CN114706907A - Tracing method for pollutants in drainage pipe network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tracing method for pollutants in a drainage pipe network, which comprises the following steps: 1) arranging a water quality monitoring device at key sites of a drainage pipe network to acquire water quality time sequence data of each site; 2) constructing a drainage pipe network tree-shaped topological relation structure chart by using basic data of a drainage pipe network; 3) constructing a pollutant tracing method according to the tree network topological relation structure diagram, performing water flow path analysis and water quality time sequence data gradient analysis, and judging the pollutant discharge position range; 4) and checking and visually displaying the tracing result of the pollutants. By the method, abnormal pollutant discharge in a drainage pipe network can be rapidly identified, suspected pollutant discharge positions can be located, and an effective tool is provided for drainage pipe network management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drainage pipe network management and water environment monitoring and early warning. In particular to a tracing method for pollutants in a drainage pipe network.
Background
The drainage pipe network is a 'vein' operated in cities and is responsible for storing rainwater and sewage and carrying out operation, storage and treatment on the rainwater and the sewage. The drainage pipe network is responsible for transporting sewage generated by residents and factories to a sewage treatment plant, the sewage treatment plant treats the sewage, and the sewage reaching the treatment standard is transferred to a reclaimed water system or a canal. However, the collected sewage is seriously out of standard due to pollutant accidents or pollutant stealing and discharging phenomena, so that the sewage treatment system can not bear load, equipment is damaged or sewage treatment flora dies, and serious loss is brought to the sewage treatment system.
However, the drainage pipe network is located underground, the structure of the drainage pipe network is complicated, abnormal drainage events are difficult to find in time and difficult to locate, and therefore abnormal pollutant discharge is difficult to find and treat by workers in time. The manual method for checking the abnormal emission of the pollutants needs to sample the monitoring point positions one by one and carry out chemical examination to trace the sources of the pollutants, so that the workload is large, and the working efficiency is low.
In order to find the phenomenon that the pollutant discharge exceeds the standard in time, corresponding scheduling treatment (for example, temporarily guiding sewage into a sewage accident pool) is made in advance, and a water quality monitoring station is added into a pipe network system and used for finding the phenomenon that the water quality exceeds the standard in time. However, in practice, it is found that there are time intervals between measurements of the water quality monitoring device, and the polluted water flows in the drainage pipe network, which may result in that the pollutant discharge position cannot be found in time, so that the evidence can be processed or fixed in time (for example, for punishing the steal plant). Therefore, the alarm reminding is carried out only through the monitoring facilities, and the pollutant discharge position cannot be found accurately and timely due to the migration and diffusion of pollutants in the water body, so that the difficulty is brought to the actual taking of measures.
In summary, the traditional manual method for sampling water in a pipe network to trace the source of the pipe network has large workload, can not find out that pollutants exceed standards in time, and is not easy to position the pollutant discharge position in time; the intelligent well lid based on the drainage pipe network is used for water quality monitoring and early warning, and due to the monitoring frequency of the monitoring device and the migration of water, the pollutant discharge position can not be accurately positioned, and the purpose of tracing the source of pollutants is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides the tracing method for the pollutants in the drainage pipe network, and the tracing method can realize efficient and accurate tracing of the pollutants in the drainage pipe network. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a tracing method for pollutants in a drainage pipe network comprises the following steps:
1) arranging a water quality monitoring device at key sites of a drainage pipe network to acquire water quality time sequence data of each site: the key sites include: the intersection of the water outlet, the inspection well and the drainage pipe network; this step provides the data basis for drainage pipe network pollutant traceablility.
2) Constructing a drainage pipe network tree topology relation structure diagram by using basic data of a drainage pipe network: the basic data comprises positions, connection relations and water flow directions of a sewage treatment plant, a water outlet, an inspection well and a pipeline; in the tree network topological relation structure chart, a sewage treatment plant or a certain water outlet is taken as a root node, the intersections of other water outlets, each inspection well and a water drainage pipe network are taken as non-root nodes, the root node has no father node, and the non-root nodes have and only have one father node; providing an analysis basis for the analysis of the path of the pollutant flow;
3) constructing a pollutant tracing method according to the tree network topological relation structure chart, performing water flow path analysis and water quality time sequence data gradient analysis, and judging the pollutant discharge position range; the drainage pipe network management department can arrange the staff in time to dispose;
4) and checking and visually displaying the tracing result of the pollutants.
Further, the index of the water quality time sequence data in the step 1) comprises any one or more of pH, COD and BOD.
Further, in the step 1), the water quality monitoring device is an intelligent well lid device for water quality monitoring.
Further, the step of constructing the topological relation structure diagram in the step 2) is as follows: 2-1, selecting a root node as a starting point for establishing a topological relation; 2-2, taking the root node as a flow-in point, finding out all nodes flowing to the root node according to the water flow direction information, judging whether the nodes flowing to the root node are in the tree-shaped topological relation or not, and adding a new flow-in queue if the nodes do not exist; 2-3, taking the new node in the inflow queue as an inflow point, and repeating the step 2-2 until no new node exists; and 2-4, storing the topological relation data into a database or a file for later use.
Further, the specific steps of step 3) are as follows: 3-1, acquiring water quality monitoring devices of all water quality super-alarms; 3-2, selecting the water quality monitoring devices of the super alarms one by one, and acquiring each path which is possibly flowed by the point position of the monitoring device as a suspected pollution path; 3-3, traversing all the water quality monitoring devices of each suspected pollution path, extracting monitoring data of each monitoring point, extracting the water quality data of each monitoring point in a certain time period, wherein the gradient change of the data exceeds a set threshold value, and the path with the farthest path is judged as a sewage discharge path; 3-4, studying and judging the time position with the maximum change gradient of each time sequence, and judging the upstream range of the pollutant discharge position at the monitoring point position where data mutation occurs firstly; 3-5, repeating the steps 3-2-3-4 until all the monitoring devices of the water quality over-alarm complete the treatment.
Further, step 4) visually displaying the pollutant emission position on a map, or displaying the related data in a chart form, and further performing manual judgment to determine the pollutant emission position. And further analyzing the pollutant emission event by support staff.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tracing method for the pollutants in the drainage pipe network can quickly identify the abnormal discharge of the pollutants in the drainage pipe network and position the suspected discharge position of the pollutants, and provides an effective tool for the management of the drainage pipe network. Compared with a manual method, the method is more efficient and accurate, and by the method, workers do not need to sample and check point by point on site; compared with the monitoring and alarming of a pure water quality monitoring device, the method takes the migration and diffusion effects of the pollutants in the water body into consideration, can more accurately position the pollutant discharge position, and is convenient for targeted timely treatment.
The method has good applicability for tracing the pollutant of the drainage pipe network, is suitable for most drainage pipe network systems, and is particularly valuable for tracing the pollutant of the drainage pipe network of an industrial park and a city and countryside junction. Provides a new method for efficiently and accurately removing the pollutants in the drainage pipe network. The method needs to combine the monitoring device and the pollutant tracing model to play a role simultaneously, and the pollutant tracing model part can be realized through a computer program and integrated into a corresponding intelligent drainage pipe network management system without the limitation of programming language. The method can be simultaneously suitable for a rainwater pipe network and a sewage pipe network, and a pollutant tracing mechanism of the whole urban pipe network or part of DMA can be constructed according to the requirement.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a device and a method for tracing the source of pollutants in a drainage pipe network according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a water quality monitoring apparatus arrangement example;
FIG. 3 is an example of a drainage network tree topology structure;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a step of generating a topological structure of a drainage pipe network;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a pollution tracing method for a drainage pipe network;
fig. 6 is a visualization display example of the pollution tracing of the drainage pipe network.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A tracing method for pollutants in a drainage pipe network comprises the following steps:
1) arranging a water quality monitoring device at key sites of a drainage pipe network to acquire water quality time sequence data of each site: the key sites include: the intersection of the water outlet, the inspection well and the drainage pipe network;
2) constructing a drainage pipe network tree topology relation structure diagram by using basic data of a drainage pipe network: the basic data comprises positions, connection relations and water flow directions of a sewage treatment plant, a water outlet, an inspection well and a pipeline; in the tree network topological relation structure chart, a sewage treatment plant or a certain water outlet is taken as a root node, the intersections of other water outlets, each inspection well and a water drainage pipe network are taken as non-root nodes, the root node has no father node, and the non-root nodes have one father node;
3) constructing a pollutant tracing method according to the tree network topological relation structure chart, performing water flow path analysis and water quality time sequence data gradient analysis, and judging the pollutant discharge position range;
4) and checking and visually displaying the tracing result of the pollutants.
In this embodiment, the indicators of the water quality time series data in step 1) include any one or more of pH, COD, and BOD, and are usually set according to specific situations. In this embodiment the water quality monitoring device is water quality monitoring intelligence well lid device. To show the embodiment more clearly, the overall schematic of the apparatus and algorithm is shown in fig. 1.
In this embodiment step 1), arrange water quality monitoring's intelligent well lid device in the key position of drainage pipe network for thereby obtain water quality data and provide pollutant traceability analysis and use. The point positions of the intelligent well lid device are arranged according to the following principles: 1-1 DMA region catchment node position generally dispose the intellectual well lid device; 1-2, deploying (even encrypting and deploying) an intelligent well lid device at a node below a position where candid photograph and super-drainage frequently occur or the probability of occurrence is high; 1-3, the intelligent well lid device is encrypted at point positions with insufficient distinction degree, such as above nodes with more confluence sources. In the example of arrangement of the water quality monitoring device shown in fig. 2, the water quality monitoring device is deployed at the downstream of the water outlet of a drainage enterprise, at the intersection of a drainage pipe network, and the like, which are key locations for tracing the source of pollutants.
Monitoring items of the intelligent well lid device are determined according to the characteristics of each application area, and are generally determined according to the pollutant emission supervision type of the area, for example, superstandards in the area with centralized aluminum industry are mainly pickling solution, and the main monitoring item is pH. The monitoring frequency of intelligence well lid device sets up to once 5 minutes, encrypts monitoring frequency when discovering that the pollutant exceeds the standard, monitors once per minute. Considering the power consumption factor of the intelligent well lid device, the monitoring frequency of the intelligent well lid device cannot be too frequent.
In the embodiment, a topological relation graph of the drainage pipe network is established in the step 2). The source tracing analysis of pollutants needs to be carried out on the basis of the topological relation of a drainage pipe network, the topological relation represents the water flow direction, and the direction from which the pollutants come can be judged through the water flow direction. The topology of the drainage network is a tree structure (as shown in fig. 3), and a tree (tree) is a data structure, the structure of the tree looks like an inverted tree, and the data structure of the tree has the following characteristics: (1) nodes without a parent node are called root nodes, such as sewage treatment plants or drainage outlets; (2) each node has zero (leaf node, i.e., source) or more child nodes; (3) each non-root node has one and only one parent node, representing that the flow direction of any water is definite). To prevent the occurrence of loops, the broken loops form a tree structure. The steps for constructing the topological relation of the drainage pipe network are shown in fig. 4: 2-1, selecting a root node (generally a drainage outlet and a sewage treatment plant) as a starting point for establishing a topological relation; 2-2, taking the root node as a flow-in point, finding out all nodes flowing to the root node according to the water flow direction information, judging whether the flow-in point is in the tree-shaped topological relation or not, and adding a new flow-in queue if the flow-in point is not in the tree-shaped topological relation; 2-3, taking the node in the new inflow queue as an inflow node, and repeating the step 2-2 until no new node exists; 2-4 store the topological relation data in a database or file for later use.
The generation process of the drainage pipe network topological relation structure diagram is a recursive search process. In the tree structure that drainage pipe network topological relation constitutes, the node can be the drain (like factory building delivery port, resident community outlet etc. for differentiate pollutant discharge unit), inspection shaft (be used for the discernment position), acquires monitoring data through setting up intelligent well lid.
In the embodiment, a pollutant tracing method is established in step 3). And a pollutant traceability model algorithm is constructed, and the pollutant discharge position can be automatically and quickly positioned according to the intelligent well lid monitoring data. The algorithm steps of the pollutant tracing method (fig. 5) are as follows: 3-1, acquiring all intelligent well covers of the water quality super-alarm; 3-2, selecting the intelligent well covers of the ultra-police one by one, and acquiring each path which the monitoring well may flow through as a suspected pollution path; 3-3, traversing all intelligent well covers of each suspected pollution path; extracting monitoring data of each monitoring point; extracting water quality data of each monitoring point in a short period of time (such as 2 hours and about 24 pieces of data), wherein the water quality data has large gradient change (the gradient change exceeds a set specific threshold, and the setting of the threshold can be determined according to local specific conditions), and the path with the farthest path (the traversal depth of the tree is the largest) is a sewage discharge path; 3-4, researching and judging the time position (such as the time point when the water quality monitoring index begins to exceed the standard) with the maximum change gradient of each time sequence, and basically judging the pollutant discharge position at the position above the monitoring point position where the data mutation occurs at first; 3-5 repeating the steps 3-2-3-4 until all the monitoring devices of the ultra-alarm are processed.
The result position analyzed by the pollutant tracing method is a range, but the method is very efficient compared with an artificial method, and is accurate compared with a method for simply monitoring the site early warning (considering the migration of pollutants in a water body). The results of the analysis and the associated data are stored and can provide visual analysis to further determine the location of pollutant emissions manually.
In this embodiment, the tracing result of the pollutants in step 4) is visually displayed. The position of pollutant emission is identified on a map through visual display, or related data is displayed in a chart form (as shown in figure 6), so that manual judgment is further carried out, the position of pollutant emission is determined, and personnel are arranged to go to the site for treatment in time. The visual analysis result can be stored as image-text data and used as the basis for later pollutant stealing and superarranging law enforcement.
The drain pipe network pollutant tracing method is tried in an intelligent drain pipe network platform developed by the unit, is used for tracing the source of the pollutants in the industrial park, mainly monitors the phenomenon of excessive emission and stealing of the pickling industry of metal product enterprises, can quickly position the enterprises of excessive emission and stealing, and performs evidence fixing, political correction and punishment. Meanwhile, the method is also applied to tracing the source of partial drainage pipe network pollutants at the urban and rural joint, mainly monitors the phenomenon of stealing and discharging, can quickly position, and arranges personnel to stop and enforce law on site. The device and the method for tracing the source of the pollutants in the drainage pipe network can find and position the phenomenon of pollution emission in time, and provide information support for sewage treatment plants to schedule sewage in time.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only part of the present invention, and do not cover the whole of the present invention, and on the basis of the above-mentioned examples and the attached drawings, those skilled in the art can obtain more embodiments without creative efforts, and therefore, the embodiments obtained without creative efforts should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the above only illustrates the technical solution of the present invention, but not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A tracing method for pollutants in a drainage pipe network is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) arranging a water quality monitoring device at key sites of a drainage pipe network to acquire water quality time sequence data of each site: the key sites include: the intersection of the water outlet, the inspection well and the drainage pipe network;
2) constructing a drainage pipe network tree topology relation structure diagram by using basic data of a drainage pipe network: the basic data comprises positions, connection relations and water flow directions of a sewage treatment plant, a water outlet, an inspection well and a pipeline; in the tree network topological relation structure chart, a sewage treatment plant or a certain water outlet is taken as a root node, the intersections of other water outlets, each inspection well and a water drainage pipe network are taken as non-root nodes, the root node has no father node, and the non-root nodes have one father node;
3) constructing a pollutant tracing method according to the tree network topological relation structure diagram, performing water flow path analysis and water quality time sequence data gradient analysis, and judging the pollutant discharge position range;
4) and checking and visually displaying the tracing result of the pollutants.
2. The method for tracing the pollutants in the drainage pipe network according to claim 1, wherein: indexes of the water quality time sequence data in the step 1) comprise any one or more of pH, COD and BOD.
3. The method for tracing the pollutants in the drainage pipe network according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the water quality monitoring device is an intelligent well lid device for water quality monitoring.
4. The method for tracing the pollutants in the drainage pipe network according to claim 1, wherein: the construction step of the topological relation structure chart in the step 2) is as follows: 2-1, selecting a root node as a starting point for establishing a topological relation; 2-2, taking the root node as a flow-in point, finding out all nodes flowing to the root node according to the water flow direction information, judging whether the nodes flowing to the root node are in the tree-shaped topological relation or not, and adding a new flow-in queue if the nodes do not exist; 2-3, taking the new node flowing into the queue as a flowing-in point, and repeating the step 2-2 until no new node exists; and 2-4, storing the topological relation data into a database or a file for standby.
5. The method for tracing the pollutants in the drainage pipe network according to claim 1, wherein: the specific steps of the step 3) are as follows: 3-1, acquiring water quality monitoring devices of all water quality super-alarms; 3-2, selecting the water quality monitoring devices of the super alarms one by one, and acquiring each path which is possibly flowed by the point position of the monitoring device as a suspected pollution path; 3-3, traversing all the water quality monitoring devices of each suspected pollution path, extracting monitoring data of each monitoring point, extracting the water quality data of each monitoring point in a certain time period, wherein the gradient change of the data exceeds a set threshold value, and the path with the farthest path is judged as a sewage discharge path; 3-4, studying and judging the time position with the maximum change gradient of each time sequence, and judging the upstream range of the pollutant discharge position at the monitoring point position where data mutation occurs firstly; 3-5, repeating the steps 3-2-3-4 until all the monitoring devices of the water quality over-alarm complete the treatment.
6. The method for tracing the pollutants in the drainage pipe network according to claim 1, wherein: and 4) visually displaying the pollutant emission position on a map, or displaying the related data in a chart form, and further performing manual judgment to determine the pollutant emission position.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116187056A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-05-30 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Digital management method and system for drainage pipe network based on tree structure algorithm |
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| CN116187056B (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2024-03-22 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所) | Digital management method and system for drainage pipe network based on tree structure algorithm |
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Application publication date: 20220705 |