CN114721101A - Layer-stranded optical cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Layer-stranded optical cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114721101A CN114721101A CN202210179251.5A CN202210179251A CN114721101A CN 114721101 A CN114721101 A CN 114721101A CN 202210179251 A CN202210179251 A CN 202210179251A CN 114721101 A CN114721101 A CN 114721101A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
- G02B6/4441—Boxes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4483—Injection or filling devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a layer-stranded optical cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein the layer-stranded optical cable comprises a reinforcing member positioned in the center of the optical cable, a plurality of optical fiber units are uniformly distributed around the reinforcing member to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in the gap of the cable core, two layers of binding yarns are alternately wound outside the cable core for fixing, and a metal armor layer is wrapped outside the binding yarns and then an outer sheath is extruded; the optical fiber unit comprises a PBT loose tube, a plurality of optical fibers are arranged in the PBT loose tube, and a gap between the PBT loose tube and the optical fibers is filled with fiber paste. The invention realizes the consistent excess length of the optical fiber in the tube and the complete crystallization of the PBT loose tube by modifying the optical fiber pay-off device, the oil needle and the PBT loose tube crystallization device and optimizing the process, reduces the shrinkage after tube sheathing, controls the excess length of the produced product to be 0-0.2 thousandth, not only can expand the temperature cycle range of the optical cable to-60 ℃ to +80 ℃, but also improves the consistency and controllability of the optical fiber indexes in mechanical performance tests such as stretching, repeated bending, flattening and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical signal transmission in the mobile communication system technology, in particular to a layer stranded optical cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of digital industrialization, the intelligent ubiquitous information infrastructure is supported importantly, the construction of base stations is continuously increased, and new requirements on the demand of optical cables and the product quality are provided. In order to solve the possible problems of mechanical performance and temperature circulation of the optical cable, the consistency of the actual excess length of the optical cable becomes a crucial parameter index, how to achieve the consistency of the excess length of the optical fibers in the optical cable, complete crystallization of the PBT loose tube and reduction of shrinkage after the crystallization is achieved to the greatest extent becomes a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a layer stranded optical cable for solving the existing problems.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the layer stranded optical cable.
The invention relates to a layer-stranded optical cable, which comprises a reinforcing member positioned in the center of the optical cable, wherein a plurality of optical fiber units are uniformly distributed around the reinforcing member to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in the gap of the cable core, two layers of binding yarns are alternately wound outside the cable core for fixing, and a metal armor layer is wrapped outside the binding yarns and then an outer sheath is extruded; the optical fiber unit comprises a PBT loose tube, a plurality of optical fibers are arranged in the PBT loose tube, and a gap between the PBT loose tube and the optical fibers is filled with fiber paste.
Further improved, the length error of the optical fibers is 0-0.2 per mill.
A preparation method of a layer stranded optical cable comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, coloring the optical fibers by a coloring machine and a coloring mold, wherein the coloring mold is connected with an ink tank through an air pipe and provides stable pressure through an air valve;
2) placing optical fiber discs which are received by optical fibers with different colors on an optical fiber pay-off device according to the requirement of setting the number of the optical fibers, paying off the optical fibers by the optical fiber pay-off device to enter an oil gun for filling fiber paste, and simultaneously carrying out temperature control treatment on the fiber paste;
3) after the optical fibers with different colors are filled with the fiber paste, extruding the PBT loose tubes outside the optical fibers by an extruding machine together, and then carrying out high-temperature crystallization treatment on the PBT loose tubes to form a single optical fiber unit;
4) a plurality of optical fiber units are wound around the reinforcing member and are subjected to SZ twisting to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in a gap, and the twisted cable core is fixed by cross wrapping of two layers of binding yarns and then is collected on a turnover disc;
5) the cable core is released through the pay-off rack, the metal strips are longitudinally wrapped and overlapped to form a metal armor layer, then the machine head of the plastic extruding machine is carried out, the machine head extrudes the sheath material on the metal armor layer through the mold core and the mold sleeve to form an outer sheath, finally the optical cable is formed, and the optical cable is cooled and then is collected on the disc tool.
Further preferably, the optical fiber pay-off device in the step 2) comprises a disc, a gas converter with a one-inlet-multiple-outlet structure is arranged in the center of the disc, a control compass which is located on the disc and used for stringing is arranged on the outer side of the gas converter, and a plurality of pay-off mechanisms are equidistantly, equi-length and equiangularly arranged on the disc in a surrounding distribution mode by taking a gas bag as the center; the pay-off mechanism comprises a guide wheel, a tension control wheel and an optical fiber pay-off rack which are arranged from inside to outside in sequence and are arranged on the same horizontal plane;
each air outlet end of the gas converter is connected with the tension control wheel through an air pipe, and the air inlet end of the gas converter is connected with the opening and closing control air valve through the air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve is connected with a constant pressure air bag through an air pipe, the constant pressure air bag is provided with a pressure regulating valve, and the constant pressure air bag is connected with the oil-water separator through the air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve and the pressure regulating valve are respectively connected with the host through power lines;
a plurality of optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch lines and a plurality of power supply control branch lines are respectively erected on the control compass; each optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch line is correspondingly connected with an optical fiber pay-off rack, and each power supply control branch line is correspondingly connected with a pressure compensating air bag;
the speed control branch lines of the optical fiber pay-off racks are connected with a host through an optical fiber pay-off rack speed control bus, so that the host can control the optical fiber pay-off racks;
the plurality of power supply control branch lines are connected with the optical fiber pressure compensation control valve through a power supply control bus, and the optical fiber pressure compensation control valve is connected with the host through a power supply line to realize the control of the pressure compensation air bag;
according to the requirement of the optical fiber paying-off tension, corresponding tension and required tolerance are set on the host, the host carries out pressure regulation by controlling the pressure of the constant-pressure air bag, when the air pressure of the optical fiber paying-off rack exceeds the lower limit of the early warning range, the host transmits a signal to the optical fiber pressure compensation control valve, starts the pressure compensation air bag to carry out pressure compensation according to the specified optical fiber paying-off rack, and when the air pressure of the single optical fiber paying-off rack exceeds the upper limit of the early warning range, the host transmits the signal to the pressure regulating valve of the pressure-stabilizing air bag to reduce the air pressure, so that the pressure regulation of the optical fiber paying-off is realized.
Further optimizing, the oil gun in the step 2) comprises an oil gun seat and an oil needle;
a paste storage cavity is arranged in the grease gun seat, and a wire inlet pipeline and a wire outlet pipeline which are communicated with the paste storage cavity are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the paste storage cavity; the periphery of the outer side of the paste storage cavity is connected with transmission pipelines penetrating through the oil gun seat, and each transmission pipeline is provided with a control valve;
the oil needle comprises a fiber paste transition pipe positioned in the center of the oil needle, a plurality of optical fiber transition pipes are distributed around the fiber paste transition pipe at equal intervals, each optical fiber transition pipe is connected with a fiber paste storage bin through a fiber paste transmission pipeline, and the fiber paste enters the optical fiber transition pipe through the fiber paste storage bin;
each optical fiber transition pipe is inserted into the wire inlet pipeline and connected through a thread structure, so that butt joint of the oil gun seat and the oil needle is realized;
the optical fiber transition pipe is filled with the fiber paste, the fiber paste for the optical fiber is pre-filled, then the optical fiber transition pipe enters the oil gun seat, the fiber paste enters the paste storage cavity through the control valve through the transmission pipeline, and the optical fiber is filled with the fiber paste through the paste storage cavity and then is injected into the PBT loose sleeve through the outlet pipeline.
Further preferably, the oil gun is further connected with an external conveying pipeline for carrying out temperature control treatment on the fiber paste, the conveying pipeline comprises an inner pipe for conveying the fiber paste and an outer pipe for conveying hot air, and one end of the outer pipe, which is opposite to the oil gun, is connected with a paste supply barrel; the upper part and the lower part of the outer pipe are respectively provided with a hot air input end and a hot air output end which are respectively connected with the constant temperature heater to form a closed loop circulation pipeline, a temperature measurer is arranged in the outer pipe and transmits real-time temperature to a host, the host sets the temperature control range to be 40 +/-3 ℃, and when the test temperature is higher than 43 ℃, the host transmits signals to the constant temperature heater to reduce the temperature setting; when the test temperature is higher than 37 ℃, the host transmits a signal to the constant temperature heater to increase the temperature setting; the temperature stability when the fine cream of pipeline transmission is realized through heat conduction.
Further optimizing, the PBT loose tube in the step 3) is subjected to cold air instead of water cooling crystallization treatment, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: extruding the PBT loose tube into a tube shape, then entering an immersion hot water tank with the water temperature of 65 +/-5 ℃ to finish the crystallization of the PBT for the first time, then sequentially passing through a blow-drying device and a steering wheel, entering a hot air flow circulation tank, and removing water beads on the surface of the PBT loose tube; and (2) before entering a refrigeration pipeline, the PBT loose tube enters the blow-drying device again to be blown dry, and then enters the refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline is air-cooled, the temperature of a circulating pipeline is 18 +/-2 ℃, water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube are treated again on the basis of realizing sufficient crystallization, and finally crystallization treatment is finished.
Further optimize, the length of fine cream transition pipe is 1mm less than optic fibre transition pipe, and fine cream transition pipe is short in optic fibre transition pipe and when making optic fibre go out optic fibre transition pipe, has fine cream to distribute in inside promptly, has reduced many optic fibres and has tied a bundle to the center to this has reduced the static that a plurality of optic fibres unwrapping wire in-process produced and the influence of relative friction to tension, has improved the homogeneity of optic fibre extra length, has stopped simultaneously that optic fibre unwrapping wire in-process and fine cream transition pipe friction lead to the possibility of disconnected fine.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the optical fiber pay-off device is arranged and is of a disc structure, the optical fiber pay-off device comprises N optical fiber pay-off frames, each optical fiber pay-off frame is connected with a bus on a control compass through an optical fiber pay-off frame speed control branch line, the optical fiber pay-off frame speed control bus on the control compass is connected with a host, and therefore the speed of the optical fiber pay-off frames can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the host; meanwhile, the optical fiber pay-off device comprises N tension control wheels for tension control, and is provided with N corresponding guide wheels, the angles, distances, guides and configurations of the N optical fiber pay-off frames, the tension control wheels and the guide wheels are all consistent, and equal length, equal distance and equal friction of optical fiber pay-off can be realized; the N tension control wheels are connected with the gas converter through gas pipes, the gas pipes are also equidistant, equal in length and equal in angle, the consistent paths and the consistent lengths realize the consistency of gas pressure, the gas converter is connected with an opening and closing control gas valve through the gas pipes, the opening and closing control gas valve is connected with a constant-pressure gas bag through the gas pipes, a pressure regulating valve is mounted on the constant-pressure gas bag, the constant-pressure gas bag is connected with an oil-water separator through the gas pipes, so that the gas purity and the stability of gas pressure are ensured, and a main machine is connected with the opening and closing control gas valve and the pressure regulating valve through a power line; the main machine controls the tension switch by controlling the opening and closing control air valve and controls the tension by controlling the pressure regulating valve; the tension control wheel is connected with an optical fiber pay-off tension display of the host machine through a power line, the optical fiber pay-off tension display can display the real-time tension of the optical fiber pay-off rack, when the tension of the single optical fiber pay-off rack exceeds the lower limit of the early warning range, the host transmits a pressure supplementing signal to the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valve) through a power line, wherein the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valve comprises N pressure supplementing valves which respectively correspond to N optical fiber pay-off racks, the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valve is connected with a pressure supplementing air bag through the power line, the pressure supplementing air bag is connected with a tension control wheel through an air pipe, and the tension is supplemented through air pressure increase, when the tension of the optical fiber pay-off rack is displayed within the early warning range, the host transmits a pressure supplementing stopping signal to a pressure supplementing valve corresponding to the pay-off rack in the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valve through a power line, the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valve is closed, and the pressure supplementing air bag stops supplementing pressure; when the tension of the single optical fiber pay-off rack exceeds the upper limit of the early warning range, the host machine controls the pressure regulating valve to increase the pressure of the pressure regulating valve, 1-N distribution of the same pressure stabilizing air bag is realized through the gas converter, the uniformity of the pressure of a single element is improved through the 1-N distribution, and the N optical fiber pay-off racks are simultaneously pressurized.
The viscosity of the fiber paste is increased along with the reduction of the temperature, the flowability is reduced, the viscosity and the flowability of the fiber paste influence the consistency of excess length in the optical fiber filling process and the optical fiber sliding after the loose tube is formed, in order to reduce the influence of temperature difference on the fiber paste, a conveying pipeline is arranged, a double-layer structure is adopted, an inner pipe conveys the ointment, an outer pipe conveys hot air, the upper part and the lower part of the outer pipe are respectively provided with a hot air leading-in end and a hot air leading-out end which are respectively connected with a constant temperature heater to form a closed loop circulation pipeline, a temperature measurer is arranged in the outer pipe and conveys the real-time temperature to a host, the host sets the temperature control range to be 40 +/-3 ℃, and when the test temperature is higher than 43 ℃, the host conveys a signal to the constant temperature heater to reduce the temperature; when the test temperature is higher than 37 ℃, the host transmits a signal to the constant temperature heater to increase the temperature setting; the temperature stability when the fine cream of pipeline transmission is realized through heat conduction.
Due to the arrangement of the oil gun, the fiber paste pre-filling of the optical fibers is realized, the influence of static electricity and relative friction generated in the paying-off process of the optical fibers on tension is reduced, and the uniformity of the excess length of the optical fibers is improved. The fiber paste transition pipe is 1mm less than the optical fiber transition pipe, and the fiber paste transition pipe is shorter than the optical fiber transition pipe so that when the optical fiber goes out of the optical fiber transition pipe, the fiber paste is distributed in the fiber paste transition pipe, the bundling of a plurality of optical fibers to the center is reduced, the influence of static electricity and relative friction generated in the paying-off process of the optical fibers on tension is reduced, the uniformity of the surplus length of the optical fibers is improved, and the possibility of fiber breakage caused by friction between the optical fiber paying-off process and the fiber paste transition pipe is avoided.
Air cooling is used for replacing water cooling to realize full crystallization of the PBT loose tube; cold air is used for replacing water cooling, so that the influence of water resistance in the water cooling process and water reverse formed in the water flow process on the forming of the excess length of the PBT loose tube is avoided, and the consistency of the excess length is improved; the constant temperature refrigerator is adopted to supply air to the refrigeration pipeline, so that the problem of water temperature difference in water cooling is solved, and the consistency of temperature in the refrigeration process is improved, so that the consistency of the surplus length is improved; meanwhile, the refrigeration pipeline adopts circulating refrigeration, and injected cold air is filtered by the dryer and then enters the constant-temperature refrigerator, so that the circulation utilization is realized, the dryness of the gas is ensured, and the influence of residual moisture on the surface of the PBT loose tube on the next procedure is avoided; air cooling replaces water cooling, so that impurities and water scale in water are prevented from remaining on a bearing of the steering wheel to generate resistance and friction, stress consistency in the crystallization process of the PBT loose tube is guaranteed, and consistency of excess length is improved; replace water-cooling with the forced air cooling, not only avoided a series of possibilities that produce the drop of water such as condensation, residue on traditional water-cooling process PBT pine cover pipe surface, the length that will weather simultaneously prolongs to whole forced air cooling route from traditional device that weathers, produces and eliminates two links from the drop of water and goes up control, has realized that the PBT pine cover surface after the shaping does not contain the drop of water.
In conclusion, the invention realizes consistent excess length of optical fibers in the tube and complete crystallization of the PBT loose tube by modifying an optical fiber pay-off device, an oil needle and PBT loose tube crystallization device and optimizing the process, reduces shrinkage after tube sheathing, controls the excess length of the produced product to be 0-0.2 per thousand, can expand the temperature cycle range of the optical cable to-60 ℃ to +80 ℃, and simultaneously improves the consistency and controllability of optical fiber indexes in mechanical performance tests such as stretching, repeated bending, flattening and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of an optical fiber pay-off device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the oil gun seat of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the oil needle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the transfer line apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the crystallization apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a layer stranded optical cable, which comprises a reinforcing member 1 positioned in the center of the optical cable, a plurality of optical fiber units are uniformly distributed around the reinforcing member to form a cable core, cable paste 2 is filled in the gap of the cable core, two layers of binding yarns 3 are alternately wound outside the cable core for fixing, a metal armor layer 4 is wrapped outside the binding yarns, and then an outer sheath 8 is extruded; the optical fiber unit comprises a PBT loose tube 5, a plurality of optical fibers 6 are arranged in the PBT loose tube, and a gap between the PBT loose tube and the optical fibers is filled with fiber paste 7.
The length error of the optical fibers is 0-0.2 per mill.
A preparation method of a layer stranded optical cable comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, coloring the optical fibers by a coloring machine and a coloring mold, wherein the coloring mold is connected with an ink tank through an air pipe and provides stable pressure through an air valve;
2) placing optical fiber discs which are received by optical fibers with different colors on an optical fiber pay-off device according to the requirement of setting the number of the optical fibers, paying off the optical fibers by the optical fiber pay-off device to enter an oil gun for filling fiber paste, and simultaneously carrying out temperature control treatment on the fiber paste;
3) after the optical fibers with different colors are filled with the fiber paste, extruding the PBT loose tubes outside the optical fibers by an extruding machine together, and then carrying out cold air instead of water cooling crystallization treatment on the PBT loose tubes to form a single optical fiber unit;
4) a plurality of optical fiber units are wound around the reinforcing member and are subjected to SZ twisting to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in a gap, and the twisted cable core is fixed by cross wrapping of two layers of binding yarns and then is collected on a turnover disc;
5) the cable core is released through the pay-off rack, the metal strips are longitudinally wrapped and overlapped to form a metal armor layer, then the machine head of the plastic extruding machine is carried out, the machine head extrudes the sheath material on the metal armor layer through the mold core and the mold sleeve to form an outer sheath, finally the optical cable is formed, and the optical cable is cooled and then is collected on the disc tool.
Example (b):
a preparation method of a layer stranded optical cable comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, coloring the optical fibers by a coloring machine and a coloring mold, wherein the coloring mold is connected with an ink tank through an air pipe and provides stable pressure through an air valve;
2) placing optical fiber discs which are received by optical fibers with different colors on an optical fiber pay-off device according to the requirement of setting the number of the optical fibers, paying off the optical fibers by the optical fiber pay-off device to enter an oil gun for filling fiber paste, and simultaneously carrying out temperature control treatment on the fiber paste;
as shown in fig. 2, the optical fiber pay-off device comprises a disc, a gas converter 9 with a one-inlet-multiple-outlet structure is arranged in the center of the disc, a control compass 10 for stringing is arranged on the outer side of the gas converter and located on the disc, and a plurality of pay-off mechanisms are equidistantly, equi-distantly and equiangularly arranged on the disc in a surrounding distribution manner by taking a gas bag as the center; the pay-off mechanism comprises a guide wheel 11, a tension control wheel 12 and an optical fiber pay-off rack 13 which are arranged from inside to outside in sequence and are on the same horizontal plane;
each air outlet end of the gas converter is connected with a tension control wheel for tension control through an air pipe, and the air inlet end of the gas converter is connected with an opening and closing control air valve 14 through an air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve is connected with a constant-pressure air bag 15 through an air pipe, a pressure regulating valve 16 is installed on the constant-pressure air bag, the constant-pressure air bag is connected with an oil-water separator 17 through the air pipe, so that the purity of gas and the stability of air pressure are guaranteed, an optical fiber pay-off rack tension display is installed on the host machine, and a pressure supplementing device is controlled through an optical fiber pressure supplementing valve to supplement pressure to the optical fiber pay-off rack, so that the tension is regulated on line; the opening and closing control air valve and the pressure regulating valve are respectively connected with a host machine 18 through power lines, the host machine controls the opening and closing of tension by controlling the opening and closing control air valve, and controls the magnitude of the tension by controlling the pressure regulating valve;
a plurality of optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch lines and a plurality of power supply control branch lines are respectively erected on the control compass; each optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch line is correspondingly connected with an optical fiber pay-off rack, and each power supply control branch line is correspondingly connected with a pressure compensating air bag 19;
the plurality of optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch lines are connected with the host through the optical fiber pay-off rack speed control bus, so that the speed of the optical fiber pay-off rack can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the host;
the plurality of power supply control branch lines are connected with an optical fiber pressure compensation control valve 20 through a power supply control bus, and the optical fiber pressure compensation control valve is connected with a host through a power supply line to realize the control of the pressure compensation air bag;
according to the requirement of the optical fiber paying-off tension, corresponding tension and required tolerance are set on a host, the host carries out pressure regulation by controlling the pressure of a constant-pressure air bag, when the air pressure of an optical fiber paying-off rack exceeds the lower limit of an early warning range, the host transmits a signal to an optical fiber pressure compensation control valve, starts the pressure compensation air bag to carry out pressure compensation according to a specified optical fiber paying-off rack, and when the air pressure of a single optical fiber paying-off rack exceeds the upper limit of the early warning range, the host transmits the signal to a pressure regulating valve of a pressure-stabilizing air bag to regulate the air pressure, so that the pressure regulation of optical fiber paying-off is realized;
in addition, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the oil gun includes an oil gun holder 22 and an oil needle 23;
a paste storage cavity 24 is formed in the grease gun seat 22, and a wire inlet pipeline 25 and a wire outlet pipeline 26 which are communicated with the paste storage cavity are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the paste storage cavity; the periphery of the outer side of the paste storage cavity is connected with transmission pipelines 27 penetrating through the oil gun seat, and each transmission pipeline is provided with a control valve 28;
the oil needle 23 comprises a fiber paste transition pipe 29 positioned in the center of the oil needle, a plurality of optical fiber transition pipes 30 are equidistantly distributed around the fiber paste transition pipe, each optical fiber transition pipe is connected with a fiber paste storage bin 31 through a fiber paste transmission pipeline 32, and the fiber paste enters the optical fiber transition pipe through the fiber paste storage bin;
after each optical fiber transition pipe is inserted into the wire inlet pipeline, the oil gun seat is connected with the oil needle through a thread structure, and the butt joint of the oil gun seat and the oil needle is realized;
the optical fiber transition pipe is filled with the fiber paste, so that the pre-filling of the fiber paste of the optical fiber is realized, then the pre-filled optical fiber paste enters the grease gun seat, the fiber paste enters the paste storage cavity through the control valve through the transmission pipeline, and the optical fiber is filled with the fiber paste through the paste storage cavity and then is injected into the PBT loose sleeve through the outlet pipeline;
as shown in fig. 5, the oil gun is further connected to an external transfer pipeline device for performing temperature control processing on the fiber paste, and the transfer pipeline device is communicated with the paste storage cavity, the transfer pipeline device comprises an inner pipe 32 for transferring the fiber paste and an outer pipe 33 for transferring hot air, and one end of the outer pipe opposite to the oil gun is connected to a paste supply barrel 34; the upper part and the lower part of the outer pipe are respectively provided with a hot air input end 35 and a hot air output end 36, the hot air input end and the hot air output end are respectively connected with the constant temperature heater to form a closed loop circulation pipeline, a temperature measurer 37 is arranged in the outer pipe and transmits real-time temperature to a host, the host sets the temperature control range to be 40 +/-3 ℃, and when the test temperature is higher than 43 ℃, the host transmits signals to the constant temperature heater to reduce the temperature; when the test temperature is higher than 37 ℃, the host transmits a signal to the constant temperature heater to increase the temperature setting; the temperature stability of the pipeline during the transmission of the fiber paste is realized through heat conduction;
3) after the optical fibers with different colors are filled with the fiber paste, the PBT loose tubes are extruded outside the optical fibers together through an extruding machine, and then the PBT loose tubes are crystallized to form single optical fiber units;
wherein, replace water-cooling crystallization processing with cold wind to the PBT pine sleeve pipe, specifically do: extruding the PBT loose tube into a tube shape, then entering an immersion hot water tank with the water temperature of 65 +/-5 ℃ to finish the crystallization of the PBT for the first time, then sequentially passing through a blow-drying device and a steering wheel, entering a hot air flow circulation tank, and removing water beads on the surface of the PBT loose tube; before entering a refrigeration pipeline, the PBT loose tube enters a blow-drying device again for blow-drying treatment, and then enters the refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline is air-cooled, the temperature of a circulating pipeline is 18 +/-2 ℃, water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube are treated again on the basis of realizing full crystallization, and finally crystallization treatment is finished;
4) a plurality of optical fiber units are wound outside the reinforcing member and subjected to SZ stranding to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in a gap, and the stranded cable core is fixed by cross lapping of two layers of binding yarns and then is collected on a turnover disc;
5) the cable core is released through the pay-off rack, the metal strips are longitudinally wrapped and overlapped to form a metal armor layer, then the machine head of the plastic extruding machine is carried out, the machine head extrudes the sheath material on the metal armor layer through the mold core and the mold sleeve to form an outer sheath, finally the optical cable is formed, and the optical cable is cooled and then is collected on the disc tool.
It should be noted that the angles, distances, guides and configurations of the plurality of optical fiber pay-off frames, the tension control wheels and the guide wheels in the step 2) are all consistent, so that equal length, equal distance and equal friction of optical fiber pay-off can be realized; the air pipes connected between the tension control wheel and the gas converter are also equidistant, equal in length and equal in angle, and the consistent path and length realize the consistency of gas pressure.
In the step 3), the PBT loose tube is crystallized by a temperature difference method, so that the extra length is controlled; as shown in fig. 6, the high temperature crystallization device adopts a two-stage layered design, the lower layer is designed to be an immersion hot water tank 38, the water temperature is 65 ℃ +/-5 ℃, the immersion hot water tank is designed to promote rapid crystallization of the PBT, and meanwhile, the PBT material which just comes out of the machine head and has high temperature is rapidly radiated to reduce heat accumulation; the upper layer is designed as a hot air flow circulating groove 39, stable hot air flow of 65 +/-5 ℃ is provided for the hot air flow circulating groove through a constant temperature heater 40, equivalent air flow is provided at the upper end and the lower end of the hot air flow circulating groove through a hot air output pipeline 41 respectively, hot air flow is sprayed out through a plurality of hot air output spray heads, the uniform distribution of the plurality of hot air output spray heads from the upper end to the lower end and the left end to the right end maintains the uniformity and stability of the temperature of each section in the whole hot air flow circulating groove, the sprayed hot air flow flows into a dryer 42 through a hot air recovery pipeline, so that the dryness of the air in the hot air flow circulating groove is ensured, and the dried hot air is recovered to the constant temperature heater to form a circulating link; the hot water tank outlet and the hot air circulation tank inlet are respectively provided with a blow-drying device 43 for removing water drops on the surface of the PBT loose sleeve, the hot air circulation tank inlet is additionally provided with a water accumulation tank and a water discharge pipeline for discharging the water drops, and the increase of the humidity in the hot air circulation tank caused by the volatilization of the water drops is reduced (if the PBT loose sleeve surface contains the water drops on the cabling sheath, the water drops can remain at the cable core and easily cause the corrosion of the metal armor layer for a long time, if the cable core has a water blocking element, the water blocking element can easily cause the water expansion of the water blocking element, so that the water blocking performance is weakened, and meanwhile, the contact of OH < - > with the optical fiber easily causes a series of problems of the increase of the optical fiber attenuation, the shortening of the service life and the like); and (3) before entering a refrigeration pipeline, entering a blow-drying device again for blow-drying treatment, then entering the refrigeration pipeline, wherein the refrigeration pipeline adopts a constant condenser 44, the temperature of a circulating pipeline is 18 +/-2 ℃, and water drops on the surface of the PBT loose sleeve are treated again on the basis of realizing sufficient crystallization, so that the crystallization treatment is finally completed.
In conclusion, the invention realizes consistent excess length of optical fibers in the tube and complete crystallization of the PBT loose tube by modifying an optical fiber pay-off device, an oil needle and PBT loose tube crystallization device and optimizing the process, reduces shrinkage after tube sheathing, controls the excess length of the produced product to be 0-0.2 per thousand, can expand the temperature cycle range of the optical cable to-60 ℃ to +80 ℃, and simultaneously improves the consistency and controllability of optical fiber indexes in mechanical performance tests such as stretching, repeated bending, flattening and the like.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A layer stranded cable, characterized in that: the cable comprises a reinforcing member positioned in the center of the optical cable, a plurality of optical fiber units are uniformly distributed around the reinforcing member to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in the gap of the cable core, two layers of binding yarns are wound outside the cable core in a crossed manner for fixing, and a metal armor layer is wrapped outside the binding yarns and then an outer sheath is extruded; the optical fiber unit comprises a PBT loose tube, a plurality of optical fibers are arranged in the PBT loose tube, and a gap between the PBT loose tube and the optical fibers is filled with fiber paste.
2. The layer-stranded optical cable of claim 1, wherein the length error of the plurality of optical fibers is 0-0.2%.
3. The method for preparing a layer stranded optical cable according to any one of claims 1-2, comprising the steps of:
1) firstly, coloring the optical fibers by a coloring machine and a coloring mold, wherein the coloring mold is connected with an ink tank through an air pipe and provides stable pressure through an air valve;
2) placing optical fiber discs which are received by optical fibers with different colors on an optical fiber pay-off device according to the requirement of setting the number of the optical fibers, paying off the optical fibers by the optical fiber pay-off device to enter an oil gun for filling fiber paste, and simultaneously carrying out temperature control treatment on the fiber paste;
3) after the optical fibers with different colors are filled with the fiber paste, extruding the PBT loose tubes outside the optical fibers by an extruding machine together, and then carrying out high-temperature crystallization treatment on the PBT loose tubes to form a single optical fiber unit;
4) a plurality of optical fiber units are wound around the reinforcing member and are subjected to SZ twisting to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in a gap, and the twisted cable core is fixed by cross wrapping of two layers of binding yarns and then is collected on a turnover disc;
5) the cable core is released through the pay-off rack, the metal strips are longitudinally wrapped and overlapped to form a metal armor layer, then the machine head of the plastic extruding machine is carried out, the machine head extrudes the sheath material on the metal armor layer through the mold core and the mold sleeve to form an outer sheath, finally the optical cable is formed, and the optical cable is cooled and then is collected on the disc tool.
4. The method of manufacturing a layer-stranded optical cable according to claim 3, wherein: the optical fiber pay-off device in the step 2) comprises a disc, wherein a gas converter with a one-inlet-multiple-outlet structure is arranged in the center of the disc, a control compass which is located on the disc and used for stringing is arranged on the outer side of the gas converter, and a plurality of pay-off mechanisms are equidistantly, equi-distantly and equiangularly arranged on the disc in a surrounding distribution mode by taking a gas bag as the center; the pay-off mechanism comprises a guide wheel, a tension control wheel and an optical fiber pay-off rack which are arranged from inside to outside in sequence and are arranged on the same horizontal plane;
each air outlet end of the gas converter is connected with the tension control wheel through an air pipe, and the air inlet end of the gas converter is connected with the opening and closing control air valve through the air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve is connected with a constant pressure air bag through an air pipe, the constant pressure air bag is provided with a pressure regulating valve, and the constant pressure air bag is connected with the oil-water separator through the air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve and the pressure regulating valve are respectively connected with the host through power lines;
a plurality of optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch lines and a plurality of power supply control branch lines are respectively erected on the control compass; each optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch line is correspondingly connected with an optical fiber pay-off rack, and each power supply control branch line is correspondingly connected with a pressure compensating air bag;
the plurality of optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch lines are connected with a host through an optical fiber pay-off rack speed control bus, so that the host can control the optical fiber pay-off rack;
the plurality of power supply control branch lines are connected with the optical fiber pressure compensation control valve through a power supply control bus, and the optical fiber pressure compensation control valve is connected with the host through a power supply line to realize the control of the pressure compensation air bag;
according to the requirement of the optical fiber paying-off tension, corresponding tension and required tolerance are set on the host, the host carries out pressure regulation by controlling the pressure of the constant-pressure air bag, when the air pressure of the optical fiber paying-off rack exceeds the lower limit of the early warning range, the host transmits a signal to the optical fiber pressure compensation control valve, starts the pressure compensation air bag to carry out pressure compensation according to the specified optical fiber paying-off rack, and when the air pressure of the single optical fiber paying-off rack exceeds the upper limit of the early warning range, the host transmits the signal to the pressure regulating valve of the pressure-stabilizing air bag to reduce the air pressure, so that the pressure regulation of the optical fiber paying-off is realized.
5. The method of manufacturing a layer-stranded optical cable according to claim 3, wherein: the oil gun in the step 2) comprises an oil gun seat and an oil needle;
a paste storage cavity is arranged in the grease gun seat, and a wire inlet pipeline and a wire outlet pipeline which are communicated with the paste storage cavity are respectively arranged at the front side and the rear side of the paste storage cavity; the periphery of the outer side of the paste storage cavity is connected with transmission pipelines penetrating through the oil gun seat, and each transmission pipeline is provided with a control valve;
the oil needle comprises a fiber paste transition pipe positioned in the center of the oil needle, a plurality of optical fiber transition pipes are distributed around the fiber paste transition pipe at equal intervals, each optical fiber transition pipe is connected with a fiber paste storage bin through a fiber paste transmission pipeline, and the fiber paste enters the optical fiber transition pipe through the fiber paste storage bin;
each optical fiber transition pipe is inserted into the wire inlet pipeline and connected through a thread structure, so that butt joint of the oil gun seat and the oil needle is realized;
the optical fiber transition pipe is filled with the fiber paste, the fiber paste for the optical fiber is pre-filled, then the optical fiber transition pipe enters the oil gun seat, the fiber paste enters the paste storage cavity through the control valve through the transmission pipeline, and the optical fiber is filled with the fiber paste through the paste storage cavity and then is injected into the PBT loose sleeve through the outlet pipeline.
6. The method for preparing a layer-stranded optical cable according to claim 5, wherein: the oil gun is also connected with an external conveying pipeline for carrying out temperature control treatment on the fiber paste, the conveying pipeline comprises an inner pipe for conveying the fiber paste and an outer pipe for conveying hot air, and one end of the outer pipe, which is opposite to the oil gun, is connected with a paste supply barrel; the upper part and the lower part of the outer pipe are respectively provided with a hot air input end and a hot air output end which are respectively connected with the constant temperature heater to form a closed loop circulation pipeline, a temperature measurer is arranged in the outer pipe and transmits real-time temperature to a host, the host sets the temperature control range to be 40 +/-3 ℃, and when the test temperature is higher than 43 ℃, the host transmits signals to the constant temperature heater to reduce the temperature setting; when the test temperature is higher than 37 ℃, the host transmits a signal to the constant temperature heater to increase the temperature setting.
7. The method of manufacturing a layer-stranded optical cable according to claim 3, wherein: the PBT loose tube is subjected to cold air-cooling-replaced crystallization treatment in the step 3), and the method specifically comprises the following steps: extruding the PBT loose tube into a tube shape, then entering an immersion hot water tank with the water temperature of 65 +/-5 ℃ to finish the crystallization of the PBT for the first time, then sequentially passing through a blow-drying device and a steering wheel, entering a hot air flow circulation tank, and removing water beads on the surface of the PBT loose tube; and (2) before entering a refrigeration pipeline, the PBT loose tube enters the blow-drying device again to be blown dry, and then enters the refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline is air-cooled, the temperature of a circulating pipeline is 18 +/-2 ℃, water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube are treated again on the basis of realizing sufficient crystallization, and finally crystallization treatment is finished.
8. The method for preparing a layer-stranded optical cable according to claim 5, wherein: the length of the fiber paste transition pipe is 1mm shorter than that of the optical fiber transition pipe.
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| CN114721101B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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