CN114704845A - Dry slag discharging automatic control system and method with high-efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic control system and method for dry slag discharge with high efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate. Each guide device is respectively arranged on the top cover of the slag dry machine, and each guide device is provided with a guide device baffle plate. Divided into several groups, wherein, one group of guide devices corresponds to a set of linkage mechanism and a set of transmission devices, wherein each guide device in each group of guide devices is connected with the corresponding transmission device through the corresponding linkage mechanism; the inlet temperature sensor, The outlet temperature sensor and the transmission device are connected with the central processing unit, and the system and method can solve the problem of poor heat exchange capacity caused by a large distance between the upper part of the slag drying machine and the hot slag due to a large amount of cooling air.

Description

An automatic control system and method for dry slag discharge with high efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate

technical field

The invention relates to an automatic control system and method for dry slag discharge, in particular to an automatic control system and method for dry slag discharge with efficient heat exchange and low air leakage rate.

Background technique

The excessive air leakage rate of the slag dryer will reduce the combustion economy and stable combustion characteristics of the boiler. On the one hand, limited by the slag discharge capacity of the slag dryer and the structural characteristics of the slag dryer, the upper air circulation space of the slag dryer design is usually large. The cooling air is mostly attached to the upper part of the dry slag machine, and the distance from the hot slag discharge is relatively far, so it cannot achieve more efficient heat exchange, which leads to the large air leakage rate and poor heat exchange performance of the current dry slag machine. On the other hand, the design of the dry slag machine is designed according to the highest output of the boiler, and the minimum load and the highest load fluctuate frequently during the actual operation of the boiler, but the operation state of the dry slag machine remains basically unchanged, especially in low and medium load conditions, the dry slag machine The air leakage rate of the slag machine is larger, the proportion of cold air discharged into the boiler is higher, the distance between the large amount of cooling air in the upper part and the hot slag is further, and the heat exchange performance is worse. In order to reduce the air leakage rate of the dry slag machine, the traditional way can only be achieved by simply reducing the air leakage of the dry slag machine. This method is limited in reducing the air leakage of the dry slag discharge machine, and it does not fundamentally solve the large amount of cooling air and hot slag in the upper part of the dry slag machine. The fundamental problem of poor heat exchange capacity at long distances, under the premise that the slag dryer system has not been changed, simply reducing the air leakage of the slag dryer will reduce the cooling capacity of the slag dryer, and it cannot realize the air leakage of the slag dryer in the full load section of the boiler. Real-time adjustment of rate economy.

At present, this paper has not yet reported an automatic control system for high-efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate dry slag discharge.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, and to provide an automatic control system and method for dry slag discharge with high efficient heat exchange and low air leakage rate. The problem of poor heat transfer capacity caused by long distance.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the dry slag discharge automatic control system with high efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to the present invention includes a central processing unit, a number of guiding devices, a number of link mechanisms, a number of transmission devices, and an inlet for detecting the initial temperature of the hot slag. A temperature sensor and an outlet temperature sensor for detecting the outlet temperature of the hot slag;

Each guiding device is respectively arranged on the top cover of the slag dryer, and each guiding device is provided with a guiding device baffle plate. All guiding devices are divided into several groups, among which, a group of guiding devices corresponds to a set of linkage mechanism and a set of transmission devices , wherein each guide device in each group of guide devices is connected with the corresponding transmission device through a corresponding link mechanism;

The inlet temperature sensor, the outlet temperature sensor and the transmission device are connected with the central processing unit.

The inlet temperature sensor is located between the top cover of the dry slag machine and the upper edge of the slag conveyor at the outlet of the cold ash hopper.

The outlet temperature sensor is located between the top cover of the slag machine and the upper edge of the slag conveying belt at the outlet of the slag machine.

The central processing unit is connected with the inlet temperature sensor, the outlet temperature sensor and the transmission device through a data transmission line.

The bottom surface of the guide baffle plate is a concave rectangular structure.

The automatic control method for dry slag discharge with high efficient heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

The central processor detects the initial temperature of the hot slag through the inlet temperature sensor, detects the outlet temperature of the hot slag through the outlet temperature sensor, and obtains the boiler load information at the same time, and then evaluates the current cooling of the dry slag machine according to the initial temperature of the hot slag, the outlet temperature of the hot slag and the boiler load information. Then determine the adjustment plan of the guide baffle according to the current cooling demand of the slag dryer and the preset relationship curve of the positioning point of the guide baffle, and then adjust the guide baffle through the transmission device according to the adjustment plan of the guide baffle. Realize the positioning of the positioning points of the baffles of each guide device.

In the automatic mode, the central processing unit automatically adjusts the guide baffle through the transmission device according to the adjustment scheme of the guide baffle.

In the manual mode, the central processing unit provides the adjustment plan of the guide baffle to the operator for the operator's reference, and then adjusts the guide baffle through the transmission device according to the manual input instructions of the operator.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

During the specific operation of the dry slag discharge automatic control system and method with high efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to the present invention, several guide baffles are added to the original dry slag discharge system, so that the normal slag discharge is not affected under the premise of adding several baffles. , to guide the cold air close to the hot slag, the cooling is more efficient, and the required cooling air volume is less, which solves the problem of poor heat exchange capacity caused by the large distance between the upper part of the dry slag machine and the hot slag. It should be noted that, under the premise of not affecting the output of the original slag drying machine, the present invention can realize the automatic control and adjustment of more efficient heat exchange and lower air leakage rate of the slag drying machine, and at the same time, it can also be adjusted according to the boiler load, slag discharge amount, and slag discharge. Parameters such as inlet and outlet temperature, and real-time positioning of the baffle of the guide device. Among them, the positioning angle determines the air leakage and cooling effect of the slag dryer. The cooling effect is the worst at the horizontal position, and the air leakage rate is the highest. The performance is equivalent to the original slag dryer system. The vertical position has the best cooling effect and the lowest air leakage rate.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Among them, 1 is the cold ash hopper, 2 is the inlet temperature sensor, 3 is the central processing unit, 4 is the top cover of the slag dryer, 5 is the data transmission line, 6 is the link mechanism, 7 is the upper edge of the slag conveying belt, and 8 is the guide Device, 9 is a transmission device, 10 is an outlet temperature sensor, and 11 is a guide device baffle.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only The embodiments are part of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts disclosed in the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The accompanying drawings show a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment according to the disclosure of the present invention. The figures are not to scale, some details have been exaggerated for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and their relative sizes and positional relationships are only exemplary, and in practice, there may be deviations due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art should Regions/layers with different shapes, sizes, relative positions can be additionally designed as desired.

Referring to FIG. 1, the high-efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate dry slag automatic control system according to the present invention includes a central processing unit 3, a number of guiding devices 8, a number of link mechanisms 6, and a number of transmission devices 9, which are used to detect the initial temperature of the hot slag. The inlet temperature sensor 2 and the outlet temperature sensor 10 for detecting the outlet temperature of the hot slag;

The inlet temperature sensor 2 is located between the top cover 4 of the dry slag machine at the outlet of the cold ash hopper 1 and the upper edge 7 of the slag conveying belt, and the outlet temperature sensor 10 is located at the outlet of the dry slag machine. The top cover 4 and the slag conveying belt are on the along between 7.

Each guide device 8 is respectively arranged on the top cover 4 of the slag dryer, each guide device 8 is provided with a guide device baffle 11, and all the guide devices 8 are divided into several groups, wherein the guide devices 8 in the same group are adjacent to each other. , and a set of guide devices 8 corresponds to a set of link mechanisms 6 and a set of transmission devices 9, wherein each guide device 8 in each set of guide devices 8 is connected with the corresponding transmission device 9 through the corresponding link mechanism 6, and a set of guide devices 8 The guide device 8 and the corresponding link mechanism 6 and the transmission device 9 form an adjustment unit;

The baffle 11 of the guide device can be flexibly flipped in one direction along the slag conveying direction between the positioning point and the horizontal position. At the same time, the baffle plate 11 of the guide device cannot be flipped in the opposite direction behind the positioning point. The baffle plate 11 of the guide device is designed according to the structure of the slag dryer as The bottom edge is concave rectangular structure. The thickness and material are designed according to the internal cooling wind speed and the maximum slag volume of the boiler. The baffle plate 11 of the guide device can maintain a certain stability by its own weight, and at the same time, it can ensure that the large slag blocks can be smoothly Push open the guide baffle 11.

The inlet temperature sensor 2 , the outlet temperature sensor 10 , the guide device 8 and the transmission device 9 are all connected to the central processing unit 3 through a data transmission line 5 .

The automatic control method for dry slag discharge with high efficient heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to the present invention comprises the following steps:

The central processing unit 3 collects the boiler load and the data obtained by the inlet temperature sensor 2 and the outlet temperature sensor 10 in real time, and evaluates the current cooling demand of the slag machine based on this, and then guides the slag machine according to the current cooling demand of the slag machine and the preset adjustment units. The relationship curve of the positioning point of the device baffle 11 controls the transmission device 9 in each adjustment unit to adjust the guide device baffle 11 in each adjustment unit to realize the positioning of the positioning point of each guide device baffle 11 .

Wherein, the positioning point of the guide device baffle 11 is positioned and adjusted by the guide device 8 .

After the positioning point of the guide baffle 11 is positioned, when no slag blocks contact the guide baffle 11, the relative position of the guide baffle 11 is fixed. The baffle plate 11 of the device is flexibly turned in the direction of slag conveying under the push of the large slag block. After the large slag block passes through the baffle plate 11 of the guide device, the baffle plate 11 of the guide device is restored to the positioning point by its own weight and cooling air, so as to ensure normal slag discharge. .

In addition, it should be noted that when the present invention is working, the automatic mode or the manual mode can be selected, wherein, in the automatic mode, when the boiler load, the inlet temperature sensor 2 and the outlet temperature sensor 10 are collected in real time by the central processing unit 3 When the data does not change, the system maintains the current state. When the collected data changes, it automatically adjusts in real time according to the adjustment plan recommended by the expert system. In the automatic mode, the system also has the ability to manually intervene, and the operator can process the data according to the current central processing. According to the real-time data collected by the device 3, the ± offset setting is performed on the adjustment scheme recommended by the expert system. In the manual mode, the central processing unit 3 collects the data of the boiler load, the inlet temperature sensor 2 and the outlet temperature sensor 10 in real time, and automatically provides the adjustment plan recommended by the expert system for the operator to manually adjust the reference. The system inputs the instructions according to the operator. Make real-time adjustments.

It should be noted that the present invention can effectively reduce the air leakage rate of the dry slag machine, improve the actual heat exchange performance of the dry slag machine, and at the same time realize the real-time optimal operation of the dry slag machine within the full output range. On the premise of meeting the output requirements of the slag dryer, the heat exchange performance of the slag dryer can be effectively improved, and the amount of cold air leaking from the slag dryer into the cold ash hopper can be reduced. The system is simple and the cost of transformation is low. The transformation on the basis of the slag discharge system has no effect on the output capacity of the original dry slag machine, and the transformation cost is low, which is suitable for widespread promotion in the dry slag discharge system.

Claims (8)

1. An automatic control system for dry slag discharge with efficient heat exchange and low air leakage rate, characterized in that it comprises a central processing unit (3), some guide devices (8), some link mechanisms (6), some transmission devices (9) ), an inlet temperature sensor (2) for detecting the initial temperature of the hot slag, and an outlet temperature sensor (10) for detecting the outlet temperature of the hot slag; Each guiding device (8) is respectively arranged on the top cover (4) of the slag drying machine, each guiding device (8) is provided with a guiding device baffle plate (11), and all guiding devices (8) are divided into several groups, among which, A set of guide devices (8) corresponds to a set of link mechanisms (6) and a set of transmission devices (9), wherein each guide device (8) in each set of guide devices (8) passes through a corresponding link mechanism (6) connected with the corresponding transmission device (9); The inlet temperature sensor (2), the outlet temperature sensor (10) and the transmission device (9) are connected with the central processing unit (3). 2. The dry slag discharge automatic control system with high efficient heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to claim 1, wherein the inlet temperature sensor (2) is located at the top cover (4) of the dry slag machine at the outlet of the cold ash hopper (1). ) and the upper edge (7) of the slag conveyor. 3. The dry slag discharge automatic control system with high efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the outlet temperature sensor (10) is located on the top cover (4) of the dry slag machine at the outlet of the dry slag machine and the outlet. Between the upper edge (7) of the slag belt. 4. The dry slag discharge automatic control system with high efficient heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, the central processing unit (3) communicates with the inlet temperature sensor (2) and the outlet temperature sensor through the data transmission line (5) (10) is connected with the transmission device (9). 5 . The automatic control system for dry slag discharge with high efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom surface of the baffle plate ( 11 ) of the guide device is a concave rectangular structure. 6 . 6. An automatic control method for dry slag discharge with high-efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate, characterized in that, the automatic control system for dry slag discharge with high-efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: The central processing unit (3) detects the initial temperature of the hot slag through the inlet temperature sensor (2), detects the outlet temperature of the hot slag through the outlet temperature sensor (10), and obtains the boiler load information at the same time. The boiler load information evaluates the current cooling demand of the slag machine, and then determines the adjustment plan of the guide baffle (11) according to the current cooling demand of the slag machine and the preset relationship curve of the positioning point of the guide baffle (11). The adjustment scheme of the device baffle plate (11) adjusts the guide device baffle plate (11) through the transmission device (9), so as to realize the positioning of the positioning points of each guide device baffle plate (11). 7. The automatic control method for dry slag discharge with efficient heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the automatic mode, the central processing unit (3) passes through the adjustment scheme of the baffle plate (11) of the guide device The transmission device (9) automatically adjusts the guide device baffle (11). 8. The automatic control method for dry slag discharge with high efficiency heat exchange and low air leakage rate according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the manual mode, the central processing unit (3) supplies the adjustment scheme of the guide device baffle (11) The operator is for the operator's reference, and then adjusts the guide device baffle (11) through the transmission device (9) according to the instructions manually input by the operator.

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