CN114704815B - Steam heat storage system - Google Patents
Steam heat storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114704815B CN114704815B CN202210369674.3A CN202210369674A CN114704815B CN 114704815 B CN114704815 B CN 114704815B CN 202210369674 A CN202210369674 A CN 202210369674A CN 114704815 B CN114704815 B CN 114704815B
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
- F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a steam heat storage system, which comprises a boiler, a heat exchanger, a mixer, a molten salt energy storage component and a water pump, wherein the boiler is provided with a flue and a steam port, the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the flue and the steam port, so that flue gas and steam in the boiler respectively flow into the heat exchanger and exchange heat in the heat exchanger to raise the temperature of the flue gas, the mixer is communicated with the steam port so that steam flowing out from the boiler flows into the mixer, the mixer is communicated with the heat exchanger so that steam subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchanger flows into the mixer, and the mixer is used for mixing the steam to lower the temperature of the steam to a first preset value. The steam heat storage system has the advantages of simple structure, high energy utilization rate, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of heat storage and peak shaving of coal-fired power plants, in particular to a steam heat storage system.
Background
The coal-fired power generation unit has the advantages that the installed capacity of the coal-fired power generation unit is first in the world, the coal-fired power generation unit is gradually subjected to flexibility transformation in order to improve the capacity of a power grid for clean energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like, and the minimum output of most of the unit is reduced to 30-40% of rated load from about 50% of rated load through technical transformation and optimized operation. However, with the rapid development of clean energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like, under the background of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, the requirements of a power grid on peak regulation and frequency modulation power supply can not be met far only by the flexible transformation of a stored coal generator set, and the configuration of a coal-fired power plant for storing energy in a certain proportion becomes a main regulation means.
In the related art, the peak regulation capability is poor, and the energy storage efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present utility model has been made based on the findings and knowledge of the inventors regarding the following facts and problems:
in the related art, the main energy storage technologies include: battery energy storage, hot water energy storage, compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, molten salt energy storage and the like. At present, besides certain applications of battery energy storage and electric heating energy storage in coal-fired power plants, applications of other energy storage modes are rarely reported. Taking electric heating energy storage as an example, an electric heating heat storage system is mainly configured at present, namely, part of electric energy generated by a thermal power generating unit is stored through an electric heating heat storage medium in the electricity consumption valley period to perform building heating, and the deep peak regulation mode is low in energy conversion efficiency through the heat-electricity-heat twice energy conversion process, and meanwhile, the building heating is seasonal, so that the annual deep peak regulation cannot be realized. Therefore, from the aspect of energy conversion efficiency, the mode of steam heat storage peak shaving is from heat to heat, and the efficiency of the steam heat storage peak shaving is higher than that of an electric heating energy storage mode no matter the steam heat storage peak shaving is used for supplying heat or returning to a thermodynamic system for power generation in the later period.
In addition, in the low-load peak regulation operation process of the unit, as the load is reduced and the coal amount is reduced, the inlet smoke temperature of the denitration device is gradually reduced to below 300 ℃, the denitration catalyst is at risk of deactivation, and various technical improvement measures are required to be adopted to improve the inlet smoke temperature of the denitration device. The main technical reconstruction measures for improving the inlet flue gas temperature of the denitration device include reconstruction of an external flue gas bypass of the economizer, reconstruction of a water supply bypass of the economizer, classification reconstruction of the economizer, reconstruction of hot water recycling, reconstruction of fuel gas afterburning, and the like.
The utility model patent with application number 202111230323.6 discloses an energy storage peak regulation system suitable for heating fused salt by using reheat unit steam, which mainly adopts a mode of extracting boiler superheated steam to enter the fused salt energy storage system for heat storage, so as to reduce unit load, and simultaneously, in order to avoid overtemperature of a reheater, part of hot reheat steam with functional capacity is ejected back to cold through high pressure and then enters the reheater again after being mixed with high pressure cylinder exhaust, so that energy conversion efficiency is low.
The utility model with the patent number of CN202022039229.X discloses a power station boiler wide load denitration system, and the flue gas temperature is improved by adopting a mode of extracting inlet flue gas of a boiler superheated steam heating denitration device, so that the operation safety of a boiler low load denitration catalyst is ensured, the main steam has strong function, the energy conversion efficiency of directly extracting the flue gas for heating is low, and the risk of overtemperature of a reheater exists.
The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a steam heat storage system with high energy storage efficiency and high peak shaving conversion rate.
The steam heat storage system of the embodiment of the utility model comprises: a boiler having a flue and a steam port; the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the flue and the steam port, so that flue gas and steam in the boiler respectively flow into the heat exchanger and exchange heat in the heat exchanger to raise the temperature of the flue gas; a mixer communicating with the steam port so that the steam flowing out through the boiler flows into the mixer, the mixer communicating with the heat exchanger so that the steam heat-exchanged through the heat exchanger flows into the mixer, the mixer being for mixing the steam to reduce the temperature of the steam to a first preset value; the steam heat storage system is provided with a first state and a second state, the first state is that the molten salt energy storage assembly is communicated with the mixer, so that steam mixed by the mixer flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly to enable the molten salt energy storage assembly to store energy, and the second state is that the water pump is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly, so that condensate water flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly through the water pump and exchanges heat with molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly to enable the molten salt energy storage assembly to release energy.
According to the steam heat storage system provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the boiler, the heat exchanger, the mixer, the molten salt energy storage component and the water pump are arranged, so that the heat storage peak regulation and the steam heating flue gas are organically combined to realize wide-load denitration, the problem of low flue gas temperature at the inlet of the denitration device under low load is solved, and the operation safety of a denitration catalyst is ensured; the load of the unit is reduced by extracting steam and storing heat, and the deep peak regulation capacity of the unit is improved; meanwhile, through cascade utilization of high-temperature steam, the energy conversion efficiency of the molten salt heat storage system is improved.
In some embodiments, the vapor heat storage system further comprises a liquid storage tank in the first state, the liquid storage tank is in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly, so that condensed water after heat exchange by the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the liquid storage tank.
In some embodiments, the vapor heat storage system further comprises a temperature adjustment assembly in communication with the liquid storage tank for delivering condensate to the liquid storage tank to adjust the temperature within the liquid storage tank.
In some embodiments, in the second state, the tank communicates with the water pump such that condensate within the tank flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly through the water pump.
In some embodiments, the steam heat storage system further comprises a steam header communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly so that the steam subjected to heat exchange by the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the steam header, and the steam header is used for replacing auxiliary steam or extraction steam of a unit.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the steam exiting the mixer is a first temperature, the temperature of the molten salt within the molten salt energy storage assembly is a second temperature, and the mixer is in communication with the steam header when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is less than a second preset value, such that the steam mixed by the mixer flows into the steam header.
In some embodiments, the vapor heat storage system further comprises a heat supply conduit in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly in the second state such that vapor heated by the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the heat supply conduit for supplying heat to a client.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the steam flowing out of the mixer is a first temperature, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage component is a second temperature, and when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is smaller than a second preset value, the mixer is communicated with the heat supply pipeline, so that the steam mixed by the mixer flows into the heat supply pipeline.
In some embodiments, the vapor heat storage system further comprises a deaerator connected to the water pump for deaerating the condensed water flowing into the water pump, and in the second state, the molten salt energy storage assembly is in communication with the deaerator for flowing vapor into the deaerator after heat exchange by the molten salt energy storage assembly.
In some embodiments, the molten salt energy storage assembly comprises a plurality of molten salt energy storage units, and the plurality of molten salt energy storage units are sequentially communicated so that the steam and the condensate water exchange heat step by step in the molten salt energy storage assembly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vapor heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Reference numerals:
a vapor heat storage system 100;
a boiler 1; a heat exchanger 2; a first valve 3; a mixer 4; a second valve 5; a molten salt energy storage assembly 6; a third valve 7; a steam header 8; a fourth valve 9; a liquid storage tank 10; a fifth valve 11; a first water pump 12; a condensate water heater 13; a water pump 14; a sixth valve 15; a deaerator 16; a ninth valve 17; a seventh valve 18; an eighth valve 19; and a heating pipeline 20.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present utility model, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
The vapor heat storage system of the embodiment of the present utility model is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the steam heat storage system of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a boiler 1, a heat exchanger 2, a mixer 4, a molten salt energy storage assembly 6 and a water pump 14.
The boiler 1 has a flue (not shown) and a steam port (not shown). Specifically, the flue gas in the boiler 1 flows out from the flue, and the steam in the boiler 1 flows out from the steam port.
The heat exchanger 2 is respectively communicated with the flue and the steam port, so that flue gas and steam in the boiler 1 respectively flow into the heat exchanger 2 and exchange heat in the heat exchanger 2 to raise the temperature of the flue gas. Specifically, the heat exchanger 2 includes a first inlet (not shown in the drawing), a second inlet (not shown in the drawing), a first outlet (not shown in the drawing) and a second outlet (not shown in the drawing), the first inlet is communicated with the flue, flue gas in the boiler 1 flows into the first inlet, the second inlet is communicated with the steam inlet, steam in the boiler 1 is communicated with the second inlet, so that the flue gas and the steam exchange heat in the heat exchanger 2, the temperature of the steam is reduced, the temperature of the flue gas is increased, and the first outlet is communicated with the inlet of the denitration device, so that the flue gas after the temperature is increased flows into the denitration device to prevent the denitration catalyst from being deactivated.
The mixer 4 is communicated with the steam port so that the steam flowing out through the boiler 1 flows into the mixer 4, the mixer 4 is communicated with the heat exchanger 2 so that the steam after heat exchange through the heat exchanger 2 flows into the mixer 4, and the mixer 4 is used for mixing the steam to reduce the temperature of the steam to a first preset value. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the inlet of the mixer 4 is respectively communicated with the second outlet and the steam port of the heat exchanger 2, steam in the boiler 1 flows into the mixer 4, the steam after heat exchange and temperature reduction of the heat exchanger 2 flows into the mixer 4, so that the steam in the boiler 1 and the steam after heat exchange of the heat exchanger 2 are mixed, the temperature of the mixer 4 is reduced to a first preset value, the first preset value is 290 ℃, the steam flowing out of the mixer 4 is prevented from being excessively high in temperature, molten salt in the molten salt energy storage component 6 is melted, normal operation of the molten salt energy storage component 6 is ensured, and the service life of the molten salt energy storage component 6 is prolonged.
The steam heat storage system 100 has a first state in which the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 communicates with the mixer 4 so that steam mixed by the mixer 4 flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 to store energy in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, and a second state in which the water pump 14 communicates with the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 so that condensed water flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 through the water pump 14 and exchanges heat with molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 to release energy from the molten salt energy storage assembly 6. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the first state, the molten salt energy storage component 6 stores energy, the inlet of the molten salt energy storage component 6 is communicated with the outlet of the mixer 4, the steam mixed by the mixer 4 flows into the molten salt energy storage component 6, and the molten salt energy storage component 6 absorbs heat in the steam to store energy and liquefy the steam into condensed water. In the second state, the fused salt energy storage component 6 releases energy, the inlet of the fused salt energy storage component 6 is communicated with the water pump 14, the water pump 14 conveys condensed water into the fused salt energy storage component 6, and the condensed water exchanges heat with fused salt in the fused salt energy storage component 6, so that the temperature of the condensed water rises and is gasified into a gaseous state.
According to the steam heat storage system 100 disclosed by the embodiment of the utility model, the heat exchanger 2 and the mixer 4 are arranged, part of steam in the boiler 1 is used for heating flue gas at the inlet of the denitration device, so that the operation safety of the denitration device operated under low load is ensured, compared with the technologies such as a flue gas bypass and the like, the flue gas temperature control is more accurate, the overhaul and maintenance amount is small, meanwhile, the steam extraction amount in the heat storage and peak regulation process is increased due to the fact that part of steam heat is consumed by heating the flue gas, the deep peak regulation capacity of a unit is improved, and the fused salt energy storage component 6 and the water pump 14 are additionally arranged, so that the heat energy generated by the steam of the boiler 1 is directly stored in the fused salt energy storage component 6.
In some embodiments, the vapor heat storage system 100 further includes a tank 10, in the first state, the tank 10 is in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 such that condensed water heat exchanged by the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the tank 10. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the inlet of the liquid storage tank 10 is communicated with the outlet of the molten salt energy storage component 6, and in the first state, the steam flowing out of the mixer 4 is stored and liquefied into condensed water through the molten salt energy storage component 6 and then flows into the liquid storage cavity, so that the liquid storage tank 10 stores the condensed water.
In some embodiments, the vapor heat storage system 100 further includes a temperature regulating assembly in communication with the tank 10 for delivering condensate to the tank 10 to regulate the temperature within the tank 10. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the temperature adjusting assembly comprises a first water pump 12 and a condensate water heater 13, so that condensate water formed by a boiler 1 unit is conveyed into the liquid storage tank 10 through the first water pump 12 or the condensate water heater 13, the temperature of the condensate water in the liquid storage tank 10 is adjusted to be about 95 ℃, the condensate water in the liquid storage tank 10 is prevented from being gasified, the storage efficiency of the liquid storage tank 10 is improved, and the energy storage life of the liquid storage tank 10 is prolonged.
In some embodiments, as the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 releases energy, the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 gradually decreases, and the temperature of steam exiting from the upper outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 no longer meets the heat supply requirement or the auxiliary steam requirement. Therefore, in some embodiments, in the second state, the liquid storage tank 10 is communicated with the water pump 14, so that the condensed water in the liquid storage tank 10 flows into the molten salt energy storage component 6 through the water pump 14, and heat exchange is performed on the molten salt energy storage component 6 through the condensed water in the liquid storage tank 10, so that the molten salt energy storage component 6 continues to release energy, and the energy release and heat exchange efficiency of the molten salt energy storage component 6 is improved due to the fact that the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage component 6 and the temperature difference of the condensed water in the water tank are large.
In some embodiments, as the temperature of the molten salt within the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 increases, the condensed water flowing from the outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 changes to steam. Thus, in some embodiments, the steam heat storage system 100 further includes a steam header 8, the steam header 8 being in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 such that steam after heat exchange by the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the steam header 8, the steam header 8 being used to replace the crew auxiliary steam or extraction steam. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the inlet of the steam header 8 is communicated with the outlet of the energy storage component, and the steam after heat exchange of the molten salt energy storage component 6 flows into the steam header 8, so that the steam header 8 replaces the auxiliary steam or the extraction steam of the unit, and the efficiency of the steam heat storage system 100 is improved.
In some embodiments, the vapor heat storage system 100 further comprises a heat supply conduit 20, in the second state, the heat supply conduit 20 is in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, such that the vapor heated by the energy release of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the heat supply conduit 20, the heat supply conduit 20 being used to supply heat to the client. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an inlet of the heat supply pipeline 20 is communicated with an outlet of the molten salt energy storage component 6, in the second state, condensed water is heated to steam through energy release of the molten salt energy storage component 6 and flows into the heat supply pipeline 20, so that the steam heated through energy release of the molten salt energy storage component 6 flows into the heat supply pipeline 20, and heat is supplied to a client through the heat supply pipeline 20.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the steam exiting the mixer 4 is a first temperature, the temperature of the molten salt within the molten salt storage assembly 6 is a second temperature, and when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is less than a second preset value, the mixer 4 communicates with the steam header 8 such that the steam mixed by the mixer 4 flows into the steam header 8, and/or the mixer 4 communicates with the heating conduit 20 such that the steam mixed by the mixer 4 flows into the heating conduit 20. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, when the temperature difference between the outlet steam temperature of the mixer 4 and the steam temperature at the outlet of the molten salt energy storage component 6 is smaller than a second preset value, the second preset value is 20 ℃, the heat storage of the molten salt energy storage component 6 is finished, the outlet of the mixer 4 is communicated with the inlet of the steam header 8, so that the mixed steam flows into the steam header 8, or the outlet of the mixer 4 is communicated with the inlet of the heat supply pipeline 20, so that the mixed steam flows into the heat supply pipeline 20, or the outlet of the mixer 4 is respectively communicated with the inlet of the heat supply pipeline 20 and the inlet of the steam header 8, so that the mixed steam flows into the heat supply pipeline 20 and the steam header 8, the utilization rate of the steam is improved, and the waste of energy sources is reduced.
In some embodiments, the vapor heat storage system 100 further includes a deaerator 16, the deaerator 16 being connected to the water pump 14 to remove oxygen from condensate flowing into the water pump 14, and in the second state, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 being in communication with the deaerator 16 such that heat exchanged vapor released by the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 flows into the deaerator 16. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the inlet of the deaerator 16 is connected with an external pipeline, the outlet of the deaerator 16 is connected with the inlet of the water pump 14, so that condensate flows into the deaerator 16 through the external pipeline, oxygen in the condensate is removed by the deaerator 16 and then flows into the molten salt energy storage component 6, thereby preventing oxygen in the condensate from reacting with molten salt in the molten salt energy storage component 6, prolonging the service life of the molten salt energy storage component 6, and in the second state, the outlet of the molten salt energy storage component 6 is communicated with the inlet of the deaerator 16, so that steam after energy release gasification flows into the deaerator 16, the steam extraction of the deaerator 16 is reduced, and the power generation coal consumption is reduced.
In some embodiments, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 includes a plurality of molten salt energy storage units that communicate in sequence so that steam and condensate are progressively heat exchanged within the molten salt energy storage assembly 6. Specifically, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 may be a plurality of molten salt energy storage units connected in series in sequence, so that steam and hot water exchange heat with molten salt in the plurality of molten salt energy storage units step by step.
It can be understood that the fused salt energy storage component 6 is an integrated device for heat storage and release, steam enters from an upper inlet of the fused salt energy storage component 6 during heat storage, comes out from the lower part of the fused salt energy storage component 6, hot water enters from the lower part of the fused salt energy storage component 6 during heat release, comes out from the fused salt energy storage component 6, and the heat storage and heat release share the same heat exchanger 2, so that the flow direction of working medium is only changed. The boiler 1 reheat steam extraction does not exceed 25% of the total reheat steam flow.
A vapor heat storage system 100 according to an embodiment of the present utility model is specifically described below with reference to fig. 1.
The heat exchanger 2 is arranged in front of the inlet of the denitration device of the tail flue of the boiler 1, a second inlet of the heat exchanger 2 is communicated with a steam port of the boiler 1 through a first valve 3, a second outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is communicated with an inlet of the mixer 4, the other side of the mixer 4 is communicated with the steam port of the boiler 1 through a second valve 5, and an outlet of the mixer 4 is communicated with an upper inlet of the fused salt energy storage assembly 6. One path of outlet pipeline at the lower part of the fused salt energy storage component 6 is communicated with the inlet of the steam header 8 through the third valve 7, and the other path is communicated with the inlet pipeline at the upper part of the liquid storage tank through the fourth valve 9. The inlet of the liquid storage tank is simultaneously communicated with the outlet of the first water pump 12 and the outlet of the condensation water heater 1313 through the fourth valve 9.
One path of the inlet at the lower part of the molten salt energy storage component 6 is communicated with a condensed water pipeline (not shown in the figure) at the outlet of the deaerator 16 through a fifth valve 11 and a water pump 14, and the other path of the inlet is communicated with the outlet at the lower part of the liquid storage tank through the water pump 14 and a sixth valve 15; the outlet of the upper part of the fused salt energy storage component 6 is respectively communicated with three pipelines, one pipeline is communicated with an inlet condensed water pipeline of the deaerator 16, the other pipeline is communicated with a unit heat supply pipeline 20 through a seventh valve 18, and the other pipeline is communicated with the steam header 8 through an eighth valve 19.
The heat storage process is as follows: the boiler 1 operates under low load, a part of reheat steam is extracted from the boiler 1, the flue gas temperature is heated to more than 290 ℃ through a heat exchanger 2 arranged in front of a denitration device inlet of a tail flue of the boiler 1, steam from the heat exchanger 2 and a part of reheat steam extracted from the boiler 1 enter a steam mixer 4 from two sides of the mixer 4 respectively, steam flow on two sides is regulated through regulating a first valve 3 and a second valve 5, and the steam temperature at an outlet of the mixer 4 is ensured not to exceed the decomposition temperature of molten salt in a molten salt energy storage assembly 6. The mixed steam enters from the upper inlet of the fused salt energy storage component 6, and exchanges heat with fused salt in the fused salt energy storage component 6 sufficiently, the temperature of the fused salt in the fused salt energy storage component 6 is gradually increased, and the steam heat storage process is gradually completed. And the steam which comes out from the lower outlet of the fused salt energy storage component 6 and is subjected to fused salt heat exchange is changed into saturated water through the first part of the fourth valve 9, and the saturated water enters the liquid storage tank from the upper part of the liquid storage tank. In order to ensure that the water temperature inside the tank does not exceed 95 c, the amount of water entering the tank via the first water pump 12 and the condensate water heater 1313 may be regulated by the fifth valve 11. Along with the rising of the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage component 6, the saturated water is not discharged from the outlet of the lower part of the molten salt energy storage component 6, but steam is connected into the steam header 8 through the fourth valve 9, and the steam can be used for replacing auxiliary steam or extraction steam of a unit. When the temperature difference between the outlet steam temperature of the mixer 4 and the lower outlet steam temperature of the fused salt energy storage component 6 is within 20 ℃, the fused salt energy storage component 6 can be considered to be heated, the outlet steam of the mixer 4 is directly connected into the steam header 8 through the ninth valve 17 or is connected into the heat supply pipeline 20 through the eighth valve 19, and is not connected into the fused salt energy storage component 6 any more.
The heat release process is as follows: when the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is full of heat, a heat release mode may be entered. The condensate water at the outlet of the deaerator 16 enters the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 from the lower inlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 through a sixth valve 15 by the water pump 14, and fully exchanges heat with the high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, the condensate water is gradually warmed up, heated and vaporized in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, and finally becomes superheated steam to come out from the upper outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6. One path of steam subjected to high-temperature fused salt heat exchange is connected into a heat supply pipeline 20 through an eighth valve 19 for heat supply, and the other path of steam is connected into a steam header 8 through a ninth valve 17 to replace auxiliary steam or extraction steam of a unit, so that the power generation coal consumption of the unit is reduced. Along with the progress of the heat release process, the temperature of molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 gradually decreases, when the temperature of steam coming out of an upper outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 no longer meets the heat supply requirement or the auxiliary steam requirement, a sixth valve 15 between an outlet of the deaerator 16 and an inlet at the lower part of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is closed, a seventh valve 18 is opened, and hot water in the liquid storage tank is sent into the inlet at the lower part of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 through a water pump 14. Hot water enters the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, exchanges heat with molten salt, gradually increases the water temperature, and then comes out from an outlet at the upper part of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6, and is merged into a condensate pipeline at the inlet of the deaerator 16, so that steam extraction of a part of low-pressure heater and the deaerator 16 can be reduced, and the power generation coal consumption can be reduced. When the temperature of the hot water exiting the upper outlet of the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 is below 130 ℃, the molten salt energy storage assembly 6 may be considered to end the heat release process.
In order to further explain the working principle and performance advantages of the steam heat storage system 100 of the present utility model, a 660MW coal motor unit is taken as an example, and an 80mw.h steam heat storage peak regulation device is configured, and the process flow and the energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage device are briefly described below. The unit 660MW unit is characterized in that the inlet smoke temperature of the denitration device is 260 ℃ under 25% rated load, 65t/h reheat steam is extracted to enter a steam-smoke heat exchanger 2, the inlet smoke temperature of the denitration device is raised to be more than 290 ℃, the steam after heating the smoke is mixed with part of reheat steam and then directly enters a fused salt energy storage device to store heat, the residual heat of the stored steam is partially converted into hot water to be stored in a hot water tank, and part of the residual heat is converted into steam with the temperature of more than 230 ℃ to enter a steam header 8 to replace four extraction steam, so that the steam is heated by a steam induced draft fan, a steam feed pump 14 and a deaerator 16, and the problem of insufficient four extraction steam during low load is solved. In the heat release process, hot water enters a molten salt energy storage device for heat exchange, and when the temperature is higher than 230 ℃, generated steam enters a steam header 8; when the temperature is lower than 230 ℃ and higher than 130 ℃, the condensed water is introduced into the inlet of the deaerator 16, so that the deaerator 16 and the low-pressure heater are reduced in steam extraction. In terms of energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage device, the energy conversion efficiency of directly extracting reheat steam to store and release heat is 50.37%, the energy conversion efficiency of heating flue gas to store and release heat is 72.97%, and the energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage device is higher after cascade utilization of reheat steam heat. In the aspect of peak regulation capability, the flue gas is heated by the reheat steam with the steam extraction of 65t/h, the peak regulation capability is increased by about 20MW compared with that of the reheat steam with the steam extraction only, the problem of low-load denitration of the boiler 1 is solved, and the unit peak regulation capability is obviously improved compared with the prior art.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present utility model, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be in either fixed or removable communication, or may be integral, for example; may be in mechanical communication or may be in electrical communication or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While the above embodiments have been shown and described, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations of the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A vapor heat storage system comprising:
a boiler having a flue and a steam port;
the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the flue and the steam port, so that flue gas and steam in the boiler respectively flow into the heat exchanger and exchange heat in the heat exchanger to raise the temperature of the flue gas;
a mixer communicating with the steam port so that the steam flowing out through the boiler flows into the mixer, the mixer communicating with the heat exchanger so that the steam heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger flows into the mixer, the mixer being for mixing the steam to reduce the temperature of the steam directly introduced into the mixer from the steam port to a first preset value;
the steam heat storage system is provided with a first state and a second state, the first state is that the molten salt energy storage assembly is communicated with the mixer, so that steam mixed by the mixer flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly to enable the molten salt energy storage assembly to store energy, and the second state is that the water pump is communicated with the molten salt energy storage assembly, so that condensate water flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly through the water pump and exchanges heat with molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly to enable the molten salt energy storage assembly to release energy.
2. The vapor heat storage system of claim 1 further comprising a reservoir in said first state, said reservoir in communication with said molten salt energy storage assembly such that condensate after heat exchange by said molten salt energy storage assembly flows into said reservoir.
3. The vapor heat storage system of claim 2 further comprising a temperature adjustment assembly in communication with said reservoir for delivering condensate to said reservoir to adjust the temperature within said reservoir.
4. The vapor heat storage system of claim 2 wherein in the second state the reservoir communicates with the water pump such that condensate within the reservoir flows into the molten salt energy storage assembly through the water pump.
5. The vapor heat storage system of claim 1, further comprising a vapor header in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly such that vapor after heat exchange by the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the vapor header for replacement of unit auxiliary or extraction vapor.
6. The vapor heat storage system of claim 5 wherein the temperature of vapor exiting the mixer is a first temperature and the temperature of molten salt within the molten salt energy storage assembly is a second temperature, and wherein the mixer communicates with the vapor header when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is less than a second predetermined value such that vapor mixed by the mixer flows into the vapor header.
7. The vapor heat storage system of claim 1 further comprising a heat supply conduit in communication with the molten salt energy storage assembly in the second state such that vapor heated by the molten salt energy storage assembly flows into the heat supply conduit for supplying heat to a client.
8. The vapor heat storage system of claim 7 wherein the temperature of the vapor exiting the mixer is a first temperature and the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt energy storage assembly is a second temperature, and wherein the mixer is in communication with the heating conduit such that the vapor mixed by the mixer flows into the heating conduit when the difference between the first temperature and the second temperature is less than a second predetermined value.
9. The vapor heat storage system of claim 1 further comprising a deaerator connected to the water pump for deaerating condensate flowing into the water pump, the molten salt energy storage assembly in the second state communicating with the deaerator for flowing vapor heat exchanged via the molten salt energy storage assembly into the deaerator.
10. The vapor heat storage system of any one of claims 1-9 wherein said molten salt energy storage assembly comprises a plurality of molten salt energy storage units, a plurality of said molten salt energy storage units being in sequential communication such that said vapor and said condensate water progressively exchange heat within said molten salt energy storage assembly.
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| CN117366545B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-08-06 | 李纳军 | Energy storage method and system based on gas self-contained power plant |
| CN117977637B (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-06-11 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Frequency modulation method and system for fused salt coupling thermal power generating unit |
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Application publication date: 20220705 Assignee: HUANENG INTERNATIONAL POWER CO.,LTD. DEZHOU POWER PLANT Assignor: Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023980054524 Denomination of invention: Steam thermal storage system Granted publication date: 20231107 License type: Common License Record date: 20231229 |
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