CN114715968A - Seawater desalination treatment system and method - Google Patents
Seawater desalination treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114715968A CN114715968A CN202210416751.6A CN202210416751A CN114715968A CN 114715968 A CN114715968 A CN 114715968A CN 202210416751 A CN202210416751 A CN 202210416751A CN 114715968 A CN114715968 A CN 114715968A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/041—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by means of vapour compression
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/043—Details
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a seawater desalination treatment system and method, wherein the device comprises a waste heat recovery device, the waste heat recovery device absorbs heat of high-temperature gas and generates power steam, the power steam enters a steam compressor through a first pipeline and drives the steam compressor to generate first-effect heating steam, the first-effect heating steam enters a heat exchange pipe arranged in an evaporation system through a second pipeline, the first-effect heating steam releases heat in the heat exchange pipe and heats seawater outside the heat exchange pipe, the seawater enters a spraying pipeline through a third pipeline from an original seawater input pipeline, one end of the spraying pipeline is connected with a sprayer, the sprayer is arranged in the evaporation system, steam generated by the seawater outside the heat exchange pipe enters a condenser through a fourth pipeline, and the condenser is connected with a fresh water discharge pipeline. The system has stable operation, convenient maintenance and low energy consumption, and is suitable for seawater desalination in the environments of islands and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination, and relates to a seawater desalination treatment system and a method thereof.
Background
Many islands in the south China sea are lack of fresh water due to the limitations of special natural geography and the like, some islands even depend on rainwater and ships to convey fresh water all the year round, and residents on the islands have difficulty in using fresh water for life. The seawater is desalted by an effective mode to produce fresh water, and the fresh water is used as an increment, source opening and substitution technology of water resources, so that the method is an effective way for solving the problem of fresh water resource shortage in island regions in China.
The mainstream seawater desalination method at present can be divided into a thermal method and a membrane method according to different desalination principles, wherein the membrane method seawater desalination is mainly a reverse osmosis seawater desalination process, and the thermal method seawater desalination technology mainly comprises multi-stage flash evaporation and multi-effect evaporation technology. The reverse osmosis seawater desalination system has large operation and maintenance amount, high operation cost, poor water quality of produced water and large comprehensive utilization difficulty of concentrated seawater; compared with the membrane seawater desalination technology, the hot method seawater desalination technology has the advantages of low requirement on the quality of raw seawater, high water production rate and good water production quality, and is the most widely applied seawater desalination technology at present. However, the existing hot seawater desalination technology has the defects of high energy consumption, high water production cost, complex system and the like, and further application of the technology in island seawater desalination with relatively deficient resources and energy sources is limited. A seawater desalination system with low energy consumption, simple process and convenient operation must be developed to ensure seawater desalination production and stable fresh water supply in the south sea island.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a seawater desalination treatment system and a seawater desalination treatment method, wherein the system is stable in operation, convenient and fast to maintain, low in energy consumption and suitable for seawater desalination in the environments of islands and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a seawater desalination treatment system, includes waste heat recovery device, waste heat recovery device absorbs high-temperature gas's heat and produces power steam, and power steam gets into the vapor compressor through first pipeline to drive the vapor compressor and produce first effect heating steam, first effect heating steam gets into the heat exchange tube that sets up in the vaporization system through the second pipeline, first effect heating steam releases the heat and heats the evaporation with the sea water outside the heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube, and the sea water gets into in the spray pipeline through the third pipeline from former sea water input pipeline, and spray pipeline one end is connected with the spray thrower, the spray thrower sets up inside the vaporization system, and the steam that the sea water outside the heat exchange tube produced gets into in the condenser through the fourth pipeline, be connected with fresh water discharge pipeline on the condenser.
Further, the evaporation system comprises a first-effect evaporator, a second-effect evaporator and a third-effect evaporator which are connected in sequence, and spraying pipelines are communicated in the first-effect evaporator, the second-effect evaporator and the third-effect evaporator.
Furthermore, a first heat exchange tube, a second heat exchange tube and a third heat exchange tube are respectively arranged in the first effect evaporator, the second effect evaporator and the third effect evaporator, and first effect heating steam is introduced into the first heat exchange tube; the first-effect heating steam releases heat in the first heat exchange pipe and condenses, seawater outside the first heat exchange pipe is heated and evaporated by the heat released by the first-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as second-effect heating steam and enters the second heat exchange pipe; the second-effect heating steam releases heat in the second heat exchange pipe and condenses, seawater outside the second heat exchange pipe is heated by the heat released by the second-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as third-effect heating steam and enters the third heat exchange pipe; the third effect heating steam releases heat in the third heat exchange pipe and condenses, the seawater outside the third heat exchange pipe is heated by the heat released by the third effect heating steam, and the steam generated by the seawater is introduced into the condenser.
Furthermore, the condensed water generated in the first heat exchange tube is led to the waste heat recovery device through a fifth pipeline, the condensed water generated in the second heat exchange tube and the condensed water generated in the third heat exchange tube are both conveyed to the fresh water collecting device through a fresh water collecting pipeline, and the fresh water discharging pipeline is connected with the fresh water collecting pipeline.
Furthermore, demisting nets are arranged in the first effect evaporator, the second effect evaporator and the third effect evaporator.
Furthermore, strong brine discharge pipelines are arranged at the bottoms of the first effect evaporator, the second effect evaporator and the third effect evaporator.
Furthermore, a last effect steam pipe is connected between the condenser and the steam heat compressor.
Furthermore, one end of the original seawater input pipeline and one end of the third pipeline are both connected with the condenser.
Furthermore, the condenser is also connected with a cooling seawater discharge pipeline.
A seawater desalination treatment method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, absorbing heat of the high-temperature gas by the waste heat recovery device to generate power steam, enabling the power steam to enter the steam compressor through the first pipeline, driving the steam compressor to generate first-effect heating steam, and leading the first-effect heating steam into the first heat exchange pipe; meanwhile, the original seawater enters a spraying pipeline from an original seawater input pipeline through a third pipeline and is sprayed into the first effect evaporator, the second effect evaporator and the third effect evaporator;
s2, the heat released by the first-effect heating steam in the first heat exchange tube is condensed, seawater outside the first heat exchange tube is heated and evaporated by the heat released by the first-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as second-effect heating steam to enter the second heat exchange tube; the second-effect heating steam releases heat in the second heat exchange pipe and condenses, seawater outside the second heat exchange pipe is heated by the heat released by the second-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as third-effect heating steam and enters the third heat exchange pipe; the third-effect heating steam releases heat in the third heat exchange pipe and condenses, the seawater outside the third heat exchange pipe is heated by the heat released by the third-effect heating steam, and the steam generated by the seawater is introduced into the condenser;
and S3, condensing the steam in the condenser and then feeding the condensed steam into a fresh water collecting device through a first fresh water discharge pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the system adopts the waste heat recovery device to recover the heat generated by the garbage incinerator, fully utilizes the waste heat of the waste gas, and reduces the system energy consumption of the seawater desalination treatment device;
(2) the steam heat compressor 2 extracts final-effect steam with lower pressure in the condenser 4, the pressure and the temperature of the final-effect steam are improved, the final-effect steam and the power steam are mixed and then serve as heating steam of the evaporation system 3, the energy utilization rate is effectively improved, the energy consumption is further reduced, and the production cost is saved;
(3) the device adopts a triple-effect tubular low-temperature multiple-effect distillation technology and a parallel feeding mode, has a simple structure and is simple and convenient to control, and the brine and the fresh water flow automatically step by step, so that the pressure of the brine and the fresh water of each effect is reduced step by step, the brine and the fresh water are gradually and automatically reserved to the next effect under the action of the pressure difference between the effects, an inter-effect pump is not required to be arranged, and the energy consumption is reduced;
(4) the method adopts the integral sealing form of the evaporator and the steam injection technology, and extracts the final effect steam with lower pressure in the condenser 4 through the steam compressor 2, thereby solving the problem of vacuum degree in the evaporator and the condenser;
(5) the system has stable operation, convenient maintenance and low energy consumption, and is suitable for sea water desalination in the environments of islands and the like.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a seawater desalination treatment system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a seawater desalination treatment system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a seawater desalination treatment system according to the present invention;
wherein: 1. a waste heat recovery device; 2. a vapor compressor; 3. an evaporation system; 3.1, a first-effect evaporator; 3.2, a second effect evaporator; 3.3, a third effect evaporator; 3.11, a first heat exchange tube; 3.21, a second heat exchange tube; 3.31, a third heat exchange tube; 4. a condenser; 5. a third pipeline; 6. a raw seawater input pipeline; 7. a fresh water collection pipeline; 8. a strong brine discharge pipeline; 9. a second pipeline; 10. a fifth pipeline; 11. a first pipeline; 12. cooling the seawater discharge pipeline; 13. a defogging net; 14. a last effect steam pipe; 15. a fourth pipeline; 16. a fresh water discharge pipeline; 17. a sprayer; 18. a fresh water collection device; 19. and (4) a spraying pipeline.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-3, a seawater desalination treatment system comprises a waste heat recovery device 1, wherein the waste heat recovery device 1 absorbs heat of high-temperature gas and generates power steam, the power steam enters a steam compressor 2 through a first pipeline 11 and drives the steam compressor 2 to generate first-effect heating steam, the first-effect heating steam enters a heat exchange pipe arranged in an evaporation system 3 through a second pipeline 9, the first-effect heating steam releases heat in the heat exchange pipe and heats and evaporates seawater outside the heat exchange pipe, seawater enters a spraying pipeline 19 from an original seawater input pipeline 6 through a third pipeline 5, one end of the spraying pipeline 19 is connected with a sprayer 17, the sprayer 17 is arranged at the evaporation system 3, steam generated by seawater outside the heat exchange pipe enters a condenser 4 through a fourth pipeline 15, and the condenser 4 is connected with a fresh water discharge pipeline 16. The arrangement of the sprayers 17 is combined and arranged, so that the seawater with various effects flows from top to bottom in a film form, and the high-temperature gas absorbed by the waste heat recovery device can come from a garbage incinerator and other devices capable of generating high-temperature gas.
Specifically, the evaporation system 3 comprises a first-effect evaporator 3.1, a second-effect evaporator 3.2 and a third-effect evaporator 3.3 which are connected in sequence, and spraying pipelines 19 are communicated in the first-effect evaporator 3.1, the second-effect evaporator 3.2 and the third-effect evaporator 3.3. The three-effect tube type low-temperature multi-effect distillation technology and the parallel feeding mode are adopted, the structure is simple, the control is simple and convenient, the brine and the fresh water are self-retained step by step, an inter-effect pump is not required to be arranged, and the energy consumption is reduced. A first heat exchange tube 3.11, a second heat exchange tube 3.21 and a third heat exchange tube 3.31 are respectively arranged in the first effect evaporator 3.1, the second effect evaporator 3.2 and the third effect evaporator 3.3, and first effect heating steam is introduced into the first heat exchange tube 3.11; the first-effect heating steam releases heat in the first heat exchange tube 3.11 and condenses, seawater outside the first heat exchange tube 3.11 is heated and evaporated by the heat released by the first-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater enters the second heat exchange tube 3.21 as second-effect heating steam; the second-effect heating steam releases heat in the second heat exchange tube 3.21 and is condensed, seawater outside the second heat exchange tube 3.21 is heated through the heat released by the second-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as third-effect heating steam and enters the third heat exchange tube 3.31; the third-effect heating steam releases heat in the third heat exchange tube 3.31 and condenses, the seawater outside the third heat exchange tube 3.31 is heated by the heat released by the third-effect heating steam, and the steam generated by the seawater is introduced into the condenser 4. The first heat exchange tube 3.11, the second heat exchange tube 3.21 and the third heat exchange tube 3.31 are all horizontally arranged. The condensed water generated in the first heat exchange tube 3.11 is led to the waste heat recovery device 1 through the fifth pipeline 10 to be used as the water supplement for the waste heat recovery device 1, the condensed water generated in the second heat exchange tube 3.21 and the third heat exchange tube 3.31 are both conveyed to the fresh water collection device 18 through the fresh water collection pipeline 7, and the fresh water discharge pipeline 16 is connected with the fresh water collection pipeline 7.
Furthermore, demisting nets 13 are arranged in the first-effect evaporator 3.1, the second-effect evaporator 3.2 and the third-effect evaporator 3.3 and used for removing part of salt-containing liquid drops carried in the last-effect steam and ensuring the quality of water produced by the system.
Further, strong brine discharge pipelines 8 are arranged at the bottoms of the first effect evaporator 3.1, the second effect evaporator 3.2 and the third effect evaporator 3.3.
Further, a last effect steam pipe 14 is connected between the condenser 4 and the steam heat compressor 2. The steam heat compressor 2 extracts final-effect steam with lower pressure in the condenser 4, the pressure and the temperature of the final-effect steam are improved, the final-effect steam and the power steam are mixed to serve as heating steam of the first-effect evaporator 3.1, seawater is heated and evaporated, the circulation is repeated, the energy utilization rate is effectively improved, the energy consumption is further reduced, and the production cost is saved.
Furthermore, one end of the original seawater input pipeline 6 and one end of the third pipeline 5 are both connected with the condenser 4. The raw material seawater passes through the condenser 4 and then enters the spraying pipeline 19 through the third pipeline 5, the steam in the condenser 4 improves the water inlet temperature of the raw material seawater, the evaporation of the seawater in the first-effect low-temperature evaporator 3.1, the second-effect low-temperature evaporator 3.2 and the third-effect low-temperature evaporator 3.3 is facilitated, the energy consumption in the seawater evaporation process is reduced, and it needs to be noted that when no steam enters the condenser at first, the raw material seawater is directly introduced into the third pipeline 5 without being heated.
Further, the condenser 4 is connected with a cooling seawater discharge pipeline 12 for discharging redundant seawater.
The embodiment also provides a seawater desalination treatment method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, the waste heat recovery device 1 absorbs heat of the high-temperature gas and generates power steam, the power steam enters the steam compressor 2 through the first pipeline 11 and drives the steam compressor 2 to generate first-effect heating steam, and the first-effect heating steam is introduced into the first heat exchange tube 3.11; meanwhile, the original seawater enters a spraying pipeline 19 from an original seawater input pipeline 6 through a third pipeline 5, and the seawater is sprayed into a first-effect evaporator 3.1, a second-effect evaporator 3.2 and a third-effect evaporator 3.3;
s2, the first-effect heating steam releases heat in the first heat exchange tube 3.11 and condenses, seawater outside the first heat exchange tube 3.11 is heated and evaporated by the heat released by the first-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater as second-effect heating steam enters the second heat exchange tube 3.21; the second-effect heating steam releases heat in the second heat exchange tube 3.21 and is condensed, seawater outside the second heat exchange tube 3.21 is heated through the heat released by the second-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as third-effect heating steam and enters the third heat exchange tube 3.31; the third-effect heating steam releases heat in the third heat exchange tube 3.31 and condenses, the seawater outside the third heat exchange tube 3.31 is heated by the heat released by the third-effect heating steam, and the steam generated by the seawater is introduced into the condenser 4;
and S3, condensing the steam in the condenser 4, and then entering the fresh water collecting device 18 through the first fresh water discharge pipeline 16.
The system adopts the waste heat recovery device to recover the heat generated by the garbage incinerator, fully utilizes the waste heat of the waste gas, and reduces the system energy consumption of the seawater desalination treatment device; the steam heat compressor 2 extracts final-effect steam with lower pressure in the condenser 4, the pressure and the temperature of the final-effect steam are improved, the final-effect steam and the power steam are mixed and then serve as heating steam of the evaporation system 3, the energy utilization rate is effectively improved, the energy consumption is further reduced, and the production cost is saved.
The parallel feeding mode is simple in structure and convenient to control, the salt water and the fresh water flow automatically step by step, the salt water and the fresh water in each effect have different pressures, the pressures are reduced step by step, an inter-effect pressure difference exists, the salt water and the fresh water can be self-retained to the next effect step by step under the action of the pressure difference, an inter-effect pump is not needed, and the energy consumption is reduced, wherein the pressure intensity in the first-effect evaporator 3.1 is set to be 19-22Pa, the pressure intensity in the second-effect evaporator 3.2 is set to be 16-18Pa, and the pressure intensity in the third-effect evaporator 3.3 is set to be 13-15 Pa; the method adopts the integral sealing form of the evaporator and the steam injection technology, and extracts the final effect steam with lower pressure in the condenser 4 through the steam compressor 2, thereby solving the problem of vacuum degree in the evaporator and the condenser; the system has stable operation, convenient maintenance and low energy consumption, and is suitable for sea water desalination in the environments of islands and the like.
The above description is merely illustrative of particular embodiments of the invention that enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A seawater desalination treatment system is characterized by comprising a waste heat recovery device (1), wherein the waste heat collection device (1) absorbs heat of high-temperature gas and generates power steam, the power steam enters a steam compressor (2) through a first pipeline (11) and drives the steam compressor (2) to generate first-effect heating steam, the first-effect heating steam enters a heat exchange pipe arranged in an evaporation system (3) through a second pipeline (9), the first-effect heating steam releases heat in the heat exchange pipe and heats and evaporates seawater outside the heat exchange pipe, the seawater enters a spraying pipeline (19) from an original seawater input pipeline (6) through a third pipeline (5), one end of the spraying pipeline (19) is connected with a sprayer (17), the sprayer (17) is arranged inside the evaporation system (3), and steam generated by the seawater outside the heat exchange pipe enters a condenser (4) through a fourth pipeline (15), and the condenser (4) is connected with a fresh water discharge pipeline (16).
2. The seawater desalination treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation system (3) comprises a first-effect evaporator (3.1), a second-effect evaporator (3.2) and a third-effect evaporator (3.3) which are connected in sequence, and spraying pipelines (19) are communicated in the first-effect evaporator (3.1), the second-effect evaporator (3.2) and the third-effect evaporator (3.3).
3. The seawater desalination treatment system according to claim 2, wherein a first heat exchange tube (3.11), a second heat exchange tube (3.21) and a third heat exchange tube (3.31) are respectively arranged in the first effect evaporator (3.1), the second effect evaporator (3.2) and the third effect evaporator (3.3), and first effect heating steam is introduced into the first heat exchange tube (3.11); the heat released by the first-effect heating steam in the first heat exchange tube (3.11) is condensed, seawater outside the first heat exchange tube (3.11) is heated and evaporated by the heat released by the first-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as second-effect heating steam to enter the second heat exchange tube (3.21); the second-effect heating steam releases heat in the second heat exchange tube (3.21) and is condensed, seawater outside the second heat exchange tube (3.21) is heated through the heat released by the second-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as third-effect heating steam and enters the third heat exchange tube (3.31); the third-effect heating steam releases heat in the third heat exchange tube (3.31) and condenses, the seawater outside the third heat exchange tube (3.31) is heated by the heat released by the third-effect heating steam, and the steam generated by the seawater is introduced into the condenser (4).
4. A seawater desalination treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the condensed water generated in the first heat exchange tube (3.11) is led to the waste heat collecting device (1) through a fifth pipeline (10), the condensed water generated in the second heat exchange tube (3.21) and the condensed water generated in the third heat exchange tube (3.31) are both transported to the fresh water collecting device (18) through the fresh water collecting pipeline (7), and the fresh water discharging pipeline (16) is connected with the fresh water collecting pipeline (7).
5. The seawater desalination treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the first effect evaporator (3.1), the second effect evaporator (3.2) and the third effect evaporator (3.3) are all provided with a demisting net (13).
6. The seawater desalination treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the bottoms of the first effect evaporator (3.1), the second effect evaporator (3.2) and the third effect evaporator (3.3) are provided with a concentrated brine discharge pipeline (8).
7. The seawater desalination treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a last effect steam pipe (14) is connected between the condenser (4) and the steam heat compressor (2).
8. The seawater desalination treatment system of claim 1, wherein one end of each of the raw seawater input pipeline (6) and the third pipeline (5) is connected with a condenser (4).
9. The seawater desalination treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the condenser (4) is further connected with a cooling seawater discharge pipeline (12).
10. A seawater desalination treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, the waste heat recovery device (1) absorbs heat of high-temperature gas and generates power steam, the power steam enters the steam compressor (2) through the first pipeline (11) and drives the steam compressor (2) to generate first-effect heating steam, and the first-effect heating steam is introduced into the first heat exchange tube (3.11); meanwhile, the original seawater enters a spraying pipeline (19) from an original seawater input pipeline (6) through a third pipeline (5) and is sprayed into a first-effect evaporator (3.1), a second-effect evaporator (3.2) and a third-effect evaporator (3.3);
s2, the first-effect heating steam releases heat in the first heat exchange tube (3.11) and condenses, seawater outside the first heat exchange tube (3.11) is heated and evaporated by the heat released by the first-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater enters the second heat exchange tube (3.21) as second-effect heating steam; the second-effect heating steam releases heat in the second heat exchange tube (3.21) and is condensed, seawater outside the second heat exchange tube (3.21) is heated through the heat released by the second-effect heating steam, and steam generated by the seawater serves as third-effect heating steam and enters the third heat exchange tube (3.31); the third-effect heating steam releases heat in the third heat exchange tube (3.31) and condenses, the seawater outside the third heat exchange tube (3.31) is heated by the heat released by the third-effect heating steam, and the steam generated by the seawater is introduced into the condenser (4);
s3, condensing steam in the condenser (4) and then entering the fresh water collecting device (18) through the first fresh water discharge pipeline (16).
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