CN114707298A - Method for calculating vibration contribution of surface of transformer oil tank - Google Patents
Method for calculating vibration contribution of surface of transformer oil tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN114707298A CN114707298A CN202210187495.8A CN202210187495A CN114707298A CN 114707298 A CN114707298 A CN 114707298A CN 202210187495 A CN202210187495 A CN 202210187495A CN 114707298 A CN114707298 A CN 114707298A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating the vibration contribution amount of the surface of a transformer oil tank, which relates to the technical field of electrical equipment fault diagnosis and is characterized in that the vibration transmission characteristic of a transformer is analyzed; establishing a vibration transfer characteristic model according to the result of analyzing the vibration transfer characteristic; and testing the transmission characteristic model, and calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank. Conventional methods study neglected that oil tanks in air and oil have different modal characteristics. The more reasonable method is to analyze the vibration transmission path to obtain the contribution of the vibration to the vibration of the oil tank in the transmission paths of the transformer oil, the solid and the like, and further comprehensively understand the transmission mechanism of the internal vibration. Therefore, the method for calculating the vibration contribution amount of the surface of the transformer oil tank solves the problem that the traditional method ignores different modal characteristics of oil tanks in air and oil from the research of internal vibration characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment fault diagnosis, and particularly relates to a method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of a transformer oil tank.
Background
The transformer vibration mainly comes from the vibration of a winding, an iron core and a cooling system, and the transformer vibration has a very strong coupling effect, so that great difficulty is brought to the analysis of many problems of the transformer.
The vibration of the winding and the iron core is transmitted to the oil tank through the transformer oil and the fastening piece, the transmission rule of the vibration in the solid meets the basic equation of the solid mechanics, and the transmission in the oil can be described by an inviscid acoustic equation. And M.jin researches the frequency response characteristic of the top vibration transmitted to the surface of the oil tank under the oil-free and oil-filled conditions by using an impact hammer and an electric excitation method. The oil-filled oil tank is characterized in that under an oil-free state, vibration has obvious energy loss in the transmission process from inside to outside, and under an oil-filled state, coupling between liquid and solid enhances the low-frequency vibration transmission, so that the vibration energy can be transmitted to all positions in the oil tank, and the vibration transmission effect is enhanced. The theoretical basis of the above explanation is that the transformer oil has a relatively large acoustic impedance, and the sound pressure generated in the oil by the same vibration amplitude is much greater than that in the air, so that the transformer oil can enhance the transmission capability of the vibration from inside to outside to a certain extent. However, the above studies neglect that the tanks in air and oil have different modal characteristics, and therefore, a method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer tank is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of a transformer oil tank, thereby overcoming the defect that the traditional method ignores different modal characteristics of the oil tank in air and oil.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for calculating a vibration contribution amount of a transformer tank surface, comprising:
analyzing the vibration transmission characteristics of the transformer;
establishing a vibration transfer characteristic model according to the result of analyzing the vibration transfer characteristic;
and testing the transfer characteristic model and calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank.
Preferably, analyzing the vibration transmission characteristics of the transformer specifically includes:
the internal vibration of the transformer is transmitted to the oil tank through transformer oil and a fastener, and the generation and transmission of the internal vibration and the response of the oil tank are analyzed;
the excitation of the internal vibrations, the internal structure and the tank are discretized into K, N and M cells, respectively, according to the definition of the frequency response function and the transfer path analysis, which are represented as a linear combination superimposed by the transfer function and the response.
Preferably, establishing a vibration transfer characteristic model according to the result of analyzing the vibration transfer characteristic specifically includes:
setting the vibration transfer characteristic to be linear, and calculating the response of the winding and the iron core under the excitation of a single-point force hammer;
calculating an expression of the vibration of the oil tank according to the response;
and obtaining the vibration of any point on the surface of the oil tank under single-point excitation according to the expression of the response and the oil tank vibration, wherein the vibration of any point on the surface of the oil tank under single-point excitation is shown to be from the linear superposition of N internal vibration sources through two transmission paths.
Preferably, the respective amplitude and phase values can be derived from the frequency response functions of the two transfer paths.
Preferably, the transmission characteristic model is tested, and the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank is calculated by adopting transmission path analysis and working path analysis on the loads applied to different transmission paths and the induced response.
Preferably, the transmission characteristic model is tested, and the transmission path analysis and the working path analysis are adopted to calculate the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank to the loads applied to different transmission paths and the induced responses, and specifically includes:
identifying the load of an excitation point of the transfer characteristic model;
obtaining a frequency response curve between the excitation point and the measurement point;
and identifying final contribution values of different transmission paths according to the data of the frequency response curve.
Preferably, the contribution value is a contribution ratio which is a ratio of the amplitude of vibration of the tank caused by the solid transfer and the transformer oil.
Preferably, the vibration source of the surface of the transformer oil tank is judged according to the contribution value.
Preferably, when said contribution measured at the sloshing point on the tank of the transformer is greater than 100%, the vibration of the sloshing point on the tank of the transformer comes mainly from the solid transmission path; on the contrary, it is indicated that the sloshing point on the oil tank of the transformer is mainly affected by the vibration transmitted through the transformer oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for calculating the vibration contribution amount of the surface of the transformer oil tank provided by the invention analyzes the vibration transmission characteristic of the transformer; establishing a vibration transfer characteristic model according to the result of analyzing the vibration transfer characteristic; and testing the transfer characteristic model, and calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank. Conventional methods study neglected that oil tanks in air and oil have different modal characteristics. The enhanced tank vibration may result from changes in the modal characteristics of the tank itself, not from the enhanced vibration transfer of transformer oil. The more reasonable method is to analyze the vibration transmission path to obtain the contribution of vibration to the vibration of the oil tank in the transmission paths of transformer oil, solid and the like, so as to comprehensively understand the transmission mechanism of internal vibration. Therefore, the method for calculating the vibration contribution amount of the surface of the transformer oil tank solves the problem that the traditional method ignores different modal characteristics of oil tanks in air and oil from the research of internal vibration characteristics.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of a transformer tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is the internal vibration generation and transmission process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is the excitation, internal vibration and tank vibration of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a vector combination form of the tank surface vibration of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer tank provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing the vibration transmission characteristics of the transformer;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s11, transmitting the internal vibration of the transformer to the oil tank through the transformer oil and the fasteners, and analyzing the generation and transmission of the internal vibration and the response of the oil tank, wherein the generation and transmission of the internal vibration is a response problem of a multi-stage series filter system, and the internal vibration depends on the applied excitation and the modal characteristics of the internal structure, as shown in figure 2; the radiation sound pressure generated by the internal vibration is related to the surface area of a vibration source, the vibration amplitude, the frequency, the acoustic impedance of oil and the like; the vibration response caused by the solid path is influenced by the modal characteristics of the oil tank; the radiation sound pressure, the vibration transmitted by the solid and the Lorentz force generated by the vortex in the oil tank act on the oil tank together, and finally the oil tank vibrates; neglecting the viscosity of oil, the radiation sound pressure in the oil tank can be described by adopting a Helmholtz equation without viscous acoustics, and the vibration response of the solid meets the Hooke elastic theorem and a motion equation.
S12, discretizing the excitation, the internal structure and the tank of the internal vibration into K, N and M cells, respectively, according to the definition of the frequency response function and the transfer path analysis, and representing the excitation, the internal structure and the tank as a linear combination superimposed by the transfer function and the response, as shown in fig. 3.
S2, establishing a vibration transfer characteristic model according to the result of analyzing the vibration transfer characteristic; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, setting the vibration transfer characteristic to be linear, calculating the response of the winding and the core under the single-point force hammer excitation, and the response expression of the winding and the core under the single-point force hammer excitation is:
A＝[aw1 aw2 … awn]＝Fw×[Hw1 Hw2 … Hwn] (1)
in the formula (1), A is an internal vibration acceleration matrix, awiAcceleration of vibration at a certain point inside, FwLoad applied for the hammer HwiIs the frequency response function between the excitation point and a point on the structure;
s22, calculating an expression of the vibration of the oil tank according to the response:
in the formula (2), H is a transfer function matrix, and the transfer function HijCan be expressed as the transfer function H of transformer oilFijAnd solid transfer function HSijLinear superposition of (a):
Hij＝HFij+HSij； (3)
s23, obtaining the vibration of any point of the surface of the oil tank under single-point excitation according to the expression of the response and the vibration of the oil tank, namely obtaining the vibration of any point of the surface of the oil tank under single-point excitation according to the expressions (1) to (3):
the above formula shows that the vibration of any point on the oil tank comes from the linear superposition of N internal vibration sources through two transmission paths.
Equation (4) can be further simplified as:
aTi＝(HS+HF)×HW×FW (5)
in the formula (5), HS×HWAs a function of the frequency response of the solid-state transfer path, HF×HWFor the frequency response function of the transformer oil transfer path, the general form of the frequency response function H (ω) is:
in the formula (6), A (omega) is the amplitude frequency of the frequency response function, psi (omega) psi is the phase frequency of the frequency response function, P (omega) is the real part of the frequency response function, Q (omega) is the imaginary part of the frequency response function, and
therefore, the amplitude and phase values can be obtained according to the two transfer path frequency response functions.
And S3, testing the transfer characteristic model, and calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank.
Specifically, the transmission characteristic model is tested, and the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank is calculated by adopting transmission path analysis and working path analysis on the loads applied to different transmission paths and the induced responses, and the method comprises the following steps of:
s31, identifying the load of the excitation point of the transfer characteristic model;
s32, obtaining a frequency response curve between the excitation point and the measurement point;
and S33, identifying final contribution values of different transmission paths according to the data of the frequency response curve, wherein the contribution values are contribution proportions, and the contribution proportions are the ratio of the vibration amplitude of the oil tank caused by solid transmission and transformer oil.
S4, judging the vibration source of the surface of the transformer oil tank according to the contribution value, wherein when the contribution value measured by the sloshing point on the transformer oil tank is greater than 100%, the vibration of the sloshing point on the transformer oil tank mainly comes from a solid transmission path; on the contrary, it is indicated that the sloshing point on the oil tank of the transformer is mainly affected by the vibration transmitted through the transformer oil.
Assuming that the inner structural feet have the same vibration acceleration amplitude and phase, the tank vibration can be expressed in a vector combination as shown in fig. 4. And if the acceleration on the pad is taken as the reference acceleration, the acceleration transferred by the solid is the product of the frequency response function and the vibration acceleration of the pad, and the phase is the same as the phase of the frequency response function. Neglecting the influence of iron core and winding on the oil tank mode, the vibration transmitted by the transformer oil is the oil tank vibration when the internal structure is not in solid contact with the oil tank.
The embodiment of the method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank of the invention is explained in detail so that the person skilled in the art can understand the invention more:
the surface of the transformer is provided with 3 measuring points, namely F92, F72 and F42, the contribution of the transformer oil and solid paths to the surface of the oil tank is obtained by calculation from the figure 4, and meanwhile, the calculation is carried out, and the result is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 contribution of oil transfer and solid transfer paths to tank vibration
The error in table 1 is an error between the calculated tank vibration acceleration and the experimentally obtained tank vibration acceleration. The calculation results show that the errors of the frequency components of the other measuring points are less than 30% except for the 100Hz and 500Hz components of the No. 92 measuring point on the front surface of the oil tank, the 200Hz component of the No. 72 measuring point on the front surface of the oil tank and the 300Hz component of the No. 42 measuring point, and the vector combination form provided by the graph 3 can better reflect the contributions of different transmission paths to the vibration of the oil tank.
The contribution ratio in table 1 is the ratio of the tank vibration amplitude caused by the solid transfer and the transformer oil. The ratio is more than 100%, which indicates that the vibration at the point on the oil tank mainly comes from a solid transmission path; otherwise, it indicates that the measuring point is mainly affected by the vibration transmitted by the transformer oil. From the results of the contribution ratios, the contribution ratios of the two routes to the 300Hz and 500Hz components at point 92 and the 400Hz component at point 72 are the same. The 100Hz component at points 92 and 42 is primarily affected by the vibration transmitted by the oil, and the 200Hz component at point 72 is primarily dependent on the vibration transmitted through the solid path. The above results show that the two transmission paths have different degrees of contribution to different frequency components at different locations of the tank.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or modifications within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of a transformer oil tank is characterized by comprising the following steps:
analyzing the vibration transmission characteristics of the transformer;
establishing a vibration transfer characteristic model according to the result of analyzing the vibration transfer characteristic;
and testing the transfer characteristic model, and calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer oil tank.
2. The method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the oil tank of the transformer according to claim 1, wherein analyzing the vibration transmission characteristics of the transformer specifically comprises:
the internal vibration of the transformer is transmitted to the oil tank through transformer oil and a fastener, and the generation and transmission of the internal vibration and the response of the oil tank are analyzed;
the excitation of the internal vibrations, the internal structure and the tank are discretized into K, N and M cells, respectively, according to the definition of the frequency response function and the transfer path analysis, which are represented as a linear combination superimposed by the transfer function and the response.
3. The method for calculating the vibration contribution amount of the surface of the oil tank of the transformer according to claim 1, wherein the step of establishing a vibration transfer characteristic model according to the result of analyzing the vibration transfer characteristic specifically comprises the following steps:
setting the vibration transfer characteristic to be linear, and calculating the response of the winding and the iron core under the excitation of a single-point force hammer;
calculating an expression of the vibration of the oil tank according to the response;
and obtaining the vibration of any point on the surface of the oil tank under single-point excitation according to the expression of the response and the oil tank vibration, wherein the vibration of any point on the surface of the oil tank under single-point excitation is shown to be from the linear superposition of N internal vibration sources through two transmission paths.
4. The method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the oil tank of the transformer according to claim 3, wherein the corresponding amplitude and phase values can be obtained according to the frequency response functions of the two transmission paths.
5. The method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer tank according to claim 1, wherein the transmission characteristic model is tested, and the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer tank is calculated by adopting transmission path analysis and working path analysis on the loads applied to different transmission paths and the induced responses.
6. The method for calculating the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer tank according to claim 5, wherein the transmission characteristic model is tested, and the vibration contribution of the surface of the transformer tank is calculated by adopting transmission path analysis and working path analysis on loads applied to different transmission paths and induced responses, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
identifying the load of an excitation point of the transfer characteristic model;
obtaining a frequency response curve between the excitation point and the measurement point;
and identifying final contribution values of different transmission paths according to the data of the frequency response curve.
7. The method for calculating the contribution of vibration of the surface of the transformer tank according to claim 6, wherein the contribution value is a contribution ratio which is a ratio of an amplitude of vibration of the tank caused by the solid transfer and the transformer oil.
8. The method for calculating the contribution of vibration of the surface of the transformer tank according to claim 1, wherein the source of vibration of the surface of the transformer tank is determined according to the contribution.
9. The method for calculating the contribution of vibration of the tank surface of the transformer as recited in claim 8, wherein when the contribution value measured at the sloshing point on the tank of the transformer is greater than 100%, the vibration of the sloshing point on the tank of the transformer is mainly from a solid transfer path; on the contrary, it is indicated that the sloshing point on the oil tank of the transformer is mainly affected by the vibration transmitted through the transformer oil.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110132401A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-16 | 国家电网有限公司 | A kind of processing method of power transformer tank surface vibration signal |
| CN112033626A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method, device, equipment and medium for detecting vibration transfer characteristics of transformer body |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110132401A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-16 | 国家电网有限公司 | A kind of processing method of power transformer tank surface vibration signal |
| CN112033626A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-12-04 | 西安交通大学 | Method, device, equipment and medium for detecting vibration transfer characteristics of transformer body |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| FAN ZHANG等: "Investigation on vibration source and transmission characteristics in power transformers", APPLIED ACOUSTICS, vol. 151, 9 March 2019 (2019-03-09), pages 99 - 112, XP085651634, DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2019.03.011 * |
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