CN114707916B - Quantitative evaluation method for hydrogen leakage safety accident of hydrogenation station - Google Patents

Quantitative evaluation method for hydrogen leakage safety accident of hydrogenation station Download PDF

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CN114707916B
CN114707916B CN202210631748.6A CN202210631748A CN114707916B CN 114707916 B CN114707916 B CN 114707916B CN 202210631748 A CN202210631748 A CN 202210631748A CN 114707916 B CN114707916 B CN 114707916B
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safety accident
hydrogen
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accident
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CN114707916A (en
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方沛军
宣锋
姜方
伍远安
曹俊
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Shanghai Hyfun Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Hubei Hefeng Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0633—Workflow analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • G06F17/11—Complex mathematical operations for solving equations, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0635—Risk analysis of enterprise or organisation activities
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for hydrogen leakage safety accidents of a hydrogen station, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a hydrogen leakage safety accident source: according to the operation process flow of the hydrogenation station, monitoring the hydrogenation station in real time by using a hydrogenation station monitoring facility, and acquiring a corresponding safety accident source in time; and (3) risk assessment: according to the safety accident source, a risk evaluation model is adopted to carry out risk quantitative evaluation on the hydrogen leakage safety accident of the hydrogen station; according to the evaluation result, different security coping strategies are adopted; the invention has the beneficial effects that: the quantitative evaluation method can provide important reference basis for safe operation of the hydrogen filling station, and makes up the vacancy of safety accident evaluation of the existing hydrogen filling station.

Description

Quantitative evaluation method for hydrogen leakage safety accident of hydrogenation station
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safety assessment of a hydrogen station, in particular to a quantitative assessment method for hydrogen leakage safety accidents of the hydrogen station.
Background
At present, new energy technology is in the field of rapid development. The new energy comprises wind energy, hydrogen energy and other harmless energy. The hydrogen energy industry is currently incorporated into the national energy strategy. The hydrogen energy is used as a new energy source, and besides the renewable characteristics of clean combustion products, no pollution and the like, the hydrogen energy is also the hub of storage and conversion of other clean energy sources.
The hydrogen station plays a vital role as an important guarantee for hydrogen energy supply and whether the construction is safe or not. Because the hydrogen of the hydrogenation station has the characteristics of flammability, explosiveness and the like, once the hydrogen leakage accident happens to the hydrogenation station, huge economic loss can be brought, the normal production order is influenced, and even casualties are caused seriously. However, most of the researches are in the aspect of safety supervision, that is, how to prevent or monitor the occurrence of the safety accident, and there is no quantitative deep research on the consequences generated after the occurrence of the safety accident of the hydrogen refueling station.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the vacancy of the prior art and carry out accident consequence simulation and risk analysis for a hydrogen station, the invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for hydrogen leakage safety accidents of the hydrogen station, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a hydrogen leakage safety accident source: according to the operation process flow of the hydrogenation station, monitoring the hydrogenation station in real time by using a hydrogenation station monitoring facility, and acquiring a corresponding safety accident source in time;
s2, risk assessment: according to the safety accident source, a risk evaluation model is adopted to carry out risk quantitative evaluation on the hydrogen leakage safety accident of the hydrogen station, and an evaluation result is obtained;
and S3, adopting different security coping strategies according to the evaluation result.
Further, the security incident source includes: hydrogen storage facility reasons and environmental reasons.
Further, the risk assessment model is specifically as follows:
Figure 43943DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein the content of the first and second substances,riskrepresents a risk index;a i representing the corresponding coefficient of the safety accident source;x i representing accident numerical values corresponding to safety accident sources;b i representing the offset corresponding to the safety accident source; whereini=2 represents that the source of the safety accident is the reason for the hydrogen storage device,iand =3 indicates that the source of the security incident is an environmental cause.
Further, the corresponding coefficient of the safety accident sourcea i The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure 333498DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein the content of the first and second substances,a，bis a preset value;x m 、x n the maximum value and the minimum value are respectively allowed by the accident value corresponding to the safety accident source.
Further, wheniWhen the number is 3, the accident value corresponding to the safety accident source is a preset value; and when i =2, the safety accident source is the reason of the hydrogen storage equipment, the equipment leakage accident is the equipment leakage accident, and the leakage rate is taken as the accident value corresponding to the safety accident source.
Further, the leak rate is as follows:
Figure 457312DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
wherein the content of the first and second substances,rwhich represents the index of thermal insulation,P 0 which is indicative of the pressure outside the hydrogen storage device,Mrepresents the relative molecular mass of hydrogen;A 0 indicating the area of the leakage;C d represents a leakage coefficient;Qindicating the leak rate.
In step S2, the evaluation result is based on the risk indexriskThe threshold range decision includes: mild, moderate and high.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the quantitative evaluation method is provided, an important reference basis can be provided for the safe operation of the hydrogen station, and the vacancy of the safety accident evaluation of the existing hydrogen station is made up.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
The invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for hydrogen leakage safety accidents of a hydrogen refueling station, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a hydrogen leakage safety accident source: according to the operation process flow of the hydrogenation station, monitoring the hydrogenation station in real time by using a hydrogenation station monitoring facility, and acquiring a corresponding safety accident source in time;
the security incident source includes: hydrogen storage facility reasons and environmental reasons.
In addition, it should be noted that the source of the security incident may also include subjective causes; the subjective reason refers to the reason caused by improper operation or errors of each operation link of the artificial hydrogenation station in the safety accident forming process. For example, hydrogen embrittlement benefit or fatigue failure is not considered in the design stage of the hydrogenation station, or equipment selection is wrong, so that the hydrogenation station cannot safely and stably operate, and the like;
subjective causes are diverse and include: human misoperation, smoking, fire violation, no static electricity removal measure, etc., which are only used for basic illustration and are not limited.
The reason for the hydrogen storage equipment is that safety accidents are caused by leakage of the hydrogen storage equipment in the safety accident forming process; of course, the leakage of the hydrogen storage equipment may also be caused by human beings, but the leakage of the hydrogen storage equipment is only a direct factor of safety accident without discussion or explanation.
The environmental cause means a cause of a safety accident caused by environment, weather, and the like in a safety accident forming process. Such as: the hydrogen station is struck by lightning, and sparks, other strong natural disasters and the like are caused by automobile collision events near the hydrogen station;
it should be noted that, regarding the monitoring of the safety accident source, such as subjective reasons, the corresponding monitoring is performed by means of corresponding monitoring video, operation standard record and the like; for example, the reasons of hydrogen storage equipment, corresponding automatic monitoring and alarming are carried out through a corresponding hydrogen monitoring sensor, a pressure monitoring device, a heat monitoring system and the like; for example, environmental reasons, are monitored correspondingly through corresponding prior information collecting devices, such as a weather early warning system, an accident reporting system and the like. Correspondingly, the monitoring means is not the core content to be protected by the present application, and only corresponding exemplary descriptions are given here, and how to perform the monitoring of the accident cause specifically, a person skilled in the art may select different means to perform the corresponding monitoring according to the actual requirements, and the present application is not limited.
S2, risk assessment: according to the safety accident source, a risk evaluation model is adopted to carry out risk quantitative evaluation on the hydrogen leakage safety accident of the hydrogen station, and an evaluation result is obtained;
the risk assessment model is specifically as follows:
Figure 538400DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein the content of the first and second substances,riskrepresents a risk index;a i representing the corresponding coefficient of the safety accident source;x i representing accident numerical values corresponding to safety accident sources;b i representing the offset corresponding to the safety accident source;
as an extension, on the basis of subjective reasons needing to be considered, whereini=1 indicates that the source of the security incident is a subjective cause,i=2 represents that the source of the safety accident is the reason for the hydrogen storage device,iand =3 indicates that the source of the security incident is an environmental cause.
Factor corresponding to safety accident sourcea i The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure 13244DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein the content of the first and second substances,a，bis a preset value;x m 、x n the maximum value and the minimum value are respectively allowed by the accident value corresponding to the safety accident source.
Based on the need of considering subjective reasonsWhen is coming into contact withiWhen the number is 1 or 3, the accident value corresponding to the safety accident source is a preset value; and when i =2, the safety accident source is the reason of the hydrogen storage equipment, the equipment leakage accident is the equipment leakage accident, and the leakage rate is taken as the accident value corresponding to the safety accident source.
It should be noted that wheniIf =1, the source of the security incident is a subjective cause, and the corresponding parameters are described below.
As mentioned previously, subjective causes include: human misoperation, smoking, fire violation, no static electricity removal measure, etc., in the embodiment of the application, the human cause coefficienta 1 In the calculation, constantsa、bThe setting of (2) is also different according to the specific types of subjective reasons; such as constants when subjective causes are mishandled by humansaSet to 1.5, constantbSet to 3, accident numberx 1 Is set to 3.61, and correspondinglyx m Andx n set to 10 and 1, respectively; e.g. constants when the subjective cause is smokingaSet to 1.65, constantbSet to 3.5, accident numberx 1 Is set to 4.2, and correspondinglyx m Andx n set to 10 and 1, respectively;
in addition, constants area，bThe numerical value of the cigarette is increased according to the subjective degree of a specific subjective reason, such as human misoperation and smoking, obviously, smoking is more serious on subjective factors, so that the constant of the cigarette is constanta，bThe setting of (2) is higher than that of manual operation; in the case where the source of the security accident is an artificial cause, the constant is setaIs set within a range of [1.5-3 ]](ii) a Constant numberbIs set within a range of [3.5-5 ]](ii) a The maximum and minimum allowable accident values are 10 and 1 respectively.
Of course, in some other embodiments, other values may be set, which are only schematically illustrated and not limited accordingly.
It should be noted that wheniIf =2, the source of the safety accident is the reason of the hydrogen storage equipment, specifically, the leakage of the hydrogen storage equipment, and the corresponding parameters are described below.
Hydrogen storage equipment cause coefficienta 2 In the calculation, constantsa、bThe setting of (2) is as follows:
constant numberaIs set within the range of [0.91-0.97 ]]Set mainly according to the hydrogen emission coefficient, of course, here with respect to the constantaThe setting of (2) can also be set according to other factors, such as the corresponding setting according to the hydrogen leakage rate, and is not limited herein;
constant numberbIs set in the range of [0.94-0.98 ]]Set mainly according to the compensation coefficient of the hydrogen leakage monitoring device, of course, here with respect to the constantbThe setting of (a) may be set according to other factors, such as a compensation coefficient of a fire water supply device of a hydrogen station, and is not limited herein.
Numerical value of safety accidentx 2 At the rate of hydrogen leakageQInstead, the hydrogen leak rate is calculated as follows:
Figure 103560DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
wherein the content of the first and second substances,rwhich represents the index of thermal insulation,P 0 which is indicative of the pressure outside the hydrogen storage device,Mrepresents the relative molecular mass of hydrogen;A 0 indicating the leak area;C d represents a leakage coefficient;Qindicating the leak rate.
The maximum value and the minimum value of the safety accident numerical value are 340kg/s and 10kg/s respectively, the maximum value is set by referring to the numerical value of the sound speed, and the minimum value is set according to the actual situation of the hydrogen station prevention and control measures, and the maximum value and the minimum value are not limited.
It should be noted that wheniIf =3, the source of the security incident is an environmental cause, and the corresponding parameters are described below.
As previously mentioned, environmental reasons include: the hydrogen station encounters lightning stroke, generates automobile collision events near the hydrogen station to cause sparks, other strong natural disasters and the like, and in the embodiment of the application, the environmental cause coefficienta 3 In the calculation, constanta、bThe setting of (2) adopts a unified standard;
constant if it is characterized as an environmental cause in a security incidentaSet in the range of [ 0-2.00%]Constant ofbSet in the range of [ 0.96-0.99%]Numerical value of the accidentx 3 Set in the range of [1.1-1.5]To correspond tox m Andx n set to 2 and 1, respectively; generally speaking, the environmental reason is a small probability event, so in the setting of the numerical value, some protection safety measures for the construction of the hydrogen refueling station are mainly referred to, for example, strict static electricity removing measures or strict hydrogen monitoring devices are arranged, when the environmental factor occurs, the secondary influence caused by the environmental factor can be effectively avoided, and the setting of the overall numerical value is lower.
And S3, adopting different security coping strategies according to the evaluation result.
The evaluation result is based on the risk indexriskThe threshold range decision includes: mild, moderate, and high.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, subjective reasons are considered, and when the risk index isriskIs in the range of [0-33]Sometimes, it is a mild hazard; when the risk indexriskIs in the range of [33 to 69 ]]When it is a moderate hazard, when the risk index isriskIs in the range of [69 to 100]It is a high hazard. If subjective reasons are not considered, the corresponding index can be further adjusted according to actual conditions.
As a countermeasure strategy, in the present application, the strategy for mild hazard is: the personnel operation training is enhanced and the supervision of the operation process of the hydrogen filling station is standardized; the coping strategies for moderate hazards are: the periodic detection of the hydrogen storage equipment is enhanced, and more detection means can be provided, such as establishing a numerical model for the hydrogen storage equipment, and performing model training by adopting some conventional convolutional neural networks or machine learning algorithms so as to accurately obtain the leakage abnormality of the hydrogen storage equipment and perform corresponding treatment in time; the coping strategy for severe harm is as follows: the management of aspects such as strengthening heat source prevention and control, specifically, set up sprinkler system, fire control supply system, more installation static-removing device, protect the hydrogenation station cable, install squirt gun in the full distance, etc. at the hydrogenation station.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the quantitative evaluation method is provided, an important reference basis can be provided for the safe operation of the hydrogen station, and the vacancy of the safety accident evaluation of the existing hydrogen station is made up.
It should be readily understood that the above-mentioned related matters are prior art and do not represent a complete disclosure of the present application.
It should be understood that, the sequence numbers of the steps in the foregoing embodiments do not imply an execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by functions and internal logic of the process, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
The above embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A quantitative assessment method for hydrogen leakage safety accidents of a hydrogen station is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a hydrogen leakage safety accident source: according to the operation process flow of the hydrogenation station, monitoring the hydrogenation station in real time by using a hydrogenation station monitoring facility, and acquiring a corresponding safety accident source in time;
the security incident source includes: hydrogen storage equipment reasons and environmental reasons;
s2, risk assessment: according to the safety accident source, a risk evaluation model is adopted to carry out risk quantitative evaluation on the hydrogen leakage safety accident of the hydrogen station, and an evaluation result is obtained;
the risk assessment model is specifically as follows:
Figure 443997DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein the content of the first and second substances,riskrepresents a risk index;a i representing the corresponding coefficient of the safety accident source;x i indicating correspondence of source of security incidentAn accident value;b i representing the offset corresponding to the safety accident source; whereini=2 represents that the source of the safety accident is the reason for the hydrogen storage device,i=3 indicates that the source of the security incident is an environmental cause;
factor corresponding to safety accident sourcea i The expression of (a) is as follows:
Figure 188835DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein the content of the first and second substances,a，bis a preset value;x m 、x n the maximum value and the minimum value which are respectively allowed by accident numerical values corresponding to the safety accident sources;
s3, adopting different security coping strategies according to the evaluation result;
when in useiWhen the number is 3, the accident value corresponding to the safety accident source is a preset value; when i =2, the safety accident source is the reason of the hydrogen storage equipment, the equipment leakage accident is the current reason, and the leakage rate is used as the accident value corresponding to the safety accident source;
the leak rate is as follows:
Figure 968572DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
wherein the content of the first and second substances,rwhich represents the index of thermal insulation,P 0 which is indicative of the pressure outside the hydrogen storage device,Mrepresents the relative molecular mass of hydrogen;A 0 indicating the leak area;C d represents a leakage coefficient;Qindicating a leak rate;
in step S2, the evaluation result is based on the risk indexriskThe threshold range decision includes: mild, moderate, and high.
CN202210631748.6A 2022-06-07 2022-06-07 Quantitative evaluation method for hydrogen leakage safety accident of hydrogenation station Active CN114707916B (en)

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WO2014004772A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-03 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Processes and systems for predicting corrosion
US9076106B2 (en) * 2012-11-30 2015-07-07 General Electric Company Systems and methods for management of risk in industrial plants
JP7171093B2 (en) * 2018-10-18 2022-11-15 アルクリーズ フルーイド コントロール アンド サービシズ Gas filling and recovery equipment
CN112989717B (en) * 2021-02-05 2024-03-22 西安交通大学 Fire accident heat radiation assessment method and system for hydrogen station
CN112966378B (en) * 2021-03-04 2023-12-29 浙大城市学院 Hydrogen leakage prediction method and system based on safety evaluation model

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