CN114702767A - Polyvinyl chloride composite plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyvinyl chloride composite plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114702767A CN114702767A CN202210298776.0A CN202210298776A CN114702767A CN 114702767 A CN114702767 A CN 114702767A CN 202210298776 A CN202210298776 A CN 202210298776A CN 114702767 A CN114702767 A CN 114702767A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a polyvinyl chloride composite plastic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic comprises the following main raw materials: 80-100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30-50 parts of modified jute fiber, 5-8 parts of calcium stearate, 5-8 parts of flame retardant and 5-7 parts of heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane. Compared with the prior art, the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic prepared by the formula has good tensile property, hydrophobic property and thermal stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plastic preparation, in particular to polyvinyl chloride composite plastic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most widely used plastic products in the world today, and has been the first of the plastics used in the world since a long time after the 30 th 20 th century, and has been important in various fields such as packaging materials, foaming agents, building decorations, daily necessities, and communication materials because of its corrosion resistance, heat resistance, flame resistance, and superior mechanical strength and good insulation properties.
PVC has the advantages of excellent physical properties, good corrosion resistance, chemical stability, flame resistance and the like, is low in price, and can replace traditional metal and wood to play an important role in some fields. Compared with other materials, PVC as a general engineering plastic with the highest cost performance has low processing and manufacturing soft melting point, and the mechanical property, the insulativity, the transparency and the processability of the product are all superior. The PVC has excellent comprehensive performance, and other engineering composite materials with good performance can be prepared by adding different modifiers according to specific performance. Although the comprehensive performance of PVC is good, it has shortcomings and shortcomings: the notch impact strength of the product is poor, and the product is brittle and easy to break; poor heat resistance and easy yellowing; the processing flow does not perform well; easy decomposition and small forming temperature range. These disadvantages limit the scope of application of PVC and adversely affect the production and processing of PVC articles.
As is well known, the processing temperature of PVC is about 170-180 ℃, but PVC has certain structural defects in the synthesis process, the structural defects can cause the PVC to be degraded under the conditions of high temperature action, radiation, shearing action and the like, the melting temperature of the PVC is from 80 ℃, the degradation temperature is usually 110-120 ℃, and the cross-linking use of the product before processing is difficult, the mechanical property is reduced, the color of the product is gradually darkened, and finally, the brown or even black color is presented, so that the appearance quality of the product is influenced. Therefore, it is very important to improve the thermal stability of PVC during PVC processing, and the first is to change the structure of PVC by chemical modification to improve the thermal stability of PVC. In another method, various additives or modifiers are added, and the comprehensive performance of the PVC is improved in modes of blending, filling, reinforcing and the like under the condition of not changing the molecular structure of the PVC.
The chemical modification is to modify PVC by copolymerization compound and grafting method, which can increase the thermal stability of PVC and enhance its impact strength, and the system selected generally has ACR, MBS, CPE, etc. but the modifier will sacrifice the tensile strength, modulus, etc. of the matrix. And the chemical modification has high requirements on processing equipment, production process and modification technology, and wastes time and labor. Therefore, for the industrial production of PVC products, the chemical modification has limitations and cannot be widely applied.
The other modification means that the modifier is fully dispersed in the PVC matrix, and the cost of the production raw materials is reduced by adding other low-cost materials, the most common mode is to blend the recovered waste materials and new materials, and the method is mainly applied to large-scale industrial production. PVC filler modification is to add solid additives of other compositions or structures into the PVC matrix to reduce cost or improve certain properties, and the filler has good adhesion with the PVC matrix. According to the chemical composition division, the filler can be divided into an inorganic filler and an organic natural filler. The addition of fillers can reduce the cost or improve the performance of the composite material. The PVC reinforced modification means that materials with larger length-diameter ratio, such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, nylon, metal fiber, cotton and hemp, are added into a PVC matrix, so that the heat resistance, strength, rigidity, corrosion resistance and the like of the PVC composite material can be obviously improved.
Chinese patent CN 108329624A discloses a novel heat-resistant PVC plastic, which comprises 50-60 parts of a PVC substrate, 40-45 parts of ternary copolymer resin, 15-20 parts of MMA modified ABS resin, 5-10 parts of EnBACO grafted maleic anhydride, 1-5 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 5 parts of styrene and 10 parts of acrylate. The ternary copolymer resin is MMA-St-ChMI, wherein the proportion of MMA-St-ChMI is 25: 35: 40. The nano calcium carbonate is treated by titanate coupling agent and then added into PVC matrix for blending and filling. EnBACO grafted maleic anhydride is used as a compatibilizer. The invention has the advantages of good heat resistance and long service life; chinese patent CN 109705498A discloses a heat-resistant and wear-resistant PVC plastic, which comprises the following materials in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of polyvinyl chloride; 18-22 parts of a high molecular polymer; 30-35 parts by weight of a plasticizer; 2-4 parts of a stabilizer; 6-8 parts of a filler; 3-5 parts of an antioxidant; 1-3 parts by weight of a lubricant; 0.5-1 part by weight of a modifier. The heat-resistant wear-resistant PVC plastic disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the internal structure of the PVC plastic is improved to a micro degree by optimizing the chemical components of the PVC plastic, and the PVC plastic has excellent heat resistance and wear resistance. The modifier is added for blending treatment, so that the heat resistance of the PVC plastic is improved, but the introduced modifier reduces the biodegradation performance of the PVC plastic, so that the preparation process of the PVC plastic, which can effectively improve the thermal degradation performance of the PVC plastic and is environment-friendly, is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides polyvinyl chloride composite plastic and a preparation method thereof. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic comprises the following raw materials:
80-100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30-50 parts of jute fiber, 5-8 parts of lubricant and 5-7 parts of stabilizer.
The plant fiber generally comprises 3 types of woody fiber, herbaceous fiber and vine fiber. The recovery rate of the plant fiber is low, and a lot of plant fiber can be burned, thereby not only polluting the ecological environment, but also wasting resources; on the other hand, the modern society puts forward higher requirements on plastic materials, such as cost reduction, improvement of self-insufficient performance and the like. Therefore, a limited variety of single plastics are compounded into various novel composite materials, so as to meet various requirements. The polyvinyl chloride has the characteristics of difficult combustion, difficult corrosion and good mechanical property, and the composite material prepared by adding the plant fiber into the polyvinyl chloride has low price and environmental protection and can effectively solve the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the plant fiber of crops.
Jute fiber belongs to the Tiliaceae, is one of the toughest bast fibers with the lowest cost, is a common economic crop in subtropical regions, and has the third world yield in China. Like other bast fibers, jute fibers contain cellulose as a main component, and hemicellulose, lignin, pectin, wax and other substances. The inventor finds that the toughness and fatigue resistance of the polyvinyl chloride plastic can be obviously improved after the polyvinyl chloride base material is compounded with the jute fiber. However, since jute fiber belongs to a high surface energy material composed of natural high molecular compounds, and plastic is a low surface energy system composed of weak polar molecules, the compatibility of the two materials is poor, the bonding and interaction of the material interface is weak, and the overall performance of the composite material is seriously affected. Therefore, in the prior art, in order to enhance the compatibility of two materials, the cellulose is generally modified by chemical methods, addition of an interface modifier, physical methods and the like. The inventor finds that after the jute fiber absorbs the nano fiber crystal and xylan, the bonding force between the fiber and the polyvinyl chloride base material is strengthened, and on the other hand, the water absorption of the polyvinyl chloride plastic is reduced.
Although calcium stearate is a common polyvinyl chloride lubricant, a small amount of calcium stearate is added in the processing of polyvinyl chloride, which shows a remarkable external lubricating effect and delays plasticization, but when the dosage is increased to a certain degree, the plasticization tends to be advanced, so that the addition amount of calcium stearate also has an important influence on the performance of polyvinyl chloride plastics.
Further, the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic comprises the following raw materials:
80-100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30-50 parts of modified jute fiber, 5-8 parts of calcium stearate, 5-8 parts of flame retardant and 5-7 parts of heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane.
The modified jute fiber is prepared by the following method: adding 10-15 g of cellulose nanocrystalline into 1-1.5L of water, stirring for 2-3 h at room temperature to prepare a cellulose nanocrystalline suspension, then performing ultrasonic treatment at 200-250W for 2-3 min, and performing ultrasonic circulation for 4-5 times to break residual cellulose nanocrystalline agglomerates; then adding 10-12 g of jute fiber into the cellulose nanocrystal suspension, stirring for 5-8 min to ensure that the jute fiber is well dispersed in the suspension, storing at 2-4 ℃ for 20-24 h, then performing suction filtration to obtain CNC-jute fiber solid, and drying at 105-110 ℃ for 2-3 h; adding 10-20 g of xyloglucan into 1-2L of water, stirring at 50-60 ℃ for 3-5 h at a rotating speed of 200-300 rpm, adding 12-15 g of CNC-jute fiber into the xyloglucan solution, stirring for 5-8 min, and drying the solid at 105-110 ℃ for 2-3 h after suction filtration to obtain CNC-XG-jute fiber solid; at 45-50 ℃, using 55-65 wt% of HNO3An aqueous solution and 25 to 30 wt% of H2O2And (3) mixing the water solutions according to the volume ratio of 1 (1-2) to obtain a mixed solution, continuously stirring the CNC-XG-jute fiber solid added with the mass of 1/20-1/5 of the mixed solution at 300-400 rpm for 20-30 min, washing the cooled mixed solution for 2-3 times with water, centrifuging the mixed solution at 3000-3500 rpm for 5-8 min, and collecting the solid to obtain the modified jute fiber.
The inventor treats the jute fiber to ensure that the jute fiber adsorbs cellulose nanocrystalline and xyloglucan, the cellulose nanocrystalline and xyloglucan can be combined with the jute fiber through hydrogen bonds, the polarity of the jute fiber can be reduced, and the compatibility of the fiber and a polyvinyl chloride base material is enhanced.
Most preferably, the modified jute fiber is prepared by the following method: adding 10-15 g of cellulose nanocrystalline into 1-1.5L of water, stirring for 2-3 h at room temperature to prepare a cellulose nanocrystalline suspension, then performing ultrasonic treatment at 200-250W for 2-3 min, and performing ultrasonic circulation for 4-5 times to break residual cellulose nanocrystalline agglomerates; then adding 10-12 g of jute fiber into the cellulose nanocrystal suspension, stirring for 5-8 min to ensure that the jute fiber is well dispersed in the suspension, storing at 2-4 ℃ for 20-24 h, then performing suction filtration to obtain CNC-jute fiber solid, and drying at 105-110 ℃ for 2-3 h; dropwise adding 2-3 mL of chlorosulfonic acid into 10-15 mL of pyridine solution for later use, dissolving 5-6 g of xyloglucan in 50-60 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, adding a chlorosulfonic acid pyridine mixture, stirring at 55-60 ℃ for 3-4 h, adjusting the pH to 7.0 by using 1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution, then adding 12-15 g of CNC-jute fiber, stirring for 5-8 min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the solid at 105-110 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain a CNC-XG-jute fiber solid; at 45-50 ℃, using 55-65 wt% of HNO3An aqueous solution and 25 to 30 wt% of H2O2And (3) mixing the water solutions according to the volume ratio of 1 (1-2) to obtain a mixed solution, continuously stirring the CNC-XG-jute fiber solid added with the mass of 1/20-1/5 of the mixed solution at 300-400 rpm for 20-30 min, washing the cooled mixed solution for 2-3 times with water, centrifuging the mixed solution at 3000-3500 rpm for 5-8 min, and collecting the solid to obtain the modified jute fiber.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic, which comprises the following steps:
weighing polyvinyl chloride resin, modified jute fiber, calcium stearate, heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane and nano boron carbide according to a formula, mixing for 10-15 min at 110-120 ℃, cooling the mixed materials to 35-40 ℃, standing for 36-48 h at room temperature, and finally granulating to obtain the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic.
According to the invention, the jute fiber is adsorbed by using the cellulose nanocrystalline and xyloglucan on the basis of the cellulose polyvinyl chloride composite plastic, the discreteness of the modified jute fiber in the polyvinyl chloride body is obviously improved, the interface contact area of the two materials is obviously increased, and a new stable chemical bond is generated. Because the interface connectivity and stability are improved, the heat transfer in the composite material interface channel can be effectively prevented, and the volatilization of small molecules after thermal decomposition is prevented, so that the overall thermal stability is improved, meanwhile, the polarity of jute fibers treated by cellulose nanocrystals and xyloglucan is greatly reduced, the surface roughness is small, and the water absorption performance of the plastic can be reduced when the jute fibers are added into polyvinyl chloride plastic.
Compared with the cellulose polyvinyl chloride composite plastic in the prior art, the cellulose polyvinyl chloride composite plastic has higher thermal stability, the hydrophobicity is enhanced, and the application range is widened.
Detailed Description
Introduction of raw materials in the examples:
polyvinyl chloride resin, CAS 9002-86-2, type: SG-5, K value: 111, available from Ninwer Yersida plastication Co., Ltd;
jute fiber, 70mm in length, available from cis textile Co., Ltd, Dongguan;
heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane, CAS 101947-16-4, available from knam national chen taifu chemical co;
nano boron carbide with the particle size of 50-80 nm is purchased from Andi metal materials Co., Ltd, Qinghe county;
example 1
A preparation method of polyvinyl chloride composite plastic comprises the following steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30 parts by weight of modified jute fiber, 5 parts by weight of calcium stearate, 6 parts by weight of heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane and 3 parts by weight of nano boron carbide, mixing for 15min at 110 ℃, cooling the mixed materials to 40 ℃, standing for 36 h at room temperature, and finally granulating in a reciprocating single-screw granulator with the length-diameter ratio of 1:26 to prepare the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic.
The modified jute fiber is prepared by the following method: adding 10g of cellulose nanocrystalline into 1L of water, stirring for 2 hours at room temperature to prepare a cellulose nanocrystalline suspension, then performing ultrasonic treatment at 200W for 2 minutes, and performing ultrasonic circulation for 5 times to break residual cellulose nanocrystalline agglomerates; then adding 12g of jute fiber into the cellulose nanocrystalline suspension, stirring for 8min to ensure that the jute fiber is well dispersed in the suspension, storing for 24h at 4 ℃, then performing suction filtration to obtain CNC-jute fiber solid, and drying for 2h at 105 ℃; adding 20g of xyloglucan into 1L of water, stirring at the rotating speed of 300rpm for 5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, then adding 12g of CNC-jute fiber into the xyloglucan solution, stirring for 5 minutes, and drying the solid at the temperature of 105 ℃ for 3 hours after suction filtration to obtain CNC-XG-jute fiber solid; 50mL of 65 wt% HNO at 50 deg.C3Aqueous solution and 100mL of 30 wt% H2O2Mixing the water solution to obtain a mixed solution, adding 10g of CNC-XG-jute fiber solid, and continuously stirring at 300rpm for 30 min; adding ice, cooling, washing with water for 3 times, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 5min, and collecting solid to obtain modified jute fiber.
Example 2
A preparation method of polyvinyl chloride composite plastic comprises the following steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30 parts by weight of modified jute fiber, 5 parts by weight of calcium stearate, 6 parts by weight of heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane and 3 parts by weight of nano boron carbide, mixing for 15min at 110 ℃, cooling the mixed materials to 40 ℃, standing for 36 h at room temperature, and finally granulating in a reciprocating single-screw granulator with the length-diameter ratio of 1:26 to prepare the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic.
The modified jute fiber is prepared by the following method: adding 10g of cellulose nanocrystal into 1L of water, stirring at room temperature for 2h to prepare cellulose nanocrystal suspension, and then 20 hPerforming ultrasonic treatment at 0W for 2min, and performing ultrasonic circulation for 5 times to break residual cellulose nanocrystalline lumps; then adding 12g of jute fiber into the cellulose nanocrystalline suspension, stirring for 8min to ensure that the jute fiber is well dispersed in the suspension, storing for 24h at 4 ℃, then performing suction filtration to obtain CNC-jute fiber solid, and drying for 2h at 105 ℃; dropwise adding 2mL of chlorosulfonic acid into 10mL of pyridine solution for later use, dissolving 5g of xyloglucan in 50mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, adding a chlorosulfonic acid pyridine mixture, stirring at 55 ℃ for 3h, adjusting the pH to 7.0 by using a 1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution, adding 12g of CNC-jute fiber, stirring for 5min, and drying the solid at 105 ℃ for 3h after suction filtration to obtain a CNC-XG-jute fiber solid; 50mL of 65 wt% HNO at 50 deg.C3Aqueous solution and 100mL of 30 wt% H2O2Mixing the water solution to obtain a mixed solution, adding 10g of CNC-XG-jute fiber solid, and continuously stirring at 300rpm for 30 min; adding ice, cooling, washing with water for 3 times, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 5min, and collecting solid to obtain modified jute fiber.
Example 3
A preparation method of polyvinyl chloride composite plastic comprises the following steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30 parts by weight of modified jute fiber, 5 parts by weight of calcium stearate, 6 parts by weight of heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane and 3 parts by weight of nano boron carbide, mixing for 15min at 110 ℃, cooling the mixed materials to 40 ℃, standing for 36 h at room temperature, and finally granulating in a reciprocating single-screw granulator with the length-diameter ratio of 1:26 to prepare the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic.
The modified jute fiber is prepared by the following method: dropwise adding 2mL of chlorosulfonic acid into 10mL of pyridine solution for later use, dissolving 5g of xyloglucan in 50mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, adding a chlorosulfonic acid pyridine mixture, stirring at 55 ℃ for 3h, adjusting the pH to 7.0 by using a 1mol/L NaOH aqueous solution, adding 12g of jute fiber, stirring for 5min, carrying out suction filtration, and drying the solid at 105 ℃ for 3h to obtain XG-jute fiber solid; 50mL of 65 wt% HNO at 50 deg.C3Aqueous solution and 100mL of 30 wt% H2O2Mixing the aqueous solutions to obtain a mixed solution, and adding10g of XG-jute fiber solid is added and continuously stirred for 30min at 300 rpm; adding ice, cooling, washing with water for 3 times, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 5min, and collecting solid to obtain modified jute fiber.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of polyvinyl chloride composite plastic comprises the following steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30 parts by weight of jute fiber, 5 parts by weight of calcium stearate, 6 parts by weight of heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane and 3 parts by weight of nano boron carbide, mixing for 15min at 110 ℃, then cooling the mixed materials to 40 ℃, standing for 36 h at room temperature, and finally granulating in a reciprocating single-screw granulator with the length-diameter ratio of 1:26 to prepare the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of polyvinyl chloride composite plastic comprises the following steps:
weighing 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30 parts by weight of modified jute fiber, 5 parts by weight of calcium stearate, 6 parts by weight of heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane and 3 parts by weight of nano boron carbide, mixing for 15min at 110 ℃, cooling the mixed materials to 40 ℃, standing for 36 h at room temperature, and finally granulating in a reciprocating single-screw granulator with the length-diameter ratio of 1:26 to prepare the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic.
The modified jute fiber is prepared by the following method: 50mL of 65 wt% HNO at 50 deg.C3Aqueous solution and 100mL of 30 wt% H2O2Mixing the water solutions to obtain a mixed solution, adding 10g of jute cellulose, and continuously stirring at 300rpm for 30 min; adding ice, cooling, washing with water for 3 times, centrifuging at 3000rpm for 5min, and collecting solid to obtain modified jute fiber.
Test example 1
Thermogravimetric analysis tests were carried out on the polyvinyl chloride composite plastics prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 on a TG209F1 thermogravimetric analyzer in an N thermogravimetric analyzer2Heating from 30 ℃ to 600 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min to obtain a thermogravimetric curve of the composite plastic, and recording the initial thermal decomposition temperature T in thermal decompositioniAnd thermal degradation temperature T at 50% mass loss50％. The test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 composite plastic thermal degradation test result table
| Examples | Ti/℃ | T50％/℃ |
| Example 1 | 311.4 | 502.8 |
| Example 2 | 321.8 | 510.3 |
| Example 3 | 309.7 | 503.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 261.3 | 403.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 279.5 | 469.1 |
It can be seen from table 1 that the thermal stability of the plastic can be significantly improved by adding the modified jute fiber into the polyethylene plastic, the discreteness of the modified jute fiber inside the polyvinyl chloride base body is significantly improved, the interface contact area of the two materials is significantly increased, and a new stable chemical bond is generated. Because the interface connectivity and stability are improved, the heat transfer in the composite material interface channel can be effectively prevented, and the volatilization of the small molecules after thermal decomposition is hindered, so that the overall thermal stability is improved. Meanwhile, the comparison of examples 1-3 shows that xyloglucan treated by pyridine chlorosulfonate can be better adsorbed on the surface of jute fiber, and the structure of the jute fiber is changed under the combined action of the xyloglucan and cellulose crystal, so that the thermal stability of the composite plastic is improved.
Test example 2
The polyvinyl chloride composite plastics prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were subjected to tensile strength test. The mechanical property test can visually reflect the mechanical property of the composite material when the composite material bears the action of external load such as stretching, bending and the like. The starch-based degradable plastics were tested for tensile properties using a universal material tester model 3369, Instron, USA. The specific test method is to carry out a tensile test on a universal material testing machine according to the plastic tensile property test standard GB/T1040-2006, wherein the tensile rate is 2mm/min, and each group is tested for 5 times to obtain the average value. The specific test results are shown in table 1, and the tensile strength is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: sigmat: tensile strength, MPa;
f: maximum load, N;
b: sample width, mm;
h: specimen thickness, mm.
Table 2 tensile strength test results table
| Tensile strength MPa | |
| Example 1 | 31.8 |
| Example 2 | 32.6 |
| Example 3 | 31.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 17.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 20.5 |
It is seen from table 2 that the addition of the modified jute fiber significantly improves the mechanical properties of the plastic, the jute fiber belongs to a high surface energy material composed of natural high molecular compounds, the plastic is a low surface energy system composed of weak polar molecules, the compatibility of the two materials is poor, but the binding force between the fiber and the polyvinyl chloride base material is strengthened after the jute fiber is adsorbed by the xyloglucan and the cellulose crystal, meanwhile, the treated xyloglucan can provide rigidity, and the tensile strength of the plastic is further enhanced by the adsorption on the surface of the jute fiber.
Test example 3
The composite plastics prepared in the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2 are subjected to water absorption performance measurement, an immersion method is selected for the water absorption performance test, each group of prepared composite plastic sheets is uniformly cut into squares of 50 multiplied by 50mm according to GB/T1034-2008, the squares are dried in a drying oven at 50 +/-2 ℃ for 24 hours, and the weight is weighed and marked as ml. Placing the sample in a container or room with relative humidity of 50% +/-5% at 23.0 deg.C + -1.0 deg.C, and placingAfter 24 h. + -. 1h, weigh individual samples to the nearest 0.1 mg. After the sample is taken out of the container or room with a relative humidity of 50% +/-5%, the weighing should be completed within 1min and recorded as m2。
The water absorption mass fraction c of the sample is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula:
c: the water absorption mass fraction of the sample, the numerical value being expressed in%;
ml: weight before and after drying before soaking in milligrams (mg);
m2: the weight of the soaked sample is in milligrams (mg).
Table 3 water absorption property test result table
| The mass fraction of water absorption% | |
| Example 1 | 20 |
| Example 2 | 16 |
| Example 3 | 22 |
| Comparative example 1 | 48 |
| Comparative example 2 | 31 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the xyloglucan and the cellulose crystal are adsorbed to make the bonding between the jute fiber and the polyvinyl chloride base material interface firmer, reduce the moisture between the interfaces and reduce the water absorption of the composite plastic, and simultaneously, the xyloglucan treated by the pyridine chlorosulfonate and the cellulose crystal can act together to greatly reduce the polarity of the jute fiber and the surface roughness of the jute fiber, thereby improving the hydrophobic property of the composite plastic.
Claims (8)
1. The polyvinyl chloride composite plastic is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 30-50 parts of modified jute fiber, 5-8 parts of lubricant, 5-8 parts of flame retardant and 5-7 parts of stabilizer.
2. The polyvinyl chloride composite plastic of claim 1, wherein the modified jute fiber is prepared by the following method: adding 10-15 g of cellulose nanocrystals into 1-1.5L of water, stirring for 2-3 h at room temperature, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2-3 min at 200-250W, carrying out ultrasonic circulation for 4-5 times, adding 10-12 g of jute fiber, stirring for 5-8 min, storing for 20-24 h at 2-4 ℃, carrying out suction filtration to obtain a CNC-jute fiber solid, and drying for 2-3 h at 105-110 ℃; adding 10-20 g of xyloglucan into 1-2L of water, stirring at the rotation speed of 200-300 rpm for 3-5 hours at 50-60 ℃, adding 12-15 g of CNC-jute fiber, stirring for 5-8 minutes, and drying the solid at 105-110 ℃ for 2-3 hours after suction filtration to obtain CNC-XG-jute fiber solid; adding CNC-XG-jute fiber solid into nitric acid hydrogen peroxide solution at 45-50 ℃, continuously stirring at 300-400 rpm for 20-30 min, cooling, washing with water for 2-3 times, centrifuging at 3000-3500 rpm for 5-8 min, and collecting solid to obtain the modified jute fiber.
3. The polyvinyl chloride composite plastic according to claim 2, wherein: the nitric acid hydrogen peroxide solution is HNO with the weight percent of 55-653An aqueous solution and 25 to 30 wt% of H2O2The aqueous solution was prepared according to the following ratio 1: (1-2) by volume ratio.
4. The polyvinyl chloride composite plastic according to claim 2, wherein: the CNC-XG-jute fiber solid accounts for 1/20-1/5 of the mass of the nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution.
5. The polyvinyl chloride composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the flame retardant is nano boron nitride.
6. The polyvinyl chloride composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the lubricant is calcium stearate.
7. The polyvinyl chloride composite plastic according to claim 1, wherein: the stabilizer is heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane.
8. The preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: weighing polyvinyl chloride resin, modified jute fiber, calcium stearate, heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane and nano boron carbide according to a formula, mixing for 10-15 min at 110-120 ℃, cooling the mixed materials to 35-40 ℃, standing for 36-48 h at room temperature, and finally granulating to obtain the polyvinyl chloride composite plastic.
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