CN114718074A - Excavation method for foundation pit in soft soil stratum - Google Patents
Excavation method for foundation pit in soft soil stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN114718074A CN114718074A CN202210152172.5A CN202210152172A CN114718074A CN 114718074 A CN114718074 A CN 114718074A CN 202210152172 A CN202210152172 A CN 202210152172A CN 114718074 A CN114718074 A CN 114718074A
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004181 pedogenesis Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101150054854 POU1F1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
- E01D15/10—Travelling bridges, i.e. roller bridges; Sliding bridges; Rotary cylinder bridges, i.e. rotating about longitudinal axis to invert and raise the road
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D18/00—Bridges specially adapted for particular applications or functions not provided for elsewhere, e.g. aqueducts, bridges for supporting pipe-lines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/005—Piers, trestles, bearings, expansion joints or parapets specially adapted for portable or sectional bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for excavating a foundation pit in a soft soil stratum, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps: 1) constructing a foundation pit supporting pile: the pile-up position of the support pile is measured according to the size of the foundation pit, the vertical columnar pile is firstly arranged according to the measurement position, the columnar pile exceeds the ground by a certain height, vertical sheet piles are arranged between the columnar piles, the sinking height of the sheet piles is consistent with the sinking elevation of the columnar pile, and the purlin is arranged on the outer side of the support pile. According to the invention, the trestle along the width direction of the foundation pit is erected on the support pile, the trestle can move relative to the foundation pit along the length direction of the foundation pit, the excavator is hoisted to the trestle by adopting a crane to perform foundation pit excavation, the advancing and retreating of the excavator are realized by moving the trestle, the excavator is prevented from being sunk due to the fact that the excavator is not directly contacted with a soft soil layer, the traditional excavation-sunning-excavation process is not needed, the construction period is shortened, the utilization rate of equipment is improved, the operation space of the excavator on the trestle is increased, and the excavation of the foundation pit is more facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering, and particularly relates to a method for excavating a foundation pit in a soft soil stratum.
Background
The soft clay and sludge stratum are collectively called as soft soil stratum, in coastal areas and areas near rivers, the soft clay and sludge stratum are widely distributed, and the stratum characteristics are mainly shown in that the stratum soil is in a flow plastic shape, has high water content, large pore ratio, high sensitivity, high compressibility and low strength, has thixotropic and rheological properties, and has extremely poor self-stability capability.
Excavation foundation ditch on soft clay, silt stratum, technical requirement is higher, usually does earlier make and struts, then excavates, and to the great soil layer of moisture content, for avoiding digging machine and transport vechicle and soil layer direct contact back deep sinking, excavation generally adopts and digs the limit and shines, wait to dig again after moisture loss forms the dry soil and transport. The sun drying process in the digging-sun drying-digging construction process needs longer downtime waiting time and larger uncertainty, which not only can not meet the construction period requirement of the project, but also has lower efficiency of construction machinery equipment. For a soft clay stratum, under the condition of well supporting, due to the rheological property of soft soil, the displacement deformation of the foundation pit support structure is larger along with the longer exposure time of the foundation pit, and meanwhile, the lateral pressure influence generated by the excavator and the transport vehicle is larger and larger along with the increase of the depth of the foundation pit in the excavation process, so that the foundation pit support structure is damaged and deformed, and the instability of the foundation pit is easily caused. For a silt stratum, the larger the load is, the larger the sedimentation is, the excavator and the transport vehicle are difficult to excavate to a proper position, and meanwhile, the problems of small width of a foundation pit, deep excavation depth of the foundation pit, various horizontal supports and the like restrict the operation space of the excavator and are difficult to excavate. The excavation of the foundation pit in the soft clay and sludge stratum is easily disturbed, the strength can be rapidly reduced, large resilience can be generated during unloading, and the construction of the enclosure structure and the excavation of the foundation pit are very unfavorable, so that the disturbance to the soil body at the periphery of the foundation pit and in the foundation pit is reduced as much as possible in the construction process.
Therefore, a further improvement is needed for the existing excavation method of the foundation pit in the soft soil stratum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the excavation method of the soft soil stratum foundation pit, which has the advantages that the excavator is not directly contacted with the soft soil stratum, the side pressure of the foundation pit is reduced, and the excavation is facilitated.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for excavating a foundation pit in a soft soil stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) constructing a foundation pit supporting pile: measuring the driving position of a support pile according to the size of a foundation pit, driving a vertical columnar pile according to the measuring position, driving a vertical sheet pile between the columnar piles, driving the vertical sheet pile to be consistent with the sinking elevation of the columnar pile, and arranging a purlin outside the support pile;
2) erecting a trestle and excavating a foundation pit: the trestle is erected on the support pile along the width direction of the foundation pit, and can move relative to the foundation pit along the length direction of the foundation pit, the excavator is hoisted to the trestle by adopting a crane to perform foundation pit excavation, and the advancing and retreating of the excavator are realized by the movement of the trestle;
3) setting a muck conveyer and muck conveying: and placing the residue soil conveyor to the periphery of the foundation pit, conveying the residue soil to the residue soil conveyor by the excavator, and conveying the residue soil to a transport vehicle positioned on one side of the residue soil conveyor, which is far away from the foundation pit, through the residue soil conveyor.
There are various design ways of trestle, and preferably, the trestle comprises:
the two rails are respectively arranged above supporting piles at two sides of the foundation pit along the length direction of the foundation pit, and the supporting piles are inserted into the slots at the bottom of the rails;
the bridge body is erected on the two rails along the width direction of the foundation pit and used for placing the excavator;
the rotating wheels are arranged at the bottom of the bridge body and positioned at two sides of the bridge body, and the rotating wheels are positioned in the grooves at the top of the track;
and the driving device is connected with the rotating wheel in a driving way and drives the rotating wheel to move in the track along the length direction of the foundation pit.
Further, preferably, the driving device is a motor arranged on the bridge body, and a transmission belt is wound on a motor shaft of the motor; be provided with coupling assembling between the pontic and the rotation wheel, coupling assembling includes bracing piece, bearing and axis of rotation, the bracing piece sets up in the pontic bottom, the bearing sets up the bottom at the bracing piece, the bracing piece is fixed with the lateral wall of bearing, the axis of rotation is worn to establish in the bearing and is fixed with the inside wall of bearing, the rotation wheel is fixed in the axis of rotation, be connected through drive belt transmission between axis of rotation and the motor shaft.
In order to be beneficial to positioning of the bridge body and excavation of the excavator, preferably, a brake device is arranged between the track and the rotating wheel, the brake device comprises a first brake hole formed in the track, a second brake hole formed in the rotating wheel and a fixing pin, and the fixing pin penetrates through the first brake hole and the second brake hole to position the rotating wheel on the track.
In order to be beneficial to adapting to foundation pits with different widths, the bridge body is preferably of a telescopic structure and can be telescopically adjusted along the width direction of the foundation pit. Through the adjustment to the bridge body width, keep the running wheel to be located the recess at track top all the time.
Further, as preferred, the bridge body includes two and the support frame that sets up along foundation ditch width direction interval, is provided with hydraulic jack between two support frames, and this hydraulic jack sets up and adjusts the interval between two support frames along foundation ditch width direction. The distance between the two support frames is controlled by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic jack, so that the width of the bridge body is adjusted.
The design of dregs conveyer has a plurality of, and as preferred, dregs conveyer includes:
the shell is of a closed hollow structure, and a feed hopper and a discharge port are arranged on the shell;
the conveying device is arranged in the shell, one end of the conveying device extends out of the discharge hole, and the residue soil added into the feed hopper is discharged from the discharge hole;
the first driving device is in driving connection with the conveying device;
the crawler-type travelling mechanisms are arranged at the bottom of the shell and positioned at two sides of the shell;
and the second driving device is in driving connection with the crawler-type travelling mechanism.
Further, preferably, the first driving device is arranged on the housing, and the first driving device comprises a first motor, a first output shaft arranged on the first motor, and a first transmission belt wound on the first output shaft; conveyer includes and links to each other with the casing, along the feeder hopper to the bearing that discharge gate direction interval set up, wear to establish in the bearing and with bearing fixed connection's first transmission shaft, around establishing the conveyer belt in the first transmission shaft outside, first transmission shaft is connected through a drive belt transmission with first output shaft.
Further, preferably, the second driving device is arranged on the housing, and the second driving device comprises a second motor, a second output shaft arranged on the second motor, and a second transmission belt wound on the second output shaft; the crawler-type travelling mechanism comprises rollers arranged on one side of the bottom of the shell, a second transmission shaft connected with the rollers and a crawler wound on the outer side of the rollers, and the second transmission shaft is in transmission connection with a second output shaft through a second transmission belt.
Preferably, in the step 2), the excavation of the foundation pit adopts layered excavation, and after the excavation, a longitudinal enclosing purlin along the length direction of the foundation pit is arranged on the inner side of the support pile; be provided with the horizontal support along foundation ditch width direction in the foundation ditch, the both ends of support are fixed with enclosing the purlin, support for a plurality of and set up along the length direction interval of foundation ditch, interval between the adjacent support is at 4 ~ 6m, the elevation difference of support is not more than 30mm, the difference in elevation of supporting both ends is not more than 20mm and supports 1/600 of length, the straightness deviation of hanging down of column stake is not more than the 1/100 of foundation ditch excavation degree of depth, the axis deviation of support and column stake is not more than 50mm, it is not more than 30mm to support horizontal axis deviation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, the trestle along the width direction of the foundation pit is erected on the support pile, the trestle can move relative to the foundation pit along the length direction of the foundation pit, the excavator is hung on the trestle by adopting a crane to perform foundation pit excavation, the advancing and retreating of the excavator are realized by the movement of the trestle, the excavator is not directly contacted with a soft soil stratum, the deep sinking of the excavator is avoided, the traditional 'digging-drying-digging' process is not needed, the construction period is shortened, the utilization rate of equipment is improved, the operation space of the excavator on the trestle is increased, and the excavation of the foundation pit is more facilitated. Set up the dregs conveyer in foundation ditch periphery, the excavator delivers to the dregs conveyer with the dregs on, carry the dregs to the transport vechicle that is located dregs conveyer and keeps away from foundation ditch one side through the dregs conveyer on, compare with the transport vechicle, the weight of dregs conveyer will be light a lot, the setting of dregs conveyer has reduced foundation ditch support side direction soil pressure, prevent that the dregs transport vechicle from being absorbed in silt, reduced the destruction deformation to foundation ditch fender pile, the security that has improved whole work progress.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a trestle in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a muck conveyor in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a muck conveyor in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic layout view of a trestle and a muck conveyor on a construction site in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a support pile in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of the excavation of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention (excavation to the first floor).
Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of the excavation of the excavator (excavation to the second floor) in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the excavation of the excavator according to the embodiment of the present invention (excavation to the third floor).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The excavation method of the soft soil stratum foundation pit in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) constructing a foundation pit supporting pile 9: the driving position of the support pile 9 is measured according to the size of a foundation pit, a vertical columnar pile 91 is firstly driven according to the measured position, the columnar pile 91 exceeds the ground by a certain height, vertical sheet piles 92 are driven between the columnar piles 91, the sinking height of the sheet piles 92 is consistent with the sinking elevation of the columnar piles 91, and a surrounding purlin 93 is arranged on the outer side of the support pile 9. Referring to fig. 7, in this embodiment, the support pile 9 adopts a PC construction method combined pile, and the construction method adopts a steel pipe pile (columnar pile 91) and a larsen steel sheet pile (sheet pile 93) to be combined and connected to form an integral steel continuous wall body combined structure, which is a recyclable steel continuous wall body in green construction.
2) Erecting a trestle and excavating a foundation pit: referring to fig. 6, a trestle 1a is erected on a support pile 9 along the width direction of a foundation pit 1c, the trestle 1a can move relative to the foundation pit along the length direction of the foundation pit 1c, an excavator 1d is hung on the trestle 1a by a crane to perform excavation of the foundation pit 1c, and the advancing and retreating of the excavator 1d are realized by the movement of the trestle 1 a; referring to fig. 8-10, the excavation of the foundation pit adopts layered excavation, and after the excavation, a longitudinal enclosing purlin along the length direction of the foundation pit 1c is arranged on the inner side of the support piles 9; be provided with in foundation ditch 1c along foundation ditch 1c width direction's horizontal support 94, support 94's both ends are fixed with enclosing the purlin, support 94 is a plurality of and sets up along foundation ditch 1 c's length direction interval, the interval between the adjacent support 94 is at 5m, the elevation difference of support 94 is not more than 30mm, the difference in elevation of support 94 both ends is not more than 20mm and supports 1/600 of 94 length, the straightness deviation of straightness of pile 91 is not more than 1/100 of foundation ditch 1c excavation depth, the axis deviation of support 94 and columnar pile 91 is not more than 50mm, support 94 horizontal axis deviation is not more than 30 mm.
3) Setting a muck conveyer and muck conveying: the muck conveyor 1b is placed on the periphery of the foundation pit 1c, the excavator 1d conveys the muck to the muck conveyor 1b, and the muck is conveyed to a transport vehicle 1e located on one side, far away from the foundation pit 1c, of the muck conveyor 1b through the muck conveyor 1b, see fig. 6.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a preferred embodiment of the trestle 1a of the invention is shown, and the trestle 1a comprises a track 1, a trestle body 2, a rotating wheel 3, a driving device 4, a connecting assembly 5 and a brake device 8.
The tracks 1 are H-shaped, the number of the tracks is two, and the two tracks 1 are respectively arranged above the supporting piles 9 on the two sides of the foundation pit 1c along the length direction of the foundation pit 1 c. The track 1 comprises a plurality of sections of rails 11 connected end to end along the length of the foundation pit 1c, and the rails 11 are preferably detachably connected. The height of the upper groove and the lower groove of the track 1 is 5cm, the upper end of the combined pile in the PC construction method can be clamped into the groove at the bottom of the track 1, the combined pile in the PC construction method bears the load of the track 1, each section of steel rail 11 is 5m, and the combined pile is erected in sections.
The pontic 2 is established on two tracks 1 along foundation ditch 1 c's width direction, the both ends of pontic 2 are established respectively on two tracks 1, pontic 2 supplies digging placing of machine 1d, pontic 2 is extending structure, pontic 2 includes two and the support frame 21 that sets up along foundation ditch 1c width direction interval, be provided with hydraulic jack 6 between two support frames 21, this hydraulic jack 6 sets up and adjusts the interval between two support frames 21 along foundation ditch 1c width direction, hydraulic jack 6's quantity is a plurality of, set up along foundation ditch 1 c's length direction interval. The width of the trestle 1a is adjusted to the extent that the rotating wheel 3 is just clamped into the top clamping groove of the track 1. A steel plate 22 is laid above the bridge body 2, the surface of the steel plate 22 is rough, the excavator 1d is placed above the steel plate, the crawler of the excavator 1d is in direct contact with the excavator, and the rough surface prevents the excavator from slipping.
The rotating wheels 3 are arranged at the bottom of the bridge body 2 and located at two sides of the bridge body 2, in this embodiment, two rotating wheels 3 (not shown in the figure) are arranged at each side of the bridge body 2, and the rotating wheels 3 are located in grooves at the top of the track 1.
The drive means 4 is a motor arranged on the bridge 2, the motor shaft 42 of which is provided with a drive belt 41 around it.
A connecting assembly 5 is arranged between the axle body 2 and the turning wheel 3, the connecting assembly 5 comprising a support rod 51, a bearing 52 and a turning shaft 53. The support rod 51 is arranged at the bottom of the bridge body 2, the bearing 52 is arranged at the bottom end of the support rod 51, the support rod 51 is welded and fixed with the outer side wall of the bearing 52, the rotating shaft 53 is arranged in the bearing 52 in a penetrating mode and is welded and fixed with the inner side wall of the bearing 52, the rotating shaft 53 is in transmission connection with the motor shaft 42 through the transmission belt 41, and the rotating wheel 3 is driven to move on the track 1 along the length direction of the foundation pit.
The brake device 8 includes a first braking hole 81 formed in the rail 1, a second braking hole 82 formed in the rotating wheel 3, and a fixing pin 83, and the fixing pin 83 is inserted into the first braking hole 81 and the second braking hole 82 to position the rotating wheel 3 on the rail 1. The first braking holes 81 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1, and the second braking holes 82 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel 3.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a preferred embodiment of the mobile muck conveyor of the invention is shown, comprising: the device comprises a shell 10, a conveying device 20, a first driving device 30, a crawler-type walking mechanism 40, a second driving device 50, a fixing device 70 and a lifting device 80.
The shell 10 is a closed hollow structure, a feed hopper 101 is arranged at the top of the shell 10, and a discharge hole is formed in the side wall of the shell.
The conveying device 20 is arranged in the shell 10, one end of the conveying device 20 extends out of the discharge hole, the residue soil added into the feed hopper 101 is discharged from the discharge hole, and the conveying device 20 is arranged in the shell 10 to avoid the residue soil from spilling during conveying. The conveying device 20 comprises a bearing 201 connected with the housing 10 and arranged at intervals along the direction from the feeding hopper 101 to the discharging port, a first transmission shaft 202 arranged in the bearing 201 in a penetrating way and fixedly connected with the bearing 201, and a conveyor belt 203 arranged outside the bearing 201 in a winding way. In this embodiment, the number of the bearings 201 is two, and the bearings are a first bearing 2001 and a second bearing 2002, the first bearing 2001 is located inside the housing 10, the outer side of the first bearing 2001 is welded and fixed with the housing 10, the second bearing 2002 is located outside the discharge port and connected with the lifting device 80, the second bearing 2002 can move up and down relative to the housing 10, and the first transmission shaft 202 is welded inside the first bearing 2001 and the second bearing 2002.
The first driving device 30 is disposed on the housing 10, and the first driving device 30 includes a first motor 303, a first output shaft 31 disposed on the first motor 303, and a first transmission belt 302 wound on the first output shaft 301, wherein a first transmission shaft 202 is in transmission connection with the first output shaft 31 through the first transmission belt 302.
The crawler-type traveling mechanism 40 is disposed at the bottom of the housing 10 and located at both sides of the housing 10, and the crawler-type traveling mechanism 40 includes a roller 401 disposed at one side of the bottom of the housing 10, a second transmission shaft 402 connected to the roller 401, and a crawler 403 wound around the outer side of the roller 401. In this embodiment, the number of the rollers 401 on each side of the bottom of the housing 10 is two, and accordingly, the number of the second transmission shafts 402 is 2.
The second driving device 50 is disposed on the housing 10, and the second driving device 50 includes a second motor 503, a second output shaft 501 disposed on the second motor 503, and a second transmission belt 502 wound on the second output shaft 501, wherein a second transmission shaft 402 is in transmission connection with the second output shaft 501 through the second transmission belt 502.
The lifting device 80 is arranged on the outer side of the shell 10, the lifting device 80 is a hydraulic jack in the embodiment, the hydraulic jack is connected with the second bearing 2002 through a connecting rod 90, specifically, the second bearing 2002 is welded with the connecting rod 90, the lifting device 80 controls the lifting of the connecting rod 90 to drive the second bearing 2002 to move up and down relative to the shell 10, the height of one end, extending out of the discharge port, of the conveying device 20 away from the ground is adjusted, and transport vehicles with different heights are met.
The fixing device 70 comprises a fixing rod 701 hinged with the housing 10, a fixing plate 702 connected with the bottom end of the fixing rod 701, and an anchor 703 arranged on the fixing plate 702 in a penetrating manner to fix the fixing plate 702 and the ground together, wherein the number of the fixing devices 70 is four, and the four fixing devices are arranged at four corners of the housing 10.
Claims (10)
1. A method for excavating a foundation pit in a soft soil stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) constructing a foundation pit supporting pile: measuring the driving position of a support pile according to the size of a foundation pit, driving a vertical columnar pile according to the measuring position, driving a vertical sheet pile between the columnar piles, driving the vertical sheet pile to be consistent with the sinking elevation of the columnar pile, and arranging a purlin outside the support pile;
2) erecting a trestle and excavating a foundation pit: the trestle is erected on the support pile along the width direction of the foundation pit and can move relative to the foundation pit along the length direction of the foundation pit, the excavator is hung on the trestle by adopting a crane to perform foundation pit excavation, and the advancing and retreating of the excavator are realized by the movement of the trestle;
3) setting a muck conveyor and transporting muck: and placing the residue soil conveyor to the periphery of the foundation pit, conveying the residue soil to the residue soil conveyor by the excavator, and conveying the residue soil to a transport vehicle positioned on one side of the residue soil conveyor, which is far away from the foundation pit, through the residue soil conveyor.
2. The excavation method of the soft soil formation foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the trestle comprises:
the two rails (1) are arranged above supporting piles at two sides of the foundation pit along the length direction of the foundation pit, and the supporting piles are inserted into the slots at the bottom of the rails (1);
the bridge body (2) is erected on the two rails (1) along the width direction of the foundation pit and used for placing an excavator;
the rotating wheels (3) are arranged at the bottom of the bridge body (2) and positioned on two sides of the bridge body (2), and the rotating wheels (3) are positioned in the grooves in the top of the track (1);
and the driving device (4) is connected with the rotating wheel (3) in a driving way, and drives the rotating wheel (3) to move in the track (1) along the length direction of the foundation pit.
3. The excavation method of the soft soil formation foundation pit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the driving device (4) is a motor arranged on the bridge body (2), and a transmission belt (41) is wound on a motor shaft (42) of the motor; the utility model discloses a bearing, including the axle body (2), the axle body (2) and the rotation wheel (3) between be provided with coupling assembling (5), coupling assembling (5) are including bracing piece (51), bearing (52) and axis of rotation (53), bracing piece (51) set up in axle body (2) bottom, bearing (52) set up the bottom at bracing piece (51), bracing piece (51) are fixed with the lateral wall of bearing (52), axis of rotation (53) are worn to establish in bearing (52) and are fixed with the inside wall of bearing (52), it fixes on axis of rotation (53) to rotate wheel (3), axis of rotation (53) are connected through drive belt (41) transmission with motor shaft (42).
4. The excavation method of the soft soil formation foundation pit according to claim 2, characterized in that: track (1) and rotate and be provided with brake equipment (8) between wheel (3), brake equipment (8) are including offering first brake hole (81) on track (1), offering second brake hole (82) and fixed pin (83) on rotating wheel (3), fixed pin (83) are worn to establish and are rotated wheel (3) location on track (1) in first brake hole (81), second brake hole (82).
5. The excavation method of the soft soil formation foundation pit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bridge body (2) is of a telescopic structure, and the bridge body (2) can be telescopically adjusted along the width direction of the foundation pit.
6. The excavation method of a soft soil formation foundation pit according to claim 5, wherein: bridge (2) include two and support frame (21) that set up along foundation ditch width direction interval, are provided with hydraulic jack (6) between two support frames (21), and this hydraulic jack (6) set up and adjust the interval between two support frames (21) along foundation ditch width direction.
7. The excavation method of the soft soil formation foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the muck conveyor comprises:
the shell (10) is of a closed hollow structure, and a feed hopper (101) and a discharge hole are arranged on the shell (10);
the conveying device (20) is arranged in the shell (10), one end of the conveying device (20) extends out of the discharge hole, and the residue soil added into the feed hopper (101) is discharged from the discharge hole;
the first driving device (30) is in driving connection with the conveying device (20);
the crawler-type travelling mechanisms (40) are arranged at the bottom of the shell (10) and are positioned at two sides of the shell (10);
and the second driving device (50) is in driving connection with the crawler type travelling mechanism (40).
8. The excavation method of a soft soil formation foundation pit according to claim 7, characterized in that: the first driving device (30) is arranged on the shell (10), and the first driving device (30) comprises a first motor (303), a first output shaft (301) arranged on the first motor (303), and a first transmission belt (302) wound on the first output shaft (301); conveyer (20) including with casing (10) link to each other, along feeder hopper (101) bearing (201) to the discharge gate direction interval setting, wear to establish in bearing (201) and with bearing (201) fixed connection's first transmission shaft (202), around establishing conveyer belt (203) in first transmission shaft (202) outside, first transmission shaft (202) are connected through first drive belt (302) transmission with first output shaft (301).
9. The mobile muck conveyor of claim 7, wherein: the second driving device (50) is arranged on the shell (10), and the second driving device (50) comprises a second motor (503), a second output shaft (501) arranged on the second motor (503), and a second transmission belt (502) wound on the second output shaft (501); the crawler-type travelling mechanism (40) comprises rollers (401) arranged on one side of the bottom of the shell (10), a second transmission shaft (402) connected with the rollers (401) and a crawler (403) wound on the outer side of the rollers (401), and the second transmission shaft (402) is in transmission connection with a second output shaft (501) through a second transmission belt (502).
10. The excavation method of a soft soil formation foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the excavation of the foundation pit adopts layered excavation, and after the excavation, a longitudinal enclosing purlin along the length direction of the foundation pit is arranged on the inner side of the support pile; be provided with the horizontal support along foundation ditch width direction in the foundation ditch, the both ends of support are fixed with enclosing the purlin, support for a plurality of and set up along the length direction interval of foundation ditch, interval between the adjacent support is at 4 ~ 6m, the elevation difference of support is not more than 30mm, the difference in elevation of supporting both ends is not more than 20mm and supports 1/600 of length, the straightness deviation of hanging down of column stake is not more than the 1/100 of foundation ditch excavation degree of depth, the axis deviation of support and column stake is not more than 50mm, it is not more than 30mm to support horizontal axis deviation.
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