Flexible flow-limiting salty-resistance device and salty-resistance method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of river mouth salt tide salt inhibition, in particular to a flexible flow-limiting salt-resistance device and a salt-resistance method.
Background
The salt tide is a specific natural phenomenon in the area of the river estuary, and the invasion of the salt tide refers to the phenomenon that high-salinity water outside the river estuary is transported and mixed upwards along the river estuary along with the rising tide and falling to cause the water body of an upstream river channel to become salty. For example, due to the influence of the factors such as the lack of water coming from the upstream of the Zhujiang river basin in winter, the rise of sea level, the undercutting of river channels and the like, salt tides in the river mouth area of the Zhujiang river frequently occur, and the water intake of a water plant upstream of the river channels generates over-standard salt water, so that the water plant cannot take fresh water, and the water supply safety is influenced.
In order to prevent or reduce disasters caused by the invasion of the salt tide, the salinity of a water meter in a estuary area is inverted by a satellite remote sensing technology at present, and the salt tide is predicted by combining the salinity condition of a water sample of a hydrological site. And (5) taking corresponding measures to inhibit the salty tide according to the forecast of the salty tide. The 'upper supplement' salt tide prevention and control technology for adjusting water pressure and salt salinity of the backbone reservoir of the Zhujiang river basin is basically mature, meanwhile, the 'middle storage' of the raw water storage and delivery system of the delta gradually plays a role, but no effective measures for coping with salt tides are available in continuous dry or extra dry years. The research and development of the estuary salt-blocking technology are carried out, and an 'upper supplement-middle storage-lower blocking' comprehensive prevention and control system for the Zhujiang estuary salt tide is constructed, so that the method has great significance for water supply safety guarantee.
As early as 1988 and 1999, the submerged dam is applied to the American West-West Bian as a low-grade salt suppression engineering measure, the submerged dam is built by silt of a riverbed before the dry season, the submerged dam is flushed by flood water in the flood season after the salt suppression effect is finished, and the practice proves that the submerged dam can effectively prevent the invasion of a salt water wedge, thereby inhibiting the upward tracing of salt tide. But the engineering quantity of the submerged dam is huge, the submerged dam can not be used repeatedly, the submerged dam is effective only for a weak mixed river mouth, and the submerged dam has little effect on a strong mixed river mouth.
Patent CN108914875A discloses an underwater water curtain method for preventing and controlling estuary salt tide, which sucks the upper layer fresh water and makes the fresh water spray out at the bottom, lifts and promotes the bottom salt water mass to stir, destroys the salt water wedge structure, and reduces the salinity of the river; and meanwhile, the water spraying amount is automatically adjusted according to the local forecast salinity, the water spraying amount is reduced when the salinity is lower, and the water spraying amount is increased when the salinity is higher, so that the salt water mass is fully contacted with fresh water, the salinity of the river channel is reduced, and a basis is provided for water taking in estuary areas. According to the technology, a plurality of high-power water pumps are needed for pumping water, and a river mouth platform needs to be built, so that the building cost is high. And when the high-power water pump is used, more electric energy consumption is generated, and the use cost is higher.
Patent CN 107059762A discloses a riverbed face salt water wedge goes up to suppression device, including the pile foundation, still includes rail track and wedge railcar, and the rail track is installed on the pile foundation, and the quantity of wedge railcar is confirmed according to the river width, and the wedge railcar can walk on the rail track. The device is provided with a track on the surface of a estuary river bed, and a wedge-shaped rail car is arranged on the track, so that the device is equivalent to a movable wedge-shaped submerged dam in actual operation and plays a role in inhibiting salt tides. The device needs to lay steel rails on the riverbed and manufacture the wedge-shaped rail car, and the construction cost is high. And when the device is used for a long time, the steel rail is buried due to the sediment deposition of the riverbed, the sediment needs to be cleaned in time, and the maintenance cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the flexible flow-limiting salt-resistance device and the salt-resistance method, aiming at overcoming the defect of high construction and maintenance cost in the prior art, and having the advantages of convenient disassembly and low cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a flexible flow resistance salt device which comprises a plurality of first pile foundations arranged on a first section riverbed of a riverway, a plurality of second pile foundations arranged on a second section riverbed of the riverway, a plurality of buoys, a plurality of mooring ropes, a blocking net, first water blocking cloth and second water blocking cloth, wherein the second section is positioned at the upstream of the first section; the upper edge of the blocking net is connected with the buoy, and the lower edge of the blocking net is connected with the second pile foundation; the upper edge of the first water-blocking cloth is connected with the buoy, and the lower edge of the first water-blocking cloth is suspended; the lower edge of the second water-blocking cloth is connected with the second pile foundation, the upper edge of the second water-blocking cloth is connected with a floating pipe, and the height of the blocking net is greater than the sum of the heights of the first water-blocking cloth and the second water-blocking cloth.
Further, first pile foundation is equidistant to be arranged, and the interval of adjacent first pile foundation is 3 ~ 8 meters.
Further, the second pile foundations are equidistantly arranged, and the distance between every two adjacent second pile foundations is 3-8 meters.
Further, the length of a river channel between the first pile foundation and the second pile foundation is 5-30 m.
Furthermore, the buoy is of a hollow cylindrical structure, and a rope hole for a rope to pass through is formed in the buoy.
Furthermore, two ends of the rope are fixed on two banks of the river channel.
Further, the length of the mooring rope is 8-40 m.
Furthermore, the blocking net is a nylon rope net or a steel wire net, and the aperture of the blocking net is 0.5-1 m.
Furthermore, the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth are made of flexible waterproof materials.
Furthermore, the height of the blocking net is 0.5-2 m greater than the sum of the heights of the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth.
The second aspect of the invention provides a salt blocking method of the flexible flow-limiting salt-blocking device, which comprises the following steps:
when tide rises, under the action of water flow, the floating drum moves upstream until a cable between the downstream first pile foundation and the floating drum is tightened, and the floating drum stops moving; under the action of water flow, the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth are attached to the barrier net to form a river blocking section, so that the water passing section is reduced; because the height of the blocking net is greater than the sum of the heights of the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth, a gap capable of passing water exists between the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth so as to reduce the stress of the mooring rope;
when the tide falls, the first water-blocking cloth and the second water-blocking cloth leave the blocking net under the action of the tide, and the falling tide is discharged normally.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a flexible flow resistance salt device and a salt blocking method, wherein the salt blocking device comprises a plurality of first pile foundations arranged on a first section river bed of a river channel, a plurality of second pile foundations arranged on a second section river bed of the river channel, a plurality of floating cylinders, a plurality of mooring ropes, a blocking net, a first water blocking cloth and a second water blocking cloth, wherein the second section is positioned at the upstream of the first section; the upper edge of the blocking net is connected with the buoy, and the lower edge of the blocking net is connected with the second pile foundation; the upper edge of the first water-blocking cloth is connected with the buoy, and the lower edge of the first water-blocking cloth is suspended; the lower edge of the second water-blocking cloth is connected with the second pile foundation, the upper edge of the second water-blocking cloth is connected with a floating pipe, and the height of the blocking net is greater than the sum of the heights of the first water-blocking cloth and the second water-blocking cloth. When tide rises, under the action of water flow, the floating drum moves upstream until a cable between the downstream first pile foundation and the floating drum is tightened, and the floating drum stops moving; under the action of water flow, the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth are attached to the blocking net to form a river blocking section, so that the water passing section is reduced; because the height of the blocking net is greater than the sum of the heights of the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth, a gap capable of passing water exists between the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth so as to reduce the stress of the mooring rope; when the tide falls, the first water blocking cloth and the second water blocking cloth leave the blocking net under the action of the tide, and the falling tide is discharged normally. The invention has flexibility and economy, can be assembled and disassembled in a short time, and can block the river channel to limit the rising current and ensure the water supply safety when the salt tide is serious. When the salt tide is weakened, the device can be dismantled to recover navigation, and has great social and economic values.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a flexible fluid-resistant device of examples 1 and 2.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of the flexible fluid-resistant salty device of example 1 and example 2 at the time of tidal surge.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of fig. 2 with reference numerals removed.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of the flexible fluid barrier salt-resistant device of example 1 and example 2 in case of a tide.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of fig. 4 with reference numerals removed.
Wherein: 1. a riverbed; 2. a first pile foundation; 3. a second pile foundation; 4. a float bowl; 5. a water surface; 6. a cable; 7. a barrier net; 8. a first water-blocking cloth; 9. a second water-blocking cloth; 10. a rope; 11. and (4) floating pipes.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and the like in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment discloses a flexible flow resistance salt-limiting device, which includes a plurality of first pile foundations 2 disposed on a first cross-section river bed 1 of a river channel, a plurality of second pile foundations 3 disposed on a second cross-section river bed 1 of the river channel, a plurality of buoys 4, a plurality of cables 6, a blocking net 7, a first water-blocking cloth 8 and a second water-blocking cloth 9, wherein the second cross-section is located at an upstream of the first cross-section, the plurality of buoys 4 float on a water surface 5 and are connected in series by ropes 10, one end of each cable 6 is connected to the first pile foundations 2, and the other end is connected to the buoy 4; the upper edge of the arresting net 7 is connected with the buoy 4, and the lower edge of the arresting net 7 is connected with the second pile foundation 3; the upper edge of the first water-blocking cloth 8 is connected with the buoy 4, and the lower edge of the first water-blocking cloth 8 is suspended; the lower edge of the second water-blocking cloth 9 is connected with the second pile foundation 3, the upper edge of the second water-blocking cloth 9 is connected with a floating pipe 11, and the height of the blocking net 7 is greater than the sum of the heights of the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9.
In the specific implementation process, the first pile foundations 2 are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between the adjacent first pile foundations 2 is 3-8 meters.
In the specific implementation process, the second pile foundations 3 are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval between every two adjacent second pile foundations 3 is 3-8 meters.
In a specific implementation process, the length of a river channel between the first pile foundation 2 and the second pile foundation 3 is 5-30 m.
In a specific implementation process, the buoy 4 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a rope hole for the rope 10 to pass through is formed in the buoy 4.
In the specific implementation process, two ends of the rope 10 are fixed on two banks of the river channel, and the rope 10 is in a non-stretched state and provided with redundancy to enable the buoy to move upstream along with rising tides or move downstream along with falling tides.
In the specific implementation process, the length of the mooring rope 6 is 8-40 m.
In the specific implementation process, the arresting net 7 is a nylon rope net or a steel wire net, and the aperture of the arresting net is 0.5-1 m.
In the specific implementation process, the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9 are made of flexible waterproof materials, such as PVC canvas and geomembrane.
In the specific implementation process, the height of the barrier net 7 is 0.5-2 m greater than the sum of the heights of the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9.
The implementation provides a flexible flow-limiting salt-resistant device, when tide rises, under the action of water flow, a floating drum 4 moves upstream until a cable 6 between a downstream first pile foundation 2 and the floating drum 4 is tightened, and the floating drum 4 stops moving; under the action of water flow, the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9 are attached to the arresting net 7 to form a river-blocking section, so that the water-passing section is reduced; because the height of the blocking net 7 is greater than the sum of the heights of the first water blocking cloth 8 and the second water blocking cloth 9, a gap capable of passing water exists between the first water blocking cloth 8 and the second water blocking cloth 9, so that the stress of the mooring rope 6 is reduced; when the tide falls, the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9 leave the blocking net 7 under the action of the tide, and the falling tide normally drains. The invention has flexibility and economy, can be assembled and disassembled in a short time, and can block the river channel to limit the rising current and ensure the water supply safety when the salt tide is serious. When the salt tide is weakened, the device can be dismantled to recover navigation, and has great social and economic values.
Example 2
This embodiment uses Dongguan city east Jiangnan tributary to design a flexible restriction flow resistance salt device as the model, including setting up a plurality of first pile foundations 2 on certain section riverbed 1 in the river course, setting up a plurality of second pile foundations 3 on first pile foundations 2 upper reaches 25m department riverbed 1, a plurality of diameter 0.8 m's cylindric flotation pontoon 4, a plurality of hawser 6, arresting net 7, first cloth 8 and the second cloth 9 that blocks water, first pile foundations 2 and second pile foundations 3 equidistant arrange, and the interval of adjacent pile foundations is 5 meters. A plurality of buoys 4 float on the water surface 5 and are connected in series by ropes 10, and the two ends of the ropes 10 are fixed on the two banks of the river. The length of the cable 6 is 30m, one end of the cable 6 is connected with the first pile foundation 2, and the other end of the cable 6 is connected with the buoy 4; the blocking net 7 is a nylon rope net, the aperture of the blocking net is 0.6m, the upper edge of the blocking net 7 is connected with the buoy 4, and the lower edge of the blocking net 7 is connected with the second pile foundation 3; the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9 are made of PVC canvas, the upper edge of the first water-blocking cloth 8 is connected with the buoy 4, and the lower edge of the first water-blocking cloth 8 is suspended in the air; the lower edge of the second water-blocking cloth 9 is connected with the second pile foundation 3, the upper edge of the second water-blocking cloth 9 is connected with a rubber floating pipe 11, and the height of the blocking net 7 is 1m greater than the sum of the heights of the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9.
In the specific implementation process, first pile foundation 2 and second pile foundation 3 adopt the cement stake, and cement stake upper portion exposes riverbed 1 about 0.3m to be equipped with the link, also be equipped with the link on flotation pontoon 4, 6 both ends of hawser are equipped with the couple, and hawser 6 is connected with cement stake and flotation pontoon 4 respectively through the couple, so that dismantle.
In the specific implementation process, the riverbed 1 below the flexible flow-limiting salty device is paved into a sand quilt by sand bags, and the sand quilt is used for preventing the riverbed 1 from being washed away.
The branch in south of east China is a strong mixed estuary, no mature salt blocking emergency engineering can be used for reference at present, and meanwhile, Dongguan city shows that the river channel is blocked in a rather wish to sacrifice temporary navigation and also ensure water supply safety. The invention takes strong mixed type east, south and east branches as an example for research, the result is used as an emergency engineering technology, the emergency engineering technology has flexibility and economy, the emergency engineering technology can be installed and disassembled in a short period, and when the salt tide is serious, the emergency engineering technology can block a river channel, limit the rising tide, and when the salt tide is weakened, the emergency engineering technology can be dismantled to recover navigation. The water supply safety of 400 million people in Dongguan city can be guaranteed when necessary. Has great social and economic value.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a salt blocking method for the flexible salt-resistance-limiting device described in embodiments 1 and 2, including:
as shown in fig. 2-3, at tide rise, under the action of water flow, the buoy 4 moves upstream until the cable 6 between the downstream first pile foundation 2 and the buoy 4 is tightened, and the buoy 4 stops moving; under the action of water flow, the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9 are attached to the arresting net 7 to form a river-blocking section, so that the water-passing section is reduced; because the height of the blocking net 7 is greater than the sum of the heights of the first water blocking cloth 8 and the second water blocking cloth 9, a gap capable of passing water exists between the first water blocking cloth 8 and the second water blocking cloth 9, so that the stress of the mooring rope 6 is reduced;
as shown in fig. 4-5, during a falling tide, the first water-blocking cloth 8 and the second water-blocking cloth 9 leave the barrier net 7 under the action of the tide, and the falling tide is discharged normally.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.