CN114709620A - Waveguide antenna applied to 4D imaging millimeter wave radar - Google Patents

Waveguide antenna applied to 4D imaging millimeter wave radar Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114709620A
CN114709620A CN202210403118.3A CN202210403118A CN114709620A CN 114709620 A CN114709620 A CN 114709620A CN 202210403118 A CN202210403118 A CN 202210403118A CN 114709620 A CN114709620 A CN 114709620A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
antenna
radio frequency
module
transmitting
receiving
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Pending
Application number
CN202210403118.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈晓丹
刘建华
陈越
屈操
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Wuxi Weifu High Technology Group Co Ltd
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Wuxi Weifu High Technology Group Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Wuxi Weifu High Technology Group Co Ltd filed Critical Wuxi Weifu High Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210403118.3A priority Critical patent/CN114709620A/en
Publication of CN114709620A publication Critical patent/CN114709620A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3233Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar, which relates to the technical field of antennas, and comprises a pyramid horn antenna module and a radio frequency board module; the pyramid horn antenna module is located above the radio frequency board module, and the pyramid horn antenna module is connected with the radio frequency board module. On the basis of overlapping the pyramid horn antenna module and the radio frequency board module, a transmitting waveguide antenna and a receiving waveguide antenna are arranged in the antenna function part in a rectangular distribution mode, and a transmitting radio frequency chip, a receiving radio frequency chip, a transmitting antenna array element and a receiving antenna array element are correspondingly arranged in the radio frequency board module. The structure of the waveguide antenna reduces the layout difficulty of the antenna on a PCB, can reduce the difficulty and cost in the antenna preparation process, and realizes batch production.

Description

Waveguide antenna applied to 4D imaging millimeter wave radar
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar.
Background
The main functions of an antenna are energy conversion and directional radiation, and therefore, any electromagnetic wave radiation and reception requires the antenna. In an automatic driving scene, antennas used by a millimeter wave radar with a 4D imaging function are mostly microstrip array antennas.
In the related art, a microstrip array antenna in a millimeter wave radar is directly etched and molded on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB).
However, in the related art, the antenna directly etched and formed on the PCB needs to adopt a high-difficulty process in an application scenario of the radar adapted with the 4D imaging function, which makes the implementation process complicated; therefore, the antenna applied to the 4D imaging radar is relatively difficult and expensive to manufacture.
Disclosure of Invention
The application relates to a waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar, which can reduce the difficulty and cost in the antenna preparation process, and the waveguide antenna applied to the 4D imaging millimeter wave radar comprises a pyramid horn antenna module and a radio frequency board module;
the pyramid horn antenna module comprises an antenna shell and an antenna function part; the antenna function part and the radio frequency board module are positioned in the accommodating space of the antenna shell, and the antenna function part is positioned above the radio frequency board module;
the antenna function part comprises a transmitting waveguide antenna and a receiving waveguide antenna, the transmitting waveguide antenna is adjacent to the receiving waveguide antenna, the transmitting waveguide antenna and the receiving waveguide antenna are distributed in a rectangular shape, and the transmitting waveguide antenna and the receiving waveguide antenna protrude out of the antenna shell;
the radio frequency board module comprises a radio frequency board bottom board, a transmitting radio frequency chip, a receiving radio frequency chip, a transmitting antenna array element and a receiving antenna array element;
the transmitting radio frequency chip, the receiving radio frequency chip, the transmitting antenna array element and the receiving antenna array element are positioned on the surface of the radio frequency board bottom board;
the transmitting radio frequency chip is adjacent to the transmitting antenna array element, and the positions of the transmitting radio frequency chip and the transmitting antenna array element correspond to the position of the transmitting waveguide antenna;
the receiving radio frequency chip is adjacent to the receiving radio frequency array element, and the positions of the receiving radio frequency chip and the receiving radio frequency array element correspond to the position of the receiving waveguide antenna;
the bottom shape of the pyramid horn antenna module corresponds to the shape of the radio frequency board module;
the pyramidal horn antenna module is made of magnesium alloy.
In an alternative embodiment, the waveguide antenna further comprises at least two thermal pads;
the heat conducting pad is positioned between the pyramid horn antenna module and the radio frequency board module;
the heat conducting pad is in contact with the transmitting radio frequency chip and the receiving radio frequency chip.
In an alternative embodiment, the antenna housing further has a heat sink and a vapor chamber;
the radiating groove is positioned on the side surface of the antenna shell;
the soaking plate is positioned at the bottom of the antenna shell;
the heat conducting pad is in contact with the soaking plate.
In an alternative embodiment, the waveguide antenna further comprises at least one fastening screw;
the edge of the bottom plate of the radio frequency plate is provided with a radio frequency plate module screw hole;
the bottom edge of the antenna shell is provided with an antenna module screw hole;
the radio frequency board module screw holes correspond to the antenna module screw holes in position and quantity, and when the radio frequency board module is connected with the pyramid horn antenna module, the fastening screws penetrate through the antenna module screw holes and the radio frequency board module screw holes which correspond to each other.
In an optional embodiment, the inner surface of the antenna housing is provided with at least two positioning columns, and the radio frequency board bottom plate is provided with positioning holes matched with the positioning columns in number;
the antenna function part is fixedly connected with the antenna shell through matching between the positioning column and the positioning hole.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes at least:
on the basis of overlapping the pyramid horn antenna module and the radio frequency board module, a transmitting waveguide antenna and a receiving waveguide antenna are arranged in the antenna function part in a rectangular distribution mode, and a transmitting radio frequency chip, a receiving radio frequency chip, a transmitting antenna array element and a receiving antenna array element are correspondingly arranged in the radio frequency board module. The structure of the waveguide antenna reduces the layout difficulty of the antenna on a PCB, can reduce the difficulty and cost in the antenna preparation process, and realizes batch production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows an exploded structural diagram of a waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter-wave radar according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radio frequency board module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a pyramidal horn antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 shows an assembly diagram of a waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
The reference numbers in the drawings are as follows:
the antenna comprises a 1-pyramid horn antenna module, a 2-radio frequency board module, a 3-heat conducting pad and a 4-fastening screw;
11-antenna housing, 12-transmitting waveguide antenna, 13-receiving waveguide antenna;
111-radiating grooves, 112-soaking plates, 113-antenna module screw holes and 114-positioning columns;
21-radio frequency board bottom plate, 22-transmitting radio frequency chip, 23-receiving radio frequency chip, 24-transmitting antenna array element, 25-receiving antenna array element, 26-radio frequency module transmitting screw hole and 27-positioning hole.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The millimeter wave radar is a radar which works in a millimeter wave band for detection. Usually, the millimeter wave is in the frequency domain of 30 to 300GHz (with a wavelength of 1 to 10 mm). Millimeter-wave radar has some of the advantages of both microwave and photoelectric radar because the wavelength of millimeter-wave waves is intermediate between microwave and centimeter waves. Compared with the centimeter wave seeker, the millimeter wave seeker has the advantages of being small in size, light in weight and high in spatial resolution. In the related art, the processes for manufacturing the antenna adapted to the millimeter wave radar are all formed by etching on a PCB. Under the performance requirement of the 4D imaging millimeter wave radar, higher requirements are put forward on the structure of the waveguide antenna. In response to this requirement, the present application provides a waveguide antenna for use in a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Referring to fig. 1, the waveguide antenna includes a pyramidal horn antenna module and a radio frequency board module. The pyramid horn antenna module is positioned above the radio frequency board module, and the pyramid horn antenna module is connected with the radio frequency board module. The pyramid horn antenna module comprises an antenna shell and an antenna function part; the antenna function part is positioned in the accommodating space of the antenna shell and comprises a transmitting waveguide antenna and a receiving waveguide antenna, the transmitting waveguide antenna is adjacent to the receiving waveguide antenna, the transmitting waveguide antenna and the receiving waveguide antenna are distributed in a rectangular mode, and the transmitting waveguide antenna and the receiving waveguide antenna protrude out of the antenna shell. The radio frequency board module comprises a transmitting radio frequency chip, a receiving radio frequency chip, a transmitting antenna array element and a receiving antenna array element, wherein the transmitting radio frequency chip is adjacent to the transmitting antenna array element, the positions of the transmitting radio frequency chip and the transmitting antenna array element correspond to the position of the transmitting waveguide antenna, the receiving radio frequency chip is adjacent to the receiving radio frequency array element, and the positions of the receiving radio frequency chip and the receiving radio frequency array element correspond to the position of the receiving waveguide antenna. The bottom shape of the pyramid horn antenna module corresponds to the shape of the radio frequency board module, and the pyramid horn antenna module is made of magnesium alloy.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, a waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar is formed by fixedly connecting a pyramidal horn antenna module and a radio frequency board module. In the pyramidal horn antenna module, the antenna shell is positioned at the outside and the antenna function part is positioned at the inside, and in the antenna function part, the transmitting waveguide antenna and the receiving waveguide antenna form rectangular distribution and protrude out of the top of the antenna shell. The transmitting waveguide antenna and the receiving waveguide antenna are specially used for transmitting radar signals.
Referring to fig. 2, in the rf board module, the transmitting antenna array elements and the receiving antenna array elements are arranged on the bottom board of the rf board at corresponding positions and in the same shape corresponding to the rectangles formed by the transmitting waveguide antenna and the receiving waveguide antenna. The specific implementation form of the radio frequency board bottom board is not limited in the application. Alternatively, the radio frequency board substrate is implemented as a PCB board. In the interior of the rectangle formed by the transmitting antenna array element and the receiving antenna array element, a transmitting radio frequency chip and a receiving radio frequency chip are also arranged on the radio frequency board module, and are distributed at the edge positions of the antenna array elements in the same form corresponding to the rectangular distribution condition.
Referring to fig. 3, in response to the situation that the top surface of the rf board module has protruding transmitting antenna elements and receiving antenna elements, the top of the pyramidal horn antenna module also has corresponding protrusions formed inward to accommodate the corresponding antenna elements and prevent interference during connection.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the material selected for the pyramidal horn antenna module is magnesium alloy, and in this case, compared to the waveguide pyramidal horn array antenna prepared by using materials such as aluminum alloy and copper alloy in the related art, the weight of the component can be reduced. In the related art, the antenna functional part is generally prepared by machining using a copper alloy or an aluminum alloy, and in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna waveguide is prepared by die casting, so that the production cost is reduced, and the method is suitable for mass production. Alternatively, in the related art, the antenna functional portion is usually prepared by using a copper alloy or an aluminum alloy, and in this embodiment, because the structure of the antenna functional portion is required to meet the requirement of higher die casting precision due to the structural arrangement of the antenna functional portion, a magnesium alloy is selected as the material of the antenna functional portion.
To sum up, the 4D formation of image millimeter wave radar's that this application embodiment provided waveguide antenna sets up transmitting waveguide antenna and receiving waveguide antenna in antenna function portion with the form that the rectangle distributes on the basis that the stack set up pyramid horn antenna module and radio frequency board module to correspond the setting of launching radio frequency chip, receiving radio frequency chip, transmitting antenna array element and receiving antenna array element in the radio frequency board module. The structure of the waveguide antenna reduces the layout difficulty of the antenna on a PCB, can reduce the difficulty and cost in the antenna preparation process, and realizes batch production.
In an optional embodiment, the waveguide antenna further includes at least two thermal pads, the thermal pads are located between the pyramidal horn antenna module and the rf board module, and the thermal pads are in contact with the transmitting rf chip and the receiving rf chip.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the thermal pad is implemented as a thermal conductive silica gel with high thermal conductivity, and during manufacturing, the thermal pad may be directly coated by a dispenser, so as to meet the requirement of automatic production. It should be noted that the shape and number of the thermal pads are not limited in the present application, and the thermal pads are illustrated in the form of 6 rectangular thermal pads in fig. 1.
In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna housing further has a heat dissipation groove and a heat spreader, the heat dissipation groove is located on the side surface of the antenna housing, and the heat spreader is located at the bottom of the antenna housing. The heat conducting pad is in contact with the soaking plate.
In the embodiment of the application, the soaking plate can uniformly diffuse the heat transferred to the antenna shell in the antenna shell. That is, the uniform diffusion of heat transferred from the heat conductive pad is achieved by the direct contact of the heat conductive pad with the soaking plate. In addition, the side face of the antenna shell is provided with the heat dissipation plate, so that heat of the transmitting radio frequency chip and heat of the receiving radio frequency chip can be dispersed on the soaking plate after being transferred through the heat conduction pad, and finally heat dissipation is carried out through the heat dissipation groove to form a heat transfer route. Under the condition, the waveguide antenna can radiate heat for the radio frequency chip on the PCB, so that the radiating efficiency of the radar product is improved, and the adaptive radar product has high-temperature adaptability.
In an alternative embodiment, the waveguide antenna further comprises at least one fastening screw, the edge of the rf board base plate has rf board module screw holes, the bottom edge of the antenna housing has antenna module screw holes, and the rf board module screw holes correspond to the positions and the number of the antenna module screw holes. When the radio frequency board module is connected with the pyramid horn antenna module, the fastening screws penetrate through the antenna module screw holes and the radio frequency board module screw holes which correspond to each other.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the fastening screws are used to pass through the corresponding radio frequency board module screw holes and the antenna module screw holes, so as to connect the radio frequency board module screw holes and the antenna module screw holes.
In an optional embodiment, the inner surface of the antenna housing is provided with at least two positioning columns, and the radio frequency board bottom plate is provided with positioning holes matched with the positioning columns in number; the antenna function part is fixedly connected with the antenna shell through matching between the positioning column and the positioning hole.
Referring to fig. 1, a positioning post is disposed on an inner surface of the antenna housing, and the positioning post is adapted to a positioning hole at a bottom of the antenna functional portion to achieve a corresponding connection between the antenna functional portion and the antenna housing, wherein the antenna functional portion is accommodated by the antenna housing.
It should be noted that, after the waveguide antenna applied to the 4D imaging millimeter wave radar is assembled, the appearance of the waveguide antenna is shown in fig. 4.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. The waveguide antenna applied to the 4D imaging millimeter wave radar is characterized by comprising a pyramid horn antenna module (1) and a radio frequency board module (2);
the pyramidal horn antenna module (1) comprises an antenna shell (11) and an antenna function part; the antenna function part and the radio frequency board module (2) are positioned in the accommodating space of the antenna shell (11), and the antenna function part is positioned above the radio frequency board module (2);
the antenna function part comprises a transmitting waveguide antenna (12) and a receiving waveguide antenna (13), the transmitting waveguide antenna (12) is adjacent to the receiving waveguide antenna (13), the transmitting waveguide antenna (12) and the receiving waveguide antenna (13) are distributed in a rectangular mode, and the transmitting waveguide antenna (12) and the receiving waveguide antenna (13) protrude out of the antenna shell (11);
the radio frequency board module (2) comprises a radio frequency board bottom board (21), a transmitting radio frequency chip (22), a receiving radio frequency chip (23), a transmitting antenna array element (24) and a receiving antenna array element (25);
the transmitting radio frequency chip (22), the receiving radio frequency chip (23), the transmitting antenna array element (24) and the receiving antenna array element (25) are positioned on the surface of the radio frequency board bottom board (21);
the transmitting radio frequency chip (22) is adjacent to the transmitting antenna array element (24), and the positions of the transmitting radio frequency chip (22) and the transmitting antenna array element (24) correspond to the position of the transmitting waveguide antenna (12);
the receiving radio frequency chip (23) is adjacent to the receiving radio frequency array element (25), and the positions of the receiving radio frequency chip (23) and the receiving radio frequency array element (25) correspond to the position of the receiving waveguide antenna (13);
the bottom shape of the pyramidal horn antenna module (1) corresponds to the shape of the radio frequency board module;
the pyramidal horn antenna module (1) is made of magnesium alloy.
2. The waveguide antenna for application to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar according to claim 1, characterized in that the waveguide antenna further comprises at least two thermal pads (3);
the heat conducting pad (3) is positioned between the pyramidal horn antenna module (1) and the radio frequency board module (2);
the heat conducting pad (3) is in contact with the transmitting radio frequency chip (22) and the receiving radio frequency chip (23).
3. The waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar according to claim 2, wherein the antenna housing (11) further has a heat dissipation groove (111) and a soaking plate (112);
the heat dissipation groove (111) is positioned on the side surface of the antenna shell (11);
the soaking plate (112) is positioned at the bottom of the antenna shell (11);
the heat conducting pad (3) is in contact with the soaking plate (112).
4. The waveguide antenna for 4D imaging millimeter wave radar application according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the waveguide antenna further comprises at least one fastening screw (4);
the edge of the radio frequency board bottom plate (21) is provided with a radio frequency board module screw hole (26);
the bottom edge of the antenna shell (11) is provided with an antenna module screw hole (113);
radio frequency board module screw hole (26) with the position and the quantity of antenna module screw hole (112) correspond, when radio frequency board module (2) with pyramid horn antenna module (1) is connected, fastening screw (4) pass mutually corresponding antenna module screw hole (113) and radio frequency board module screw hole (26).
5. The waveguide antenna applied to a 4D imaging millimeter wave radar according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner surface of the antenna housing (11) is provided with at least two positioning columns (114), and the radio frequency board bottom plate (21) is provided with positioning holes (27) matched with the number of the positioning columns (114);
the antenna function part is fixedly connected with the antenna shell (11) through matching between the positioning column (114) and the positioning hole (27).
CN202210403118.3A 2022-04-18 2022-04-18 Waveguide antenna applied to 4D imaging millimeter wave radar Pending CN114709620A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210403118.3A CN114709620A (en) 2022-04-18 2022-04-18 Waveguide antenna applied to 4D imaging millimeter wave radar

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210403118.3A CN114709620A (en) 2022-04-18 2022-04-18 Waveguide antenna applied to 4D imaging millimeter wave radar

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115986434A (en) * 2023-03-16 2023-04-18 安徽大学 Multiple-input multiple-output millimeter wave antenna array

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202373697U (en) * 2011-10-30 2012-08-08 北京无线电计量测试研究所 Ultra-wide-band pyramidal horn antenna array used for millimeter wave imaging security check system
EP3339894A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-27 Airbus Defence and Space GmbH A multiple input multiple output, mimo, radar system
CN112789516A (en) * 2018-09-05 2021-05-11 阿尔贝机器人有限公司 Skewed MIMO antenna array for automotive imaging radar
CN112865831A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-28 苏州硕贝德创新技术研究有限公司 Millimeter wave communication AIP module
CN216214101U (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-04-05 苏州硕贝德创新技术研究有限公司 Bidirectional millimeter wave radar antenna
CN114300867A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-08 中南大学 Ka frequency channel phased array antenna

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202373697U (en) * 2011-10-30 2012-08-08 北京无线电计量测试研究所 Ultra-wide-band pyramidal horn antenna array used for millimeter wave imaging security check system
EP3339894A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-27 Airbus Defence and Space GmbH A multiple input multiple output, mimo, radar system
CN112789516A (en) * 2018-09-05 2021-05-11 阿尔贝机器人有限公司 Skewed MIMO antenna array for automotive imaging radar
CN112865831A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-28 苏州硕贝德创新技术研究有限公司 Millimeter wave communication AIP module
CN216214101U (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-04-05 苏州硕贝德创新技术研究有限公司 Bidirectional millimeter wave radar antenna
CN114300867A (en) * 2022-01-21 2022-04-08 中南大学 Ka frequency channel phased array antenna

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115986434A (en) * 2023-03-16 2023-04-18 安徽大学 Multiple-input multiple-output millimeter wave antenna array
CN115986434B (en) * 2023-03-16 2023-06-09 安徽大学 Multiple-input multiple-output millimeter wave antenna array

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Application publication date: 20220705