CN114713711A - Pipe blank reducing method for expansion-compression molding process of drive axle housing - Google Patents

Pipe blank reducing method for expansion-compression molding process of drive axle housing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114713711A
CN114713711A CN202210384828.6A CN202210384828A CN114713711A CN 114713711 A CN114713711 A CN 114713711A CN 202210384828 A CN202210384828 A CN 202210384828A CN 114713711 A CN114713711 A CN 114713711A
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reducing
blank
axle housing
pipe blank
original
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Inventor
高林玉
何海林
易斌
张彤
王景晓
李元宏
胡家磊
王红岩
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Beili Automobile Lightweight Technology Weifang Co ltd
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Beili Automobile Lightweight Technology Weifang Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D41/00—Application of procedures in order to alter the diameter of tube ends
    • B21D41/04—Reducing; Closing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
    • B21D43/003—Positioning devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction 

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of production and application of a drive axle housing, and particularly relates to a pipe blank reducing method for a drive axle housing bulging forming process. The method comprises the following effective steps: a. firstly, selecting a proper original pipe blank according to an axle housing structure digital model to be realized; b. and then fixing the selected original pipe blank on reducing equipment of a multi-section reducing die, applying a contraction force on the original pipe blank by the multi-section reducing die in a manner of rotating and feeding the pipe blank to reduce the diameter of the original pipe blank to obtain a blank pipe with a controllable reducing wall thickness, wherein the deformation position of the pipe blank in the process of molding the original pipe blank by the multi-section reducing die is subjected to heating treatment. Compared with the prior art, the invention achieves the purpose of one-step forming by improving the prior process, further solves the problems of low production efficiency and high production cost caused by multiple diameter reducing in the prior art, and simultaneously has the advantages of simple method, convenient operation and suitability for large-scale popularization and use.

Description

Pipe blank reducing method for expansion-compression molding process of drive axle housing
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of production and application of a drive axle housing, and particularly relates to a pipe blank reducing method for a drive axle housing bulging forming process.
Background
The commercial vehicle drive axle is one of the core components of the whole vehicle, and the drive axle housing is an installation support body of a drive axle transmission system, plays an important role in bearing and force transmission in the vehicle running process, and is required to have higher mechanical strength, rigidity and fatigue resistance. The related documents show that if the whole vehicle mass of the automobile is reduced by 100kg, the oil consumption per hundred kilometers is reduced by 0.3L-0.6L, and the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced by 12 g. According to the related technical specification and the radial test value of the industry, the drive axle belongs to the mass below a steel plate spring, and the effect of reducing the unsprung mass by 1kg is equal to the effect of reducing the sprung mass by 15 kg. Taking a heavy truck driving axle housing as an example, the weight of the heavy truck driving axle housing is more than 100kg, the heavy truck driving axle housing is made of high-strength steel materials, and the technical window for expanding the optimized structure by adopting a new process technology is significant. The technical scheme of the existing axle housing product has four types: the method comprises the steps of integrally casting an axle housing, stamping and welding the axle housing, mechanically thermally expanding and forming the axle housing and internally high-pressure forming the axle housing.
The high-pressure integrally formed axle housing is mainly characterized in that water-based high-pressure liquid is filled into a pipe blank under the normal temperature condition, so that the pipe blank is stretched, deformed and attached to a die, and the integrally formed axle housing is obtained. According to the technical scheme, the original axle housing process is reduced by about 40% from 20 multi-pass procedures, and the advantages of more optimized product structure and higher production efficiency are embodied.
The current main process of the technical scheme is as follows: the method comprises the steps of multi-pass reducing of a pipe blank, heat treatment, internal high-pressure pre-bulging, local heat treatment and internal high-pressure forming. The main problems are that the yield strength and the elongation limit of the material are limited under the normal temperature condition, the deformation elongation of final internal high pressure forming needs to be controlled within 3-5%, the final bulging tube blank is required to have a larger diameter-changing rate, the large diameter-changing rate of the tube blank needs to be alternately combined with the pre-bulging process step through multi-pass diameter reduction, and meanwhile, in the deformation process of each process step, a larger acting force needs to be applied to the tube blank to overcome the yield strength of the material to deform the tube blank, so the tonnage of processing equipment of each process step is larger.
Although the above scheme simplifies the process steps, the following technical defects still exist: the pipe blank is required to be reduced for multiple times to obtain a corresponding pre-expansion piece, so that the whole process is complex and tedious, and how to improve the reducing efficiency is the key research direction in the high-pressure integrated forming process of the driving axle housing at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems of the expansion forming process of the drive axle housing in the diameter reducing procedure, the invention provides the method for reducing the tube blank for the expansion forming process of the drive axle housing, which has reasonable design and simple method and can realize one-step forming.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the invention provides a pipe blank reducing method for a driving axle housing bulging forming process, which comprises the following effective steps:
a. firstly, selecting a proper original pipe blank according to an axle housing structure digital model to be realized;
b. and then fixing the selected original pipe blank on reducing equipment of a multi-piece reducing die, applying a pressure contraction force on the original pipe blank by the multi-piece reducing die in a pipe blank rotating and feeding mode to reduce the diameter of the original pipe blank to obtain a rough pipe blank with a controllable reducing wall thickness, wherein the deformation position of the pipe blank in the process of molding the original pipe blank by the multi-piece reducing die is subjected to heating treatment.
Wherein, the step a comprises the following effective steps:
a1, firstly, dividing the axle housing into two parts by taking a central line as a center according to an axle housing structure digital model to be realized, and dividing each part into four types of areas, wherein the four types of areas comprise a cylindrical section area at the end part, a square column section area close to a bridge shoulder, a transition area between the cylindrical section area and a placing section area, and the bridge shoulder and a bridge package area;
a2, converting the section perimeter into the corresponding pipe diameter by taking 1% of the axial length as an equidistant segmentation unit along the direction from the cylindrical section area to the bridge shoulder and the bridge packing area, and selecting the maximum value as the diameter of the original pipe blank.
Preferably, in the step b, the mandrel is sleeved in the original tube blank, and the original tube blank is supported when a contraction force is applied to the original tube blank.
Preferably, the surface of the mandrel is provided with a spiral bulge, and the mandrel is rotatably sleeved in the original tube blank.
Preferably, a heating device is arranged in the mandrel.
Preferably, the reducing device comprises a pipe blank rotating and axial feeding mechanism, a die holder for mounting the multi-segment reducing die, the multi-segment reducing die for reducing, a mandrel for heating and shaping the inner wall of the original pipe blank and an induction heating coil for heating the outer wall of the original pipe blank.
Preferably, the contact surface of the multi-petal reducing die and the original blank pipe comprises horizontal surfaces arranged at two ends and a transition inclined surface arranged between the horizontal surfaces, wherein the transition inclined surface is used for realizing transition between two horizontal surfaces with different diameters.
Preferably, the pipe blank rotating and axial feeding mechanism comprises a rack and a walking trolley arranged on the rack, wherein a track used for the walking trolley to move is arranged on the rack, a clamp used for clamping the original pipe blank is arranged on the walking trolley, and the clamp is rotatably arranged on the walking trolley.
Preferably, the walking trolley is arranged in a door-shaped frame shape, the clamp is arranged in the walking trolley, a driving motor is arranged at the top of the walking trolley, a speed reducer is connected to the power end of the driving motor, a driving gear is connected to the power end of the speed reducer, and a rotating gear meshed with the driving gear is arranged at the end of the clamp.
Preferably, a walking motor is arranged on the walking trolley, a walking reducer is connected to the power end of the walking motor, a walking gear is connected to the power end of the walking reducer, and a rack meshed with the walking gear is arranged on the rack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that,
1. the invention provides a method for reducing the diameter of a tube blank for a driving axle housing bulging forming process, which achieves the purpose of one-step forming by improving the prior process, further solves the problems of low production efficiency and high production cost caused by multiple diameter reductions in the prior art, and is simple, convenient to operate and suitable for large-scale popularization and use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a sectioned view of a transaxle case provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a pipe diameter view of a transaxle case provided in embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the original tube blank provided in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a diameter reducing process provided in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of example 1 in which the other end of the diameter reduction step is clamped;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the diameter reducing apparatus provided in example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another angle configuration of the diameter reducing apparatus provided in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a multi-lobed reducing die and mandrel provided in example 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the scaffold provided in example 1;
in the above figures, 1, a frame; 11. a track; 12. a rack; 2. a walking trolley; 21. a drive motor; 22. a speed reducer; 23. a drive gear; 24. a rotating gear; 25. a clamp; 26. a traveling motor; 27. a walking speed reducer; 28. a traveling gear; 3. a mold frame; 4. a multi-petal reducing die; 41. a horizontal plane; 42. a transition inclined plane; 5. a fixed mount; 51. a mandrel; 511. a spiral protrusion; 6. an induction heating coil; 7. and (5) original tube blank.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.
In embodiment 1, this embodiment aims to provide a method for reducing a tube blank for a driving axle housing bulging forming process, so as to solve the problem that the diameter reduction of the driving axle housing bulging forming process can be realized only by reducing the diameter for multiple times in the existing diameter reduction process, and therefore, the method for reducing the tube blank for the driving axle housing bulging forming process provided in this embodiment is specifically implemented as follows:
firstly, selecting a proper original tube blank 7 according to an axle housing structure digital analog to be realized, wherein the axle housing mainly comprises an axle packet arranged in the middle and tube beams arranged on two sides of the axle packet, and a bridge shoulder structure is formed at a transition end between the axle packet and the tube beams, wherein the axle packet is similar to a bulge and is also the widest part of the whole axle housing, therefore, in the embodiment, three-dimensional data of the axle housing is obtained according to the drawing state of an axle housing product, as shown in fig. 1, the whole axle housing is divided into a left section and a right section by taking a central line as the center, and each section is divided into four parts, wherein an I area is a cylindrical section area, an III area is a square column section area with four rounded corners, an II area is a I, III area transition state, and an IV area is an area of the bridge shoulder and the bridge packet part. The axle housing cross-sectional perimeters were recorded as L1, L21-L2n, L3, L41-L4n, respectively, by equally dividing the unit along the cylindrical cross-sectional area toward the shoulder and the bridge pack area at 1% axial length. Wherein axle housing I-III district is the straight tube portion, directly confirms through the uniform cross section girth mode as:
Figure BDA0003593177260000051
Figure BDA0003593177260000052
Figure BDA0003593177260000053
the axle housing IV area is a variable diameter part, and the elongation of the circumference of the section is not higher than 5 percent, namely the circumference of the designed section of the original tube blank 7 is as follows:
95％L4x＜L4max＜L4x
the diameter of the original tube blank 7 in the area IV is obtained by calculating the diameter through the circumference:
Figure BDA0003593177260000054
and with D4xThe value of (D) is the diameter of the original tube blank 7, as shown in FIG. 3, and with respect to D1、D2xAnd D3The calculation is mainly used for controlling the reduction amount in the subsequent reduction process, and the reduced diameter blank is established by using the data as shown in fig. 2, according to the technical requirements of different models of commercial vehicles such as heavy trucks, light trucks and micro trucks, the ratio of the maximum diameter to the minimum diameter is usually within the range of 2-3, wherein the diameter of the L section of the tubular beam is smaller, and the length of the L section of the tubular beam is within the range of 400-900 mm.
Through the calculation, 90-97% of the maximum section length of the bridge package is taken as the diameter of the original tube blank 7, and the maximum section length is not taken as the diameter of the original tube blank 7 directly, so that the original tube blank 7 with a smaller diameter is used favorably, and the aim of reducing the production cost is fulfilled.
Because the diameter-thickness ratio of the axle housing pipe blank is generally more than 20 (the diameter of the pipe blank/the wall thickness of the pipe blank), the axle housing belongs to the category of thin-wall pipes, the conventional upsetting-extruding diameter-reducing method is adopted, the diameter-reducing ratio of each pass is generally not more than 15% of the original pipe diameter, so that the material is prevented from being unstably deformed to form wrinkles after being subjected to axial force, the diameter reduction of the axle housing needs to be reduced for multiple passes aiming at the requirement of large diameter-reducing ratio of the axle housing, and the heat treatment in the period is increased to eliminate the cold hardening phenomenon. Therefore, the diameter reducing process is improved, the radial die forging technical scheme is adopted, the large-diameter-reducing-rate diameter reduction can be efficiently realized, and the problem caused by the conventional cold heading diameter reduction is avoided.
For this reason, the diameter reduction of the present embodiment is mainly to fix the selected original pipe blank 7 on a diameter reduction device, and apply a contraction force to the original pipe blank 7 by the multi-piece diameter reduction die 4 in a manner of rotating and feeding the pipe blank to reduce the diameter of the original pipe blank to obtain a raw pipe blank, wherein the deformation position of the pipe blank during the process of molding the original pipe blank 7 by the multi-piece diameter reduction die 4 is subjected to a heating treatment.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the reducing apparatus includes a pipe billet rotating and axial feeding mechanism, a die holder 3 for mounting the multi-piece reducing die 4, the multi-piece reducing die 4 for reducing, a mandrel 51 for heating and shaping the inner wall of the original pipe billet 7, and an induction heating coil 6 for heating the outer wall of the original pipe billet 7.
Specifically, the pipe blank rotating and axial feeding mechanism comprises a frame 1 and a traveling trolley 2 arranged on the frame 1, in the embodiment, the frame 1 is arranged in a cuboid shape, rails 11 for the traveling trolley 2 to move are arranged on two sides of the frame 1, the rails 11 are just the existing common I-shaped rails 11, in the embodiment, in order to simplify the structure, the traveling trolley 2 is composed of an upper portion and a lower portion, wherein the bottom portion is arranged in a flat plate shape, a sliding block is arranged on the upper portion, the sliding block is used for realizing traveling on the rails 11, and the upper portion is arranged in a door-shaped frame shape.
In order to fix the original tube blank 7, the walking trolley 2 is provided with two clamps 25, one of the clamps 25 is similar to a structure of a triangular chuck machined in the prior art, and clamps the end part of the original tube blank 7 from inside and outside, as shown in fig. 5, the other clamp is used for clamping the outer side only when the diameter of one end of the original tube blank 7 needs to be locked after the diameter of the other end is reduced, and the clamping mechanism is similar to a clamping scheme of a multi-petal reducing mould 4 structure, so that the tube blank is clamped.
In order to drive the clamp 25 to rotate, a driving motor 21 is arranged at the top of the walking trolley 2, a speed reducer 22 is connected to a power end of the driving motor 21, a driving gear 23 is connected to a power end of the speed reducer 22, and a rotating gear 24 meshed with the driving gear 23 is arranged at the end of the clamp 25, so that the rotation of the clamp 25 can be realized by the rotation of the driving motor 21, and the rotation of the original blank is completed. In this embodiment, the mode of adopting the rotary feeding can effectively avoid the material to lose stability after receiving the axial force and form the fold.
In order to realize the feeding of the original tube blank 7, a walking motor 26 is arranged on the walking trolley 2, in the present embodiment, the walking motor 26 is vertically arranged on a flat plate at the bottom of the walking trolley 2, a power end of the walking motor 26 is arranged upward, a walking reducer 27 is connected to the power end of the walking reducer 27, and a walking gear 28 is connected to the power end of the walking reducer 27. In this way, the traveling carriage 2 is driven by the auxiliary gear, but if the power end of the traveling motor 26 is disposed downward, the traveling gear 28 may be directly fixed to the power end of the traveling reducer 27.
The die carrier 3 is mainly used for installing a multi-section reducing die 4, the die carrier 3 can be selected according to different reducing devices, and if a high-frequency punch press is selected, the high-frequency punch press provides a punch on the die with a certain frequency and a certain tonnage of downward pressure, and the die can be a punch press or a standard radial forging machine. When a radial forging machine is adopted, the radial forging machine is not provided with a die set, the die is directly arranged on the hammer head of the radial forging machine, the rest parts are the same as the scheme of the punching machine, in the embodiment, the structural design similar to the punching machine is adopted, the die set 3 is integrally of a square frame structure, punching oil cylinders are arranged on the upper side, the lower side and the two sides of the die set 3, the power end of each punching oil cylinder is connected with a punch, and the punches are used for being connected with a multi-segment reducing die 4.
The multi-piece diameter reducing die 4 is a die having a hole at the center, which is formed by a plurality of dies arranged in a ring shape, and the diameter reducing die has a multi type structure, which has at least two or more pieces, and in the present embodiment, it has a four-piece type, and is used to match punches in four directions on the die holder 3. The shape of the cross section of the closed die is consistent with the diameter change taper after reducing the diameter, considering D4xReducing directly to D3The contact surface of the multi-petal diameter reducing die 4 and the original blank pipe has a large variation, and for this purpose, the contact surface includes horizontal surfaces 41 disposed at both ends and a transition inclined surface 42 disposed between the horizontal surfaces 41, wherein the transition inclined surface 42 is used for realizing the transition between two horizontal surfaces 41 with different diameters. Wherein the diameter of the horizontal plane 41 near the end of the original tubular blank 7 and D4xThe same, and the diameter of the horizontal surface 41 away from the surface is equal to D3Similarly, the transition inclined surface 42 is used to realize the transition between the two horizontal surfaces 41, so as to make the two horizontal surfaces gradually transit and reduce the diameter, thereby ensuring the diameter reduction effect, and in the embodiment,taking Q460C high-strength steel as an example, the multi-petal reducing die 4 is opened and closed in a reciprocating way at the frequency of 1-2Hz, the contraction force is applied to the workpiece, the contraction stroke is controlled to be 5-10mm each time, and the tube blank advances 15-20mm along the axis when the die is loosened. When the end part of the tube blank enters the taper root part of the die, the tube blank is extruded by the die and the die core in the wall thickness direction, so that the controlled stable and consistent wall thickness can be formed after the tube blank leaves the die.
In consideration of the problem of material deformation limit of cold heading diameter reduction, in the embodiment, the front end of the die holder 3 is further provided with the induction heating coil 6, and the induction heating coil 6 heats according to the yield strength change of the material at different temperatures, so that the original pipe blank 7 is deformed in a high-elongation and low-yield-strength state, and the diameter reduction can be realized by a small force.
In this embodiment, the fixing frame 5 is provided at an end of the die holder 3 away from the pipe blank rotating and axial feeding mechanism, and may be provided separately or on the die holder 3. The fixing frame 5 mainly aims at fixing the mandrel 51, and the mandrel 51 has three functions, namely, firstly, the mandrel supports the original tube blank 7 and is used for supporting the original tube blank 7 in the diameter reducing process of the multi-petal diameter reducing die 4; secondly, the pipe blank is heated from the inside, and for this reason, in the present embodiment, an electric heater is provided in the mandrel 51 to assist the heating; finally, then in order to obtain the axle housing that intensity is better, as shown in fig. 8, fig. 9, because adopt high strength steel, under equal intensity, its thickness and weight will be less than low strength steel far away, thereby satisfy the demand of lightweight, and the feeding mode of original pipe 7 is rotatory feeding undergauge, and simultaneously, dabber 51 also is the rotating condition, the rotatory mode of dabber 51 also can adopt gear drive's mode, also can be belt drive, under the condition of increase spiral protrusion 511 on the surface of dabber 51 like this, will form spiral helicine strengthening rib at the tubular beam section of axle housing, thereby further reach the mesh that strengthens axle housing intensity. In this embodiment, the mandrel 51 for heating the inner wall of the raw material pipe 7 and controlling the wall thickness of the reduced diameter portion is coaxial with the axis of the multi-piece die, is axially fixed, and is driven to rotate about the axis. The mandrel 51 extends into the die, the positions of the equal-diameter parts of the multi-split die are provided with spiral protrusions 511, when the pipe blank is separated from the taper of the multi-split die, under the combined action of the spiral force of the mandrel 51, the axial feeding force of the pipe blank and the die closing force of the equal-diameter parts of the multi-split die, the pipe blank forms the shape of the equal-wall thickness and the equal-outer-diameter parts of an axle housing shoulder, wherein a spiral groove with a certain depth is formed in the inner wall of the axle housing shoulder, the bending modulus of the cross section is improved, and a light-weight structure is realized. In addition, a gas flow channel is arranged in the mandrel 51, and a plurality of gas spray holes are arranged at the outer end of the spiral protrusion 511, so that flame heat compensation is performed on the tube blank which begins to deform and reduce in diameter, and the yield strength and the elongation rate of the tube blank in the whole process of stress deformation meet the process conditions.
Through the arrangement, 2-3 times of reducing amount can be ensured without unstability and wrinkling of the original tube blank 7, meanwhile, the wall thickness of the reducing part is controlled, and the wall thickness of the bridge shoulder part is enabled to form a reinforced groove structure which is beneficial to improving the bending modulus of the section. In addition, the heating arrangement enables the material of the original tube blank 7 to be further subjected to heat treatment, so that the strength of the original tube blank is higher, and therefore, the efficient and rapid diameter reduction can be realized, and the production efficiency is improved.
Because the I area is a cylindrical section area, the III area is a square column section area with four rounded corners, and the II area is I, III area transition state, the diameter reducing of the I area and the II area needs to be independently reduced, the diameter reducing equipment is the same as that of the III area, and the diameter reducing of the I area and the II area is completed as shown in fig. 5.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for reducing a tube blank for a driving axle housing expansion forming process is characterized by comprising the following effective steps:
a. firstly, selecting a proper original pipe blank according to an axle housing structure digital model to be realized;
b. fixing the selected original pipe blank on reducing equipment of a multi-piece reducing die, and applying pressure and shrinkage force to the original pipe blank in the multi-piece reducing die in a pipe blank rotating and feeding mode to reduce the diameter of the original pipe blank to obtain a rough pipe blank with a controllable reducing wall thickness, wherein the deformation position of the pipe blank in the process of molding the original pipe blank by the multi-piece reducing die is subjected to heating treatment;
wherein, the step a comprises the following effective steps:
a1, firstly, dividing the axle housing into two parts by taking a central line as a center according to an axle housing structure digital model to be realized, and dividing each part into four types of areas, wherein the four types of areas comprise a cylindrical section area at the end part, a square column section area close to a bridge shoulder, a transition area between the cylindrical section area and a placing section area, and the bridge shoulder and a bridge package area;
a2, converting the section perimeter into the corresponding circular tube diameter by taking 1% of the axial length as an equidistant segmentation unit along the direction of the cylindrical section area to the bridge shoulder and the bridge packet area, and selecting the maximum value as the diameter of the original tube blank.
2. The method for reducing the tube blank for the expansion and compression molding process of the transaxle case of claim 1 wherein, in the step b, the mandrel is sleeved in the original tube blank, and the original tube blank is supported while a contraction force is applied to the original tube blank.
3. The method for reducing the tube blank for the driving axle housing bulging forming process according to claim 2, wherein the surface of the mandrel is provided with a spiral protrusion, and the mandrel is rotatably sleeved in the original tube blank.
4. The method for reducing the tube blank for the driving axle housing bulging forming process according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a heating device is arranged in the mandrel.
5. A method for reducing a tube blank for a driving axle housing bulging forming process according to claim 1 is characterized in that the reducing device comprises a tube blank rotating and axial feeding mechanism, a die carrier for mounting a multi-segment reducing die, a multi-segment reducing die for reducing, a mandrel for heating and shaping the inner wall of an original tube blank and an induction heating coil for heating the outer wall of the original tube blank.
6. The method for reducing the tube blank for the driving axle housing bulging forming process is characterized in that the contact surface of the multi-petal diameter reducing die and the original blank tube comprises horizontal surfaces arranged at two ends and a transition inclined surface arranged between the horizontal surfaces, wherein the transition inclined surface is used for realizing the transition between the two horizontal surfaces with different diameters.
7. A method for reducing a pipe blank for a driving axle housing bulging forming process according to claim 5, wherein the pipe blank rotating and axial feeding mechanism comprises a rack and a walking trolley arranged on the rack, a track for the walking trolley to move is arranged on the rack, a clamp for clamping an original pipe blank is arranged on the walking trolley, and the clamp is rotatably arranged on the walking trolley.
8. A pipe blank reducing method for a driving axle housing bulging forming process according to claim 7 is characterized in that the walking trolley is arranged in a door-shaped frame shape, the clamp is arranged in the walking trolley, a driving motor is arranged at the top of the walking trolley, a speed reducer is connected to a power end of the driving motor, a driving gear is connected to a power end of the speed reducer, and a rotating gear meshed with the driving gear is arranged at the end of the clamp.
9. A pipe blank reducing method for a driving axle housing bulging forming process according to claim 8 is characterized in that a traveling motor is arranged on the traveling trolley, a traveling reducer is connected to a power end of the traveling motor, a traveling gear is connected to a power end of the traveling reducer, and a rack meshed with the traveling gear is arranged on the rack.
CN202210384828.6A 2021-12-21 2022-04-13 Pipe blank reducing method for expansion-compression molding process of drive axle housing Pending CN114713711A (en)

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CN2021115684827 2021-12-21

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116475305A (en) * 2023-06-21 2023-07-25 倍力汽车轻量化科技(潍坊)有限公司 Commercial vehicle and light commercial wheel house bracket tube beam and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116475305A (en) * 2023-06-21 2023-07-25 倍力汽车轻量化科技(潍坊)有限公司 Commercial vehicle and light commercial wheel house bracket tube beam and manufacturing method thereof
CN116475305B (en) * 2023-06-21 2023-10-24 倍力汽车轻量化科技(潍坊)有限公司 Commercial vehicle and light commercial wheel house bracket tube beam and manufacturing method thereof

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