the small model of the power transmission tower in the processes of conductor icing and windage yaw, the consistency of the load similar parameters of the conductor and the power transmission tower needs to be ensured, namely the tension similar coefficient CF2And taking the ratio of 1:1600, wherein the coefficient is consistent with the tower load similarity coefficient.
Due to the fact that
CF2＝CE2Cl2CD
Thus CD0.044 should be taken. Since the actual line equivalent rear diameter is about 82.4mm, the diameter of the steel wire rope to be used is calculated to be 3.6 mm. Considering the size of the steel wire rope commonly used in the market and considering the fact that the conductor is split, the 4mm steel wire rope can be used for simulation and is reasonable. For a steel wire rope with a diameter of 4mm and a 7 multiplied by 7 structure, the linear density is about 65kg/km, so in order to ensure the similarity of the linear densities of the scaling model wire and the prototype wire, a balancing weight needs to be uniformly hung on the steel wire rope, and the mass required by the balancing weight per unit length is calculated as the following formula:
Δqm＝CE2Cl2q1-q2
in the formula q1And q is2The linear density of the prototype wire and the linear density of the steel wire rope are respectively, namely the weight mass per unit length is 654 g/m. The balancing weight can be balanced by a high-density lead block.
After the parameters are determined, the similarity coefficients of the parameters of the scaling wire model and the original real power transmission wire model can be determined according to a dimensional analysis method, as shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 similarity coefficients for small wire models
Figure BDA0003620583960000061
According to the analysis, the similarity relation between the small power transmission tower model and the original model is established through a dimensional analysis method, wherein the tower deflection similarity ratio is 1: 40. Line load is a key parameter for connecting a tower and a wire, and the load similarity ratio of the small model of the power transmission tower is consistent with that of the small model of the wire and is 1: 1600.
the particular embodiments described above are illustrative only of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. A design method of a scale test model of an ultra-high voltage transmission line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining a reduced scale proportion of the size according to the drawing of a true power transmission line tower and the limitation of a test site, reserving each section of main structure of the tower, performing corresponding reduction ratio on the size of a component, and designing a reduced-ratio tower model;
step S2, calculating the load similarity coefficient of the scaling tower model and the original model according to a dimension analysis method and the designed scaling tower model parameters;
step S3, simulating a scaling transmission conductor by using a steel wire rope, wherein the length scale of the scaling transmission conductor is consistent with that of a transmission tower, and the wire diameter of the steel wire rope is determined according to the consistency of the load similarity coefficient of the scaling transmission conductor and a scaling tower model;
step S4, determining the mass of the balancing weight according to the scale of the mass of the wire per unit length, and uniformly hanging the balancing weight on the wire to meet the consistency of the linear density and the tension force scale of the scaled transmission wire and the original wire;
and step S5, calculating the size, load, frequency and displacement response similarity coefficients of the scaling model and the original model by adopting a dimensional analysis method according to the design parameters of the scaling tower-line system and the actual parameters of the original model, and providing a basis for the failure mechanism research of parts such as a lead, a tower and an insulator string caused by subsequent ice coating and galloping.
2. The design method of the scale test model of the extra-high voltage transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: a main frame of the tower is reserved in the design of a scale tower model, parts of auxiliary materials which do not bear the weight are omitted, the materials of the scale tower model are consistent with those of an actual power transmission tower, and the stress of the tower can meet the similarity of the scale in the actual manufacturing process.
3. The design method of the scale test model of the extra-high voltage transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the process of designing the scaling wire model, balancing weights are uniformly hung on the scaling wires so that the scaling model and an original model meet the similarity of the wire linear density, meanwhile, the load similarity coefficient of the scaling wires is consistent with that of a scaling tower, and the quality of the balancing weights is determined through a dimensional analysis method.
CN202210461535.3A 2022-04-28 2022-04-28 Design method of scale test model of ultra-high voltage transmission line Pending CN114722630A (en)

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