CN114713703A - Electromagnetic forming device and method without air influence - Google Patents
Electromagnetic forming device and method without air influence Download PDFInfo
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- CN114713703A CN114713703A CN202210242967.5A CN202210242967A CN114713703A CN 114713703 A CN114713703 A CN 114713703A CN 202210242967 A CN202210242967 A CN 202210242967A CN 114713703 A CN114713703 A CN 114713703A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D43/00—Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
- B21D43/003—Positioning devices
Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic forming device without air influence and a forming method, wherein the device comprises an epoxy framework cavity, a background field coil and an objective table; the two end parts of the epoxy framework cavity are provided with blank pressing flanges, one side of the epoxy framework cavity is sealed, and the other side of the epoxy framework cavity is of an end cover structure; four small holes are arranged on the sealing side wall at the end part of the epoxy framework cavity and are used for placing conductive screws, the background field coil is wound in the blank pressing flange of the epoxy framework cavity, and the coil is fixed with the blank pressing flange by bolts; the objective table sets up in the epoxy skeleton cavity, and the top surface both sides all set up trapezoidal current conducting plate, and the top surface of trapezoidal current conducting plate is rotatable and sets up blank pressing mechanism, and the top surface of objective table is provided with forming die, compresses tightly between the top surface of blank pressing mechanism and trapezoidal current conducting plate and is provided with metal blank, and the lock is connected between the one end that its axis of rotation was kept away from to blank pressing mechanism and the side of objective table. The invention can complete the whole forming process in a vacuum environment, and can effectively reduce the phenomena of workpiece oxidation, surface wrinkling and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal forming and manufacturing, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic forming device and a forming method without air influence.
Background
The light weight is an important technical means for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction in the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like. The main approach for realizing lightweight is to adopt light alloy materials, and high-performance aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and magnesium alloy become the preferred materials for realizing lightweight in modern aerospace, automobile industry and the like. However, the light alloy material has low forming plasticity at room temperature, poor local ductility, easy generation of cracks and large rebound, and the processing effect by adopting the traditional processing technology is not ideal. Electromagnetic forming is a high-speed pulse forming technology, can greatly improve the forming performance of metal materials, and is one of effective means for solving the forming difficulty of light alloys.
The electromagnetic forming process has the following two characteristics: the current in the metal material, the forming speed is very fast, which makes the air around the workpiece and the die have a great influence on the forming result. Specifically, the current in the metal material generates a large amount of joule heat, and the material such as titanium alloy, amorphous alloy and the like is easily oxidized by contacting with air in the electromagnetic forming process, so that the forming is not facilitated. The forming is completed within millisecond time, the speed is very high, the air damping in the die can influence the forming effect, and meanwhile, the material can be wrinkled, and the quality of the workpiece is damaged. In addition, when the die size is fixed, the magnitude of the blank holder force of the workpiece has an important influence on the final forming result. Generally, too small edge pressing force cannot effectively control the flow of materials in the forming process, the sheet is prone to wrinkling, too large edge pressing force can make the material flow idle and difficult, the tendency of thinning and cracking is correspondingly increased, and meanwhile the possibility that the surfaces of a die and the sheet are damaged is increased, so that the service life of the die and the surface quality of parts are affected.
The prior art mainly adopts a mode of vacuumizing a mold cavity or independently using a vacuum chamber to reduce the influence of air on an electromagnetic forming process. The Chinese patent CN 2017211579962 provides a novel electromagnetic forming device for weak conductive materials, wherein a forming mold of the device is a hemispherical concave mold, a vent hole is arranged inside the concave mold and is connected with a vacuum pump, and air in the concave mold is pumped out through the vacuum pump. The Chinese patent CN 2016110922711-1 adopts the same arrangement of vent holes and vacuum pumps and is used for the warm electric heating high-speed impact forming of the plate. And the air in the female die is pumped out, so that the non-resistance die sticking during the plate forming can be realized. However, only the air in the concave die at the lower part of the plate is pumped out, and the atmospheric pressure still exists at the upper part of the plate, so that the plate has a pre-deformation under the action of the difference of the upper and lower pressure, and the forming result is influenced. On the other hand, the hemispherical female die has a simple structure and enough space, and a vent hole can be arranged to exhaust air, but for a die with a complex structure, the structure of the die can be damaged by the exhaust hole, so that the method is not completely feasible. Chinese patent CN 2020107329513 proposes to use a helmholtz coil as a background magnetic field for the electromagnetic forming of a titanium alloy bipolar plate, and first puts a formed workpiece and a mold into a vacuum chamber, and then puts the vacuum chamber into an open space of the helmholtz coil. The method effectively solves the problems of pre-deformation of the workpiece and oxidation of the titanium alloy material, but requires the background magnetic field coil to leave enough open space to accommodate the independent vacuum chamber, so that the space utilization rate is low, and the vacuum chamber needs to be taken out of and placed in the background magnetic field coil during each forming, the tooling is complex, and the forming efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an electromagnetic forming device without air influence and a forming method, and aims to solve the problems of material oxidation and wrinkling caused by the existence of air or insufficient vacuum pumping in the existing electromagnetic forming.
The invention provides an electromagnetic forming device without air influence, which comprises: the device comprises an epoxy framework cavity, a background field coil and an objective table; the shape of the epoxy framework cavity is matched with that of the background field coil, blank pressing flanges are arranged at two end parts of the epoxy framework cavity, one side of the end part of the epoxy framework cavity is sealed, the other side of the end part of the epoxy framework cavity is of an end cover structure, and an air suction hole and a vacuum gauge are arranged on an end cover; four small holes are formed in the sealing side wall of the end part of the cavity of the epoxy framework, conductive screws are placed in the four small holes and are sequentially marked as a first conductive screw, a second conductive screw, a third conductive screw and a fourth conductive screw, wherein the inner ends of the first conductive screw and the second conductive screw extend into the cavity and are connected with the two ends of the objective table through L-shaped copper bars, and the third conductive screw and the fourth conductive screw are respectively used as an electrode of coil current and an electrode of workpiece current; the background field coil is wound in a blank pressing flange of the epoxy framework cavity, and the coil is fixed with the blank pressing flange by using bolts; the objective table sets up in the epoxy skeleton cavity, and the top surface both sides of objective table all are provided with trapezoidal current conducting plate, are provided with between trapezoidal current conducting plate and first conductive screw's the inner L type copper bar, the top surface of trapezoidal current conducting plate is rotatable and is provided with blank pressing mechanism, and the top surface of objective table is provided with forming die, compresses tightly and is provided with the metal blank between the top surface of blank pressing mechanism and trapezoidal current conducting plate, and the lock is connected between the one end that its axis of rotation was kept away from to blank pressing mechanism and the side of objective table.
Wherein, the background field coil can be a rectangular copper coil.
Still further, the edge pressing mechanism includes: two edge pressing laths, a connecting lath and two buckling laths; the two blank pressing strip plates are respectively positioned on the top surfaces of the two trapezoidal current conducting plates, and the front ends of the two blank pressing strip plates are rotatably connected with a hinge seat arranged on the top surfaces of the trapezoidal current conducting plates through a rotating shaft; the connecting ribbon board is fixedly arranged between the rear ends of the two edge pressing ribbon boards; two lock slats all rotate the setting and are in connect on the rear end of slat, and have certain elasticity, the bottom of lock slat is provided with the plug-in components, sets up on the trailing flank of objective table and has put the groove of inserting, and the plug-in components inserts in the groove of inserting.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the insertion grooves may be multiple, the multiple insertion grooves are distributed vertically downward along the fastening strip plate, the multiple insertion grooves are distributed at equal intervals and sequentially away from the top end of the objective table, and the cross section of the insertion groove is circular.
Furthermore, the two edge pressing strips are parallel to each other, the two buckling strips are parallel to each other, the connecting strip is perpendicular to the two edge pressing strips, the top surfaces of the two edge pressing strips and the top surface of the connecting strip are located on the same horizontal plane, the side surfaces of the connecting strip and the side surfaces of the two buckling strips are located on the same vertical plane, and the inserting groove is located at the bottom end of the rear side surface of the objective table.
In the embodiment of the invention, the angle measuring instruments for determining whether the two blank pressing laths are simultaneously kept horizontal are arranged on the top surfaces of the two blank pressing laths.
Furthermore, an elastic gasket is arranged on the bottom surface of the edge pressing strip plate, the cross section of the elastic gasket is of a right-angled triangle structure, one right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is attached to the bottom surface of the edge pressing strip plate, and the other right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is distributed close to the hinge base. Therefore, the two blank pressing laths can be guaranteed to compact the two sides of the blank without leaving space, and the blank is in good contact with the blank pressing laths.
Furthermore, the side walls of the epoxy framework cavities of the first conductive screw rod, the second conductive screw rod, the third conductive screw rod and the fourth conductive screw rod are perpendicular to each other, the first conductive screw rod and the second conductive screw rod are located on the same straight line, the vertical end of the L-shaped copper bar and the inner ends of the first conductive screw rod and the second conductive screw rod are fixed through nuts, and the horizontal end of the copper bar is detachably connected with the trapezoidal conductive plate through bolts.
The invention also provides an electromagnetic forming method based on the electromagnetic imaging device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the object stage with the workpiece in the epoxy framework cavity, and vacuumizing the epoxy framework cavity through the air exhaust hole until the required vacuum degree is met;
s2 connecting the forming coil and the workpiece to a pulsed power supply:
two forming modes are selected according to actual forming requirements, and the electrode connection conditions of the two forming modes are as follows: (1) connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the formed coil and the workpiece current with the positive and negative electrodes of the capacitor bank respectively, wherein the coil current and the workpiece current are independently adjustable; (2) connecting the negative electrode of the forming coil with the positive electrode of the current of the workpiece, and then respectively connecting the positive electrode of the forming coil and the negative electrode of the current of the workpiece with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the capacitor bank, wherein the current loop of the whole device is equivalently connected in series;
s3 discharges the capacitor bank through the pulse power supply, when the capacitor bank reaches the preset voltage value, the power supply is disconnected, the discharge control switch is closed, the coil with the background field is discharged, the discharge current generates the pulse background magnetic field in the space, simultaneously, the eddy current is induced in the workpiece, the workpiece eddy current and the coil discharge current generate mutually exclusive electromagnetic force, the force tends to make the workpiece impact the die downwards, the deformation is completed instantly, and the electromagnetic forming process without air influence is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the integrated device combining the electromagnetic forming coil and the vacuum chamber, which adopts the technical scheme, has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention increases the wall thickness of the traditional coil framework and forms a sealable chamber, thus the coil framework and the vacuum chamber can be integrated, the operable space is greatly increased, the space utilization rate is effectively improved, and the forming device is simplified. Meanwhile, the whole forming process can be finished in a vacuum environment, and the phenomena of workpiece oxidation, surface wrinkling and the like can be effectively reduced.
(2) The forming method provided by the invention has two selectable forming modes to meet different forming requirements: (a) the two sets of capacitor banks are respectively connected with the coil and the anode and the cathode of the workpiece, the current of the coil and the current of the workpiece can be independently controlled, and if the workpiece can be discharged first, the workpiece is softened by through-flow heat and is easier to form; (b) a set of capacitor bank is connected with the coil and the anode and the cathode of the workpiece in series to form a discharge loop, so that the synchronous discharge of the coil and the workpiece can be realized.
(3) In the in-process that uses, at first the rotatory blank pressing mechanism that opens, place two trapezoidal current conducting plate's top surface respectively to the both ends of titanium alloy blank, rotatory pressfitting blank pressing mechanism downwards again, make two blank pressing laths in the blank pressing mechanism compress tightly the both ends top surface of titanium alloy blank downwards, thereby fix the titanium alloy blank directly over forming die, ensure the inside that the downward motion can be smooth to forming die of titanium alloy blank under the effect of internal pulse current, thereby carry out the shaping process, and finally, the design that the lock is connected between the rear end of blank pressing mechanism and the side of objective table, replaced traditional mode through four bolt tightening pressfittings, it is more convenient to operate.
(4) When the lath is connected in the pulling down, the both ends of connecting the lath drive two blank pressing laths respectively simultaneously and rotate downwards, make two blank pressing laths compress tightly the both ends of titanium alloy blank downwards simultaneously, thereby stable fastening of titanium alloy blank is on the top surface of two trapezoidal current conducting plates, wherein, two blank pressing laths can the simultaneous downward operation, traditional two blank pressing laths of having replaced separately independent operation, the operation is simple, and is swift, and finally, two blank pressing laths share same pivot, the function of joint operation has been realized, when connecting the lath rotatory to making the both ends of titanium alloy blank compressed tightly simultaneously, the bottom lock of two lock laths is on the trailing flank of objective table, thereby fix a position and connect the lath, and then realize the stable effect of fixing a position of titanium alloy blank.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic forming apparatus without air influence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic winding structure diagram of a background field coil in an electromagnetic forming apparatus without air influence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stage in an electromagnetic forming apparatus without air influence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an edge pressing mechanism in an electromagnetic forming apparatus without air influence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
According to the invention, the problem of complex tooling when the traditional forming device is used for carrying out experiments in a vacuum environment is effectively solved by combining the coil and the vacuum chamber, and meanwhile, the designed objective table edge pressing device greatly improves the experiment efficiency.
The invention provides an electromagnetic forming device without air influence, which comprises an epoxy framework cavity, a background field coil and an object stage, wherein the object stage is provided with a plurality of cavities; meanwhile, the blank pressing mechanism is designed on the objective table, and the blank pressing force of the workpiece can be adjusted according to actual needs.
The epoxy framework cavity is of a thick-wall cavity structure made of epoxy resin, the shape of the epoxy framework cavity can be designed according to the background field coil, and the epoxy framework cavity is suitable for various background field coils. The two ends of the epoxy framework cavity are provided with blank pressing flanges, one side of the epoxy framework cavity is sealed, the other side of the epoxy framework cavity is made into an end cover, the end cover is provided with an air exhaust hole and a vacuum gauge, the whole cavity can form a vacuum environment with the ultimate vacuum degree of 0.1Pa, the vacuum environment is equivalent to a vacuum chamber, the object stage can be completely placed in the vacuum chamber, the sealing side wall is provided with four small holes, conductive screw rods are placed in the four small holes and serve as electrodes of coil current and workpiece current, and the two conductive screw rods stretch into the cavity and are connected with the two ends of the object stage through L-shaped copper bars.
The background field coil is wound in a blank pressing flange of the epoxy framework cavity, and the coil is fixed with the blank pressing flange through bolts.
Be provided with the objective table in the epoxy skeleton cavity, the top surface both sides of objective table all are provided with trapezoidal current conducting plate, are provided with the copper bar between the inner of trapezoidal current conducting plate and conductive screw, and the top surface of trapezoidal current conducting plate is rotatable and is provided with blank pressing mechanism, and the top surface of objective table is provided with forming die, compresses tightly between the top surface of blank pressing mechanism and trapezoidal current conducting plate and is provided with metal blank, and the lock is connected between the side of its one end of axis of rotation and objective table is kept away from to blank pressing mechanism.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the background field coil may be a rectangular copper coil, which generates a higher magnetic field strength than the solenoid coil, and has better magnetic field uniformity, and is more suitable for electromagnetic forming of the plate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the edge pressing mechanism includes: two blank pressing laths, one connects lath and two lock laths, all be provided with articulated seat on the top surface of two trapezoidal current conducting plates, the front end of two blank pressing laths all rotates through pivot and articulated seat to be connected, two blank pressing laths are located the top surface of two trapezoidal current conducting plates respectively, it sets up between the rear end of two blank pressing laths to connect the fixed setting of lath, two lock laths all rotate the setting on the rear end of connecting the lath, the bottom of lock lath is provided with the piece of plugging in, it has been put the groove of plugging in to set up on the trailing flank of objective table, the piece of plugging in inserts the groove of plugging in.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the inserting member may be a plurality of inserting nails, the plurality of inserting grooves are distributed vertically downward along the fastening strip plate, the plurality of inserting grooves are distributed at equal intervals and sequentially away from the top end of the objective table, and the cross section of the inserting groove is circular. Wherein, two blank pressing laths parallel each other, two lock laths are parallel to each other, connect the lath simultaneously and two blank pressing laths mutually perpendicular, the top surface of two blank pressing laths, the top surface of connecting the lath are located same horizontal plane, the side of connecting the lath, the side of two lock laths is located same vertical plane, the bottom position department of the trailing flank of slot in the objective table.
In the embodiment of the invention, the top surfaces of the two edge pressing strips are respectively provided with an angle measuring instrument for determining that the two edge pressing strips are kept horizontal at the same time, the bottom surfaces of the edge pressing strips are provided with an elastic gasket, the cross section of the elastic gasket is of a right-angled triangle structure, one right-angled edge of the right-angled triangle is attached to the bottom surfaces of the edge pressing strips, and the other right-angled edge of the right-angled triangle is distributed close to the hinge seat, so that the two edge pressing strips can be guaranteed to compact the two sides of the blank without leaving space, and the blank can be well contacted with the edge pressing strips.
In the embodiment of the invention, the side walls of the conductive screw rods and the epoxy framework cavity are mutually vertical, the two conductive screw rods are positioned on the same straight line, the copper bar is of an L-shaped structure, the vertical end of the copper bar and the inner end of the conductive screw rod are fixed through a nut, and the horizontal end of the copper bar and the trapezoidal conductive plate are detachably connected together through a bolt.
The invention also provides an electromagnetic forming method without air influence, which comprises the following steps:
s1, opening the end cover of the epoxy framework cavity, putting the objective table with the workpiece in, closing the end cover, and connecting the air suction hole with an air suction machine for vacuumizing until the required vacuum degree is met;
s2 connects the forming coil and the workpiece to a pulsed power supply. According to the actual forming requirement, two forming modes can be selected, and the electrode connection conditions of the two modes are as follows: (1) connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the formed coil and the workpiece current with the positive and negative electrodes of the capacitor bank respectively, wherein the coil current and the workpiece current are independently adjustable; (2) connecting the negative electrode of the forming coil with the positive electrode of the current of the workpiece, and then respectively connecting the positive electrode of the forming coil and the negative electrode of the current of the workpiece with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the capacitor bank, wherein the current loop of the whole device is equivalent to series connection;
s3, calculating according to the material characteristics of the workpiece and the specific forming requirement to obtain the electromagnetic force required by forming, calculating a preset discharge voltage through finite element simulation, then charging the capacitor bank by a pulse power supply, switching off the power supply after the capacitor bank reaches a preset voltage value (the preset voltage value is generally not more than 20KV, and the specific voltage value can be set correspondingly according to the forming requirement), switching on a discharge control switch, discharging a background field coil, generating a pulse background magnetic field in space by discharge current, inducing eddy current in the workpiece, generating mutually exclusive electromagnetic force by the workpiece eddy current and coil discharge current, and tending to make the workpiece impact a die downwards to complete deformation instantly, thereby realizing the electromagnetic forming process without air influence.
In the embodiment of the invention, a certain improvement is carried out on the tool design of the traditional forming device, and the designed blank pressing mechanism replaces a bolt blank reinforcing mode, so that the problem that when a metal blank is installed each time, a plurality of fixing bolts need to be screwed independently and the operation is complex is solved.
To further illustrate the electromagnetic forming apparatus and forming method without air influence according to the embodiments of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the integrated device of the electromagnetic forming coil and the epoxy framework cavity comprises an epoxy framework cavity 3, wherein the epoxy framework cavity is a cuboid cavity, one end of the epoxy framework cavity is sealed, the other end of the epoxy framework cavity is used as an end cover 4 and can be opened and closed, and the whole cavity is equivalent to the epoxy framework cavity. The coil is wound between the two blank pressing flanges 7 of the framework, the coil is in the prior art, specifically adopts a round-angle rectangular structure and comprises an epoxy framework cavity, a copper conductor, a coil flange, a copper electrode and a plurality of fastening bolts, the epoxy framework cavity and the coil flange are made of epoxy resin, and the copper conductor has a cross section area of 7 multiplied by 5mm2The copper wire is wound on the epoxy framework cavity, fixed through the coil flange and the fastening bolt, and the surface of the wire is coated with the epoxy curing agent for reinforcement. Objective table 8 has been placed in the cavity, it has four apertures to open on the chamber wall of cavity left side sealed end, wherein two jogged joint forming coil's business turn over end, constitute positive negative pole 10 of coil current, two intraductal conductive screw rods that are equipped with in addition, extend to inside the epoxy skeleton cavity through the chamber wall, copper bar 6 is passed through to its inboard and the fastening bolt of objective table 8 both sides is connected, wherein, copper bar 6 adopts L type shape structure, it is fixed through the nut between the vertical end of copper bar 6 and conductive screw rod 2's the inner, link together through bolt detachable between the horizontal end of copper bar 6 and the trapezoidal current conducting plate 5.
During use, there are two discharge modes that can be selected:
the first mode is as follows: one set of capacitor bank is connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrode 10 through a switch, the other set of capacitor bank is also connected with the electrode 2 through a switch, the two sets of capacitor banks are charged by a pulse power supply to reach a preset voltage, then time sequence control can be carried out, and the workpiece and the coil are discharged in sequence, so that independent control of coil current and workpiece current can be realized.
And a second mode: the positive pole of a set of capacitor bank is connected with the positive pole of 10 through a switch, then the negative pole of 10 is connected with the positive pole of 2, and finally the negative pole of 2 is connected with the negative pole of the capacitor bank, the whole capacitor bank is equivalent to a series circuit, a pulse power supply is firstly used for charging the capacitor bank to reach a preset voltage, then a workpiece and a coil are simultaneously discharged, and therefore synchronous loading of coil current and workpiece current can be achieved.
When pulse current flows through the blank, make the blank temperature rise fast, the pulse magnetic field that background field coil established simultaneously can produce the pulse electromagnetic force in the blank, drive the blank towards the high-speed motion of mould, accomplish bipolar plate's shaping in the twinkling of an eye, in addition, connect copper bar 6 on conductive screw 2's inner end through the nut, have the detachable effect, be convenient for maintain and change copper bar 6, also adopt detachable to connect between the horizontal end of copper bar 6 and trapezoidal current conducting plate 5, in order to adapt to the demand of changing copper bar 6.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a blank pressing mechanism 11 is rotatably disposed on the top surface of the trapezoidal conductive plate 5, a forming mold 9 is disposed on the top surface of the object stage 8, and a blank 1 is tightly pressed between the blank pressing mechanism 11 and the top surface of the trapezoidal conductive plate 5, wherein the blank 1 may be a titanium alloy material or other metal material formed by oxidation, the cross section of the forming mold 9 has a rectangular structure, the cross section of the blank 1 has a rectangular structure, the blank 1 is located right above the forming mold 9, and two ends of the blank 1 are respectively tightly pressed on the top surfaces of the two trapezoidal conductive plates 5 by two blank pressing strips 11-1. One end of the edge pressing mechanism 11 far away from the rotation axis thereof is buckled and connected with the side surface of the object stage 8.
In the use process, at first, rotatory blank pressing mechanism 11 of opening, place two trapezoidal current conducting plate 5's top surface respectively to blank 1's both ends, rotate pressfitting blank pressing mechanism 11 downwards again, make two blank pressing laths 11-1 in the blank pressing mechanism 11 compress tightly blank 1's both ends top surface downwards, thereby fix blank 1 directly over forming die 9, ensure that pulse current can smoothly pass through trapezoidal current conducting plate 5 and flow through blank 1, thereby carry out the shaping process, and finally, the design that the lock is connected between the rear end of blank pressing mechanism 11 and the side of objective table 8, replaced traditional mode through four bolt tightening pressfittings, the operation is more convenient. In the using process, when the connecting strip plate 11-2 is pulled downwards, the two ends of the connecting strip plate 11-2 respectively drive the two blank pressing strip plates 11-1 to rotate downwards, so that the two blank-holding strips 11-1 simultaneously press down both ends of the blank 1, thereby stably fastening the blank 1 on the top surfaces of the two trapezoidal conductive plates 5, wherein, the two blank pressing laths 11-1 can simultaneously work downwards, the operation is simple and rapid, and finally, the two blank pressing laths 11-1 share the same rotating shaft 5-2, thereby realizing the function of common operation, when the connecting strip 11-2 is rotated to press the two ends of the blank 1, the bottom ends of the two fastening strips 11-3 are fastened on the back side of the objective table 8, thereby positioning the connecting strip 11-2 and thus achieving the effect of stable positioning of the blank 1.
In the use process, the staff position the position of the bottom end of the buckling lath 11-3 by inserting the insert pin into the insert groove 11-5, thereby positioning the position of the top end of the buckling lath 11-3, and considering that the distances from the plurality of insert grooves 11-5 to the top end of the back side surface of the objective table 8 are different, the insert pin can be flexibly selected to be inserted into the insert groove 11-5 as required to adjust the downward tensioning degree of the back end of the blank pressing lath 11-1, thereby adapting to blanks 1 with different thicknesses and improving the use flexibility.
In use, the worker can determine the inclination angle of the blank holding strip 11-1 with respect to the horizontal plane by observing the value of the angle measuring instrument 11-6, thereby appropriately selecting which of the fitting grooves 11-5 the insert pin is inserted into, and further, in the process of pressing the edge pressing strip plate 11-1 downwards, the elastic gasket 11-7 firstly contacts and presses the material 1, in the process that the rear end of the edge pressing strip plate 11-1 is continuously extruded downwards, one end of the elastic gasket 11-7 close to the hinged seat 5-1 is greatly deformed, so that the extrusion force is higher, to compensate for the situation that the height of the end of the edge pressing strip plate 11-1 close to the hinge seat 5-1 is fixed, thereby ensuring that the compression force on the front end and the rear end of the blank 1 are equal, ensuring that the extrusion force at the two ends of the blank 1 is uniform, and avoiding the relative deformation at the two ends of the blank 1.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An air influence-free electromagnetic forming apparatus, comprising: the device comprises an epoxy framework cavity, a background field coil and an objective table;
the shape of the epoxy framework cavity is matched with that of the background field coil, blank pressing flanges are arranged at two end parts of the epoxy framework cavity, one side of the end part of the epoxy framework cavity is sealed, the other side of the end part of the epoxy framework cavity is of an end cover structure, and an air suction hole and a vacuum gauge are arranged on an end cover; four small holes are formed in the sealing side wall of the end part of the cavity of the epoxy framework, conductive screws are placed in the four small holes and are sequentially marked as a first conductive screw, a second conductive screw, a third conductive screw and a fourth conductive screw, wherein the inner ends of the first conductive screw and the second conductive screw extend into the cavity and are connected with the two ends of the objective table through L-shaped copper bars, and the third conductive screw and the fourth conductive screw are respectively used as an electrode of coil current and an electrode of workpiece current;
the background field coil is wound in a blank pressing flange of the epoxy framework cavity, and the coil is fixed with the blank pressing flange through bolts;
the objective table sets up in the epoxy skeleton cavity, and the top surface both sides of objective table all are provided with trapezoidal current conducting plate, are provided with between the inner of trapezoidal current conducting plate and first conductive screw the L type copper bar, the rotatable blank pressing mechanism that just is provided with of top surface of trapezoidal current conducting plate, the top surface of objective table is provided with forming die, compresses tightly and is provided with metal blank between the top surface of blank pressing mechanism and trapezoidal current conducting plate, and the lock is connected between the side of the one end that its axis of rotation was kept away from to blank pressing mechanism and objective table.
2. The electromagnetic forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein the background field coil is a rectangular copper coil.
3. The electromagnetic forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein the binder mechanism comprises: two edge pressing laths, a connecting lath and two buckling laths;
the two blank pressing strip plates are respectively positioned on the top surfaces of the two trapezoidal current conducting plates, and the front ends of the two blank pressing strip plates are rotatably connected with a hinge seat arranged on the top surfaces of the trapezoidal current conducting plates through a rotating shaft;
the connecting ribbon board is fixedly arranged between the rear ends of the two edge pressing ribbon boards;
two lock slats all rotate the setting and are in connect on the rear end of slat, the bottom of lock slat is provided with the plug-in components, offers on the trailing flank of objective table to have put and inserts the groove of closing, inserts to close the piece and inserts and to insert the inslot of closing.
4. The electromagnetic forming device according to claim 3, wherein the number of the insertion grooves is plural, the plural insertion grooves are distributed along a circular arc line, a virtual center of the circular arc line is located on a rotation axis between the fastening slat and the connecting slat, the plural insertion grooves are distributed at equal intervals, and a cross section of the insertion groove is circular.
5. The electromagnetic forming device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the two edge pressing strips are parallel to each other, the two engaging strips are parallel to each other, the connecting strip is perpendicular to the two edge pressing strips, the top surfaces of the two edge pressing strips and the top surface of the connecting strip are located in the same horizontal plane, the side surfaces of the connecting strip and the side surfaces of the two engaging strips are located in the same vertical plane, and the engaging groove is located at the bottom end position of the rear side surface of the stage.
6. An electromagnetic forming apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein an angle gauge for determining whether or not both of the edge strips are simultaneously kept horizontal is provided on the top surfaces of both of the edge strips.
7. An electromagnetic forming device as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein an elastic pad is provided on the bottom surface of the edge-pressing strip, the cross section of the elastic pad is a right-angled triangle, one right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is fitted to the bottom surface of the edge-pressing strip, and the other right-angled side of the right-angled triangle is disposed adjacent to the hinge seat.
8. The electromagnetic forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first conductive screw, the second conductive screw, the third conductive screw and the fourth conductive screw are perpendicular to each other on the side wall of the epoxy skeleton cavity, the first conductive screw and the second conductive screw are located on the same straight line, the vertical end of the L-shaped copper bar and the inner ends of the first conductive screw and the second conductive screw are fixed by nuts, and the horizontal end of the copper bar and the trapezoidal conductive plate are detachably connected by bolts.
9. An electromagnetic forming method implemented based on the electromagnetic imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing the object stage with the workpiece in the epoxy framework cavity, and vacuumizing the epoxy framework cavity through the air exhaust hole until the vacuum degree meets the requirement;
s2 connecting the forming coil and the workpiece to a pulsed power supply:
two forming modes are selected according to actual forming requirements, and the electrode connection conditions of the two forming modes are as follows: (1) connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the formed coil and the workpiece current with the positive and negative electrodes of the capacitor bank respectively, wherein the coil current and the workpiece current are independently adjustable; (2) connecting the negative electrode of the forming coil with the positive electrode of the current of the workpiece, and then respectively connecting the positive electrode of the forming coil and the negative electrode of the current of the workpiece with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the capacitor bank, wherein the current loop of the whole device is equivalent to series connection;
s3 discharges the capacitor bank through the pulse power supply, when the capacitor bank reaches the preset voltage value, the power supply is disconnected, the discharge control switch is closed, the coil with the background field is discharged, the discharge current generates the pulse background magnetic field in the space, simultaneously, the eddy current is induced in the workpiece, the workpiece eddy current and the coil discharge current generate mutually exclusive electromagnetic force, the force tends to make the workpiece impact the die downwards, the deformation is completed instantly, and the electromagnetic forming process without air influence is realized.
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| US20090090162A1 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Driver plate for electromagnetic forming of sheet metal |
| CN205230677U (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-11 | 黄曦雨 | Solenoid skeleton texture and on inner frame and shell body thereof |
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