CN114716177A - Preparation method of cement particle microcapsule suitable for self-repairing cement-based material - Google Patents
Preparation method of cement particle microcapsule suitable for self-repairing cement-based material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114716177A CN114716177A CN202210368184.1A CN202210368184A CN114716177A CN 114716177 A CN114716177 A CN 114716177A CN 202210368184 A CN202210368184 A CN 202210368184A CN 114716177 A CN114716177 A CN 114716177A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a microcapsule suitable for self-repairing cement-based material cement particles, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing an oil phase: mixing the solid particles and the capsule wall material according to the weight ratio of 1:1-1:10 to obtain an oil phase, and heating to 40-80 ℃; (2) preparing an aqueous phase: dissolving an anionic surfactant in water to obtain a water phase with the mass percent concentration of 0.1-5 wt%, and heating to 30-60 ℃; (3) emulsification: pouring the oil phase into the water phase and stirring for 15-60 minutes, wherein the weight ratio of the oil to the water is 1:1-1: 10; (4) interfacial polymerization: adding amine into the water phase, and reacting for 1-5 hours; (5) and (4) condensing. The invention has the advantages that: (1) the solid particles are successfully encapsulated, the microcapsule has good dispersibility and no adhesion phenomenon, and can be directly and uniformly mixed in the clear paste, the mortar and the concrete; (2) the repairing agent is cement, and has better compatibility with cement-based materials; (3) the capsule core does not contain diluent, and the core material is the active ingredient.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for preparing a microcapsule taking cement particles as capsule cores, which is suitable for automatically repairing microcracks of a cement-based material, in particular to a method for preparing a microcapsule taking the cement particles as the capsule cores by encapsulating the cement particles by a melting, dispersing and condensing technology and breaking the limitation that only a liquid repairing agent can be prepared as the microcapsule, thereby synthesizing the microcapsule taking the cement particles as the capsule cores.
The background art comprises the following steps:
because the cement-based material has the advantages of low cost, convenient molding, good durability and the like, the cement-based material is widely applied to the fields of municipal engineering, storage of highly toxic chemicals, radiation protection and the like. However, the cement-based material has the defects of easy early shrinkage, low tensile strength, large brittleness and the like, and is particularly easy to generate microcracks in an uneven load or severe weather environment, the microcracks gradually expand into large-size cracks, the durability of the cement-based material is reduced, and potential safety hazards of structures and personnel are brought. Therefore, solving the problem of the damage of the microcracks to the cement-based materials is an urgent need in the engineering field at present.
Self-healing technology has attracted a great many scientists to research in this area in the past decade as a new type of repair technology. The self-repairing technology takes the microcracks as stimulation signals, when the microcracks are generated, active substances are exposed in the microcracks and react, and the microcracks are bonded and filled by utilizing newly generated reaction products, so that the automatic repairing of the microcracks is realized.
The microcapsule is a powdery substance which takes a solid capsule wall as a shell material and a liquid active monomer as a capsule core, can prevent the release of the liquid capsule core in concrete, but can release the liquid capsule core to enter micro cracks after being broken by the tip stress of the micro cracks, and can realize the filling and bonding of the micro cracks after being cured. The core-shell structure of the microcapsule has very good stability and crack sensitivity, and the self-repairing effect of the microcracks can be regulated and controlled by changing the chemical structure of the capsule core. At present, no microcapsule with the core of cement particles is produced. Therefore, the cement particles are used as the capsule core, the polymer is used as the capsule wall, when the microcracks are generated, the cement particles as the capsule core can generate an expansion product based on different mechanisms to fill and bond the microcracks, and therefore the self-repairing function is realized. The microcapsule taking the cement particles as the capsule core further expands the application field and the application prospect of the microcapsule.
Patent CN108191282A (published: 2018.06.22) utilizes polymer emulsion microcapsules with polymer emulsion as core material and paraffin and petroleum resin as wall. Because the paraffin and the petroleum resin belong to brittle thermoplastic materials, when the concrete generates micro cracks under the action of temperature stress or external force, the mixed capsule wall of the paraffin and the petroleum resin is easy to crack, the polymer emulsion flows out to enter the concrete cracks, and after the water is volatilized, the polymer forms a film to repair the cracks. But the capsule wall has low wrapping rate and shorter repairing time.
In patent CN111268937A (published: 2020.6.12), one or more of sulphoaluminate, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide swelling agents are used as capsule core materials, and polymethyl methacrylate is used as capsule wall materials, and the capsule wall materials and the capsule core materials are firstly mixed, extruded into strip-shaped extrudate by a screw propulsion extrusion mode, and then ground into spherical particles. The method can finally obtain the multi-core microcapsule, the release efficiency of the core is lower after the multi-core microcapsule is broken by microcracks, and the grinding process easily causes the solid particles to be exposed on the surface of the microcapsule to lose the repair activity.
In the experiment of patent CN112811845A (published: 2021.05.18), dimethylthiotoluenediamine is used as a core material, glyceryl tristearate is used as a wall material, the preparation method is simple, the microcapsule is spherical, the dispersibility is good, the compressive strength repair rate reaches 31% when the prepressing degree of the cement-based self-repairing material prepared by compounding the microcapsule with epoxy resin and ordinary portland cement is 80% after curing for 28 days, and the self-repairing effect is obvious. However, the invention is only suitable for wrapping the liquid repairing agent and cannot wrap cement particles.
The method described in most patents can be used for coating the liquid repairing agent, and can realize the preparation of multi-core microcapsules with cement particles as capsule cores. However, the capsule core of the previous liquid repairing agent microcapsule is an organic repairing agent, and the cement particles cannot be applied to the self-repairing cement-based material at present. In addition, the encapsulation method of the cement particle microcapsule can only obtain a multi-core microcapsule, after the micro-cracks break through, the release efficiency of the repairing agent is low, and the microcapsule with single cement particle as a capsule core cannot be obtained by the existing method. The microcapsule with the cement particles as the capsule core is beneficial to improving the compatibility of the repairing agent and the cement-based material, thereby improving the self-repairing efficiency, and is more environment-friendly and safer, but the work related to the aspect is not reported at home and abroad.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for synthesizing microcapsules with cement particles as capsule cores and polymers as capsule walls. Firstly, mixing cement particles, paraffin, isocyanate, normal hexane and an emulsifier to form an oil phase, dissolving an anionic surfactant in water to form a water phase, adding the oil phase into the water phase at a certain rotating speed for emulsification and interfacial polymerization, and condensing after a period of time to obtain the microcapsule with the cement particles as capsule cores. The invention realizes the wrapping of cement particles by using a melting, dispersing and condensing technology, and achieves the precedent of wrapping the cement particles in microcapsules. The cement particle microcapsule synthesized by the method can achieve the purpose of repairing cement by using cement. The cement particle microcapsule shows more excellent effect and wider development space than the traditional liquid capsule core microcapsule.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:
a preparation method of a cement particle microcapsule suitable for a self-repairing cement-based material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing an oil phase: mixing the solid particles and the capsule wall material according to the weight ratio of 1:1-1:10 to obtain an oil phase, and heating the oil phase to 40-80 ℃ in a water bath; wherein the capsule wall material comprises the following components: 0.1 to 5.0 weight percent of surfactant, 0 to 50 weight percent of isocyanate, 0 to 90 weight percent of paraffin and 1 to 10 weight percent of normal hexane, wherein the sum of the weight percent of the surfactant, the isocyanate, the paraffin and the normal hexane is 100 weight percent;
(2) preparing an aqueous phase: dissolving an anionic surfactant in water to obtain a water phase with the mass percent concentration of 0.1-5 wt%, and heating to 30-60 ℃;
(3) emulsification: pouring the oil phase into the water phase at the rotation speed of 200r/min-700r/min, and stirring for 15-60 minutes, wherein the weight ratio of oil to water is 1:1-1: 10;
(4) interfacial polymerization: adding one or more amines into the water phase, and reacting for 1-5 hours, wherein the ratio of the amines to the water in the water phase is 10g of amines added into every 200 ml;
(5) condensation: pouring cold water into the water phase, washing the microcapsule for 4-5 times and drying for 12-24 hours;
the surfactant in the step (1) is Span 85; the isocyanate is one or more of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), dicyclohexyl methane diisocyanate (HMDI) and Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI); in the step (1), the solid particles are cement particles, and the particle size of the particles is 100-1250-micron size particles; the anionic surfactant used in the step (2) is one or more of various sulfonates.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) the solid particles are successfully encapsulated, the microcapsule has good dispersibility and no adhesion phenomenon, and can be directly and uniformly mixed in the clear paste, the mortar and the concrete; (2) the repairing agent is cement, and has better compatibility with cement-based materials; (3) the capsule core does not contain diluent, and the core material is the active ingredient.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a microscopic view of the microcapsule size obtained; FIG. 1b is a diagram of the broken microcapsules obtained; FIG. 1b is a photograph showing the microcapsules embedded in the resin
Detailed Description
Example 1
Cement (PC 42.5) 10g was mixed with an ethanol solution (10 wt%) of PVP 0.5g, press-molded under a pressure of 10kN, and then pulverized in a mortar and sieved through a square-hole sieve having a hole diameter of 400 μm to obtain activated cement particles. 2g of activated cement particles having a diameter of 400 μm, 3.5g of paraffin wax, 0.4g of n-hexane and 0.1g of Span85 were uniformly mixed as an oil phase, and heated to 65 ℃ in a water bath.
1g of SDBS was dissolved in 200mL of water and heated to 65 ℃ in a water bath.
The oil phase was poured into the aqueous phase and emulsified for 15 minutes at a speed of 700 r/min. 300ml of water are then poured into the aqueous phase and the stirring is stopped.
The microcapsules were washed 4 times in water and then air-dried for 1 hour to obtain final microcapsules.
The obtained microcapsule is white powder, is uniformly dispersed, and has spherical single particle and capsule core volume content of more than 70%.
Example 2
Cement (PC 62.5) 10g was mixed with an ethanol solution (10 wt%) of PVP uniformly, press-molded under a pressure of 20kN, and then pulverized in a mortar and sieved through a square-hole sieve having a hole diameter of 600 μm to obtain activated cement particles. 2g of activated cement particles having a diameter of 600 μm, 3.5g of paraffin wax, 0.4g of n-hexane and 0.1g of Span85 were mixed uniformly as an oil phase, and heated to 65 ℃ in a water bath.
1g of SDBS was dissolved in 200mL of water and heated to 65 ℃ in a water bath.
The oil phase was poured into the aqueous phase and emulsified for 15 minutes at 1000 r/min. 300ml of water are then poured into the aqueous phase and the stirring is stopped.
The microcapsules were washed 4 times in water and then air-dried for 1 hour to obtain final microcapsules.
The obtained microcapsule is white powder, is uniformly dispersed, and has spherical single particle and capsule core volume content of more than 70%.
Example 3
Cement (PC 42.5) 10g was mixed with an ethanol solution (15 wt%) of PVP uniformly, press-molded under a pressure of 10kN, and then pulverized in a mortar and sieved through a square mesh sieve having a pore size of 600 μm to obtain activated cement particles. 2g of activated cement particles having a diameter of 600 μm, 3.5g of paraffin wax, 0.4g of n-hexane and 0.1g of Span85 were mixed uniformly as an oil phase, and heated to 65 ℃ in a water bath.
1g of SDBS was dissolved in 200mL of water and heated to 65 ℃ in a water bath.
The oil phase was poured into the aqueous phase and emulsified at 1000r/min for 20 minutes. 500ml of water are then poured into the aqueous phase and the stirring is stopped.
The microcapsules were washed 4 times in water and then air-dried for 1 hour to obtain final microcapsules.
The obtained microcapsule is white powder, is uniformly dispersed, and has spherical single particle and capsule core volume content of more than 70%.
Example 4
Cement (PC 42.5) 10g was mixed with an ethanol solution (10 wt%) of PVP 0.5g, press-molded under a pressure of 10kN, and then pulverized in a mortar and sieved through a square-hole sieve having a hole diameter of 400 μm to obtain activated cement particles. 2g of active cement particles with the diameter of 400 mu m, 3.5g of paraffin, 1g of HMDI, 0.4g of n-hexane and 0.1g of span85 are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to be used as an oil phase of the capsule wall material solution, and the oil phase is heated to 75 ℃ in a water bath.
200mL of water and 1g of SDBS were mixed and dissolved in 200mL of water, stirred at 400r/min to be completely dissolved and subjected to a water bath, the temperature of which was adjusted to 65 ℃ in the water bath.
2g of active cement particles with the particle size of 400 mu m are poured into the prepared oil phase and are stirred uniformly, and then the oil phase is poured into the water phase and is stirred and emulsified for 15 minutes under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000 r/min. 10g TEPA was added to the aqueous phase and reacted for 2 hours. Then 300ml of water was poured into the aqueous phase and the stirring was stopped.
The obtained microcapsule is white powder, is uniformly dispersed, and has spherical single particle and capsule core volume content of more than 70%.
Example 5
Cement (PC 62.5) 10g was mixed with an ethanol solution (15 wt%) of PVP 0.5g, press-molded under a pressure of 10kN, and then pulverized in a mortar and sieved through a square-hole sieve having a hole diameter of 400 μm to obtain activated cement particles. 2g of active cement particles with the diameter of 400 mu m, 3.5g of paraffin, 1g of IPDI, 0.4g of n-hexane and 0.1g of span85 are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to be used as an oil phase of the capsule wall material solution, and the oil phase is heated to 65 ℃ in a water bath.
200mL of water and 1g of SDBS were mixed and dissolved in 200mL of water, stirred at 400r/min to be completely dissolved and subjected to a water bath, the temperature of which was adjusted to 65 ℃ in the water bath.
2g of active cement particles with the particle size of 400 mu m are poured into the prepared oil phase and are stirred uniformly, and then the oil phase is poured into the water phase and is stirred and emulsified for 15 minutes under the condition that the rotating speed is 700 r/min. 10g of TEPA were added to the aqueous phase and reacted for 2 hours. Then 300ml of water was poured into the aqueous phase and the stirring was stopped.
The obtained microcapsule is white powder, is uniformly dispersed, and has spherical single particle and capsule core volume content of more than 70%.
Example 6
Cement (PC 42.5) 10g was mixed with an ethanol solution (10 wt%) of PVP 0.5g, press-molded under a pressure of 10kN, and then pulverized in a mortar and sieved through a square-hole sieve having a hole diameter of 400 μm to obtain activated cement particles. 2g of active cement particles with the diameter of 400 mu m, 3.5g of paraffin, 0.5g of toluene diisocyanate, 0.4g of n-hexane and 0.1g of span85 are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to be used as an oil phase of the capsule wall material solution, and the oil phase is heated to 75 ℃ in a water bath.
200mL of water and 1g of SDBS were mixed and dissolved in 200mL of water, stirred at 400r/min to be completely dissolved and subjected to a water bath, the temperature of which was adjusted to 65 ℃ in the water bath.
2g of active cement particles with the particle size of 400 mu m are poured into the prepared oil phase and are uniformly stirred, and then the oil phase is poured into the water phase and is stirred and emulsified for 15 minutes under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000 r/min. 10g of TEPA were added to the aqueous phase and reacted for 2 hours. Then 300ml of water was poured into the aqueous phase and the stirring was stopped.
The obtained microcapsule is white powder, is uniformly dispersed, and has spherical single particle and capsule core volume content of more than 70%.
Example 7
Cement (PC 42.5) 10g was mixed with an ethanol solution (10 wt%) of PVP 0.5g, press-molded under a pressure of 10kN, and then pulverized in a mortar and sieved through a square-hole sieve having a hole diameter of 400 μm to obtain activated cement particles. 2g of active cement particles with the diameter of 400 mu m, 3.5g of paraffin, 1.5g of isophorone diisocyanate, 0.4g of n-hexane and 0.1g of span85 are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to be used as an oil phase of the capsule wall material solution, and the oil phase is heated to 75 ℃ in a water bath.
200mL of water and 1g of SDBS were mixed and dissolved in 200mL of water, and the mixture was stirred at 400r/min to be completely dissolved and subjected to water bath, the temperature of the water bath was adjusted to 65 ℃ in the water bath.
2g of active cement particles with the particle size of 400 mu m are poured into the prepared oil phase and are uniformly stirred, and then the oil phase is poured into the water phase and is stirred and emulsified for 15 minutes under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000 r/min. 10g of TEPA were added to the aqueous phase and reacted for 2 hours. Then 300ml of water was poured into the aqueous phase and the stirring was stopped.
The obtained microcapsule is white powder, has uniform dispersion, single particle is spherical, and the content of capsule core volume is above 70 percent in example 8
Cement (PC 42.5) 10g was mixed with an ethanol solution (10 wt%) of PVP 0.5g, press-molded under a pressure of 10kN, and then pulverized in a mortar and sieved through a square-hole sieve having a hole diameter of 400 μm to obtain activated cement particles. 2g of active cement particles with the diameter of 400 mu m, 3.5g of paraffin, 3.5g of hexamethylene diisocyanate, 0.4g of normal hexane and 0.1g of span85 are uniformly mixed according to the proportion to be used as an oil phase of the capsule wall material solution, and the oil phase is heated to 75 ℃ in a water bath.
200mL of water and 1g of SDBS were mixed and dissolved in 200mL of water, stirred at 400r/min to be completely dissolved and subjected to a water bath, the temperature of which was adjusted to 65 ℃ in the water bath.
2g of active cement particles with the particle size of 400 mu m are poured into the prepared oil phase and are uniformly stirred, and then the oil phase is poured into the water phase and is stirred and emulsified for 15 minutes under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000 r/min. 10g of TEPA were added to the aqueous phase and reacted for 2 hours. Then 300ml of water was poured into the aqueous phase and the stirring was stopped.
The obtained microcapsule is white powder, is uniformly dispersed, and has spherical single particle and capsule core volume content of more than 70%.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method of a cement particle microcapsule suitable for a self-repairing cement-based material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing an oil phase: mixing the solid particles and the capsule wall material according to the weight ratio of 1:1-1:10 to obtain an oil phase, and heating the oil phase to 40-80 ℃ in a water bath; wherein the capsule wall material comprises the following components: 0.1 to 5.0 weight percent of surfactant, 0 to 50 weight percent of isocyanate, 0 to 90 weight percent of paraffin and 1 to 10 weight percent of normal hexane, wherein the sum of the weight percent of the surfactants and the weight percent of the normal hexane is 100 weight percent;
(2) preparing an aqueous phase: dissolving an anionic surfactant in water to obtain a water phase with the mass percent concentration of 0.1-5 wt%, and heating to 30-60 ℃;
(3) emulsification: pouring the oil phase into the water phase at the rotation speed of 200r/min-700r/min, and stirring for 15-60 minutes, wherein the weight ratio of oil to water is 1:1-1: 10;
(4) interfacial polymerization: adding one or more amines into the water phase, and reacting for 1-5 hours, wherein the ratio of the amines to the water in the water phase is 10g of amines per 200 ml;
(5) condensation: pouring cold water into the water phase, washing the microcapsule for 4-5 times and drying for 12-24 hours;
the surfactant in the step (1) is Span 85; the isocyanate is one or more of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI) and Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI); in the step (1), the solid particles are cement particles, and the particle size of the particles is 100-1250-micron size particles; the anionic surfactant used in the step (2) is one or more of various sulfonates.
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| CN116332556A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-06-27 | 天津大学 | Self-repairing system for water-adaptive cement, and preparation method and application thereof |
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