CN114715218B - Fiber grating sensor axis counting method, system and equipment - Google Patents
Fiber grating sensor axis counting method, system and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber grating sensor axis counting method, system and equipment. The method comprises the following steps: setting initial values for the rising threshold and the first falling threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor respectively; updating the wavelength maximum value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process in real time; when the strain detection grating has a new wavelength maximum value, updating a first drop threshold value of the wavelength of the corresponding strain detection grating; updating the second drop threshold in real time; switching the state of the corresponding strain detection grating according to the rising threshold and the second falling threshold of the strain detection grating, and updating the rising threshold and the first falling threshold; when any one of the strain detection grating states is switched, updating the state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings and the combination state in the axis counting process; and verifying according to the state sequence, and outputting the number of axles with the train running direction when the verification passes. The condition of missing axle counting is avoided through the dynamically adjusted ascending and descending threshold values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit signal detection, in particular to a fiber grating sensor axle counting method, system and equipment.
Background
The axle counting device is the most important signal detection device for ensuring the safe operation of the railway system, and judges the occupation or idle state of a railway section by detecting the number of wheel axles. The principle of judging the occupation condition of the section by the axle counting technology is as follows, for a certain section, as long as the counting result of the axle counting sensor on the number of the train axles entering the section is not equal to the counting result of the axle counting sensor on the number of the train axles leaving the section, the section is considered to be occupied, otherwise, the section is considered to be in an idle state.
At present, an electromagnetic axle counting sensor and a fiber grating axle counting sensor are mainly adopted in a railway system as mainstream schemes for detecting wheels, and the axle counting sensor based on the fiber grating sensing technology has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, long transmission distance, insulation, corrosion resistance and the like. The invention with the patent number of CN107921978A provides a method for realizing axle counting based on the change of the shearing force of a fiber grating measuring wheel when passing (the grating is adhered to the rail waist); the invention with the patent number of CN113335338A provides a method for realizing axle counting based on fiber grating measurement of the change of vertical force when a wheel passes (the grating is fixed at the bottom of a steel rail). In the invention with patent number CN113335338A, the output of the forward axis number and the reverse axis number (similar to the electromagnetic axle counting) is realized according to the sequence of the state changes of the two strain detection gratings when the wheel passes by, in practical use, because the installation position of the axle counting sensor changes through the structure of the front and rear beds, the waveform change of the strain detection gratings is not completely left-right symmetrical like the waveform of the electromagnetic axle counting, and in addition, the waveform of the axle counting occurs a great difference when the heavy axle and the light axle are alternated, so that the axle counting is likely to be missed, and the driving safety is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve, at least in part, the technical problems occurring in the prior art, and the present invention provides, by way of specific embodiments, a fiber grating sensor axis counting method, system and apparatus.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical fiber grating sensor axis counting method, including the following steps:
setting an initial rising threshold value and an initial first falling threshold value of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor respectively;
updating the strain signals of the two strain detection gratings in real time, wherein the strain signals comprise the real-time wavelength of the strain detection gratings, and the maximum wavelength value and the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the shaft counting process;
setting a threshold contrast amount corresponding to the strain detection grating according to the strain signal of the strain detection grating;
establishing a first mapping relation from a strain signal of the strain detection grating to a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold;
establishing a second mapping relation from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating;
when the strain detection grating has a new wavelength maximum value, updating a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating wavelength according to the second mapping relation;
updating a second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings;
switching the state of the corresponding strain detection grating according to the current state of the strain detection grating, the threshold value contrast, the rising threshold value and a second falling threshold value, updating the rising threshold value according to the first mapping relation, and updating the first falling threshold value according to the second mapping relation;
when any one of the strain detection grating states is switched, updating the combination state of the two strain detection gratings and a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process;
and verifying the state sequence according to preset verification conditions, and outputting the number of axles with the train running direction when the verification is passed.
Optionally, the setting of the initial value of the rising threshold and the initial value of the first falling threshold of the two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor respectively specifically includes the following steps:
setting initial values of rising thresholds of two strain detection gratings in the fiber bragg grating sensor to be 50pm respectively;
and setting the initial value of the first drop threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor to be 25pm respectively.
Optionally, the setting of the threshold contrast amount corresponding to the strain detection grating according to the strain signal of the strain detection grating specifically includes the following steps:
and (4) subtracting the minimum value of the wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating to obtain a difference value, and setting the difference value as a threshold value comparison quantity.
Optionally, the establishing of the first mapping relationship from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding strain detection grating rise threshold specifically includes the following steps:
establishing a first mapping relation: and obtaining a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold according to the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, the minimum wavelength of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process and the first adjustable parameter.
Optionally, the obtaining of the corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold according to the strain detection grating real-time wavelength, the minimum wavelength value in the shaft counting process and the first adjustable parameter specifically includes the following steps:
and subtracting the minimum value of the same strain detection grating wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, and adding a first adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold value.
Optionally, the first adjustable parameter is 10 pm.
Optionally, the establishing a second mapping relationship from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating specifically includes the following steps:
establishing a second mapping relation: and obtaining a corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating according to the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process and the second adjustable parameter.
Optionally, the obtaining of the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating according to the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, and the second adjustable parameter specifically includes the following steps:
and subtracting the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process from the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, and multiplying the obtained difference value by a second adjustable parameter to obtain a first drop threshold value of the corresponding strain detection grating.
Optionally, the second adjustable parameter is 0.5.
Optionally, the updating the second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings specifically includes the following steps:
and comparing the sizes of the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings in real time, and updating the second drop threshold in real time by using the small value of the two first drop thresholds.
Optionally, the switching the state of the corresponding strain detection grating according to the current state of the strain detection grating, the threshold-to-contrast ratio, the rising threshold, and the second falling threshold, updating the rising threshold according to the first mapping relationship, and updating the first falling threshold according to the second mapping relationship specifically includes the following steps:
when the state of the strain detection grating is 0 and the corresponding strain detection grating threshold value contrast is larger than the corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold value, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 1, and the corresponding strain detection grating first falling threshold value is updated according to the second mapping relation;
when the state of the strain detection grating is 1 and the contrast of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold is smaller than the second descending threshold of the corresponding strain detection grating, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 0, and the corresponding strain detection grating ascending threshold is updated according to the first mapping relation;
the state of the strain detection grating is 0, which indicates that the train is not in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area, and the state of the strain detection grating is 1, which indicates that the train is in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area.
Optionally, when any one of the states of the strain detection gratings is switched, the combined state of the two strain detection gratings and the state sequence formed by the combined states of the two strain detection gratings in the current axis counting process are updated, which specifically includes the following steps:
combining the initial states of the two strain detection gratings to obtain the initial combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
when the state of any one strain detection grating is switched, combining the states of the two strain detection gratings, and updating the combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
and listing the updated combination state of the two strain detection gratings after the combination state of the previous two strain detection gratings to form a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process.
Optionally, the method further includes:
when the number of axles with the train running direction is output, starting the next axle counting process;
and setting the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating when the number of axles with the train running direction is output as the initial value of the maximum wavelength value and the initial value of the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axle counting process when the next axle counting process is started.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fiber grating sensor axis counting system, including:
the threshold initialization module is used for respectively setting an initial rising threshold value and an initial first falling threshold value of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor;
the strain signal real-time updating module is used for updating strain signals of the two strain detection gratings in real time, wherein the strain signals comprise real-time wavelengths of the strain detection gratings, and the maximum wavelength value and the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axle counting process;
the threshold value contrast setting module is used for setting the threshold value contrast corresponding to the strain detection grating according to the strain signal of the strain detection grating;
the mapping relation establishing module is used for establishing a first mapping relation from a strain signal of the strain detection grating to a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold; establishing a second mapping relation from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating;
the first drop threshold first updating module is used for updating the corresponding first drop threshold of the wavelength of the strain detection grating according to the second mapping relation when the strain detection grating has a new maximum wavelength value;
the second drop threshold updating module is used for updating the second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings;
the state and threshold updating module is used for switching the state of the corresponding strain detection grating according to the current state of the strain detection grating, the threshold value contrast, the rising threshold value and the second falling threshold value, updating the rising threshold value according to the first mapping relation and updating the first falling threshold value according to the second mapping relation;
the combined state updating module is used for updating the combined state of the two strain detection gratings and a state sequence formed by the combined states of the two strain detection gratings in the shaft counting process when the state of any strain detection grating is switched;
and the axle number output module is used for verifying the state sequence according to preset verification conditions and outputting the axle number with the train running direction when the verification passes.
Optionally, the threshold initialization module is specifically configured to:
setting initial values of rising thresholds of two strain detection gratings in the fiber bragg grating sensor to be 50pm respectively;
and setting the initial value of the first drop threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor to be 25pm respectively.
Optionally, the threshold comparison setting module is specifically configured to:
and (4) subtracting the minimum value of the wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating to obtain a difference value, and setting the difference value as a threshold value comparison quantity.
Optionally, the mapping relationship establishing module is specifically configured to:
establishing a first mapping relation: subtracting the minimum value of the same strain detection grating wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, and adding a first adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold;
establishing a second mapping relation: and subtracting the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process from the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, and multiplying the obtained difference value by a second adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating.
Optionally, the first adjustable parameter is 10pm, and the second adjustable parameter is 0.5.
Optionally, the second drop threshold updating module is specifically configured to:
and comparing the sizes of the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings in real time, and updating the second drop threshold in real time by using the small value of the two first drop thresholds.
Optionally, the state and threshold updating module is specifically configured to:
when the state of the strain detection grating is 0 and the comparison value of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold value is greater than the corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold value, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 1, and the corresponding strain detection grating first falling threshold value is updated according to the second mapping relation;
when the state of the strain detection grating is 1 and the contrast of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold is smaller than the second descending threshold of the corresponding strain detection grating, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 0, and the corresponding strain detection grating ascending threshold is updated according to the first mapping relation;
the state of the strain detection grating is 0, which indicates that the train is not in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area, and the state of the strain detection grating is 1, which indicates that the train is in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area.
Optionally, the combination status update module is specifically configured to:
combining the initial states of the two strain detection gratings to obtain the initial combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
when the state of any one strain detection grating is switched, combining the states of the two strain detection gratings, and updating the combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
and listing the updated combination state of the two strain detection gratings after the combination state of the previous two strain detection gratings to form a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the next axle counting maximum initialization module is used for starting the next axle counting process when the number of axles with the train running direction is output;
and setting the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating when the number of axles with the train running direction is output as the initial value of the maximum wavelength value and the initial value of the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axle counting process when the next axle counting process is started.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an axle counting device, where the axle counting device includes a fiber grating sensor, the fiber grating sensor includes at least two strain detection gratings, and the fiber grating sensor performs axle counting by using the foregoing method.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
by dynamically adjusting the ascending and descending threshold values, the availability of the axle counting method, system and equipment in irregular train passing waveforms is improved, the condition of axle missing counting is avoided, the position and the running direction of the train on the rail can be conveniently and accurately judged, and the rail traffic safety is improved. Furthermore, the method and the device are convenient for adjusting the processes and parameters for obtaining the threshold value comparison quantity, the rising threshold value and the falling threshold value, and are beneficial to improving the applicability of the technical scheme of the invention under different track conditions.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an optical fiber grating sensor axis counting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of two strain sensing gratings in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an optical fiber grating sensor axle counting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1 optical fiber grating sensor
11 first strain detection grating
12 second strain sensing grating.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a fiber grating sensor axis counting method, system and device.
The invention improves the technical scheme of counting the number of the vehicle wheel axles by adopting the fiber bragg grating sensor as the axle counting sensor in the prior art.
The fiber grating sensor is arranged at the bottom of a steel rail through a fastener and used for collecting strain signals when a train passes through the steel rail to count the number of vehicle wheel shafts, wherein the fiber grating sensor at least comprises two strain detection gratings, and the positions of the two strain detection gratings are in the direction parallel to a track. As shown in fig. 1, the fiber grating sensor 1 is fixed with two strain detection gratings, a first strain detection grating 11 and a second strain detection grating 12.
In the embodiment, two fiber bragg grating sensors are adopted to collect strain signals when a train passes through, and the fiber bragg grating sensors adopt strain detection gratings, that is, the fiber bragg grating sensors of the embodiment include a first strain detection grating and a second strain detection grating.
Example one
An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical fiber grating sensor axis counting method, a flow of which is shown in fig. 2, and the method includes the following steps:
step S101: setting an initial rising threshold value and an initial first falling threshold value of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor respectively; and updating the strain signals of the two strain detection gratings in real time, wherein the strain signals comprise the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, and the maximum wavelength value and the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the shaft counting process.
Optionally, the setting of the initial value of the rising threshold and the initial value of the first falling threshold of the two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor respectively specifically includes the following steps:
setting initial values of rising thresholds of two strain detection gratings in the fiber bragg grating sensor to be 50pm respectively;
and setting the initial value of the first drop threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor to be 25pm respectively.
Step S102: setting a threshold contrast amount corresponding to the strain detection grating according to the strain signal of the strain detection grating; establishing a first mapping relation from a strain signal of the strain detection grating to a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold; and establishing a second mapping relation from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating.
Optionally, the setting of the threshold contrast amount corresponding to the strain detection grating according to the strain signal of the strain detection grating specifically includes the following steps:
and (4) subtracting the minimum value of the wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating to obtain a difference value, and setting the difference value as a threshold value comparison quantity.
Optionally, the establishing of the first mapping relationship from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding strain detection grating rise threshold specifically includes the following steps:
establishing a first mapping relation: and obtaining a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold according to the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, the minimum wavelength of the same strain detection grating in the axle counting process and the first adjustable parameter.
Optionally, the obtaining of the corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold according to the strain detection grating real-time wavelength, the minimum wavelength value in the axle counting process, and the first adjustable parameter specifically includes the following steps:
and subtracting the minimum value of the same strain detection grating wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, and adding a first adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold value.
Optionally, the first adjustable parameter is 10 pm.
Optionally, the establishing a second mapping relationship from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating specifically includes the following steps:
establishing a second mapping relation: and obtaining a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating according to the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process and the second adjustable parameter.
Optionally, the obtaining of the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating according to the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, and the second adjustable parameter specifically includes the following steps:
and subtracting the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process from the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, and multiplying the obtained difference value by a second adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating.
Optionally, the second adjustable parameter is 0.5.
Step S103: when the strain detection grating has a new wavelength maximum value, updating a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating wavelength according to the second mapping relation; and updating the second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings.
Optionally, the updating the second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings specifically includes the following steps:
and comparing the sizes of the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings in real time, and updating the second drop threshold in real time by using the small value of the two first drop thresholds.
Step S104: and switching the state of the corresponding strain detection grating according to the current state of the strain detection grating, the threshold value contrast, the rising threshold value and the second falling threshold value, updating the rising threshold value according to the first mapping relation, and updating the first falling threshold value according to the second mapping relation.
Optionally, the switching the state of the corresponding strain detection grating according to the current state of the strain detection grating, the threshold-to-contrast ratio, the rising threshold, and the second falling threshold, updating the rising threshold according to the first mapping relationship, and updating the first falling threshold according to the second mapping relationship specifically includes the following steps:
when the state of the strain detection grating is 0 and the comparison value of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold value is greater than the corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold value, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 1, and the corresponding strain detection grating first falling threshold value is updated according to the second mapping relation;
when the state of the strain detection grating is 1 and the contrast of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold is smaller than the second descending threshold of the corresponding strain detection grating, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 0, and the corresponding strain detection grating ascending threshold is updated according to the first mapping relation;
the state of the strain detection grating is 0, which indicates that the train is not in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area, and the state of the strain detection grating is 1, which indicates that the train is in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area. The train is not in the sensitive area of the fiber grating sensor, i.e. before entering and after leaving.
Step S105: and when any one strain detection grating state is switched, updating the combination state of the two strain detection gratings and a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process.
Optionally, when any one of the states of the strain detection gratings is switched, the combined state of the two strain detection gratings and the state sequence formed by the combined states of the two strain detection gratings in the current axis counting process are updated, which specifically includes the following steps:
combining the initial states of the two strain detection gratings to obtain the initial combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
when the state of any one strain detection grating is switched, combining the states of the two strain detection gratings, and updating the combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
and listing the updated combination state of the two strain detection gratings after the combination state of the last two strain detection gratings to form a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process.
For example, the states of the strain detection fiber gratings are divided into two types, which are respectively represented by 0 and 1, and the combined state of the two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor is obtained according to the states of the two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor, wherein the initial state of each strain detection grating is represented by 0, and the initial combined state of the two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor is represented by 00;
step S106: and verifying the state sequence according to preset verification conditions, and outputting the number of axles with the train running direction when the verification is passed.
For example, one of the preset verification conditions is that when the state sequence is consistent with a specific sequence, the verification is passed.
Step S107: when the number of axles with the train running direction is output, starting the next axle counting process;
and setting the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating when the number of axles with the train running direction is output as the initial value of the maximum wavelength value and the initial value of the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axle counting process when the next axle counting process is started.
For example, the wavelength value λ 1 of the first strain detection grating and the wavelength value λ 2 of the second strain detection grating are collected in real time, the initial rising threshold th _ up1 of the first strain detection grating and the initial rising threshold th _ up2 of the second strain detection grating are set to 50pm, and the initial first falling threshold thre _ down1 of the first strain detection grating and the initial first falling threshold thre _ down2 of the second strain detection grating are set to 25 pm.
The minimum values of the wavelengths lambda 1 and lambda 2 of the two strain detection gratings are searched in real time and recorded as th _ low1 and th _ low2, the maximum values th _ high1 and th _ high2 of the wavelengths lambda 1 and lambda 2 are searched in real time, and when any one of the two strain detection gratings updates the maximum value, the first drop threshold of the corresponding strain detection grating is updated. Wherein the first drop threshold thre _ down1 of the first strain detection grating is updated by the following formula:
thre _ down 1= 0.5 × (th _ high 1-th _ low1), where the coefficient 0.5 may be other values.
The first drop threshold thre _ down2 of the second strain detection grating is updated by the following formula:
thre _ down 2= 0.5 × (th _ high 2-th _ low2), where the coefficient 0.5 may also be other values.
And comparing the values of the first drop thresholds of the two strain detection gratings in real time, and selecting the value with the smaller value as a second drop threshold th _ down.
Setting the difference value between the wavelength and the minimum wavelength of the same strain detection grating as a threshold contrast value, namely setting the threshold contrast value of the first strain detection grating as lambda 1-th _ low1, and setting the threshold contrast value of the second strain detection grating as lambda 2-th _ low 2.
The state 0 indicates that the train is not in the sensor sensitive area, namely before entering and after leaving, the state 1 indicates that the train is in the sensor sensitive area, when the state of the strain detection grating is 0, and the threshold contrast value of the same strain detection grating is greater than the rising threshold value of the corresponding strain detection grating, the state of the strain detection grating is changed into 1, and the corresponding first falling threshold value is updated. Wherein the first drop threshold thre _ down1 of the first strain detection grating is updated by the following formula:
thre _ down 1= 0.5 × (th _ high 1-th _ low1), where the coefficient 0.5 may also be other values.
The first drop threshold thre _ down2 of the second strain detection grating is updated by the following formula:
thre _ down 2= 0.5 × (th _ high 2-th _ low2), where the coefficient 0.5 may also be other values.
When the state of the strain detection grating is 1 and the threshold contrast value of the same strain detection grating is smaller than the second drop threshold th _ down, the state of the strain detection grating is changed to 0, and the corresponding increase threshold of the strain detection grating is updated. Wherein the first strain detection raster up threshold th _ up1 is updated by the following formula:
th _ up1= λ 1-th _ low1+10, where 10 may also be other values;
the second strain detection grating rise threshold th _ up2 is updated by the following formula:
th _ up2= λ 2-th _ low2+10, where 10 may also be other values.
As shown in fig. 3, curves S1 and S2 represent waveforms of the first and second strain detection gratings, respectively.
In fig. 3, the wavelengths λ 1 and λ 2 of the two strain detection gratings at time T0 are recorded as the minimum wavelength values th _ low1 and th _ low2, the rising thresholds th _ up1 and th _ up2 are 50pm, the first falling thresholds thre _ down1 and thre _ down2 are 25pm, and the second falling threshold th _ down is also 25 pm;
in fig. 3, at T0-T1, the maximum values of the two strain detection grating wavelengths are continuously updated, and the corresponding first drop threshold is also continuously updated, that is, at T1, thre _ down 1= 0.5 × (th _ high 1-th _ low1) =25 pm, thre _ down 2= 0.5 × (th _ high 2-th _ low2), and thre _ down1 is greater than thre _ down2, so that thre _ down2 is assigned to the second drop threshold th _ down, where the S1 state is 0, the S2 state is 0, the S1 and S2 combined state is 00, and the state sequence is 00.
In fig. 3, at T1-T2, the maximum values of the two strain detection gratings are continuously updated, the corresponding first drop threshold is also continuously updated, that is, thre _ down 1= 0.5 × (th _ high 1-th _ low1), and thre _ down 2= 0.5 × (th _ high 2-th _ low2) =25 pm at time T2, and since thre _ down1 is greater than thre _ down2, thre _ down2 is assigned to the second drop threshold th _ down, the state of the time segment curve S1 is switched to 1, the state of S2 is 0, the combined state of S1 and S2 is 10, and the state sequence is updated to "0010" after the last combined state of 10 columns.
In fig. 3, at time T2-T3, the maximum values of the strain detection gratings are continuously updated, and the corresponding first falling thresholds are also continuously updated, that is, at time T3, thre _ down 1= 0.5 × (th _ high 1-th _ low1) =150 pm, thre _ down 2= 0.5 × (th _ high 2-th _ low2), and since thre _ down1 is greater than thre _ down2, thre _ down2 is assigned to the second falling threshold th _ down, the state of the time curve S1 is 1, the state of S2 is switched to 1, the combined state of S1 and S2 is 11, and the state sequence is updated to "001011" after the 11 columns are in the previous combined state.
In fig. 3, at T3-T4, the maximum value of the strain detection grating 1 is not updated, thre _ down1 remains 150 pm, the maximum value of the strain detection grating 2 is updated, the corresponding first drop threshold is also continuously updated, thre _ down 2= 0.5 × (th _ high 2-th _ low2) =150 pm at time T4, and since thre _ down1 is equal to thre _ down2 at this time, the second drop threshold th _ down =150 pm, the state of the time curve S1 is 1, the state of S2 is 1, the combined state of S1 and S2 is 11, and the states of both strain detection gratings are not switched, so the combined state is not updated, and the state sequence is not updated.
In fig. 3, T4-T5, the maximum values of the two strain detection gratings are not updated, the state of the time curve S1 is 1, the state of S2 is 1, the combined state of S1 and S2 is 11, and the states of the two strain detection gratings are not switched, so the combined state is not updated, and the state sequence is not updated.
In fig. 3, the state of the curve S1 is switched to 0 at time T5, and at this time, the rising threshold is updated to th _ up1= λ 1-th _ low1+10=160 pm, so that the state of S1 is kept to 0 for the time period T5-T6, the state of the curve S1 is switched to 0 for the time period T5-T6, the state of S2 is 1, the combined state of S1 and S2 is 01, and the state sequence is updated to "00101101" after 01 is listed in the previous combined state.
In fig. 3, at time T6, the S1 state is 0, the S2 state is switched to 0, the combined state of S1 and S2 is 00, and after 00 is listed in the last combined state, the state sequence is updated to "0010110100". And verifying the state sequence according to preset verification conditions, and outputting the number of axles with the train running direction when the verification is passed. One of the predetermined verification conditions is that the verification is passed when the state sequence is consistent with the specific sequence. For example, when the state sequence is identical to "0010110100", the verification is passed, the number of axles on which the train is traveling in the forward direction is output, when the wheel passes from the second strain detection grating to the first strain detection grating, the state sequence of the two strain detection gratings satisfies the reverse sequence "0001111000", the number of axles in the reverse direction is output, the rising threshold value is set to an initial value of 50pm after the number of axles is output, the first falling threshold value is set to an initial value of 25pm, the wavelengths λ 1 and λ 2 of the two strain detection gratings at this time are updated to the corresponding maximum and minimum strain detection grating wavelengths, that is, th _ low1= th _ high1= λ 1, th _ low2= th _ high2= λ 2, and the next axle counting process is started by the method of the above steps S101 to S107.
In the method of the embodiment, the availability of the axle counting method in irregular train passing waveforms is improved through the dynamically adjusted ascending and descending threshold, the condition of axle missing counting is avoided, the position and the running direction of the train on the rail can be conveniently and accurately judged, and the rail traffic safety is improved. Furthermore, the method and the device are convenient for adjusting the processes and parameters for obtaining the threshold value comparison quantity, the rising threshold value and the falling threshold value, and are beneficial to improving the applicability of the technical scheme of the invention under different track conditions.
Example two
The second embodiment of the present invention provides an optical fiber grating sensor axle counting system, the structure of which is shown in fig. 4, including:
a threshold initialization module 101, configured to set an initial value of a rising threshold and an initial value of a first falling threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor, respectively;
the strain signal real-time updating module 102 is configured to update strain signals of two strain detection gratings in real time, where the strain signals include a real-time wavelength of a strain detection grating, and a maximum wavelength value and a minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axle counting process;
a threshold contrast setting module 103, configured to set a threshold contrast corresponding to the strain detection grating according to the strain signal of the strain detection grating;
a mapping relation establishing module 104, configured to establish a first mapping relation from a strain signal of a strain detection grating to a corresponding strain detection grating rise threshold; establishing a second mapping relation from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating;
a first drop threshold first updating module 105, configured to update a corresponding first drop threshold of the wavelength of the strain detection grating according to the second mapping relationship when the strain detection grating has a new maximum wavelength;
a second drop threshold updating module 106, configured to update the second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings;
a state and threshold updating module 107, configured to switch the state of the corresponding strain detection grating according to the current state of the strain detection grating, the threshold value-to-threshold value ratio, the rising threshold value, and the second falling threshold value, update the rising threshold value according to the first mapping relationship, and update the first falling threshold value according to the second mapping relationship;
a combined state updating module 108, configured to update a combined state of the two strain detection gratings and a state sequence formed by the combined states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process when any one of the strain detection gratings is switched;
and the axle number output module 109 is used for verifying the state sequence according to preset verification conditions and outputting the axle number with the train running direction when the verification passes.
Optionally, the threshold initialization module 101 is specifically configured to:
setting initial values of rising thresholds of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor to be 50pm respectively;
and respectively setting the initial value of a first drop threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor to be 25 pm.
Optionally, the threshold comparison setting module 103 is specifically configured to:
and (4) subtracting the minimum value of the wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating to obtain a difference value, and setting the difference value as a threshold value comparison quantity.
Optionally, the mapping relationship establishing module 104 is specifically configured to:
establishing a first mapping relation: subtracting the minimum value of the wavelength of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, and adding a first adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold;
establishing a second mapping relation: and subtracting the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process from the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, and multiplying the obtained difference value by a second adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating.
Optionally, the first adjustable parameter is 10pm, and the second adjustable parameter is 0.5.
Optionally, the second drop threshold updating module 106 is specifically configured to:
and comparing the sizes of the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings in real time, and updating the second drop threshold in real time by using the small value of the two first drop thresholds.
Optionally, the state and threshold updating module 107 is specifically configured to:
when the state of the strain detection grating is 0 and the comparison value of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold value is greater than the corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold value, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 1, and the corresponding strain detection grating first falling threshold value is updated according to the second mapping relation;
when the state of the strain detection grating is 1 and the contrast of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold is smaller than the second descending threshold of the corresponding strain detection grating, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 0, and the corresponding strain detection grating ascending threshold is updated according to the first mapping relation;
the state of the strain detection grating is 0, which indicates that the train is not in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area, and the state of the strain detection grating is 1, which indicates that the train is in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area.
Optionally, the combined status updating module 108 is specifically configured to:
combining the initial states of the two strain detection gratings to obtain the initial combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
when the state of any one strain detection grating is switched, combining the states of the two strain detection gratings, and updating the combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
and listing the updated combination state of the two strain detection gratings after the combination state of the previous two strain detection gratings to form a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a next axle counting maximum value initialization module 110, configured to start a next axle counting process when the number of axles with the train driving direction is output;
and setting the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating when the number of axles with the train running direction is output as the initial value of the maximum wavelength value and the initial value of the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axle counting process when the next axle counting process is started.
In the embodiment, the availability of the axle counting system in irregular train passing waveforms is improved through the dynamically adjusted ascending and descending threshold, the condition of axle missing counting is avoided, the position and the running direction of the train on the rail can be judged more accurately, and the rail traffic safety is improved. Furthermore, the method and the device are convenient for adjusting the processes and parameters for obtaining the threshold value comparison quantity, the rising threshold value and the falling threshold value, and are beneficial to improving the applicability of the technical scheme of the invention under different track conditions.
With regard to the system in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs the operation has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.
EXAMPLE III
The third embodiment of the invention provides axle counting equipment which comprises a fiber grating sensor, wherein the fiber grating sensor at least comprises two strain detection gratings, and the fiber grating sensor adopts the method for counting axles.
In the embodiment, the availability of the axle counting equipment in irregular train passing waveforms is improved through the dynamically adjusted ascending and descending threshold, the condition of axle missing counting is avoided, the position and the running direction of a train on the rail can be judged more accurately, and the rail traffic safety is improved. Furthermore, the method and the device are convenient for adjusting the processes and parameters for obtaining the threshold value comparison quantity, the rising threshold value and the falling threshold value, and are beneficial to improving the applicability of the technical scheme of the invention under different track conditions.
With regard to the apparatus in the above-described embodiments, the specific manner in which the operations are performed has been described in detail in relation to the embodiments of the method and will not be elaborated upon here.
Claims (19)
1. A fiber grating sensor axis counting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting an initial rising threshold value and an initial first falling threshold value of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor respectively;
updating the strain signals of the two strain detection gratings in real time, wherein the strain signals comprise the real-time wavelength of the strain detection gratings, and the maximum wavelength value and the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the shaft counting process;
subtracting the minimum wavelength value in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating to obtain a difference value, and setting the difference value as a threshold value comparison quantity;
establishing a first mapping relation from a strain signal of the strain detection grating to a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold;
establishing a second mapping relation from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating;
when the strain detection grating has a new wavelength maximum value, updating a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating wavelength according to the second mapping relation;
updating a second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings;
when the state of the strain detection grating is 0 and the comparison value of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold value is greater than the corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold value, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 1, and the corresponding strain detection grating first falling threshold value is updated according to the second mapping relation;
when the state of the strain detection grating is 1 and the contrast of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold is smaller than the second drop threshold of the corresponding strain detection grating, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 0, and the corresponding strain detection grating rise threshold is updated according to the first mapping relation;
the state of the strain detection grating is 0, which indicates that the train is not in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area, and the state of the strain detection grating is 1, which indicates that the train is in the fiber bragg grating sensor sensitive area;
when any one strain detection grating state is switched, updating the combination state of the two strain detection gratings and a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process;
and verifying the state sequence according to preset verification conditions, and outputting the number of axles with the train running direction when the verification is passed.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the setting of the initial value of the rising threshold and the initial value of the first falling threshold of the two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor respectively comprises the following steps:
setting initial values of rising thresholds of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor to be 50pm respectively;
and setting the initial value of the first drop threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor to be 25pm respectively.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the first mapping relationship from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding strain detection grating rise threshold specifically comprises the steps of:
establishing a first mapping relation: and obtaining a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold according to the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, the minimum wavelength of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process and the first adjustable parameter.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the obtaining of the corresponding strain detection grating rise threshold value according to the strain detection grating real-time wavelength, the minimum wavelength value in the present axle counting process and the first adjustable parameter specifically comprises the following steps:
and subtracting the minimum value of the same strain detection grating wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, and adding a first adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold value.
5. A method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the first adjustable parameter is 10 pm.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein establishing a second mapping relationship from strain signals of strain detection gratings to corresponding strain detection grating first drop thresholds comprises the steps of:
establishing a second mapping relation: and obtaining a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating according to the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process and the second adjustable parameter.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the obtaining of the corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating according to the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axis counting process, the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axis counting process, and the second adjustable parameter specifically includes the following steps:
and subtracting the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process from the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, and multiplying the obtained difference value by a second adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating.
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the second adjustable parameter is 0.5.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the updating the second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings specifically includes the following steps:
and comparing the sizes of the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings in real time, and updating the second drop threshold in real time by using the small value of the two first drop thresholds.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the updating of the state sequence formed by the combined states of the two strain detection gratings and the combined states of the two strain detection gratings in the present axis counting process when any one of the states of the strain detection gratings is switched comprises the following steps:
combining the initial states of the two strain detection gratings to obtain the initial combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
when the state of any one strain detection grating is switched, combining the states of the two strain detection gratings, and updating the combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
and listing the updated combination state of the two strain detection gratings after the combination state of the last two strain detection gratings to form a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process.
11. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, further comprising:
when the number of axles with the train running direction is output, starting the next axle counting process;
and setting the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating when the number of axles with the train running direction is output as the initial value of the maximum wavelength value and the initial value of the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axle counting process when the next axle counting process is started.
12. A fiber grating sensor axis counting system, comprising:
the threshold initialization module is used for respectively setting an initial value of a rising threshold and an initial value of a first falling threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor;
the strain signal real-time updating module is used for updating strain signals of the two strain detection gratings in real time, wherein the strain signals comprise real-time wavelengths of the strain detection gratings, and the wavelength maximum value and the wavelength minimum value of the same strain detection grating in the shaft counting process;
the threshold value comparison setting module is used for setting a difference value obtained by subtracting the minimum value of the wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating as the threshold value comparison;
the mapping relation establishing module is used for establishing a first mapping relation from a strain signal of the strain detection grating to a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold; establishing a second mapping relation from the strain signal of the strain detection grating to the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating;
the first drop threshold first updating module is used for updating the corresponding first drop threshold of the wavelength of the strain detection grating according to the second mapping relation when the strain detection grating has a new maximum wavelength value;
the second drop threshold updating module is used for updating the second drop threshold in real time according to the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings;
the state and threshold updating module is used for switching the state of the strain detection grating to 1 and updating the corresponding first drop threshold of the strain detection grating according to the second mapping relation when the state of the strain detection grating is 0 and the comparison value of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold is greater than the corresponding strain detection grating rise threshold; when the state of the strain detection grating is 1 and the contrast of the corresponding strain detection grating threshold is smaller than the second descending threshold of the corresponding strain detection grating, the state of the strain detection grating is switched to 0, and the corresponding strain detection grating ascending threshold is updated according to the first mapping relation; the state of the strain detection grating is 0, which indicates that the train is not in the sensitive area of the fiber bragg grating sensor, and the state of the strain detection grating is 1, which indicates that the train is in the sensitive area of the fiber bragg grating sensor;
the combined state updating module is used for updating the combined state of the two strain detection gratings and a state sequence formed by the combined states of the two strain detection gratings in the shaft counting process when the state of any strain detection grating is switched;
and the axle number output module is used for verifying the state sequence according to preset verification conditions and outputting the axle number with the train running direction when the verification is passed.
13. The system of claim 12, wherein the threshold initialization module is specifically configured to:
setting initial values of rising thresholds of two strain detection gratings in the fiber bragg grating sensor to be 50pm respectively;
and setting the initial value of the first drop threshold of two strain detection gratings in the fiber grating sensor to be 25pm respectively.
14. The system of claim 12, wherein the mapping relationship establishing module is specifically configured to:
establishing a first mapping relation: subtracting the minimum value of the same strain detection grating wavelength in the axis counting process from the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating, and adding a first adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding strain detection grating rising threshold;
establishing a second mapping relation: and subtracting the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process from the maximum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the axis counting process, and multiplying the obtained difference value by a second adjustable parameter to obtain a corresponding first drop threshold value of the strain detection grating.
15. The system of claim 14, wherein the first adjustable parameter is 10pm and the second adjustable parameter is 0.5.
16. The system of claim 12, wherein the second drop threshold update module is specifically configured to:
and comparing the sizes of the first drop thresholds corresponding to the two strain detection gratings in real time, and updating the second drop threshold in real time by using the small value of the two first drop thresholds.
17. The system of claim 12, wherein the combined status update module is specifically configured to:
combining the initial states of the two strain detection gratings to obtain the initial combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
when the state of any one strain detection grating is switched, combining the states of the two strain detection gratings, and updating the combined state of the two strain detection gratings;
and listing the updated combination state of the two strain detection gratings after the combination state of the previous two strain detection gratings to form a state sequence formed by the combination states of the two strain detection gratings in the axis counting process.
18. The system of any of claims 12 to 17, further comprising:
the next axle counting most-value initialization module is used for starting the next axle counting process when the number of axles with the train running direction is output;
and setting the real-time wavelength of the strain detection grating when the number of axles with the train running direction is output as the initial value of the maximum wavelength value and the initial value of the minimum wavelength value of the same strain detection grating in the current axle counting process when the next axle counting process is started.
19. An axle counting device, comprising a fiber grating sensor, wherein the fiber grating sensor comprises at least two strain detection gratings, and is characterized in that the fiber grating sensor adopts the fiber grating sensor axle counting method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 to count the axle.
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| CN116080706B (en) * | 2023-03-06 | 2023-06-30 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Fiber bragg grating sensor shaft counting method, system, equipment and storage medium |
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