CN114717895A - Wind-powered electricity generation driven road self-heating type pavement system - Google Patents
Wind-powered electricity generation driven road self-heating type pavement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114717895A CN114717895A CN202210359053.7A CN202210359053A CN114717895A CN 114717895 A CN114717895 A CN 114717895A CN 202210359053 A CN202210359053 A CN 202210359053A CN 114717895 A CN114717895 A CN 114717895A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/24—Methods or arrangements for preventing slipperiness or protecting against influences of the weather
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/24—Methods or arrangements for preventing slipperiness or protecting against influences of the weather
- E01C11/26—Permanently installed heating or blowing devices ; Mounting thereof
- E01C11/265—Embedded electrical heating elements ; Mounting thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wind power driven road self-heating pavement system, which comprises a plurality of self-heating pavement modules, wherein the self-heating pavement modules are mutually connected to form a pavement; the electric heating system comprises an electric heating film and a connecting circuit, wherein the electric heating film is laid on the lower surface of the self-heating pavement module and is connected with the connecting circuit at two ends of the self-heating pavement module; the electric power system is arranged on the side edge of the self-heating pavement module, is connected with the electric heating system and is used for supplying power to the electric heating system; the modular road surface can be quickly assembled to construct a road, the arrangement of the modular structure takes the passing requirement of heavy-duty vehicles in a freezing and thawing mountain area into consideration, the modular road surface has enough strength and rigidity, can adapt to the requirements of snow melting and scouring in a plateau and high-cold area and road surface guarantee after a roadbed is hollowed, can utilize wind power energy generated by a self-contained fan, and can realize self-generation heating snow melting and deicing, and can guarantee all-weather uninterrupted passing of the road in the plateau and high-cold area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind power driven road self-heating pavement system, and belongs to the technical field of pavement systems.
Background
The ice and snow on the plateau alpine region are long in mountain-sealing period, and frozen soil regions are many, the road leading to other regions from national roads is mostly a simple and easy urgent road, it is poor to resist season ability, through freezing, after melting of a plurality of cycles, ordinary road surface is very easy to extrude broken, and often encounter snow melting and erode and draw empty, make road bed, road surface destroy, the road maintenance of region and traffic are all very difficult, especially fall snow in winter and freeze the mountain-sealing period, ordinary road snow freezes and can't pass, make regional traffic break, it is difficult to accomplish incessant all-weather traffic guarantee forever.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a wind power driven road self-heating pavement system, which can utilize wind power energy generated by a self-contained fan to perform self-power generation, heating, snow melting and deicing and can ensure that roads in plateau and alpine regions pass through all the weather and uninterruptedly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a wind power driven road self-heating pavement system, which comprises:
the self-heating type road surface module comprises a plurality of self-heating type road surface modules, wherein the self-heating type road surfaces are mutually connected to form a road surface;
the electric heating system comprises an electric heating film and a connecting circuit, wherein the electric heating film is laid on the lower surface of the self-heating pavement module and is connected with the connecting circuit at two ends of the self-heating pavement module to form a self-heating pavement module heating body;
and the electric power system is arranged on the side edge of the self-heating pavement module, is connected with the electric heating system and is used for supplying power to the electric heating system.
Furthermore, the longitudinal ends of the self-heating pavement modules are provided with longitudinal connecting joints, the transverse sides of the self-heating pavement modules are provided with transverse connecting joints, and the longitudinal connecting joints and the transverse connecting joints are both in a quick connecting mode and can be quickly spliced to form a pavement.
Further, self-heating road surface module includes panel and road surface spud pile, the road surface spud pile sets up in the outside of panel for the fixed panel.
Furthermore, the self-heating pavement module can be longitudinally spliced by a single panel, the single panel can be used as a single-track pavement, or the left panel and the right panel are spliced firstly, and then the double panels are longitudinally spliced to be used as a double-track pavement.
Furthermore, a plurality of disconnected strip-shaped anti-slip strips are welded on the upper surface of the panel, wherein the length of the anti-slip strips positioned in the middle of the panel is larger than that of the anti-slip strips positioned on the side edges of the panel, and the anti-slip strips are arranged in rows and columns on the panel at intervals smaller than the ground contact area of the wheels.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the self-heating pavement module is of an open lattice beam structure consisting of longitudinal beams, transverse beams and longitudinal ribs.
Furthermore, the arrangement of the longitudinal beams and the longitudinal ribs is based on the landing area of the wheel passing through the load, and each wheel is supported by the longitudinal beams and the longitudinal ribs.
Furthermore, the electric heating film is laid on the lower surface of the panel and continuously laid along the longitudinal direction of the panel after penetrating through the gap between the beam and the panel.
Furthermore, the electric heating system also comprises a heat insulation protection plate with heat reflection and heat preservation capacity, and the heat insulation protection plate is arranged below the electric heating film.
Furthermore, the electric power system comprises an installation base arranged on the side edge of the self-heating pavement module, and a wind generating set, an electric power modulation system and a power supply line which are arranged on the installation base, wherein the wind generating set is connected with the electric heating system through the power supply line, and the electric power modulation system is connected with the wind generating set and used for controlling the wind generating set.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a wind power-driven road self-heating pavement system, modular pavements can be quickly assembled to construct roads, the arrangement of a module structure takes the passing requirement of heavy-duty vehicles in a freezing and thawing mountain area into consideration, the system has sufficient strength and rigidity, can meet the requirements of pavement guarantee after a roadbed is hollowed and snow melting and scouring in a plateau alpine region, can utilize wind power energy generated by a self-contained fan, can perform self-power generation heating snow melting and deicing, and can guarantee all-weather uninterrupted passing of the roads in the plateau alpine region.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of a wind-powered self-heating road pavement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-heating pavement module provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic bottom structure view of a self-heating pavement module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric heating system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a self-heating pavement module; 10. a panel; 11. anti-slip strips; 12. a longitudinal connection joint; 13. A transverse connection joint; 14. fixing piles on the road surface; 113. a stringer; 114. a cross beam; 115. longitudinal ribs; 2. an electric heating system; 21. an electrothermal film; 22. a heat insulation protection plate; 23. connecting a line; 3. an electric power system; 31. a wind generating set; 32. a power modulation system; 33. a power supply line; 34. and (7) mounting a base.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment introduces a wind-powered self-heating road surface system, which includes: the self-heating type road surface module comprises a self-heating type road surface module 1, an electric heating system 2 and an electric power system 3;
as shown in fig. 2, the self-heating pavement modules 1 are symmetrical left and right, and can be assembled into a pavement in a split manner, the longitudinal ends of the self-heating pavement modules 1 are provided with quick longitudinal connecting joints 12, the lateral surfaces between the bilaterally symmetrical spokes are provided with quick transverse connecting joints 13, and the longitudinal connecting joints 12 and the transverse connecting joints 13 adopt a quick connecting manner, so that the pavement can be assembled quickly.
As shown in fig. 2, the self-heating pavement module 1 is provided with pavement fixing piles 14 on the outer side, the self-heating pavement module 1 can be longitudinally spliced by a single module, the single module can be used as a one-way pavement, or the left and right double modules are spliced firstly and then longitudinally spliced by the double modules to be used as a two-way pavement, the upper surface of a panel 10 of the self-heating pavement module 1 is welded with a plurality of disconnected strip-shaped anti-slip strips 11, the anti-slip strips 11 are longer in the middle of the panel 10, the length of the anti-slip strips 11 near the middle side edge of the panel 10 is shorter, the shorter anti-slip strips 11 can provide larger contact friction force for wheels, the wheels are prevented from slipping out of the self-heating pavement module 1, the anti-slip strips 11 are arranged in rows and columns in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the panel 10 at intervals smaller than the landing area of the wheels, and the anti-slip of the anti-slip strips 11 arranged at certain intervals are better than the common continuous wave-slip strips and are more suitable for the pavement of mountain road pavement.
As shown in fig. 3, the bottom surface of the self-heating pavement module 1 is an open lattice beam structure composed of longitudinal beams 113, cross beams 114 and longitudinal ribs 115. The arrangement of the longitudinal beams and the longitudinal ribs of the lattice beam structure is based on the landing area of the passing load wheels, and each wheel is supported by the longitudinal beams and the longitudinal ribs, so that the rigidity and the strength of the pavement slab are improved, and the special working conditions of using the middle road module to wash and hollowing and the like are adapted.
The pavement fixing piles 14 are located on the outer side of the self-heating pavement module 1 and used for fixing the self-heating pavement module 1 and preventing the pavement module from displacing in use after the pavement module is scoured and hollowed.
As shown in fig. 4, the electric heating system 2 is composed of an electric heating film 21, a heat insulation protection plate 22 and a connection circuit 23, the electric heating film 21 is laid on the lower surface of the panel 10 of the self-heating pavement module 1, penetrates through a gap 23 between the beam 114 and the panel 10, is laid continuously along the longitudinal direction of the panel 10, and is connected with the connection circuit 23 at two ends to form a heating body of the self-heating pavement module 1, the panel 10 is heated after being electrified to melt snow on the panel 10, the heat insulation protection plate 22 is arranged below the electric heating film 21, the heat insulation protection plate 22 has heat reflection and heat preservation capabilities, and when the electric heating film 21 is provided with heat insulation, the block stones entering an open grid beam structure and damaging the electric heating film 21 when the self-heating pavement module 1 is laid on a block stone roadbed.
As shown in fig. 5, the power system 3 is composed of a wind turbine generator 31, a power modulation system 32, a power supply line 33, and a mounting base 34. The electric power system 3 is installed on the side edge of the self-heating pavement module 1 through the installation base 34, the wind generating set 31 generates electricity under the action of wind power, and the accumulated snow on the panel 10 is melted by supplying power to the electric heating system 2 through the power supply line by performing a distributed electric power modulation system and control on the multi-fan installed on the side surfaces of the plurality of pavement modules and heating the panel 10 of the self-heating pavement module 1.
The working principle is as follows:
1. the self-heating pavement module 1 is quickly assembled into a pavement by utilizing quick longitudinal connecting joints 12 arranged at the longitudinal two ends and quick transverse connecting joints 13 arranged on the lateral surfaces between the left and right symmetrical spokes.
2. The self-heating pavement module 1 is formed by longitudinally splicing single modules to construct a single-track pavement or by longitudinally splicing left and right double modules and then longitudinally splicing the double modules to construct a double-track pavement.
3. In the assembling process of the self-heating type pavement modules 1, the pavement fixing piles 14 positioned on the outer sides of the self-heating type pavement modules 1 are used for fixing, and the pavement modules are prevented from being displaced in the use process after being brushed and hollowed under the pavement modules.
4. Electric power system 3 installs the side at self-heating road surface module 1 through mounting base 34, and wind generating set 31 generates electricity under the wind-force effect, through carrying out distributed electric power modulation system and control to installing in the many fans of a plurality of road surface module sides, supplies power to electric heating system 2 through the power supply line and heats panel 10 of self-heating road surface module 1, makes the snow on panel 10 melt to ensure that plateau alpine region battlefield road is incessant current in all weather.
The invention provides a wind power-driven road self-heating pavement system, modular pavements can be quickly assembled to construct roads, the arrangement of a module structure takes the passing requirement of heavy-duty vehicles in a freezing and thawing mountain area into consideration, the system has sufficient strength and rigidity, can meet the requirements of pavement guarantee after a roadbed is hollowed and snow melting and scouring in a plateau alpine region, can utilize wind power energy generated by a self-contained fan, can perform self-power generation heating snow melting and deicing, and can guarantee all-weather uninterrupted passing of the roads in the plateau alpine region.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a wind-powered electricity generation driven road self-heating formula road surface system which characterized in that includes:
the self-heating road surface module comprises a plurality of self-heating road surface modules (1), wherein the self-heating road surfaces are mutually connected to form a road surface;
the electric heating system (2) comprises an electric heating film (21) and a connecting circuit (23), wherein the electric heating film (21) is laid on the lower surface of the self-heating pavement module (1) and is connected with the connecting circuit (23) at two ends of the self-heating pavement module (1) to form a heating body of the self-heating pavement module (1);
and the electric power system (3) is arranged on the side edge of the self-heating pavement module (1), is connected with the electric heating system (2) and is used for supplying power to the electric heating system (2).
2. The wind-powered self-heating road surface system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the self-heating pavement module (1) is characterized in that longitudinal connecting joints (12) are arranged at the longitudinal ends of the self-heating pavement module, transverse connecting joints (13) are arranged at the transverse sides of the self-heating pavement module, the longitudinal connecting joints (12) and the transverse connecting joints (13) are both in a quick connecting mode, and the pavement can be quickly assembled.
3. The wind-powered self-heating road surface system according to claim 1, characterized in that: self-heating road surface module (1) is including panel (10) and road surface spud pile (14), road surface spud pile (14) set up in the outside of panel (10) for fixed panel (10).
4. The wind-powered self-heating road surface system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the self-heating pavement module (1) can be longitudinally spliced by a single panel (10) and used as a single-track pavement, or can be longitudinally spliced by a left panel and a right panel and then longitudinally spliced by the two panels (10) and used as a double-track pavement.
5. The wind-powered self-heating road pavement system according to claim 4, wherein: the anti-skid wheel is characterized in that a plurality of disconnected strip-shaped anti-skid strips (11) are welded on the upper surface of the panel (10), wherein the length of the anti-skid strips (11) positioned in the middle of the panel (10) is larger than that of the anti-skid strips (11) positioned on the side edges of the panel (10), and the anti-skid strips (11) are arranged in rows and columns on the panel (10) at intervals smaller than the landing area of wheels.
6. The wind-powered self-heating road pavement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom surface of the self-heating pavement module (1) is of an open lattice beam structure consisting of longitudinal beams (113), cross beams (114) and longitudinal ribs (115).
7. The wind-powered self-heating road pavement system according to claim 6, wherein: the arrangement of the longitudinal beams (113) and the longitudinal ribs (115) is based on the grounding area of the passing load wheels, and each wheel is supported by the longitudinal beams (113) and the longitudinal ribs (115).
8. The wind-powered self-heating road pavement system according to claim 7, wherein: the electric heating film (21) is laid on the lower surface of the panel (10) and continuously laid along the longitudinal direction of the panel (10) through a gap between the cross beam (114) and the panel (10).
9. The wind-powered self-heating road pavement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric heating system (2) further comprises a heat insulation protection plate (22) with heat reflection and heat preservation capabilities, and the heat insulation protection plate (22) is arranged below the electric heating film (21).
10. The wind-powered self-heating road pavement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric power system (3) comprises an installation base (34) arranged on the side edge of the self-heating pavement module (1) and a wind generating set (31), an electric power modulation system (32) and a power supply line (33) arranged on the installation base (34), the wind generating set (31) is connected with the electric heating system (2) through the power supply line (33), and the electric power modulation system (32) is connected with the wind generating set (31) and used for controlling the wind generating set (31).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210359053.7A CN114717895A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Wind-powered electricity generation driven road self-heating type pavement system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210359053.7A CN114717895A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Wind-powered electricity generation driven road self-heating type pavement system |
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| CN114717895A true CN114717895A (en) | 2022-07-08 |
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| CN202210359053.7A Pending CN114717895A (en) | 2022-04-07 | 2022-04-07 | Wind-powered electricity generation driven road self-heating type pavement system |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04194103A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1992-07-14 | Fujikura Ltd | Heat-storing type road snow thawing device using wind force |
| CN204435152U (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-07-01 | 湖北华舟重工应急装备股份有限公司 | Modularization road slab is used in a kind of construction |
| CN108951356A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-12-07 | 天津市尚典科技发展有限公司 | The solar powered graphene heating film snow-melting system of highway and the highway for having the system |
| CN213836131U (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-07-30 | 北京易晟元环保工程有限公司 | Heating and deicing assembled high-strength concrete pavement |
-
2022
- 2022-04-07 CN CN202210359053.7A patent/CN114717895A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04194103A (en) * | 1990-11-26 | 1992-07-14 | Fujikura Ltd | Heat-storing type road snow thawing device using wind force |
| CN204435152U (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-07-01 | 湖北华舟重工应急装备股份有限公司 | Modularization road slab is used in a kind of construction |
| CN108951356A (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2018-12-07 | 天津市尚典科技发展有限公司 | The solar powered graphene heating film snow-melting system of highway and the highway for having the system |
| CN213836131U (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-07-30 | 北京易晟元环保工程有限公司 | Heating and deicing assembled high-strength concrete pavement |
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Effective date of registration: 20221124 Address after: 210000 houbiaoying 88, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Applicant after: ARMY ENGINEERING University OF THE PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY OF CHINA Applicant after: 63983 FORCES, PLA Address before: No.88 houbiaoying, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210007 Applicant before: ARMY ENGINEERING University OF THE PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY OF CHINA |
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