CN114720069A - Safety monitoring system and method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment - Google Patents
Safety monitoring system and method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The application provides a safety monitoring system and a method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, which comprises the following steps: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information. The safety monitoring system for the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment provided by the invention can monitor the hydrogen leakage of the pipeline in real time, can monitor real-time signals of temperature, vibration and hydrogen concentration in the safety monitoring of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, can better reflect the health condition of the equipment, monitors whether potential safety hazards of hydrogen leakage and hydrogen permeation exist or not, and eliminates the potential safety hazards in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of safety monitoring of hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, in particular to a safety monitoring system and method of hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment.
Background
The hydrogen energy is an ideal clean energy with high energy density and no pollution, and can be directly obtained from fossil raw materials or prepared by water electrolysis as a secondary energy. The development of hydrogen energy economy can reduce the emission of greenhouse gases and fine particles, realize energy diversification, and take hydrogen energy as the strategic development direction of future new energy in various national regions throughout the world.
At present, hydrogen energy storage and transportation in China are mainly carried out in a high-pressure gaseous state, and gas hydrogen transportation mainly comprises long-tube trailer and pipeline transportation. In the long-term pipeline transportation process, hydrogen seepage and hydrogen leakage are easy to occur due to the small molecular weight of hydrogen. Meanwhile, the hydrogen concentration is 4% -73% and the hydrogen is exploded when meeting open fire, which brings challenges to safe hydrogen utilization, and the traditional active electronic hydrogen sensor is easy to corrode and work normally in long-term use and is difficult to realize large-scale networking reuse. A set of real-time online distributed monitoring system for monitoring the safety of hydrogen leakage and hydrogen permeation of pipelines is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provides a safety monitoring system and a method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, which can monitor pipeline hydrogen leakage in real time, can monitor real-time signals of temperature, vibration and hydrogen concentration in the safety monitoring of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, can better reflect the health condition of the equipment and monitor whether potential safety hazards of hydrogen leakage and hydrogen permeation exist.
In order to achieve the above technical object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, including:
a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse;
the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving the detection pulse and reflecting a reflection signal;
and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflection signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the hydrogen energy warehousing and transportation equipment safety monitoring system includes: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving the detection pulse and reflecting a reflection signal; and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflection signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information. The hydrogen leakage of the pipeline can be monitored in real time, in the safety monitoring of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the multi-parameter distributed simultaneous monitoring is carried out on the characteristic indexes of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, such as temperature, vibration, hydrogen concentration and the like, the health condition of the equipment can be better reflected, and whether potential safety hazards of hydrogen leakage and hydrogen permeation exist or not is monitored.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the probe pulse generating device comprises:
the tunable laser light source is used for emitting tunable laser;
the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with the tunable laser light source and used for modulating the tunable laser to obtain a first pulse signal;
a narrow linewidth laser light source for emitting narrow linewidth laser light;
the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the narrow linewidth laser light source and used for modulating the narrow linewidth laser to obtain a second pulse signal;
and the first coupler is connected with the semiconductor optical amplifier and the acousto-optic modulator and is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain the detection pulse.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are pulse signals having the same frequency and a half-cycle difference, and the pulse signals pass through the first coupler to form the detection pulses that do not interfere with each other in a time domain.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment safety monitoring system further comprises:
the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is connected with the first coupler and is used for amplifying the detection pulse;
and the circulator is connected with the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the weak grating array coated with the hydrogen sensitive material.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the photodetector comprises:
a first photoelectric detector for receiving a first reflection signal reflected by the weak grating array receiving the first pulse signal in the detection pulse, demodulating the spectrum information in the first reflection signal, and demodulating the temperature information and the hydrogen concentration information according to the spectrum information
And the second photoelectric detector is used for receiving a second reflection signal which is reflected by the weak grating array and receives a second pulse signal in the detection pulse, and demodulating the second reflection signal to monitor a vibration signal between adjacent gratings.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment safety monitoring system further comprises: a second coupler connected with the circulator and the first photodetector;
a Mach-Zehnder interferometer connected to the second coupler;
and the 3-by-3 coupler is connected with the second photoelectric detector.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the number of the second photodetectors is 3.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the hydrogen sensitive material is a Pt/WO3 composite.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the grating coated with the weak grating array of the hydrogen sensitive material is a weak chirped grating, and the interval between the weak chirped gratings is 5 to 10 meters.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a safety monitoring method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, which comprises the following steps:
emitting tunable laser, and modulating the tunable laser through a semiconductor optical amplifier to obtain a first pulse signal;
emitting narrow linewidth laser, and modulating the narrow linewidth laser through an acousto-optic modulator to obtain a second pulse signal;
the first coupler is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain a detection pulse, and the detection pulse is sent to a weak grating array coated with a hydrogen sensitive material;
the weak grating array receives the detection pulse and reflects a reflection signal;
and receiving the reflection signal through a photoelectric detector, and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which the abstract is to be fully consistent with one of the figures of the specification:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety monitoring system of hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety monitoring system of hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a safety monitoring method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that although functional block divisions are provided in the system drawings and logical orders are shown in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps shown and described may be performed in different orders than the block divisions in the systems or in the flowcharts. The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, as well as in the drawings described above, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
The invention provides a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, which can monitor hydrogen leakage of a pipeline in real time, can monitor real-time signals of temperature, vibration and hydrogen concentration in the safety monitoring of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, can better reflect the health condition of the equipment, and can monitor whether potential safety hazards of hydrogen leakage and hydrogen permeation exist or not so as to timely treat the potential safety hazards.
The embodiments of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety monitoring system of hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
The safety monitoring system for the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, provided by the invention, can monitor the hydrogen leakage of the pipeline in real time, can monitor real-time signals of temperature, vibration and hydrogen concentration in the safety monitoring of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, can better reflect the health condition of the equipment, monitors whether potential safety hazards of hydrogen leakage and hydrogen permeation exist or not, and eliminates the potential safety hazards in time.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information; and the data acquisition device is connected with the photoelectric detector and is used for acquiring temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a safety monitoring system of hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
The detection pulse generating device includes: the tunable laser light source is used for emitting tunable laser; the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with the tunable laser light source and used for modulating tunable laser to obtain a first pulse signal; a narrow linewidth laser light source for emitting narrow linewidth laser light; the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the narrow-linewidth laser light source and used for modulating the narrow-linewidth laser to obtain a second pulse signal; and the first coupler is connected with the semiconductor optical amplifier and the acousto-optic modulator and is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain a detection pulse.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
The detection pulse generating device includes: the tunable laser light source is used for emitting tunable laser; the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with the tunable laser light source and used for modulating tunable laser to obtain a first pulse signal; a narrow linewidth laser light source for emitting narrow linewidth laser light; the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the narrow-linewidth laser light source and used for modulating the narrow-linewidth laser to obtain a second pulse signal; and the first coupler is connected with the semiconductor optical amplifier and the acousto-optic modulator and is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain a detection pulse. The first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are pulse signals which have the same frequency and are different by half a period, and form detection pulses which are not interfered with each other in a time domain after passing through the first coupler.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information; the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is connected with the first coupler and is used for amplifying the detection pulse; and the circulator is connected with the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the weak grating array coated with the hydrogen sensitive material.
The detection pulse generating device includes: the tunable laser light source is used for emitting tunable laser; the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with the tunable laser light source and used for modulating tunable laser to obtain a first pulse signal; a narrow linewidth laser light source for emitting narrow linewidth laser light; the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the narrow-linewidth laser light source and used for modulating the narrow-linewidth laser to obtain a second pulse signal; and the first coupler is connected with the semiconductor optical amplifier and the acousto-optic modulator and is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain a detection pulse.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information; the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is connected with the first coupler and is used for amplifying the detection pulse; and the circulator is connected with the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the weak grating array coated with the hydrogen sensitive material.
The detection pulse generating device includes: the tunable laser light source is used for emitting tunable laser; the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with the tunable laser light source and used for modulating tunable laser to obtain a first pulse signal; a narrow linewidth laser light source for emitting narrow linewidth laser light; the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the narrow-linewidth laser light source and used for modulating the narrow-linewidth laser to obtain a second pulse signal; and the first coupler is connected with the semiconductor optical amplifier and the acousto-optic modulator and is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain a detection pulse.
The photodetector includes: the first photoelectric detector is used for receiving a first pulse signal in the weak grating array receiving detection pulse and a first reflected signal reflected by the first pulse signal, demodulating spectrum information in the first reflected signal, demodulating temperature information and hydrogen concentration information according to the spectrum information, the second photoelectric detector is used for receiving a second pulse signal in the weak grating array receiving detection pulse and a second reflected signal reflected by the second pulse signal, and demodulating the second reflected signal to monitor a vibration signal between adjacent gratings.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information; the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is connected with the first coupler and is used for amplifying the detection pulse; the circulator is connected with the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the weak grating array coated with the hydrogen sensitive material; the second coupler is connected with the circulator and the first photoelectric detector; a Mach-Zehnder interferometer connected to the second coupler; and the 3-by-3 coupler is connected with the second photoelectric detector. The number of the second photodetectors may be 3, and of course, other numbers may be used, which is not limited by the embodiment.
The detection pulse generating device includes: the tunable laser light source is used for emitting tunable laser; the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with the tunable laser light source and used for modulating tunable laser to obtain a first pulse signal; a narrow linewidth laser light source for emitting narrow linewidth laser light; the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the narrow-linewidth laser light source and used for modulating the narrow-linewidth laser to obtain a second pulse signal; and the first coupler is connected with the semiconductor optical amplifier and the acousto-optic modulator and is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain a detection pulse.
The photodetector includes: the first photoelectric detector is used for receiving a first pulse signal in the weak grating array receiving detection pulse and a first reflected signal reflected by the first pulse signal, demodulating spectrum information in the first reflected signal, demodulating temperature information and hydrogen concentration information according to the spectrum information, the second photoelectric detector is used for receiving a second pulse signal in the weak grating array receiving detection pulse and a second reflected signal reflected by the second pulse signal, and demodulating the second reflected signal to monitor a vibration signal between adjacent gratings.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information. The hydrogen sensitive material is a Pt/WO3 composite material. Wherein WO3 is used as a hydrogen sensitive source, and the particle size of the WO3 is 50-500 nm; pt is used as a catalytic source, and the particle size of the Pt is 5-20 nm. The atomic ratio of Pt to W in the composite material is 1:5-1: 15; the Pt/WO3 is prepared into slurry with the concentration of 0.1g/ml-1g/ml through deionized water, and then the slurry is coated on the side surface of a grating and dried to form a hydrogen sensitive film, wherein the thickness of the Pt/WO3 sensitive film is 1 mu m-500 mu m.
In one embodiment, a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises: a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse; the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving detection pulses and reflecting a reflection signal; and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflected signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information. The grating of the weak grating array coated with the hydrogen sensitive material is a weak chirped grating, and the interval between the weak chirped gratings is 5 to 10 meters.
A grating array of hydrogen sensitive material is coated based on the spacing of the weakly chirped grating. The interval of the weak chirped grating coated with the hydrogen sensitive material is ten meters, and the weak chirped grating is used for measuring a hydrogen concentration signal; the interval of the weak chirped grating which is not coated with the hydrogen sensitive material is ten meters and is used for measuring a pipeline temperature signal; the interval of the whole weak chirped grating array is five meters, and the weak chirped grating array is used for measuring a vibration signal between two gratings. Wherein the reflectivity of the weak chirped grating is-52 dB, and the spectral width can be 1548 and 1552 nm.
The temperature measurement scheme, chirped grating, is one type of fiber grating, also having temperature sensitivity. The temperature characteristic of the fiber grating is embodied in that the drift amount of the bragg wavelength changes linearly with the temperature, which can be described as:
ΔλB＝(α+ζ)λBΔT＝αTλBΔT
in the formula, α and ζ represent the expansion coefficient and thermo-optic coefficient of the optical fiber, respectively. For a silica fused fiber:
α＝0.55×10-6/℃
ζ＝6.17×10-6/℃
namely, when the external temperature changes, the temperature coefficient is as follows:
α+ζ＝6.72×10-6/℃
therefore, for the chirped grating with the wavelength range of 1548-1552nm, when the temperature is changed by 1 ℃, the maximum wavelength drift amount is as follows:
Δλmax＝(α+ζ)λmaxΔT＝6.72×10-6×1552×1＝10.42pm/℃
the shift amount of the minimum wavelength is as follows:
Δλmin＝(α+ζ)λminΔT＝6.72×10-6×1548×1＝10.40pm/℃
and the bandwidth broadening of the chirped grating caused by temperature change, namely the relative drift amount of the maximum wavelength and the minimum wavelength is only:
Δλmax-Δλmin＝0.02pm/℃
therefore, when the temperature field changes, the spectrum of the chirped grating is considered to have no change, and only the whole shift of the spectrum of the chirped grating is generated.
The spectral drift of each weak grating is measured, and the temperature information of the environment can be obtained.
Vibration measurement scheme, when the vibration takes place, the optic fibre length and the optic fibre refracting index of vibration position department all can change:
ΔL＝L×Δε
Δn＝Cε×Δε
therefore, the vibration signal change is proportional to the phase change of the detection light, so that the vibration signal between the gratings can be detected by demodulating the phase difference information of the reflected light between the adjacent gratings.
Hydrogen measurement scheme
Due to WO3For H itself2It is not sensitive, and most researches adopt Pt/WO3As a hydrogen sensitive material. The hydrogen adsorbed on the surface of the hydrogen sensitive material is ionized into hydrogen ions as a catalyst, and the reaction formula is as follows:
the hydrogen ions will then react with WO3The oxygen atoms in the lattice form chemical bonds with the concomitant generation of free electrons. The reaction is as follows:
W03+xH+→HxW03+xh+ (2-2)
in this process, the free electrons react with WO3Part W of the lattice6+Ion binding to form W5+，W5+Higher affinity for hydrogen, promoting WO3Further with H2The reaction takes place and the compound formed is called copper tungsten hydride (H)xWO3). When the partial pressure of hydrogen in the environment decreases, the copper tungsten hydride starts to decompose, and the reaction formula is as follows:
the generation of water molecules breaks the W-O bond, so that oxygen atoms in the original crystal lattice escape and a large number of oxygen vacancies are generated. When oxygen exists in the environment, oxygen molecules adsorbed on the surface of the sensitive material are ionized into oxygen ions by the catalyst, the oxygen ions preferentially enter oxygen vacancies with lower energy to form W-O bonds again, and the reaction formula is as follows:
2xh++xO2-+WO3-x→WO3 (2-5)
in combination with the above equation, it can be seen that WO is a measure of the overall response recovery process3Acting as a catalyst. The chemical change occurs in the response process, and the recovery process returns to the original state through chemical reaction. The whole process is equivalent to catalyzing hydrogen and oxygen to react to generate water molecules:
the hydrogen concentration in the environment is indirectly measured by utilizing the heat generated in the reaction process and combining the temperature sensing characteristic of the fiber bragg grating.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring safety of hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention. The safety monitoring method for the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises the steps from S110 to S150.
Step S110, emitting tunable laser, and modulating the tunable laser through a semiconductor optical amplifier to obtain a first pulse signal;
step S120, emitting narrow linewidth laser, and modulating the narrow linewidth laser through an acousto-optic modulator to obtain a second pulse signal;
step S130, coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal through a first coupler to obtain a detection pulse, and sending the detection pulse to a weak grating array coated with a hydrogen sensitive material;
step S140, the weak grating array receives the detection pulse and reflects a reflection signal;
and S150, receiving the reflection signal through a photoelectric detector, and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
In one embodiment, the safety monitoring method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment comprises the following steps: emitting tunable laser, and modulating the tunable laser through a semiconductor optical amplifier to obtain a first pulse signal; emitting narrow-linewidth laser, and modulating the narrow-linewidth laser through an acousto-optic modulator to obtain a second pulse signal; the first coupler is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain a detection pulse, and the detection pulse is sent to the weak grating array coated with the hydrogen sensitive material; the weak grating array receives the detection pulse and reflects a reflection signal; and receiving the reflected signal through a photoelectric detector, and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
The invention also provides a safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, which comprises: the device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the safety monitoring method of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment.
The processor and memory may be connected by a bus or other means.
The memory, which is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, may be used to store non-transitory software programs as well as non-transitory computer executable programs. Further, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory optionally includes memory located remotely from the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor through a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment in this embodiment may include a service processing module, an edge database, a server version information register, and a data synchronization module, and when the processor executes a computer program, the above-mentioned safety monitoring method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment applied to the safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment is implemented.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, wherein the units illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, i.e. may be located in one place, or may also be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-executable instructions, which are executed by a processor or a controller, for example, by a processor in the terminal embodiment, and can make the processor execute the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment safety monitoring method in the above embodiment.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and methods disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). The term computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can accessed by a computer. In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to those skilled in the art.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment is characterized by comprising:
a detection pulse generating device for generating a detection pulse;
the weak grating array is coated with a hydrogen sensitive material and laid on the surface of the hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment, the hydrogen sensitive material is used for detecting hydrogen leakage, and the weak grating array is used for receiving the detection pulse and reflecting a reflection signal;
and the photoelectric detector is used for receiving the reflection signal and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
2. The safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to claim 1, wherein the detection pulse generating device comprises:
the tunable laser light source is used for emitting tunable laser;
the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with the tunable laser light source and used for modulating the tunable laser to obtain a first pulse signal;
a narrow linewidth laser light source for emitting narrow linewidth laser light;
the acousto-optic modulator is connected with the narrow linewidth laser light source and used for modulating the narrow linewidth laser to obtain a second pulse signal;
and the first coupler is connected with the semiconductor optical amplifier and the acousto-optic modulator and is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain the detection pulse.
3. The safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to claim 2, wherein the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are pulse signals with the same frequency and a half-cycle difference, and the pulse signals pass through the first coupler to form the detection pulses which do not interfere with each other in time domain.
4. The safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising:
the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier is connected with the first coupler and is used for amplifying the detection pulse;
and the circulator is connected with the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the weak grating array coated with the hydrogen sensitive material.
5. The safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to claim 4, wherein the photoelectric detector comprises:
a first photoelectric detector for receiving a first reflection signal reflected by the weak grating array receiving the first pulse signal in the detection pulse, demodulating the spectrum information in the first reflection signal, and demodulating the temperature information and the hydrogen concentration information according to the spectrum information
And the second photoelectric detector is used for receiving a second reflection signal which is reflected by the weak grating array and receives a second pulse signal in the detection pulse, and demodulating the second reflection signal to monitor a vibration signal between adjacent gratings.
6. The safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to claim 5, further comprising:
a second coupler connected with the circulator and the first photodetector;
a Mach-Zehnder interferometer connected to the second coupler;
and the 3-by-3 coupler is connected with the second photoelectric detector.
7. The safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to claim 6, wherein the number of the second photodetectors is 3.
8. The safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen sensitive material is Pt/WO3 composite material.
9. The safety monitoring system for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment according to claim 1, wherein the gratings coated with the array of weak gratings of hydrogen sensitive material are weak chirped gratings, and the interval between the weak chirped gratings is 5 to 10 meters.
10. A safety monitoring method for hydrogen energy storage and transportation equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
emitting tunable laser, and modulating the tunable laser through a semiconductor optical amplifier to obtain a first pulse signal;
emitting narrow-linewidth laser, and modulating the narrow-linewidth laser through an acousto-optic modulator to obtain a second pulse signal;
the first coupler is used for coupling the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal to obtain a detection pulse, and the detection pulse is sent to a weak grating array coated with a hydrogen sensitive material;
the weak grating array receives the detection pulse and reflects a reflection signal;
and receiving the reflection signal through a photoelectric detector, and demodulating temperature information, hydrogen concentration information and vibration information.
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| CN115876255A (en) * | 2023-02-02 | 2023-03-31 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Hydrogen and temperature composite monitoring method and device for battery energy storage power station |
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